Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image reading unit disposed in an upper portion of the image forming apparatus, an image forming unit disposed below the image reading unit to form an image on a sheet fed from a sheet roll, a pair of flange members attached to both lateral ends of the sheet roll in a width direction of the sheet roll, a sheet roll supporter disposed below the image reading unit in a rear portion of the image forming apparatus to support the sheet roll, an opening through which the sheet roll is set to the sheet roll supporter, and a guide assembly provided at upper and lower parts of the opening to position at least one of the pair of flange members attached to the sheet roll in the width direction to guide the sheet roll to the sheet roll supporter.

Abstract: An image forming system including first and second image forming apparatuses that includes a first image forming unit configured to form an image on a first surface of recording paper, a discharging unit configured to discharge the recording paper on which the image is formed by the first image forming unit to the second image forming apparatus, a second image forming unit configured to form an image on a second surface of the recording paper discharged by the discharging unit from the first image forming apparatus, and a correction unit configured to correct adjustment timing of the image forming system as a whole so that first adjustment timing for performing an adjustment operation of an output image formed by the first image forming unit and second adjustment timing for performing an adjustment operation of an output image formed by the second image forming unit accord with each other.

Abstract: A method for printing an image, the method includes the steps of defining a media support surface; advancing a print medium onto the support surface; emitting light from a first side of the print medium toward the defined surface; moving a sensor on a second side of the print medium along a scan direction; monitoring the position of the sensor as it moves along the scan direction; sensing the light on the second side of the print medium which is opposite the first side as the light passes through the print medium to a sensor; providing memory for storing patterns representing particular media types; providing a processor for comparing signals from the sensor to patterns stored in the memory in order to identify media type; identifying the print medium type; selecting a print mode based on the identified print medium type; processing an image according to the selected print mode; and printing the image on the print medium.

Abstract: The present invention is an optical scanning apparatus that is positioned and fixed to a metal frame of an image forming apparatus, in which a rotating polygon mirror being a deflection means and a drive motor rotationally driving the rotating polygon mirror are accommodated inside a housing made of resin. In the present invention, a bearing of the drive motor and a positioning member provided upright to the metal frame are inserted into and fitted with each other from opposite directions in a positioning boss formed in the housing, and the bearing is in contact with the positioning member.

Abstract: A medium holding apparatus includes: a medium holding conveyance device which has a plurality of suction grooves for suctioning a sheet-shaped medium, and conveys the medium in a prescribed direction while holding the medium on a medium holding surface; and a suction pressure generating device which is connected to the plurality of suction grooves, and generates suction pressure in each of the suction grooves, wherein: the plurality of suction grooves include a leading end suction groove provided at a position where a leading end region of the medium is held, and the leading end suction groove has a structure so as to be separated from other suction grooves of the plurality of suction grooves, and is connected to the suction pressure generating device via a flow channel which is not connected to the other suction grooves.

Abstract: A transferred medium is provided. In one exemplary embodiment a transferred medium includes a projection part projected in a transferring direction. The projection part can be integrally formed at a front end of the transferred medium. The transferred medium can have a plate shape that can be nipped between a feed driving roller that is rotationally driven and a feed driven roller that is rotationally driven in contact with the feed driving roller. The transferred medium can also be configured to be transferred in the transferring direction with the rotation of the feed driving roller. Further, the transferred medium can include a plurality of the projection parts at its front end in a direction perpendicular to the transferring direction of the transferred medium with a predetermined pitch. Other embodiments of a transferred medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: A laser rewriting apparatus positioned on one side or the other side of a conveyance path through which a to-be-conveyed object on which a thermoreversible recording medium is affixed is conveyed in a predetermined conveyance direction. The laser rewriting apparatus emits laser light to the thermoreversible recording medium and rewrites an image. The laser writing apparatus includes an image erasing apparatus that emits laser light to the thermoreversible recording medium and erases the image from the thermoreversible recording medium; and an image recording apparatus positioned on the predetermined conveyance direction downstream side of the image erasing apparatus and records a new image by emitting laser light to the thermoreversible recording medium. The image erasing apparatus and the image recording apparatus have the respective laser light emitting parts from which the laser light is emitted at ends on the same side with respect to the predetermined conveyance direction.

Abstract: A laser light irradiating system which irradiates a laser light onto a thermally reversible recording medium which is pasted on a face on one side of an object to be conveyed to perform one of image erasing and image recording is disclosed. The laser light irradiating system includes a conveying unit; a detecting unit; a laser light emitting unit; and a control unit, wherein the control unit conveys the object to be conveyed to a specific position and, when the thermally reversible recording medium is not detected by the detecting unit, the laser light with a power level greater than or equal to a predetermined power level is prevented from being emitted from the laser light emitting unit.

Abstract: A transferred medium is provided. In one exemplary embodiment a transferred medium includes a projection part projected in a transferring direction of the transferred medium from a front end part of the medium such that the projection part traverses the front end part of the medium. The thickness of a part of the projection part can be configured to be greater than the thickness of the front end part, the width of the projection part in a direction perpendicular to the transferring direction can be narrower than the width of the front part in that same direction, and the urging force by the urging member can act on the projection part and the front end part during transfer of the transferred medium. A recording apparatus system that includes a transferred medium is also provided, as are other embodiments of a transferred medium.

Abstract: A rotatable roller is provided which includes a first end and a second end and a surface adapted to wrap a portion of the media thereupon. A carriage conveys the roller along a path. The roller is moved by first and second drives. The first and second drives can be differentially operated to reorient the roller with respect to a direction along the path. The first drive and the second drive can be operated, differentially or non-differentially, to move the carriage along the path. The reoriented roller can be rotated about its axis while conveying the media to wrap the portion of the media onto the surface. The portion of the media can be sized to wrap over the surface of the reoriented roller without overlapping itself. The first drive and the second drive can be operated non-differentially to convey the reoriented roller along a portion of the path.

Abstract: In laser engraving apparatus for engraving a gray-scale image on a plastic ID-card, the laser is a modulatable optically pumped semiconductor laser. Focusing optics focus a beam from the laser into a focal spot about 10 micrometers in diameter. The ID-card is mounted on a turntable which is rotated such that the focal spot sweeps over the ID card. The turntable is translated in a direction transverse to the rotation direction and the laser is modulated such that the engraved gray-scale image is formed by a matrix of parallel black lines of various length and spacing.

Abstract: A thermal head avoids a drop in print quality caused by adhesion of printing chaff. A thermal head 39 that presses against thermal paper that moves from one side to the other side and prints by melting dye contained in the thermal paper has a glazed layer 150 that is formed in an area on one part of a ceramic substrate 43 and stores in-flowing heat, and a heating resistor 140 that is located offset to one side from the center of the glazed layer 150, selectively heats the thermal paper S pressed in contact therewith, and melts a dye material contained in the thermal paper. A smooth surface P against which the thermal paper S heated by the heating resistor 140 slides is formed to the other side of the glazed layer 150 from the heating resistor 140.

Abstract: There is provided a laser-marking multilayer sheet for an electronic passport formed by laminating five sheets of a multilayer sheet A/a multilayer sheet B/a film C/a multilayer sheet B/a multilayer sheet A. The multilayer sheet B is a colored laser-marking multilayer sheet. The film C is a laser-marking multilayer sheet made of a film for the electronic passport. The laser-marking multilayer sheet can have clear letters, symbols, and images, which are excellent in a laser-marking property and high in contrasts between the original surface color and the printed portions. The laser-marking multilayer sheet is excellent especially for inhibiting the falsification and forgery thereof.

Abstract: Personalization of identity card by producing a color image thereon by selectively exposing photon-sensitive layers on the card to change between transparent and opaque thereby selectively revealing opaque colors from the photon-sensitive layer or from a printed substrate. Other systems and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: An inkjet printer includes a media support defining a surface; an inkjet printhead oriented to eject ink toward the defined surface; a carriage that is movable along a carriage scan direction; a light source directed at the defined surface and positioned on a first side of the defined plane to provide an illuminated portion of the plane extending substantially along the carriage scan direction; a light sensing device mounted on the movable platform on a second side of the defined plane that is opposite the first side, which sensing device functions to sense media type by sensing light emitted from the light source and transmitted across the defined plane and to light sensing device; memory for storing patterns representing particular media types; and a processor for comparing signals from the light sensor to patterns stored in the memory in order to identify media type.

Abstract: A color printing paper includes a substrate having a printing region and a plurality of photonic crystal patterns formed on the printing region. The plurality of photonic crystal layer patterns have different respective optical reflection characteristics. The printing method includes selecting pixels including a plurality of photonic crystal layer patterns that express at least one of a red color, a green color, and a blue color, and changing optical reflection characteristics of at least a portion of the plurality of photonic crystal layer patterns of the selected pixels.

Abstract: A dual mode imaging system includes a dual wavelength ROS suitable for imaging xerographic media and erasable media. When included in an imaging system this includes media transport for selectively conveying non-erasable and erasable media to corresponding imaging positions in the dual mode imaging system. The system further includes a photoreceptor and a raster scanned light beam positioned to selectively image one of the photoreceptor and the erasable media. The media transport includes a non-erasable media transport path and an erasable media transport path, the erasable media transport path diverted from the non-erasable media transport path. An erasable medium in the diverted erasable media transport path intercepts a UV imaging raster scanned light beam, and in the absence of an erasable medium, the photoreceptor intercepts an IR raster scanned light beam.

Abstract: A web flow path extends in a first direction opposite a print head and in a second opposite direction from the print head to a dryer.

Abstract: A recording apparatus includes: a first retainer and a second retainer arranged side by side in a thrust direction, the first and second retainers being rotatable and retaining a long recording medium wound therearound; a guide mechanism that draws the recording medium wound around the first retainer in the thrust direction and guides the recording medium in a direction in which the recording medium can be wound around the second retainer; and a recording unit that performs a first recording process on the recording medium wound in a single layer around and retained by the first retainer under rotation of the first retainer and a second recording process on the recording medium wound in a single layer around and retained by the second retainer under rotation of the second retainer.

Abstract: A scanning laser having a wavelength compatible with a coating binder so as to cure it as the laser scans and irradiates the coating on a moving web. A system and method for curing flakes by providing a scanning laser which scans across a moving coated substrate in a magnetic field allows images to be formed as magnetically aligned flakes are cured into a fixed position. The images have regions of cured aligned flakes. The scanning laser cures the magnetically aligned flakes within it region it irradiates. Alternatively an array of lasers can be used wherein individual lasers can be switched on and off to fix irradiated coating as a moving web is moved at a high speed.

Abstract: A laser printing system comprising a conveyor for conveying a group of containers, a container group packaging device for packaging a group of containers by a base material at the conveyor, if a conveyance speed when the group of containers packaged by the base material reaches a first region is smaller than a conveyance speed a predetermined time before the packaged group of containers packaged by the base material reaches the first region, the conveyor conveying the packaged group of containers by the conveyance speed when reaching the first region, and a laser printing device for laser printing the base material of the packaged group of containers when the packaged group of containers reaches a second region positioned downstream from the first region at the conveyor. Due to this, the identical base material is prevented from being printed on a plurality of times. Further, this may also include an end signal emitter for emitting a printing end signal after the base material is printed on.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a compensation method in a radial direction on a label side of an optical disc. An optical disc is inserted into an optical disk drive. The data side of the optical disc is divided into at least one compensation area. An optical pick-up head (OPU) is moved from inner to outer rings by simulating a writing process. The OPU is moved to some pre-determined points and radial-directional compensation is performed to obtain radial-directional voltage gains at the pre-determined points. The voltage gains are recorded. The label side of an optical disc is inserted into the optical disk drive. The simulated track number is calculated on the basis of the required moving distance for the OPU to write pattern on the label side. The OPU is moved to write the label side by a radial-directional lens driving voltage compensated with a gain obtained from a compensation formula.

Abstract: Provided is a recording apparatus capable of performing recording on a recording medium having a lenticular lens.

Abstract: An exposure device includes: a substrate on which a plurality of light emitting elements are mounted; an optical system that converges light irradiated from the light emitting elements onto a photosensitive surface; a holding member that holds and fixes the substrate; a support member that supports the optical system and the holding member; a first adhesive member that is tprovided between the substrate and the holding member; and a second adhesive member that is provided between the holding member and the support member, wherein the first adhesive member has higher elongation and lower hardness than the second adhesive member.

Abstract: A hybrid processing device having printheads that records on a check conveyed through a medium conveyance path includes a first sensor that detects insertion of a check from the recording medium entrance of the medium conveyance path, a second sensor that detects discharge of the check from the recording medium exit of the medium conveyance path, and a third sensor that detects presence of a check between the first and second sensors. It is determined that the recording medium has been removed from the conveyance path, when the recording medium detectors change from a first state, in which at least one of the recording medium detectors detects that the recording medium is present, to a second state, in which none of the recording medium detectors detect that the recording medium is present.

Abstract: A system and a method for improving total job time without needing to know a job size. An engine dynamically decides which process speed to warm up to based on a number and size of pages currently submitted to the engine, and thus deliver the best job time dynamically. The engine also takes into account its condition and a condition of a fuser, and dynamically selects a substantially optimum point of operation.

Abstract: A medium detecting apparatus and an image forming apparatus are supplied capable of making medium move without hitting sensor lever while skew adjustment or medium setting operation. In the image forming apparatus, a medium hit surface of the sensor lever to detect skew holds inclinations in plural directions and a guider to limit the medium is furnished on the inclined side; or a medium hit surface of the sensor lever to detect skew holds inclinations in plural directions and position detections in movement direction of carriage and in conveyance direction of medium are performed by one sensor; or a sheet guider is further furnished and the sensor lever whose medium hit surface holds inclinations in plural directions is used as a sensor to detect a paper setting; or a hand-operated adjustment print function is further furnished and the sensor lever whose medium hit surface holds inclinations in plural directions is used as a sensor to detect a paper setting.

Abstract: In the image forming system, there is provided an image processing section which determines a rotation standard for rotating image information so that an orientation of an image which is to be formed on an output medium on which prescribed post processing is not to be conducted agrees with an orientation of an image formed on an output medium on which prescribed post processing is to be conducted, if a booklet division mode is set by the setting section, and which conducts rotation processing on the image information based on the rotation standard.

Abstract: A conveying apparatus includes a lever swinging in contact with a recording medium conveyed along a conveying path in a conveying direction, a sensor detecting the swinging of the lever, a moving unit for moving the lever from a position where the lever is allowed to contact the recording medium in the conveying path to a position where the lever is retracted from the conveying path, a guide unit being movable between a first position and a second position, the guide unit guiding the recording medium conveyed in a direction opposite to the conveying direction to the conveying path when the guide unit is located in the second position and a transmitting unit for transmitting the movement of the guide unit to the moving unit through motion of at least one member to link the movement of the guide unit from the first position to the second position with the movement of the lever to the position where the lever is retracted from the conveying path, the movement of the lever being performed by the moving unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a printing machine, comprising a flexible carrier (3) which is coated with an ink to be printed, and to a device for the introduction of energy (11) into the ink, the device for the introduction of energy (11) being arranged in such a way that the energy can be introduced in a printing area (9) on the side facing away from the ink, so that ink is transferred from the carrier (3) to a substrate (7) to be printed. In the printing area there is arranged a tensioning device (13), with which the flexible carrier (3) is tensioned in the area in which the energy is introduced, in order to obtain a smooth surface.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having; a photoconductive drum, a LED print head to write an image on a surface of the photoconductive drum, and a positioning device to locate the LED print head in a relative position in respect to the photoconductive drum, includes; centering sections respectively arranged at both ends of a center shaft of the photoconductive drum so as to rotate centering around the shaft thereof, LED print head positioning members fixed at the centering member respectively, and a rotation direction determination member to fix the centering members onto an image forming apparatus main body side when a preferable relative position of the LED print head in respect to the photoconductive drum is obtained by rotating the centering sections.

Abstract: A laser-markable acrylic and PVC composition (commonly known as Kydex®) is lased using a CO2 laser to differentiate a laser etched graphic or pattern from the base material. A discoloration may be controlled to improve an appearance of the graphic or pattern. An embodiment uses a 500 to 2,500 watt CO2 laser to provide a raster or vector graphic pattern on the Kydex® finished part. Yet another embodiment is to use a 500 to 2,500 watt CO2 laser to provide a seamless raster or vector graphic pattern on a large piece of Kydex® which can then be cut and divided into multiple finished parts. In this case, an embodiment would include providing the necessary software and process controls to insure that the seams between individual parts that make up a larger part are without lines of demarcation.

Abstract: Device and process for marking a moving object by laser A process for marking a moving object by means of a laser using a laser system with a laser beam with the ability to mark within a working area characterised in that: the position of the object to be marked is obtained by means of a sensor, and the speed of the object to be marked is varied in relation to the position of the object to be marked relative to the working area and/or the position of the laser beam within the working area.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a sheet stacking unit that stacks and stores the sheet before printing, a first conveying path that conveys the sheet from this sheet stacking unit, a second conveying path that conveys the sheet from this first conveying path to a space between the recording head and a sheet guide member while reversing the sheet, a third conveying path that conveys the sheet from the first conveying path to a temporary storing unit in a state in which a front-to-rear direction of the sheet is maintained, a fourth conveying path that conveys the sheet from the temporary storing unit to the space in a state in which the front-to-rear direction of the sheet is maintained, a first switching mechanism that switches a conveying direction of the sheet, and a second switching mechanism that guides the sheet.

Abstract: A transferred medium is provided. In one exemplary embodiment a transferred medium includes a projection part projected in a transferring direction. The projection part can be integrally formed at a front end of the transferred medium. The transferred medium can have a plate shape that can be nipped between a feed driving roller that is rotationally driven and a feed driven roller that is rotationally driven in contact with the feed driving roller. The transferred medium can also be configured to be transferred in the transferring direction with the rotation of the feed driving roller. Further, the transferred medium can include a plurality of the projection parts at its front end in a direction perpendicular to the transferring direction of the transferred medium with a predetermined pitch. Other embodiments of a transferred medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: A transport amount correcting method, including; (A) storing in a memory, in regard to a medium of a predetermined size, correction values associated with relative positions of the medium and a head; and (B) when carrying out recording on the medium of the predetermined size, transporting the medium while correcting a target transport amount using a correction value associated with a relative position of the medium and the head, and when carrying out recording on a medium larger than the predetermined size, transporting the medium while correcting the target transport amount by using a portion of the correction values a plurality of times, the portion of the correction values being a portion of the correction values among the correction values used when the medium of the predetermined size is being transported by both an upstream side roller and a downstream side roller.

Abstract: The exposure apparatus is provided with: an optical member; and a holding member that holds the optical member. Both end portions of the optical member are held by the holding member with a first adhering unit that is cured by light irradiation for first duration and a second adhering unit that is cured by light irradiation for second duration which is longer than the first duration.

Abstract: Personalization of identity card by producing a color image thereon by selectively exposing photon-sensitive layers on the card to change between transparent and opaque thereby selectively revealing opaque colors from the photon-sensitive layer or from a printed substrate. Other systems and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive drum with a simple structure for realizing a seamless digital photosensitive drum having an exposure source and a photosensitive member which are integrated with each other. The electrophotographic photosensitive drum includes a self-luminous device portion, a functional separation portion, and a photosensitive portion. The self-luminous device portion includes a first electrode wire layer including multiple first electrode wires provided in a circumferential direction of a cylindrical substrate and arrayed in a longitudinal direction of the cylindrical substrate so as to be separated from each other by an insulating member, and each of the multiple first electrode wires is annularly formed.

Abstract: A system for detecting the alignment of a top plate placed on a plate pallet. The alignment is detected relative to predetermined coordinates of the system. The system will generally include the following components: An illumination source configured to illuminate light on at least one edge of the top plate; a scanner for acquiring scanning results of the top plate edges. The scanning result will be analyzed by an analyzing component, in order to align the top plate correctly before it is loaded into the CTP imaging device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a sheet tray; an image forming unit that forms an image on a recording sheet; a sheet transporting path that allows a transportation of the recording sheet fed from the sheet tray to the image forming unit; and a sheet detecting unit that detects a passage of a rear end, with respect to a direction in which the recording sheet is transported, of the recording sheet along the sheet transporting path. The transportation of the recording sheet is temporarily stopped at the time of, or after a predetermined time from when the rear end is detected by the sheet detecting unit. The transportation of the recording sheet is resumed on the basis of data on a size of the transported recording sheet and a timing of image formation by the image forming unit.

Abstract: A multi-functional sensor for deriving information on a recording sheet material comprising an impact-applying unit for applying an external mechanical force onto the recording sheet material, a signal-detecting unit for detecting a signal of response of the recording sheet material to the external mechanical force, a signal-processing unit for processing the signal, and a signal-judging unit for deriving a property of the recording sheet material by comparison of a signal from the signal-detecting unit or the signal processing unit with information memorized preliminarily, wherein the signal-processing unit comprises a separation section for separating the signal from the signal-detecting unit into output signals on the properties of the recording sheet material, and a processing section for deriving, by statistical treatment, a correlation equation showing a correlation between the separated output signal and the properties of the recording sheet material.

Abstract: This printer includes a print head portion having a laser application portion emitting a laser beam, for performing printing by applying the laser beam from the laser application portion in a state bringing an ink sheet and a paper into contact with each other while transporting the ink sheet in a first direction and transporting the paper in both of the first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: A system and a method print one or more images to one or more reimageable documents, wherein the one or more representative of at least a portion of a digital file. The method includes a connecting a portable printer to a computing device. Moreover, the method includes emitting ultraviolet light from a light source, wherein an imaging layer of the reimageable document is imagable by ultraviolet light, wherein ultraviolet light forms a color contrast on the imaging layer that defines an image representative of at least a portion of the digital file.

Abstract: A sheet feeding mechanism having a pickup roller, a switch device, and a gear set is disclosed. The pickup roller drives a recording material to a first path, and the recording material proceeds from the first path to a second path or from a third path to a fourth path when the switch device is switched to a first position, and proceeds from the first path to the third path when the switch device is switched to a second position. The gear set drives the recording material from the first path to the third path when the switch device is switched to the second position and drives the recording material from the first path to the second path, from the third path to the fourth path, and from the fourth path to the first path when the switch device is switched to the first position.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a security feature for a security element, a security paper or a data carrier that exhibits a substrate into which at least one through opening and at least one marking in registration with the through opening are to be introduced.

Abstract: According to one aspect of this disclosure, a printing apparatus and method is provided. The printing apparatus comprising a media sheet first inverter and a media sheet second inverter, the first inverter and second inverter operatively connected to provide a media sheet pass-through route, wherein the media sheet pass-through route transports a media sheet through the first inverter and the second inverter. According to another aspect of this disclosure, a printing system is disclosed. The printing system comprising an inverter module. The inverter module comprising a first media sheet input/output zone, and a second media sheet input/output zone, the first and second media sheet input/output zones operatively connected to provide a media sheet pass-through route. The inverter module is configured to selectably route a media sheet to a printing device for image transfer and the inverter module is configured to invert a media sheet from the printing device media sheet output.

Abstract: A beam imprinting disk which is provided with a supporting layer, a photosensitive printing layer is formed on the supporting layer, and a paint printing layer is formed on the photosensitive printing layer. One surface of the disk is a data-rewriting surface for writing data, and the other surface of the disk is a label predetermined surface for setting patterns and words. The photosensitive printing layer is disposed on the label predetermined surface of the disk, the paint printing layer is partially disposed on the photosensitive printing layer, so that the user can simultaneously see the photosensitive printing layer and the paint printing layer from the label predetermined surface. By such arrangements, the disk is applicable to the ink jet printer or the beam imprinting optical disk drive, so that the beam imprinting disk has a wide range of application and can meet different user's requirements.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring a length of a sheet includes a sheet-carrying unit for carrying a sheet, a reading unit having an area sensor and configured to repeatedly read the surface of the sheet from the leading end to the trailing end of the sheet while the sheet is being carried by the sheet-carrying unit, and a measuring unit for measuring the length of the sheet in the carrying direction on the basis of information regarding the sheet surface that is repeatedly read by the reading unit.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus is provided which can perform image recording on a recording medium being conveyed while restraining a curl at the front end of the recording medium. The ink-jet recording apparatus has an upstream curve forming portion that curves a recording medium being conveyed into a nearly U-shape when viewed in a cross selection orthogonal to a conveying direction of the recording medium, and an upstream conveying direction change portion that shifts the conveying direction of the recording medium being conveyed from the feed tray to between a platen and a recording head such that the recording medium is curved to form a nearly U-shape when viewed in a cross section along the conveying direction.