Abstract: Provided is a nozzle assembly for an inkjet printhead. The nozzle assembly includes a substrate defining a nozzle chamber and an ink inlet channel leading to the chamber. The nozzle assembly also includes a nozzle defined on the substrate and located over the nozzle chamber, the nozzle having a crown portion with a skirt portion depending from the crown portion, the skirt portion forming a first part of a peripheral wall portion of the nozzle chamber, the nozzle surrounded by a raised rim which supports a meniscus of a body of ink in the nozzle chamber. Also included is an actuator with a connecting arm fast with the nozzle to operatively displace the nozzle towards the substrate, wherein the nozzle, actuator and connecting arm are defined according to micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) techniques.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink jet head driven by a drive IC for ejecting an ink droplet having conductivity, comprising a chamber for storing ink, a nozzle plate attached to the chamber, an actuator provided with an electrode electrically contacting ink in the chamber and activated by a current flowing through the electrode from a power supply, a conductive plate including an opening and glued to the nozzle plate such that the nozzle is exposed through the opening, and a current limiter limiting the current when the ink is purged from the nozzle during a period other than that of ink being ejected. Even if the purge is repeatedly carried out, an extraordinarily rising in temperature of the drive IC and resultant breakdown of the IC can be prevented.

Abstract: There is inexpensively and simply provided a highly reliable printing head including a printing element substrate which is located with high positioning precision and therefore causes no occurrence of ink leak regardless of the printing head having a large printing width. An ink jet printing head comprising a plurality of printing element substrates in each of which a plurality of ejecting openings, printing elements and an ink supply opening, a support member and an ink supply member wherein the support member is formed of a first member and a second member and is integral with the first member so as to surround the first member and the support member and the ink supply member are bonded in such a manner that bonding faces of the first member and the second member, and the second member are not in contact with the opening.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead includes an ink supply channel extending through a substrate; an ink chamber arranged on the substrate, into which chamber ink from the ink supply channel is supplied, the ink chamber defining an ink ejection port on one surface thereof; an internal rim provided within the ink chamber, the rim interposed between the ink supply channel and the ink ejection port; and a thermal bend actuator extending into the chamber from outside the chamber, the thermal bend actuator terminating in the chamber with a paddle. The periphery of the paddle and the internal rim are shaped with complementary edges turned towards the ink ejection port.

Abstract: The method manufactures a nozzle plate, and comprises: a patterned resist formation step of forming a patterned resist on a flat surface of a matrix substrate, the patterned resist having a shape corresponding to a diameter of nozzle holes in a nozzle plate to be formed, the patterned resist having a thickness corresponding to a length of the nozzle holes; a nozzle length regulating member placement step of placing the nozzle length regulating member having a flat surface onto the patterned resist in such a manner that the flat surface of the nozzle length regulating member faces the flat surface of the matrix substrate across the patterned resist; and a nozzle plate formation step of forming the nozzle plate by plating with the patterned resist between the flat surface of the matrix substrate and the flat surface of the nozzle length regulating member.

Abstract: A recording head includes a stacked body including: a liquid flow path; a plurality of plates stacked on each other; and two communicating holes. Each of the plurality of plates includes: a cross-sectional portion of the liquid flow path; a positioning hole; and a reference hole. Locations of the positioning hole and the reference hole of a plate of the plurality of plates correspond to locations of the reference hole and the positioning hole, respectively, of a plate adjacent to the one plate such that, when the plates are stacked, the positioning holes and the reference holes of adjacent plates alternate to communicate with each other so as to form the two communicating holes, the diameters of the positioning holes of the plurality of plates being successively smaller in order from one side to another side of the stacked body relative to a stack direction of the plurality of plates.

Abstract: A method, which is capable of manufacturing an ink jet recording head with a high degree of accuracy even though the density of an ink passage pattern is increased, includes the steps of forming an ink passage pattern on a substrate formed therein with an ink discharge pressure generating element from dissoluble resin; depositing an organic material on the substrate formed thereon with the ink passage pattern from the dissoluble resin by a vapor growth process at a temperature at which the dissolubility of the dissoluble resin is not lost, so as to form a coated resin layer; forming an ink discharge port in the coated resin layer in parts located above the ink discharge pressure generating element; and eluting the dissoluble resin.

Abstract: A present invention improves the impact accuracy of ejected droplets, the quality of printed images, and print speed. A print head according to the present invention has an ink channel for which the width thereof in a direction orthogonal to an ink supply direction in which ink is supplied from an ink supply port to a pressure chamber is smaller than that of a pressure chamber. In the print head, the center of a heater along the ink supply direction is offset from the center of the pressure chamber along the ink supply direction, toward the side of the pressure chamber far from the ink supply port in the ink supply direction.

Abstract: There is provided a printing head in which a printing element substrate is hard to be deformed even if the printing head falls by mistake. The printing head comprises an element substrate in which an energy generating element for generating energy used for ejecting ink is provided, a first sheet-shaped portion to which the element substrate is provided, a second sheet-shaped portion provided away from the first sheet-shaped portion at an opposite side to a direction of ejecting the ink in relation to the first sheet-shaped portion, and a sheet-shaped wall member connecting the first sheet-shaped portion to the second sheet-shaped portion, wherein the wall member has a thickness of a portion connected to the second sheet-shaped portion, which is larger than a thickness of a portion connected to the first sheet-shaped portion.

Abstract: There is provided a printing head, enabling to suppress the occurrence of cracks in a printing element substrate, even if the printing head is erroneously fallen. The printing head comprises: a printing element substrate, an ink flow passage and a sheet-shaped portion comprising a rectangular major surface. A rear surface side of the major surface of the sheet-shaped portion is provided with a space formed separately from the ink flow passage. A surface adjacent to the major surface is provided with an opening of the space formed therein, and wherein the sheet-shaped portion is provided with a concave portion formed on the rear surface side of two regions between the printing element substrate and two corner portions arranged proximate to the opening in the major surface.

Abstract: A liquid-discharging recording head includes first and second substrates each having an energy generating element and a supply port, and a support member on which the substrates are arranged. The first substrate is provided on one side in a longitudinal direction of the support member, and the second substrate is provided on an other side in the longitudinal direction of the support member. A driving circuit configured to drive the energy generating element is provided in a larger region between an end of a supply port in the first substrate on the other side in the longitudinal direction and an end of the first substrate on the other side and in a larger region between an end of a supply port in the second substrate on the one side in the longitudinal direction and an end of the second substrate on the one side.

Abstract: There is provided a production method for a liquid discharging apparatus including a liquid discharging head having a discharging port configured to discharge liquid, and a thermoplastic support portion having a liquid supply passage configured to supply the liquid to the liquid discharging head. The production method includes a preparation step of preparing the liquid discharging head and the support portion, a heating step of heating the liquid discharging head, an approach step of moving the liquid discharging head close to the support portion and melting the support portion by applying radiant heat from the liquid discharging head to the support portion, and a pressing step of pressing the liquid discharging head against the support portion so that the melted support portion forms a wall portion to contact an outer peripheral portion of the liquid discharging head.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inkjet printing head which is not deteriorated in printing quality or broken in production processes. For this purpose, a rib capable of being displaced upon receiving an influence of stress resulting from a sealant is installed at a position opposing the long side face of a printing element substrate, and the sealant is used to seal between the ribs and the printing element substrate.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead integrated circuit comprises a silicon substrate having a layer of drive circuitry and a passivation layer over the drive circuitry layer. The passivation layer defines a plurality of vias exposing a plurality of contacts in the underlying drive circuitry. Sidewalls extend from the passivation layer and meet with a nozzle plate spaced apart from the passivation layer. The nozzle plate and the sidewalls together form a plurality of ink chambers, each ink chamber having a nozzle opening defined in the nozzle plate and an ink inlet. A heater element is suspended in each of the ink chambers. Each heater element is electrically connected to a respective pair of contacts in the drive circuitry layer through a respective pair of the vias.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing an ink jet recording head having a high durability and a high ink resistance and enabling a high-quality image recording by employing a material capable of reducing the internal stress and having satisfactory patterning characteristics. It also provides a method of producing such ink jet recording head with a high precision. A cationically photopolymerizable resin composition containing a condensate of a hydrolysable organosilane compound, employed as a material for forming a flow path forming member, enables a reduction of internal stress and a highly precise pattern in the flow path forming member thereby providing an ink jet recording head having a high durability and a high ink resistance and capable of high-quality printing over a prolonged time, and a producing method therefor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a higher density, higher resolution, higher durability and lower cost circuit substrate. In a circuit substrate in which a circuit including: a plurality of heat generating elements in which a pair of electrodes opposing each other to form a predetermined gap is provided on a resistor 16 and a portion where a resistor layer is positioned between the electrodes is taken as a resistor portion; and first and second wiring layers 12 and 15 for energizing the pair of electrodes of each heat generating element; is mounted on a substrate 10, the substrate is formed of Si, the first wiring layer is formed of a metal material containing at least Si, the first wiring layer is electrically connected to the substrate, the second wiring layer is provided on the first wiring layer through a metal film 14 for preventing Si from diffusing and a resistor is provided over the second wiring layer.

Abstract: A method of printing onto one or more sides of a mesh fabric, such a polyester mesh typically used for flags and banners, using a drop on demand ink printer, wherein the printer is operated at a fluid pressure of between 1 and 3.5 bar and that the image forming composition has a viscosity of less than 100 cp.

Abstract: A method to help control the quality of printed three-dimensional objects is provided. The method may include depositing building materials to print a three-dimensional object with an adjacent support construction such that the object and the support construction are separated by a barrier and the barrier includes vacant pixels, where no building material is deposited.

Abstract: A liquid-droplet ejection head may include stacked plates that form therein a common liquid channel and a plurality of individual ink channels extending from exits from the common liquid channel to nozzles via pressure chambers. At least one of the stacked plates may include an island-shaped partial plate surrounded by the common liquid channel and configured to form at least a part of side walls of the common liquid channel. The stacked plates may also include a support portion that transverse the common liquid channel and configured to support the partial plate. At least a part of a side edge of the support portion on an upstream side of a flow direction of liquid in the common liquid channel may be inclined to the flow direction, as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the stacked plates.

Abstract: An object of this invention is to implement higher-quality printing at a higher speed by changing an electric current value to a printing element and adjusting energy applied to the printing element in an inkjet printhead. To achieve this object, a current regulating circuit is arranged on the head substrate of an inkjet printhead of a constant electric current driving type which supplies a constant electric current to a heater. The electric current value is changed in accordance with a signal (digital signal etc.) supplied from the outside of the printhead. Energy corresponding to the electric current value is applied to the printing element from a constant electric current source corresponding to each group.

Abstract: An inkjet printer is provided having a plurality of nozzle integrated circuits, a support member having a plurality of longitudinally extending channels for carrying ink, and a plurality of ink distribution members via which ink is distributed from the channels of the support member to the nozzles of the nozzle integrated circuits. Each ink distribution member incorporates a laminated stack of layers, each layer having apertures for distributing ink from the channels to the nozzles of a respective one of the printhead integrated circuits. The apertures of each layer from the support member to the respective printhead integrated circuit are of successively smaller diameter.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a discharge port array having discharge ports for discharging liquid, a liquid chamber for supplying liquid to the discharge port array, and a liquid introduction passage for introducing liquid to the liquid chamber. A vertical cross section of the liquid chamber has an elongated shape. The liquid introduction passage is wider than the liquid chamber in a width direction of the elongated shape. A communicating portion is longer than a width of the liquid chamber and shorter than the liquid chamber, and is projecting from the liquid introduction passage for the liquid chamber. A bottom of the liquid introduction passage is disposed at a lower position than a top of the liquid chamber in the communicating portion, and a distance between the top and the bottom is longer than half of the width of the liquid chamber.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejecting method, including: ejecting a liquid from a liquid ejecting head, wherein the viscosity of the liquid is in a range from 6 mPa·s to 20 mPa·s, wherein the liquid ejecting head includes: nozzles which eject the liquid; a pressure chamber which applies a pressure variation to the liquid in order to eject the liquid from the nozzles; and a supply unit which communicates with the pressure chamber and supplies the liquid to the pressure chamber, and wherein the opening area of the nozzles on the side in which the liquid is ejected is or less of the opening area of the opening of the supply unit on the pressure chamber side.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead that has a silicon wafer substrate that defines a plurality of ink inlet channels and a plurality of replicated nozzle arrangements positioned on the substrate to receive ink from the ink inlets and eject ink droplets onto a media substrate. Each of the nozzle arrangements has nozzle chamber walls, and a roof positioned on the nozzle chamber walls defining an ink ejection port. The roof defines a recess about the ink ejection port to inhibit ink spread from any nozzle face floods.

Abstract: A microfluidic device comprising a monolithic superstructure, wherein the superstructure contains fluid channels, and in at least one of the fluid channels, in an area where the channel changes direction or intersects another channel, the channel is greater in cross-section than in other areas of said channel. A microfluidic device superstructure comprising fluid channels wherein said channels comprise projections into at least part of the channel to aid in laminar flow of fluid.

Abstract: An inkjet external ink manifold is provided that allows for use of a jet stack that does not internally contain ink manifolds. The external ink manifold has a manifold body that includes one or more ink manifold chambers and includes ports arranged to connect the chambers to one or more ink reservoirs. The external ink manifold further includes an adhesive layer overlying and sealing the ink manifold chambers. The adhesive layer includes a plurality of ports arranged to connect the external ink manifold chambers to the jet stack.

Abstract: The liquid coating method includes the step of ejecting droplets from nozzles of a recording head onto an imaging region of a surface of a substrate placed on a support plate, wherein a dot pitch ? that is an interval between landing positions of the droplets on the surface of the substrate satisfies a following condition: ? ? 2 ? 3 ? V ? ( 1 + cos ? ? ? a ) ? sin ? ? ? a ? ? ( 1 - cos ? ? ? a ) ? ( 2 + cos ? ? ? a ) 3 where V stands for a volume of a droplet ejected from each of the nozzles and ?a stands for an advancing contact angle of the droplet against the substrate.

Abstract: An inkjet print head including a substrate and a first film member stacked on the substrate to form an ink path, and a manufacturing method thereof. The first film member includes a path-defining layer made of a photosensitive material and formed with the ink path, and an adhesive layer made of a photosensitive material and used to stably bond the path-defining layer to the substrate. With this configuration, the path-defining layer and the adhesive layer can be simultaneously stacked on the substrate and also, can be patterned simultaneously.

Abstract: An ink jet recording head includes a recording element substrate provided on one side thereof with a plurality of ejection outlet arrays each including a plurality of ejection outlets for ejecting recording liquid and provided on the other side thereof with a plurality of supply ports for supplying the recording liquid to the ejection outlet arrays, respectively; and a supporting member for supporting the recording element substrate by connecting with the other side of the recording element substrate, the supporting member has a plurality of supply passages for supplying the recording liquid to respective supply ports, wherein the supporting member is provided with a partition between adjacent ones of the liquid passages, and at least one side of the partition is provided with pits and projections arranged alternately along a longitudinal direction of the partition.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a fluid ejector structure includes an orifice sub-structure and an ejector element sub-structure direct contact bonded together along a direct contact bonding interface. The orifice sub-structure has a plurality of orifices therein. Each orifice is positioned adjacent to a corresponding one of a plurality of fluid ejection elements on the ejector element sub-structure.

Abstract: In an apparatus producing a high-quality and high-resolution image having high water and light resistances with an orifice having a diameter less than ?25 ?m (less than 500 ?m2 in terms of cross-sectional area of the orifice) by use of a fine particle dispersion recording composition, nozzle clogging can be prevented. A recording is accomplished by a liquid jet recording apparatus for ejecting a recording composition including dispersed fine particles from a small orifice toward a receiving medium, wherein a size Dp of the fine particles and a diameter D0 of the small orifice are determined by a relationship 0.001?Dp/D0?0.01.

Abstract: In an apparatus producing a high-quality and high-resolution image having high water and light resistances with an orifice having a diameter less than ?25 ?m (less than 500 ?m2 in terms of cross-sectional area of the orifice) by use of a fine particle dispersion recording composition, nozzle clogging can be prevented. A recording is accomplished by a liquid jet recording apparatus for ejecting a recording composition including dispersed fine particles from a small orifice toward a receiving medium, wherein a size Dp of the fine particles and a diameter D0 of the small orifice are determined by a relationship 0.001?Dp/D0?0.01.

Abstract: Provided is an actuator device including a piezoelectric element formed of a lower electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and an upper electrode, and displaceably provided on a substrate with a zirconium oxide layer interposed therebetween, the substrate having a silicon oxide layer formed by thermal oxidation on at least a surface, and an intermediate layer made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, and rare earth oxide, and provided between the silicon oxide layer and the zirconium oxide layer.

Abstract: A drop discharge head comprises a channel-forming element that has channel formed therein through which a fluid is conducted to a nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for manufacturing an ink-jet printhead comprising the steps of providing a print head wafer comprising a plurality of print head dice, each print head die comprising a nozzle plate bonded to a barrier layer formed on a substrate, wherein said plurality of print head dice are arranged on the substrate so as to define at least one first dividing channel comprising at least one first channel portion, said at least one first channel portion having a bottom portion comprised between the lateral sides of said barrier layer of at least two adjacent print head dice and an upper portion comprised between the lateral sides of said nozzle plate of said at least two adjacent print head dice, and applying an adhesive composition in an amount able to substantially fill the whole length of said at least one first channel portion.

Abstract: An ink jet print head is provided which is highly reliable in recovering its performance by removing bubbles accumulated in the ink paths to reliably prevent print quality degradations in bi-directional printing. In the ink ejection member having an odd number of arrayed ink supply ports to supply ink to the ejection openings, the ink colors of the ink supply ports are arranged laterally symmetrically and a plurality of ink tanks are arranged side by side so that the direction of array of the ink supply ports is perpendicular to the direction of array of the ink tanks.

Abstract: A scalable expandable spray ink printer machine for use with paper roll stock is disclosed. A series of three or four print heads are place serially in proximity to paper stock. The configuration of the cylindrical print head allows the heads to be expanded for printing on wider paper stock. The print heads include a combination of fixed, turning and sliding components to align or block ink flow from the print ink reservoir. The printer is in fixed position perpendicular to the travel direction and rotates internally on an axis parallel to the paper or media to be printed. The print head is sectional and lengthwise expandable in fixed unit lengths. The printing machine is ideally suited for advertising or other elongated print media. Due to the use of standard paper, roll stock and speed of the printing, signs can be printed on demand and displayed in real-time.

Abstract: A printhead 380 for use in camera photo-printing, the printhead 380 including a plurality of segments 381, each of the plurality of segments 381 including a plurality of nozzles, the plurality of nozzles being grouped, where nozzles of a particular group share an ink reservoir.

Abstract: Fluid ejection actuators, micro-fluid ejection heads, and methods relating thereto. One such fluid ejection actuator is provided by a conductive layer adjacent a substrate. The conductive layer has a substantially non-conductive portion. The substantially non-conductive portion includes a portion of the conductive layer which has been treated to have low conductivity properties. A resistive layer is adjacent the conductive layer. The substantially non-conductive portion of the conductive layer substantially defines the fluid ejection actuator.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head is arranged in a manner that in the cross section of a discharge port in a liquid discharge direction, the discharge port includes: at least one projection that is convex inside the discharge port; a first area, for holding a liquid surface connecting a pillar-shaped liquid that is elongated outside the discharge port; and second areas where a fluid resistance is lower than that in the first area so as to pull the liquid in the discharge port in a direction opposite to the liquid discharge direction; and the first area is formed in the direction in which the projection is convex, and the second areas are formed on both sides of the projection.

Abstract: A method is for heating a functional liquid of a droplet discharging device that has a storage which houses a container storing a functional liquid containing a functional material; a droplet discharge head discharging the functional liquid in a droplet; a cooling means included to the storage and cooling the functional liquid; and a supply tube supplying the functional liquid that is cooled in the storage to the droplet discharge head. The method includes: heating the functional liquid in the supply tube with waste heat that is generated correspondingly to cooling of the cooling means.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head including: a head main body including: a cavity unit including a passage forming base plate forming a liquid passage from a common liquid chamber to a nozzle opening via a pressure chamber; and a pressure generating source generating a change of pressure of liquid in the pressure chamber to eject the liquid in the pressure chamber as a liquid droplet from the nozzle opening; and a case member to which the head main body is attached and which includes: a first member provided with a first atmosphere opening passage; and a second member laminated on the first member and provided with a second atmosphere opening passage, wherein the first and second atmosphere opening passages communicate with each other under the laminated state and are opened to atmosphere.

Abstract: Surfaces of second substrates of head members at the sides opposite to adhesion surfaces with first substrates face each other, the pair of head members is fixed to each other with a sealed space interposed between the surfaces of the second substrates at the sides opposite to the adhesion surfaces with the first substrates, and a solution treatment is performed with respect to the pair of head members fixed

Abstract: A punching apparatus forms a hole at a bottom portion of each of recesses which are formed in a metal plate in advance and arrayed in a first direction. A female die supports the metal plate. A male die is opposed to the recess and provided with a punch array in which a plurality of punches in the first direction. The male die is movable in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction to form the hole with each of the punches. The punches include first punches each having a distal end face which is slant in the second direction. A slant angle of the distal end face corresponds to a warp of the plate member due to the formation of the recesses.

Abstract: A modular printhead assembly includes a substrate member. A plurality of printhead modules is fastened to the substrate member. Each printhead module includes a layered structure through which at least differently colored inks are fed. The layered structure has at least a lower layer, a middle layer and a top layer, with the lower layer defining a number of channels in fluid communication with respective ink supplies, the middle layer defining a number of openings in fluid communication with the channels, and the top layer defining a number of channels on a bottom side and openings in a top side in fluid communication with the channels. A micro-electromechanical printhead integrated circuit is mounted on the layered structure. The printhead integrated circuit has a plurality of micro-electromechanical nozzles arranged on a silicon layer. The silicon layer defines a plurality of ink channels for feeding ink to the nozzles, the openings in the top layer being substantially aligned with the ink channels.

Abstract: An ink jet recording head comprises a substrate including a discharge port forming member provided with discharge ports for discharging ink, and a flow path forming member for forming an ink flow path communicating to the discharge ports, wherein at least one of the flow path forming member and the discharge port forming member contains a material having fluorine atoms, a supply path used to supply ink to a supply hole, a support member supporting the substrate, a supply path forming member for forming a part of the supply path, and a rubber member provided between the support member and the supply path forming member and forming a part of the supply path. The supply path forming member or the rubber member contains a material containing bivalent metal, and the rubber member contains a compound providing counter ions to the bivalent metal.

Abstract: To provide an active energy ray curable aqueous ink composition exhibiting excellent curing performance by including a water-soluble polymerizable substance with high reactivity and a water-soluble polymerization initiator having high initiation efficiency; and an inkjet recording method, ink cartridge, recording unit, and inkjet recording apparatus all using the active energy ray curable aqueous ink composition. The active energy ray curable aqueous ink composition includes at least water; a polymerizable substance which undergoes radical polymerization by active energy rays; and a polymerization initiator which generates radicals by active energy rays, in which the polymerizable substance is a water-soluble compound having 2 to 6 (meth)acrylic groups; and the polymerization initiator is a water-soluble acylphosphine oxide compound.

Abstract: A pagewidth printhead assembly for an inkjet printer that has a body portion for receiving ink from one or more ink sources and having one or more channels formed therein for distributing the ink substantially along the length of the printhead assembly, and one or more integrated circuits extending substantially the length of the printhead assembly. The or each integrated circuit has a plurality of nozzles, each being arranged in use to deliver the ink onto passing print media. The assembly also has an ink distribution member upon which the or each integrated circuit is fixed and which distributes the ink from the body portion to each of the integrated circuits. The ink distribution member is a unitary element having a plurality of conduits formed therethrough. Each of the conduits having an inlet which receives ink from one of the channels of the body portion and an outlet which delivers the ink to a predetermined number of nozzles of the one or more integrated circuits.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a monolithic thermal ink jet printhead (40) comprising a plurality of chambers (74) and of nozzles (56), comprises steps of (206) depositing a plurality of sacrificial layers (31), of obtaining, by means of exposure and development operations, a plurality of casts (156), of (215) applying a structural layer (107), and subsequently steps of (225) removing the casts (156) and of (226) removing the sacrificial layers (31), in order to produce a plurality of chambers (74) and nozzles (56).

Abstract: A continuous printing apparatus includes a printhead including a first row of nozzles and a second row of nozzles. The first row of nozzles are spaced apart from the second row of nozzles by a distance A. The nozzles of the first row and the nozzles of the second row have a nozzle to nozzle spacing B when compared to each other. The apparatus includes a plurality of charging electrodes with one of the plurality of charging electrodes corresponding to each of the nozzles of the first row and the second row, wherein A?B/2. The apparatus can include a first deflection electrode and a second deflection electrode with the first deflection electrode being spaced apart from the second deflection electrode by a distance D, wherein D>A.