Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus, including: light sources; a deflector configured to deflect beams emitted from the light sources; and imaging optical systems configured to focus the beams deflected by a deflecting surface of the deflector on surfaces to be scanned, respectively, wherein: the beams entering the deflecting surface are P-polarized beam; the optical scanning apparatus further includes at least one reflection optical element reflecting a beam in a sub-scanning cross section on each of optical paths from the deflecting surface to the surfaces to be scanned; the optical paths include first and second optical paths having different numbers of the reflection optical elements from each other; and the optical scanning apparatus further includes an adjustor configured to adjust an output of a light source corresponding to at least one of the first and the second optical paths from among the light sources so that predetermined conditions are satisfied.
Abstract: A method for forming an array of viable cells is provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises ink-jet printing a cellular composition containing cells onto a substrate. Upon printing, at least about 25% of the cells remain viable after incubation for 24 hours at 37° C. in a 5% CO2/95% O2 environment.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 17, 2003
Date of Patent:
May 30, 2006
Assignee:
Clemson University
Inventors:
Thomas Boland, William Crisp Wilson, Jr., Tao Xu