Abstract: An apparatus generates an image file including a first region storing a plurality of instances of image data and a second region storing metadata. The metadata includes group information that groups image data shot synchronously with respect to time, the group information indicating image data belonging to a group, and indicator information that indicates an indicator of grouping for the group. The apparatus sets a reference indicating whether the image data has been shot synchronously with respect to time, determines whether the image data has been shot synchronously with respect to time, configures the group information grouping the image data to have been shot synchronously with respect to time, configures the indicator information including at least information of the reference, and generates the file storing the plurality of instances of image data, the group information, and the indicator information.

Abstract: A pixel drive circuit, a display device and a driving method. The pixel drive circuit, the display device and the driving method can effectively compensate for the problem of poor panel uniformity caused by the resistance drop and improve the uniformity of the panel.

Abstract: A method and system for selecting a sub-band in a television white space frequency band may include configuring an antenna matching circuit based on the selected sub-band and configuring a bandpass filter based on the selected sub-band. The method may include receiving a first signal through a radio-frequency path including the antenna matching circuit and not including the bandpass filter, measuring a parameter of received first signal, and determining whether the selected sub-band is usable based on the measured parameter of the received first signal. The method may include receiving a second signal through radio-frequency path including the antenna matching circuit and the bandpass filter, measuring a parameter of the received second signal, and determining whether the selected sub-band is usable based on the measured parameter of the received second signal.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus includes a pulse signal producing section configured to produce image creating signals for image formation in response to image data by using an image processing clock corresponding to each pixel of the image data; a measuring section configured to measure a difference between an actual value and an ideal value of a signal width of the image creating signal at the time of measurement; and a processing section configured to correct the image data so as to cancel the difference at the time of an actual action.

Abstract: Systems and methods for processing image signals are described. One method comprises obtaining a generator signal based on an image signal and determining relative latencies associated with two or more pulses in a pulsed signal using a function of the generator signal that can comprise a logarithmic function. The function of the generator signal can be the absolute value of its argument. Information can be encoded in the pattern of relative latencies. Latencies can be determined using a scaling parameter that is calculated from a history of the image signal. The pulsed signal is typically received from a plurality of channels and the scaling parameter corresponds to at least one of the channels. The scaling parameter may be adaptively calculated such that the latency of the next pulse falls within one or more of a desired interval and an optimal interval.

Abstract: In a wireless communication system including a source device for wirelessly transmitting a video signal, and a sink device for receiving the wirelessly transmitted video signal and displaying the received video signal on a display, the sink device reads out EDID information from a ROM and wirelessly transmits a wireless data signal including the EDID information to the source device. The source device wirelessly receives the wireless data signal including the EDID information and wirelessly transmitted from the sink device, and wirelessly transmits the video signal to the sink device based on the EDID information.

Abstract: An implementation provides a transmitter that separates sequential portions of data in a first set of data by time intervals allowing a power saving mode (1005). The transmitter transmits the sequential portions of data separated by respective time intervals having lengths configured to allow a receiver to enter and exit a power saving mode between receiving sequentially transmitted portions of data from the first set of data (1010). The transmitter separates sequential portions of data in a second set by time intervals that are not of sufficient length to allow a receiver to enter and exit a power saving mode during the time intervals (1015). The second set of data is then transmitted (1020).

Abstract: A method for modulating a video signal. Frames of a plurality of frames are selected for modulation. A first magnitude alternation pattern is designated for each of a first area of a field of the selected frames. A second magnitude alternation pattern is designated for each of a second area of the field of the selected frames. The intensity of a plurality of pixels of a plurality of scan lines of the field of the selected frames is altered as designated by either the first magnitude alternation pattern or the second magnitude alternation pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed is an automatic video gain control circuit, which includes an analog to digital converter, an envelope detector and an extreme value detector. The analog to digital converter converts an analog video signal to a digital video signal. The envelope detector detects a baseband amplitude signal according to the digital video signal. The extreme value detector generates an extreme value to control RF signal gain.

Abstract: A method and a device for encoding the video level of a pixel of a picture into a subfield code word in a display device using a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technology and subfields for displaying video picture. The bits of the subfield code word are computed recursively one after the other from the bit having the most significant weight to the bit having the least significant weight. In determining the state of a bit of the subfield code word, a first threshold and a second threshold is associated with the bit, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold, and the video level to be encoded by this bit and its following bits in the subfield code word are compared to the first and second thresholds. A state is allocated to the bit based on the comparison.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for defeating copy protection signals in a video signal, and also for providing copy protection signals for a video signal, is disclosed. The defeat technique generally utilizes a particular pulse position shifting, modulation, etc., of AGC, normal sync and/or pseudo sync pulses to increase the separation between the pulses. Various embodiments are disclosed including selective shifting of the relative positions of either the sync/pseudo sync or AGC pulses, trimming portions of the sync/pseudo sync and/or the AGC pulses and narrowing of either the sync/pseudo sync and/or the AGC pulses, all to provide the selective position separation between the sync/pseudo sync and AGC pulses.

Abstract: An image producing system (1400) delivers images (1414) having reduced speckle by employing one or more drive circuits (1404, 1405, 1406) that deliver both a direct current drive signal (205) and an alternating current drive signal (405) to one or more lasers (1401, 1402, 1403). Specifically, an alternating current drive circuit (403) is used in conjunction with a direct current drive circuit (203) to modulate a drive signal. The modulation can be at a frequency of between 400 MHz and 600 MHz. When lasers, such as the red laser (1401) or the blue laser (1403) of a multi-laser system are modulated in such a fashion, their emitted spectral widths (407) greatly expand, thereby reducing speckle in projected images (1414).

Abstract: An electronic system includes a signal processor, a control signal generator, and an I/O interface. The signal processor has a first output signal and the first output signal is characterized by at least a first property and a second property. The control signal generator is configured to produce first and second control signals in accordance with the first and second properties of the first output signal, respectively. The I/O interface is configured to couple at least the first and second control signals to an output device. In some embodiments, the first output signal is a pulse width modulated signal having a software-specified pulse width and a software-specified repeat frequency. In some embodiments, the first property of the first output signal is the signal's duty cycle and the second property is the signal's frequency.

Abstract: The invention enables the transmission of continuous complex numbers using a symbol based transmission scheme such as OFDM. Accordingly, complex numbers are mapped to the constellation map, enabling a fine granularity of constellation points. This scheme may be used, for example, in the transmission of video where the coefficients representing the higher frequency of each of the video components, as well as the quantization error values of the DC and near DC components, or some, possibly non-linear transformation thereof, are sent as pairs of real and imaginary portions of a complex number that comprises a symbol.

Abstract: A system for and a method of synchronous acquisition of pulsed source light performs monitoring of aircraft flight operation. Diode sources of illumination (18, 108, 208) are pulsed (16, 106, 206) at one-half the video frame rate of an imaging camera (36, 136, 236). Alternate frames view the world-scene with lights of interest pulsed on, and then off, respectively. Video differencing (34, 134, 234) eliminates the background scene, as well as all lights not of interest. Suitable threshholding over a resulting array of camera pixel-differences acquires the desired lights and represents them as point symbology on a display (40, 140, 240). In an enhanced vision landing system embodiment, the desired lights (symbols) overlay or are fused on a thermal image of the scene; alternatively, the symbols overlay a visible scene (TV) image.

Abstract: A method for modulating a video signal. Frames are selected from a plurality of frames for modulation. Intensity of a plurality of pixels of a plurality of scan lines of a field of the selected frames is altered according to at least one pattern or as designated by an adjustment.

Abstract: A method for modulating a video signal. Frames of a plurality of frames are selected for modulation. A first magnitude alternation pattern is designated for each of a first area of a field of the selected frames. A second magnitude alternation pattern is designated for each of a second area of the field of the selected frames. The intensity of a plurality of pixels of a plurality of scan lines of the field of the selected frames is altered as designated by either the first magnitude alternation pattern or the second magnitude alternation pattern.

Abstract: An implementation provides a transmitter that separates sequential portions of data in a first set of data by time intervals allowing a power saving mode (1005). The transmitter transmits the sequential portions of data separated by respective time intervals having lengths configured to allow a receiver to enter and exit a power saving mode between receiving sequentially transmitted portions of data from the first set of data (1010). The transmitter separates sequential portions of data in a second set by time intervals that are not of sufficient length to allow a receiver to enter and exit a power saving mode during the time intervals (1015). The second set of data is then transmitted (1020).

Abstract: A multiple ROI (region of interest) setting method and apparatus in scalable video coding and an ROI reconstructing method and apparatus are provided. The multiple ROI setting apparatus includes: an ROI setting unit which sets at least one or more ROIs and allocates ROI identification numbers to the each of ROIs; a mapping unit which allocates at least one or more slice group identification numbers to the at least one or more ROI identification numbers; and a message generating unit which generates a message including ROI-associated information, slice-group-associated information, mapping information on mapping of the ROI identification number to the at least one or more slice group identification numbers, and scalability information.

Abstract: A method of transferring encoded data and an imaging device executing the method thereof are disclosed. The method of transferring encoded data in accordance with the present invention converts a valid data enable signal to a high or low state, in case JPEG encoded data to be outputted to a receiving part includes start information for one frame, and then maintains the high or low state of the valid data enable signal until the JPEG encoded data to be outputted to the receiving part includes end information for one frame. Therefore, it becomes possible to increase the process efficiency of the back-end chip and to reduce the power consumption.

Abstract: A memory system uses multiple pulse amplitude modulation (multi-PAM) output drivers and receivers to send and receive multi-PAM sigsnals. A multi-PAM signal has more than two voltage levels, with each data interval now transmitting a “symbol” at one of the valid voltage levels. In one embodiment, a symbol represents two or more bits. The multi-PAM output driver drives an output symbol onto a signal line. The output symbol represents at least two bits that include a most significant bit (MSB) and a least significant bit (LSB). The multi-PAM receiver receives the output symbol from the signal line and determines the MSB and the LSB.

Abstract: A video signal processor reduces the deterioration of image quality due to the superposition of noise on a sync signal included in a luminance signal. A frequency discriminator outputs a first error signal if a ratio of the frequency of a frequency-modulated signal during a sync-signal interval to the frequency of a reference frequency signal is smaller than a predetermined ratio. Alternatively, the discriminator outputs a second error signal if the ratio is greater than the predetermined ratio. If the first error signal has been input to a frequency controller a preset number of times or more during an interval before the second error signal is input thereto, the controller instructs a frequency modulator to increase the frequency of the frequency-modulated signal.

Abstract: A digital television signal receiver includes a bin amplitude comparator for symbol decoding and match filtering to recover data synchronizing information from selected bin amplitude comparator responses generated during data slicing. The bin amplitude comparator concurrently supplies bin occupancy results for an amplitude slice including a value +S and for an amplitude slice including a value −S, which values +S and −S define the positive and negative excursions respectively of a binary data synchronization signal, current bin occupancy results being grouped together as two-parallel-bit serial input signal to a shift register clocked at symbol rate. Match filtering to detect data segment synchronization symbol code sequences is provided in accordance with an aspect of the invention by an AND gate supplied bits from selected storage locations in the shift register as wired input signals.

Abstract: A circuit for discriminating between received signals and a method therefor are provided. The circuit includes a detector for detecting a peak signal based on the degree of correlation between a received signal and a reference signal and a generator for generating a discrimination signal showing that the received signal is a high definition signal if the peak signal is detected in a predetermined period and showing that the received signal is a signal of an analog broadcasting method if the peak signal is not detected in the predetermined period. This can prevent the improper operation of a receiver by automatically determining whether the received signal according to a channel selection is a high definition digital signal or an analog broadcast signal.

Abstract: The data field synchronization segment as symbol coded for VSB transmission comprises pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence information that can be detected in a QAM/VSB DTV signal receiver using an envelope detector responsive to final intermediate-frequency signal and a match filter for responsive to the PN sequence information appearing in the envelope detector response. The envelope detector response to QAM transmission does not contain the PN sequence information detected by the match filter. A threshold detector is used for determining whether the match filter response is of sufficient energy to indicate occurrence in a received DTV signal of the PN sequence information in the data field synchronization segment of a VSB DTV transmission. Timed latch circuitry is used for latching the indication for a period of time longer than at least one DTV data field.

Abstract: A digital television signal receiver includes a bin amplitude comparator for symbol decoding and match filtering to recover data synchronizing information from selected bin amplitude comparator responses generated during data slicing. The bin amplitude comparator concurrently supplies bin occupancy results for an amplitude slice including a value +S and for an amplitude slice including a value −S, which values +S and −S define the positive and negative excursions respectively of a binary data synchronization signal, current bin occupancy results being grouped together as two-parallel-bit serial input signal to a shift register clocked at symbol rate. Match filtering to detect data segment synchronization symbol code sequences is provided in accordance with an aspect of the invention by an AND gate supplied bits from selected storage locations in the shift register as wired input signals.

Abstract: A digital television transmitting system is presented having a recovery circuit for recovering non-return to zero (NRZ) data pulses and transport clock pulses from a biphase-mark serial data pulse stream and wherein the recovered NRZ data pulses and the recovered transport clock pulses are applied to modulation and amplifying circuits for broadcasting by an antenna. The recovery circuit includes a first circuit for receiving the biphase-mark serial pulse stream and providing therefrom a train of first clock pulses wherein the rising edge of each the biphase-mark pulse corresponds with a rising edge of one of the first clock pulses. A second circuit receives the biphase-mark serial data pulses and the first clock pulses for providing therefrom a train of de-serialized data pulses each having a rising edge corresponding with a rising edge of one of the first clock pulses.

Abstract: A video control circuit controls the gains for red(R), green(G), and blue(B) color video signals inputted to a monitor, the brightness and contrast of a video display on the monitor, and the bias of a cathode ray tube within the monitor. A microcomputer outputs, in an I2C manner, data for a control signal for controlling contrast, brightness, gain and/or bias. The data are inputted to an I2C data process/PWM signal generation section which converts the data to PWM signal outputs. Rectification sections rectify the PWM signal outputs to provide contrast, brightness, gain and cutoff voltage signals. Only two output terminals of the microcomputer are employed for outputting a clock signal and the data for the control signal so as to control contrast, brightness, gain and bias control signals according to output signals of the variable resistors VR11 and VR12 and a bias/grain control section. A clock signal is generated by the microcomputer in synchronization with the data DATA.

Abstract: For preparation of sampled values represented as two's complements, a two's complement clipping of the least significant bits(LSB) occurs. In place of the removed bits (LSB), the synchronization information (s(k)) is added with an average value depending on the quantization step. No dominant spectral lines for frequencies f greater than zero are permitted to occur in the useful spectrum for this synchronization information. Errors which are caused by removal of the least significant bits and by addition of the synchronization information are largely compensated by these features.

Abstract: A method for expanding pulse width modulation sequences that control a display system to adapt to varying video frame times. A minimal amount of extra circuitry (10) is provided that regulates a sequencer (26). After calculating the appropriate expansion factor needed to stretch a base sequence, the system control circuit (22) sends that information to the circuitry (10). The circuitry (10) includes a counter (14) that repetitively counts down a number of clock cycles and causes the clock to drop a cycle. This dropping of clock cycles causes the sequence time to be expanded, as it takes the system longer to reach the necessary number of clock cycles that determine a sequence. Several base pulse width modulation sequences could be stored in memory, each of which can be used for a range of frame times, eliminating the need for one sequence for every possible variation in the frame time.

Abstract: A digital signal transmission system is provided which minimizes the AM signal envelope distortion caused by multiple digitally modulated carriers in the same band as the AM signal. The system transmits an amplitude modulated signal. Digital carriers for the digital signal are placed both above and below the frequency of the analog AM carrier. Certain digital carriers that are above the frequency of the analog AM carrier have an associated digital carrier that is at an equal frequency offset below the analog AM carrier. The data and modulation placed on the upper digital carrier and its counterpart are such that the signal resulting from their addition has no component that is in-phase with the analog AM carrier. The signal envelope is predistorted to counteract the distortion added by the digital carriers.

Abstract: An ATV system encodes variable length elementary streams of data into a multilevel symbol signal comprising a plurality of multiplexed fixed length data packets without sync information. The fixed length data packets are arranged in fields of repetitive data segments, each of which includes a data segment sync and each field of which includes a field sync. The fields of data segments are transmitted as suppressed carrier VSB modulation. In an ATV receiver, the data segment sync is used to generate a timing signal that identifies the beginning of each fixed length data packet. In one embodiment, a packet sync signal is inserted into each recovered fixed length data packet for recovering the elementary streams of data. In another embodiment, recovery of the elementary streams of data is accomplished without inserting a packet sync signal.

Abstract: A wide variety of services both narrow band and broad band are provided to wireless stations both fixed and mobile by a flexible intelligent ATM base station. Such a base station provides two-way integrated voice, wireless date, wireless multimedia, and compressed video services to a wireless subscriber using different narrow band and wide band Common Air Interfaces (CAI). Uplink service includes narrow band signaling and bearer information signaling. By having a single base station perform these services, the number of station sites, required for a given level of service, may be significantly reduced and the spectrum utilization may be significantly increased.

Abstract: A digital video field identification system includes video signals formatted in blocks of video symbols in repetitive data segments with each data segment including a synchronizing signal character. One data segment includes a field timing signal. A reference data segment which includes a reference field timing signal is developed at the receiver. A portion of each data segment is compared with the reference field timing signal and the number of symbol errors is accumulated for each data segment. The data segment exhibiting the least number of symbol errors is identified as the one having the field timing signal. A confidence counter stabilizes the identification of the one data segment. For terrestrial transmission, the video signals are precoded in modulo N form to enable NTSC co-channel interference rejection in the receiver by a linear filter.

Abstract: A digital signal proces sing system for receiving and processing a high definition television signal, eg., in a Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) format, includes a filter for rejecting interferer signals such as a narrowband continuous wave NTSC co-channel interferer. In an illustrated embodiment the rejection filter is a digital FIR filter (18) located after a (de)rotator (16) in a carrier recovery network (16, 20, 24, 26, 28). The filter exhibits a zero throughput delay bandpass response with attenuation notches for rejecting NTSC co-channel picture and chrominance baseband carrier frequencies.

Abstract: A digital data transmission system includes data signals formatted in successive fields consisting of blocks of video symbols in repetitive data segments with each data segment including a synchronizing signal character for providing data segment sync. The first data segment in each field includes a field timing signal that provides field sync. The digital data is in the form of M-level symbols and the sync information (both data segment and field) is in the form of N-level symbols, where M is greater than N.

Abstract: A digital television signal includes data sent as multilevel symbols in successive data segments each including a synchronizing sync character. The detected synchronizing sync character produces a characteristic having two opposite polarity levels separated by a zero reference level, with the levels occurring at successive sampling points of the television signal, and a detection signal that has a peak occurring in time coincidence with the zero reference level. The detection signal controls sampling of the received television signal. The gain of the received signal is controlled by an AGC circuit that also responds to the detection signal.

Abstract: A modulation scheme for HDTV, for example, uses a concatenated code comprised of a Reed-Solomon coder followed by an N-dimensional trellis coder whose N-dimensional output symbols with N>1, are used to modulate a one-dimensional vestigial sideband modulator. Specifically, each N-dimensional symbol is a sequence of N one-dimensional signal points--specifically signal points of a one-dimensional VSB constellation.

Abstract: Encoded blocks of video information are selected for transmission at a plurality of channel rates based on the corresponding location of the portions of the video image represented by the encoded blocks. Each encoded block is designated an image type which determines its transmitted channel rate. The image types are associated with spatial positions of a video image such that encoded blocks within a first area of the video image are designated a first image type and encoded blocks within a second area of the image are designated a second image type. In general, data blocks representing the central portion of the video image are transmitted at a channel rate having less susceptibility to noise or other degradation, thereby ensuring that such portion can be received in fringe areas.

Abstract: An assembler and splitter of a Weston PAL (W-PAL) video signal has filter functions F.sub.1, F.sub.2 at the assembler for the luminance and chrominance components and corresponding functions F.sub.3, F.sub.4 at the splitter. The transfer functions are defined as F.sub.1 =(L.sub.2 +L.sub.1)/2+(L.sub.2 -L.sub.1)z-.sup.1 /2, F.sub.2 =-(H.sub.1 -H.sub.2)/2+(H.sub.1 +H.sub.2)z.sup.-1 /2, F.sub.3 =(L2-L.sub.1)/2+(L.sub.2 +L.sub.1)z.sup.-1 /2, F.sub.4 =(H.sub.1 +H2)/2-(H.sub.1 -H.sub.2)z.sup.-1 /2 and wherein H.sub.1 (f)=L.sub.2 (2fsc-f) and H.sub.2 (f)=L.sub.1 (2fsc-f). Thus the filters are non-sharp cut and are compatible with normal PAL.

Abstract: A system for and a method of synchronous acquisition of pulsed source light performs monitoring of aircraft flight operation. Diode sources of illumination (18, 108, 208) are pulsed (16, 106, 206) at one-half the video frame rate of an imaging camera (36, 136, 236). Alternate frames view the world-scene with lights of interest pulsed on, and then off, respectively. Video differencing (34, 134, 234) eliminates the background scene, as well as all lights not of interest. Suitable threshholding over a resulting array of camera pixel-differences acquires the desired lights and represents them as point symbology on a display (40, 140, 240). In an enhanced vision landing system embodiment, the desired lights (symbols) overlay or are fused on a thermal image of the scene; alternatively, the symbols overlay a visible scene (TV) image.

Abstract: A system for and a method of synchronous acquisition of pulsed source light performs monitoring of aircraft flight operation. Diode sources of illumination (18, 108, 208) are pulsed (16, 106, 206) at one-half the video frame rate of an imaging camera (36, 136, 236). Alternate frames view the world-scene with lights of interest pulsed on, and then off, respectively. Video differencing (34, 134, 234) eliminates the background scene, as well as all lights not of interest. Suitable threshholding over a resulting array of camera pixel-differences acquires the desired lights and represents them as point symbology on a display (40, 140, 240). In an enhanced vision landing system embodiment, the desired lights (symbols) overlay or are fused on a thermal image of the scene; alternatively, the symbols overlay a visible scene (TV) image.