Abstract: Described herein are techniques related to re-use of filter parameters, and particularly Sample Adaptive Offset (SAO) parameters, of a lower-layer bitstream or a coded enhancement layer bitstream for coding enhancement layer bitstream in a scalable video encoding.

Abstract: Improved methods and apparatuses are provided for switching of streaming data bitstreams, such as, for example, used in video streaming and other related applications. Some desired functionalities provided herein include random access, fast forward and fast backward, error-resilience and bandwidth adaptation. The improved methods and apparatuses can be configured to increase coding efficiency of and/or reduce the amount of data needed to encode a switching bitstream.

Abstract: A system and method for signaling low-to-high layer switching points in a file format level to enable efficient scalable stream switching in streaming servers and local file playback. The present invention also provides for a system and method for signaling low-to-high layer switching points in video bit stream, e.g., to enable intelligent forwarding of scalability layers in media-aware network elements or computationally scalable decoding in stream recipients.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, at a computing device, a first selection of first video content. The method also includes sending the first video content to a display device. The method further includes adding a first element corresponding to the first video content to a list. The list includes multiple elements and each element of the list corresponds to respective previously displayed video content. The method includes sending the list to the display device. The elements of the list are ordered based on display times of the corresponding video content.

Abstract: An HDMI® source determines whether or not an HDMI® sink can receive a sub-signal based on VSDB of E-EDID. When the HDMI® sink can receive the sub-signal, the HDMI® source adds a sub-signal to pixel data of a main image composed of pixel data whose number of bits is smaller than that of transmission pixel data transmitted by a transmitter, thereby constructing transmission pixel data. This data is transmitted by the transmitter through TMDS channels #0 to #2. Furthermore, the HDMI® source transmits a general control packet containing sub-signal information indicating whether or not the sub-signal is contained in the transmission pixel data in the control period of a vertical blanking period. The present invention can be applied to, for example, HDMI®.

Abstract: An HDMI® source determines whether or not an HDMI® sink can receive a sub-signal based on VSDB of E-EDID. When the HDMI® sink can receive the sub-signal, the HDMI® source adds a sub-signal to pixel data of a main image composed of pixel data whose number of bits is smaller than that of transmission pixel data transmitted by a transmitter, thereby constructing transmission pixel data. This data is transmitted by the transmitter through TMDS channels #0 to #2. Furthermore, the HDMI® source transmits a general control packet containing sub-signal information indicating whether or not the sub-signal is contained in the transmission pixel data in the control period of a vertical blanking period. The present invention can be applied to, for example, HDMI®.

Abstract: The present invention relates to video provided over one or more networks. Methods and systems for providing, playing, and/or editing video having multiple tracks of timed text are provided in different embodiments of the present invention.

Abstract: Video data signals are encoded such that the encoded video data signal includes at least a primary and at least a secondary video data signal. The primary and secondary video data signals are jointly compressed. The primary video data signal is compressed in a self-contained manner, and the secondary video data signal is compressed using data from the primary video data signal. The jointly compressed video data signal is split into separate bitstreams, at least a primary bitstream including data for the primary video data signal and at least a secondary bitstream including data for the secondary video data signal. The primary and secondary bitstreams are multiplexed into a multiplexed signal, and the primary and secondary signals are provided with separate codes.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for digital television demodulation, comprising using adjacent-channel power dependent automatic gain control (AGC) for the digital television demodulation, wherein an AGC technique takes into account a total power as well as power of adjacent channels to control gain of a gain control amplifier.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to systems and methods of navigating previously viewed channels. In a particular embodiment, a method may include maintaining a channel list in a memory, the channel list comprising multiple previously viewed channels. The method may also include receiving a first signal to select a first selected channel in the channel list. The method may also include tuning a channel tuner to the first selected channel.

Abstract: A microform imaging apparatus comprising a chassis including a microform media support structure configured to support a microform media within a plane substantially orthogonal to a first optical axis, a fold mirror supported along the first optical axis to reflect light along a second optical axis that is angled with respect to the first optical axis, a lens supported along one of the first and second optical axis, an area sensor supported along the second optical axis, a first adjuster for moving the area sensor along at least a portion of the second optical axis and a second adjuster for moving the lens along at least a portion of the one of the first and second optical axis.

Abstract: A digital microform imaging apparatus which includes an approximately monochromatic illumination source transmitting an incident light through a diffuse window along a first optical axis of the apparatus. A microform media support is configured to support a microform media after the diffuse window and along the first optical axis. An approximately 45 degree fold mirror reflects the incident light transmitted through the microform media approximately 90 degrees along a second optical axis. An imaging subsystem includes a lens connected to a first carriage which is linearly adjustable approximately parallel with the second optical axis, and an area sensor connected to a second carriage which is linearly adjustable approximately parallel with the second optical axis.

Abstract: A system implementing a method for multi-band wireless communication packetizes a block of source video information into a first packet, and packetizes the block of source video information into a second packet corresponding to the first packet, wherein the first packet and the second packet include corresponding video information. The first packet and the second packet are transmitted from a transmitting multi-band wireless station comprising a first radio for communication over a first wireless band, and a second radio for communication over a second wireless band. The first packet is transmitted over the first wireless band and the second packet is transmitted over the second wireless band. The first wireless band operates at a higher transmission rate than the second wireless band. A multi-band receiving wireless station reconstructs the source video based on packets arriving on different bands.

Abstract: A retransmission apparatus using an IP multicasting method for a DMB service including a plurality (n) of radio frequency (RF) receivers, each for receiving a DMB RF signal of a corresponding channel, a plurality (n) of DMB decoders, each for outputting a transport stream (TS) by decoding the DMB RF signal received from a corresponding RF receiver, a plurality (n) of slicers, each for processing the TS input from a corresponding DMB decoder; a plurality (n) of network interfacers, each for IP packetizing the TS sliced by a corresponding slicer; a network switch for receiving the IP packets from the plurality (n) of network interfacers, transferring the received IP packets to a multicasting processing unit, and receiving multicasting data from the multicasting processing unit, and the multicasting processing unit for receiving the IP packets from the network switch, creating a single piece of multicasting data by assigning multicasting addresses to the received IP packets, and outputting the created multicasti

Abstract: A VSB communication system or transmitter for processing supplemental data packets with MPEG-II data packets includes a VSB supplemental data processor and a VSB transmission system. The VSB supplemental data processor includes a Reed-Solomon coder for coding the supplemental data to be transmitted, a null sequence inserter for inserting a null sequence to an interleaved supplemental data for generating a predefined sequence, a header inserter for inserting an MPEG header to the supplemental data having the null sequence inserted therein, a multiplexer for multiplexing an MPEG data coded with the supplemental data having the MPEG header added thereto in a preset multiplexing ratio and units. The output of the multiplexer is provided to an 8T-VSB transmission system for modulating a data field from the multiplexer and transmitting the modulated data field to a VSB reception system.

Abstract: A filter-combiner for combining television signals from adjacent channels. The combiner has two inputs that respectively receive first and second TV signals from different channels, and provides a combined output signal at an output of the combiner. The combiner includes a circulator having at least three ports, including first and second input ports and an output port serving as the combiner output. The combiner has sharp tuned filtering means interposed between the combiner input and the first input of the circulator tuned to pass the first signal while reflecting substantially all of the second signal. The second port of the circulator receives the second signal and supplies same to the filter where it is reflected back into the second port and exits from the circulator along with the first signal at the output port as the combined output signal.

Abstract: A filter-combiner for combining television signals from adjacent channels is presented herein. The combiner has two inputs that respectively receive an NTSC combined visual and aural signal and a DTV signal wherein the NTSC signal and the DTV signal are in adjacent channels. The DTV signal is of greater frequency than the NTSC signal. A combined output signal is provided at an output of the combiner. The combiner has sharp tuned filtering interposed between the inputs and the output and tuned to pass the DTV signal while reflecting the NTSC signal such that the passed DTV signal and the reflected NTSC signal combine as the combined output signal.

Abstract: A signal mutiplexer that combines the NTSC and DTV signals of adjacent television channels into a composite signal for transmission on a common transmission line or wave guide. Separate hybrid couplers and band pass filters produce quadrature phase signals that are combined in a signal combiner to produce a pair of quadrature phase multiplexed signals. A notch filter reflects the aural component of the NTSC signal. An output hybrid coupler combines the pair of multiplexed quadrature phase signals with the reflected aural component to produce the composite signal.

Abstract: Television signals from adjacent channels are broadcast with a common antenna. First television signals from a first channel are selected from a first frequency band including a plurality of channels. Second television signals from a second channel in the first frequency band are selected and wherein the second channel is adjacent to the first channel. The first and second signals are combined to provide a first combined signal and a second combined signal which are applied to a common antenna.

Abstract: A Personal TV System receives a plurality of video segments constituting a TV program and information describing each segment, and controls the display of the segments to a viewer in accordance with preferences of the viewer and with the description of each segment. Segments may be omitted or replaced with substitute segments. The viewer may review his preferences and edit or replace them. In a multi-viewer household, the system may prompt a viewer to confirm her preferences. A TV program may contain interactive segments, and when the viewer chooses to interact with a particular segment, the system automatically stores all subsequently received segments for later viewing while the viewer interacts with the selected segment. The system may present TV program choices to the viewer selected and arranged in accordance with her preferences.

Abstract: In one embodiment, there is provided a method for operating a decoder. The method comprises receiving, on a first channel, an electronic program guide data stream comprising multiple video streams which have been encoded and multiplexed for transmission on the first channel, each video stream comprising a low resolution version of a high resolution video stream which is being simultaneously received on a separate channel; decoding the electronic program guide data stream into frames, each frame defining a mosaic-style image comprising image areas for images in the electronic program guide data stream corresponding to images from each of the multiple video streams; and displaying each of the frames on a display screen coupled to the decoder.

Abstract: A carousel having multiple instances of at least one data or object module. The carousel may be encapsulated into a transmission, such as an MPEG-2 transport stream, for periodic transmission to a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus of recording a multi-channel data stream on a recording medium in such a manner that substreams of digital channels constituting the multi-channel data stream can be distinguished each other in reproduction. The present recording method records a multi-channel stream composed of substreams belonging to plural selected channels on a recording medium, unitizes the recorded stream to a single stream object, creates a piece of search information for each substream contained in the recorded multi-channel stream, and records the created plural pieces of search information on the recording medium. The present method makes it possible to selectively search and reproduce each substream among a multi-channel stream recorded on a recording medium, thereby improving use convenience of a recording machine such as a digital video recorder.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus of recording a multi-channel data stream on a recording medium in such a manner that substreams of digital channels constituting the multi-channel data stream can be distinguished each other in reproduction. The present recording method separates a multi-channel stream composed of substreams belonging to a plurality of channels into individual substreams, records the individual substreams separately by channel in plural stream objects allocated in a recording medium, creates a piece of search information every a substream contained in the recorded multi-channel stream, and records the created plural pieces of search information on the recording medium. The present method makes it possible to selectively search and reproduce each substream among a multi-channel stream recorded on a recording medium, thereby improving use convenience of a recording machine such as a digital video recorder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of transmitting/receiving additional information. The method includes the steps of transmitting video, audio, trailer, and EPG(program guide) signals respectively having independent PIDs(packet identification numbers), receiving the transmitted signals and extracting the video, audio, EPG, and trailer signals from the received signals, displaying the extracted EPG, and displaying the trailer signal for a selected broadcast program of the EPG. Preferably, the trailer is displayed as a motion picture or still image. Accordingly, when the audience selects a specific program on an EPG screen, the present invention displays a summary or preview of the selected program. Therefore, the transmitting side such as a broadcasting station enables to inform the audiences of the corresponding program of the broadcasting station, and the audiences are helped to select programs through program previews or summaries.

Abstract: A remote device is capable to receive network address information that is sent along with an audiovisual television signal. A set top box coupled to a television receives the network address information along with triggers, and transmits the network address information to the remote device. After receiving the network address information, a web browser of the remote device can navigate to the address specified by the network address information to obtain supplemental content. The web browser of the remote device can automatically navigate to the address independently of user action. The web browser may also navigate to the address in response to user action or “keyed navigation.” At least some of the supplemental content may also be pre-loaded into the remote device prior to presentation of the supplemental content to the user, thereby reducing latency in the rendering of the supplemental content by the web browser.

Abstract: A remote device is capable to receive network address information, such as uniform resource locator (URL) addresses, and other supplemental content that are available along with television signal. A set top box coupled to a television receives the network address information via triggers. The set top box transmits a television program from a first channel to a television, and transmits network address information associated with a second channel to the remote device. After receiving the network address information, the remote device can display the corresponding supplemental content while a viewer is watching the first channel on the television. The supplemental content can include program-related address information and/or non-programming-related content. In another technique, the viewer can subscribe certain channels, such that supplemental content on the subscribed channels is obtained and stored, and can be made available to the remote device via the set top box or via a different communication link.

Abstract: At the transmitter side, carrier waves are modulated according to an input signal for producing relevant signal points in a signal space diagram. The input signal is divided into, two, first and second, data streams. The signal points are divided into signal point groups to which data of the first data stream are assigned. Also, data of the second data stream are assigned to the signal points of each signal point group. A difference in the transmission error rate between first and second data streams is developed by shifting the signal points to other positions in the space diagram expressed at least in the polar coordinate system. At the receiver side, the first and/or second data streams can be reconstructed from a received signal. In TV broadcast service, a TV signal is divided by a transmitter into, low and high, frequency band components which are designated as a first and a second data streams respectively.

Abstract: A method is proposed that is used for terrestrial transmission of at least one digital signal, in particular a digital radio and/or TV broadcasting signal. In this method, the at least one digital signal, reduced in its data quantity by coding, is modulated, preferably by the OFDM method, and converted into the frequency position of at least one channel, adjacent to at least one occupied or unoccupied channel (30, 32) for transmitting an analog TV broadcasting signal, and is broadcast in this frequency position. The dynamic scope and the amplitude of the spectrum (41) of the at least one digital signal must undershoot a respectively predetermined value that is markedly less than the dynamic scope or amplitude of the video carrier of the spectrum (35, 36) of the analog TV broadcasting signal, so that there will be only slight intermodulation and cross modulation with other digital signals or with analog signals of other channels.

Abstract: An adjacent channel combiner combines an analog television channel with an upper adjacent digital television channel using practical filter designs. An aural signal of the analog television channel is combined after both a visual signal and a digital signal have been combined. A directional filter combines the visual and digital signals and a diplexer or other means is used for combining the aural signal with the combined visual and digital signal.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided by which television signals may be transmitted from adjacent NTSC and DTV channels. The NTSC television signals for a first channel are selected from a frequency band including a plurality of channels and wherein this first channel includes NTSC aural and NTSC visual signals. A source of DTV television signals are selected for a second channel in the same frequency band and wherein the second channel is adjacent the first channel. The NTSC visual signal and the DTV signal are combined to provide an intermediate combined signal. The intermediate combined signal and the NTSC aural signal are then combined to provide a combined output signal for application to antenna means for transmitting television signals.

Abstract: A receiver which receives two-channel multiplex broadcasting by using television sub audio. Two-channel data and/or facsimile data which are multiplexed on the broadcasting sub audio band of the television broadcasting wave including a video band, a main audio band and a sub audio band are displayed, printed and output. The receiver may have a device for displaying and printing data multiplexed on the sub audio band of the FM broadcasting wave, and further may have a device for displaying a television picture. The receiver may perform only one, some or all of the functions of displaying, printing and outputting multiplexed data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the transmission of digital signals comprises the steps of forming at least two data channels carrying data packets, and eventually header data. The channels have different levels of error protection and include picture data, wherein the data packets within one of the channels have the same level of error protection, and wherein a super-ordinate channel has a higher error protection than a subordinate channel. Important information of a subordinate channel is then transmitted in a super-ordinate channel. The important information allows following erroneous reception of the digital signals an improved recovery of picture data decoding.

Abstract: High-resolution, progressive format video signals having high frame rates may be encoded by a base layer encoder and an enhancement layer encoder to provide two kinds of encoded video signals which share a common output channel. These encoded video signals are received at an input of a video receiver which may use one or both of the two kinds of encoded video signal. Relatively lower performance high-definition televisions may thus receive video signals from higher performance transmitters and produce satisfactory pictures. Higher performance HDTVs will be able to utilize the full performance capabilities of these video signals.

Abstract: A compressed digital multi-channel video communications system having at least one auxiliary channel. The other channels are assigned to respective program sources. These channels are prioritized. The auxiliary channel works with the assigned channel which has the highest priority and which also requires additional bit capacity; the two channels carry bit streams whose combined rate exceeds the highest bit rate that can be carried by a regularly assigned channel. As the needs of the assigned channels continuously change, the auxiliary channel works with different channels.

Abstract: For transmitting digital HDTV signals, the HDTV signal, which is either fed with a data rate of .ltoreq.20.48 Mbit/s or which is data-reduced to such a data rate of .ltoreq.20.48 Mbit/s by means of a method utilizing the psycho-optical phenomena of the human eye, is split at the transmitter side of a broadband transmission link operating on the DSR method into two data streams of .ltoreq.10.24 Mbit/s each, and is fed to the I/Q interface of the 4PSK modulator of the DSR transmission link. These two data streams whch are transmitted to the I/Q output of the 4PSK demodulator of the DSR transmission link are then further processed thereat.

Abstract: A modulation scheme for HDTV, for example, uses a concatenated code comprised of a Reed-Solomon coder followed by an N-dimensional trellis coder whose N-dimensional output symbols with N>1, are used to modulate a one-dimensional vestigial sideband modulator. Specifically, each N-dimensional symbol is a sequence of N one-dimensional signal points--specifically signal points of a one-dimensional VSB constellation.

Abstract: In a method of transmitting digitally coded information in a television sound channel, the digitally coded information is inserted on an existing frequency-modulated RF sound carrier as a channel-coded signal above the television audio-frequency base spectrum in the base band. The modulation amplitude is selected so that disturbances during reproduction of the television sound are excluded in the receiver. The spectrum of the channel-coded signal is evenly distributed over the available frequency range using a pseudo-signal during modulation intervals. The clock frequency of the channel-coded signal is coupled with the line frequency.

Abstract: A system provides interactive control of broadband services. There are today systems which offer distributive services, for instance analog cable-TV, analog satellites and acting terrestrial TV-networks. A paradigm shift, however, has been initiated in connection with that digital transmissions have started, which make possible a more spectrum efficient transmission. This means, for instance, that a broadband service such as digital transmission of video channels can be developed by making it interactive. One solution can be to use the GSM-system. For example, services which require low capacity in uplink can utilize the SMS-function is GSM. At larger demand of bandwidth GSM's data services can be utilized, which however prevents calls when the telephone is used for interactive communication. The invention solves this problem by interactive traffic between the transmitting and receiving equipment being managed by an interactive center (IC) which is arranged to execute wanted broadband service.