Abstract: Vertical/horizontal interpolation device and method in a convergence system is provided that includes a horizontal high order interpolating part for conducting horizontal high order interpolations for convergence adjustment data of preset positions using received horizontal/vertical convergence adjustment data regardless of the modes. The modes can include, for example, overscan, underscan and 4:3 modes. An adjustment point processing part processes adjustment point data for convergence adjustment data of the preset positions of the received horizontal/vertical convergence adjustment data.

Abstract: A power sensor circuit for use in a convergence system which comprises a convergence circuit for generating a convergence correction signal. The power sensor circuit receives at least one supply voltage and generates an output signal having a magnitude selected in accordance with whether the at least one supply voltage is above a first threshold. The output signal is coupled to the convergence circuit, which enables or disables the convergence correction signal in response to the magnitude of the output signal.

Abstract: In the optical apparatus, the projection lens has a first lens group and a second lens group, the color synthesizing optical system has a transparent plate, dichroic mirrors and a plane mirror, the second lens group is disposed between the color synthesizing optical system and the polarization beam splitters, and the plane including the normal line of the plane of the transparent plate, the color synthesizing planes of the dichroic mirrors and the optical axis of the projection lens is perpendicular to the plane including the normal line of the polarizing and splitting planes of the polarization beam splitters and the optical axis of the projection lens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-frequency display system and method for providing color convergence. The system comprises a convergence circuit that is configured to receive a first set and a second set of color input signals. The first of color input signals operates at a first frequency, and the second set of color input signals operates at a second frequency. The system also comprises a controller circuit coupled to the convergence circuit, that is configured to generate a first convergence signal corresponding to the first frequency and a second convergence signal corresponding to the second frequency. The convergence circuit generates a first control signal in response to the first set of color input signals and the first convergence signal. The convergence circuit generates a second control signal based on the second set of color input signals and the second convergence signal.

Abstract: A focusing waveform (Vf) is obtained by first generating (2) two intersecting triangular waveforms of opposite phase and half the deflection frequency. Subsequently, the difference between these two triangular waveforms is multiplied by itself for generating a second-order parabolic waveform at the deflection frequency, at which the parabolic waveform has a lower side which is located at zero and is not disturbed by DC offsets. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, which is eminently suitable for multimedia applications, the focusing waveform has the correct form and amplitude, independent of the deflection frequency.

Abstract: A system for performing beam convergence in video displays. The system is implemented through one or more convergence sensors, which are exposed to two distinct convergence test patterns. The first test pattern partially overlaps with one or more of the sensors to define a first covered area for each overlapped sensor, the portion of each sensor that is not overlapped defining a first uncovered area. The second test pattern overlaps the entirety of the first uncovered area for each sensor, the portion of each sensor that is not overlapped, therefore being the first covered area for each sensor. The output of the sensors when exposed to the first test pattern and the output of the sensors when exposed to the second test pattern are used to perform beam convergence calculations. The test patterns are selected in such a manner as to reduce the dynamic range requirement for the sensor output A/D converter(s).

Abstract: A television picture image processing apparatus includes a horizontal edge gate pulse generator, a vertical edge gate pulse generator, an AND combiner for ANDing horizontal and vertical edge gate pulses applied thereto respectively from the horizontal and the vertical edge gate pulse generators, a sawtooth pulse generator, an amplifier for controlling the gain of sawtooth pulses from the sawtooth pulse generator in accordance with an external DC voltage, and a luminance processor. The apparatus prevents picture quality of a television set from being degraded due to a poor contrast and brightness occurring in each corner of a television picture screen.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for performing convergence calibration in a system that uses multiple beams to generate a video display on a screen. A photosensor is exposed to first and second distinct convergence test patterns which have illuminated areas that cover approximately first and second halves of the photosensor, respectively. For each beam, first and second output signals are generated by the photosensor when the first and second test patterns are generated, respectively, and alignment is determined on the basis of the output signals. The test patterns are selected in such a manner as to reduce the dynamic range requirement for the A/D converter(s) that digitize photosensor output signals. Optionally, measurement resolution is enhanced by varying test pattern density in accordance with the A/D converter input signal level so as to maintain a generally constant A/D converter input level.

Abstract: A plurality of photo detectors are arranged outside the display screen of a projection display apparatus having a built-in digital convergence correction system and a function for adjusting data in the frame memory so as to coincide the photoelectric devices of the photo detectors with the adjustment patterns is provided. The adjusted data when the convergence on the entire screen of the display is adjusted and the adjusted data when the convergence is adjusted by the adjustment function before misconvergence is generated are memorized beforehand. When misconvergence is generated, the convergence is adjusted by the adjustment function again, and a corresponding correction value is obtained on the photo detector by calculating the adjusted data at this time and the prememorized adjusted data, and a correction value on the entire screen is obtained by executing an interpolation calculation from this correction value, and the misconvergence on the entire screen is corrected.

Abstract: Cathode ray tube display apparatus comprises a cathode ray display tube (210) in which an electron beam spot is scanned in a raster pattern to produce an output image. Drive means (200) generates drive voltages on the focus electrode, first and second grid electrodes, and a cathode of the cathode ray tube to generate the electron beam spot in the cathode ray tube. Spot size control means (120) simultaneously varyies, in response to a spot control signal, the voltages generated on the focus electrode, first and second gird electrodes and the cathode by the drive means to vary the size of the electron beam spot in the cathode ray tube.

Abstract: The invention provides an external sensor that is employed by the user of a video display when performing convergence calibrations at various points within the display's viewable area. The external sensor is placed on the screen by the user while a convergence procedure is undertaken by the video display. Readings taken by the sensor during the procedure are relayed to the display's convergence algorithm(s) by means of a suitable coupling, thereby allowing for convergence calculations about the user selected point. When convergence about the point has been achieved, the user may move the sensor to a new point on the screen to initiate convergence procedures about the new point, or remove the sensor from the screen to facilitate viewing.

Abstract: A self adjusting tiled image display system and method is provided. In operation, an image source having an array of tiled image displays projects a test image pattern. A positioning device is attached to a corresponding one of the image displays for positioning that image display. A sensor senses the test image pattern projected by the image displays and generates a sensor signal indicative of the sensed test image pattern. A processor compares the sensor signal to a proper alignment signal indicative of the image displays being properly aligned to generate a positioning signal. The processor applies the positioning signal to the positioning devices to position the image displays as a function of the positioning signal until the image displays are in the proper alignment.

Abstract: In a projection type image display apparatus, the screen is divided and a memory to record luminance correction data corresponding to the divided regions is provided, and addresses of the divided regions of the screen are set by an address counter, synchronized with the input video signal. The luminance correction data are read successively by inputting the addresses to the memory, and luminance nonuniformity on the screen is corrected through operational processing of the correction value converted in an analog value by a D/A converter and the input video signal. The luminance correction data is obtained by computing measurement results of respective luminance characteristics of red, green, and blue colors on the screen and separately recorded as an amplitude correction component and a DC level correction component.

Abstract: A television receiver for automatically determining from a command issued from a controller, the control of power on/off, picture brightness and picture contrast of a video projector using a video projector controller contained in the television receiver and for controlling the deployment and retraction of a screen using a screen controller also contained in the television receiver.

Abstract: In a projecting unit of a projector, a projecting tube is sealingly attached to a projecting tube frame by means of a packing member, a projecting lens is sealingly attached to a projecting lens frame by means of a packing member, and an image on the projecting tube is projected on a screen by the projecting lens. A packing member is interposed between and in engagement with the frames such that the frames are sealingly attached, and can slide against said packing member. The frames are secured to each other for use of the projecting unit, or separated from each other to permit adjustment of the space between the frames.

Abstract: A calibration system and method for a display optical system including a projector and a projection screen. A calibration camera is inserted between the projector and the screen to receive the radiation directly from the projector. The image focused by the camera lens is captured by a charge-coupled device, and processed by a controller. The result is fed back to the image generator of the projector for further improvement in the image quality.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image processing apparatus for use with an image projector to allow the image projector to project a magnified image on a screen without a trapezoid distortion or a keystone distortion even when a normal line of the screen is declined to an optical axis of a projector lens of the projector. Digital image data from AD converter are stored in the image memory (6-9) through a selector (3). From the image memory, the image data of four pixels nearby a deformed coordinate position are read out through a selector (4). The image data of the deformed coordinate position is obtained by calculating an average of sum of arithmetic results obtained by giving a weight to each of image data of the four pixels. The weight given corresponds to a positional deviation value from the deformed coordinate position to the respective coordinate positions of the four pixels nearby the deformed coordinate position.

Abstract: Digital convergence correction system for correcting misconvergence on a screen of a multi-mode projection television, including a first memory part for storing adjustment point data for every mode of multi-modes, a second memory part for storing convergence correction data in accordance with the adjustment point data, a control part for producing the convergence correction data using the adjustment point data stored in the first memory part for writing the convergence correction data on the second memory part and outputting the convergence correction data stored in the second memory part, and a time sharing processing unit for controlling the control part to share time in producing the convergence correction data and renewing convergence correction data in the second memory part and outputting the convergence correction data stored already in the second memory part for preventing overlap of the producing and storing time and the outputting time.

Abstract: To provide an automatic image adjustment device that can automatically detect the display positions, display state, and the like of a test pattern displayed on a screen, the imaging angles of the mirror to image an adjustment pattern displayed at the positions corresponding to the vertices of a relatively small rectangle on a screen are first detected. According to the detected imaging angles, the CPU calculates the imaging angles for imaging the adjustment points at the four corners of the screen. Then, on the basis of the imaging angles for the adjustment points at the four corners, the imaging angles for the remaining adjustment points are calculated. Afterwards, the test pattern, such as the one used for convergence adjustment, can be displayed successively at the adjustment points, and the test pattern at each of the adjustment pattern can be imaged by the camera with the mirror being automatically set at the corresponding imaging angle.

Abstract: When the input horizontal synchronizing frequency is changed, if the backup data (luminance correction data) corresponding to the horizontal synchronizing frequency is stored in the backup memory unit, then the backup data stored in the backup memory unit is read out from the backup memory unit and then stored in a correction memory unit. If in the above case the backup data corresponding to the changed horizontal synchronizing frequency is not stored in the backup memory unit, a backup data corresponding to the changed horizontal synchronizing frequency is calculated by the correction data calculating unit and the calculated correction data is stored in the correction memory unit and the backup memory unit. When the synthesized picture is projected by using the video signal source 20 which is frequently used, it is possible to quickly carry out various adjustments for the SEM processing.

Abstract: A lens device which is applied to a projection type image display apparatus includes an outer tube and an inner tube forming a tube structure having an optical lens and a thermal react material such as bimetallic sheet disposed between the outer tube and the inner-tube. Lens focus is corrected by moving a relative position between the outer tube and the inner tube in an optical axis direction to thereby maintain an initially set focus position to obtain an image of high picture quality.

Abstract: A digital convergence correcting apparatus for a projection-type television set performs an interpolation calculation by employing an auxiliary calculating processor, to thereby perform faster convergence correction. In addition, an OSD block permitting user interface is unified with a test pattern generating block, thereby simplifying the overall hardware structure. A method for operating the digital convergence correcting apparatus is also described.

Abstract: A method for correcting digital convergence performed with respect to four modes of NTSC, ED, MUSE and ZENITH only by adjusting the convergence for a single mode on a software basis includes the steps of adjusting a specific mode and calculating correction data based on adjustment data for the specific mode and storing adjustment data and correction data in memory, and calculating correction data of other modes based on correction data stored for the specific mode, thereby remarkably improving the accuracy of the convergence, facilitating adjustment time and adjustment itself, simplifying the system to cut down the price of the system while enabling digital convergence of a multi-sync projection television to apply it to household use and monitors for personnel computers and video conferencing.

Abstract: A projector device, which is simple and small and able to display images brighter and also able to improve the usefulness considerably. The effective reflecting lights of the mirror deflection type light modulators are focused into images at the position right in front of the projection lens, and the effective reflection lights are partly turned and focused on the two-dimensional position detector means for detecting the vertical and horizontal positions of the formed images.

Abstract: The gain of a variable gain amplifier for amplifying a video signal is changed in accordance with a brightness correction control signal that is output from a waveform ROM. The shape of the output signal of the waveform ROM is changed in accordance with a signal indicating the scanning position which signal is deformed in accordance with an external signal indicating a deviation of a hot spot.

Abstract: In a convergence adjusting apparatus, there are generated waveform signals for adjustment, each level of which becomes zero at a plurality of adjustment points on a display except for one adjustment point. The levels of the waveform signals for adjustment are adjusted in accordance with convergence adjusting signals, and a convergence deflection yoke is supplied with the waveform signals having adjusted levels. In the convergence adjusting apparatus, only a beam spot at any adjustment point subjected to adjustment is moved when convergence adjustment is effected, without affecting adjustment for other adjustment points.

Abstract: A difference is calculated between convergence data in accordance with a temperature detected from the deflecting coil of a cathode ray tube and optimum convergence data. The convergence of the cathode ray tube is then corrected in accordance with the calculated difference.

Abstract: The nonlinear, deflection waveform used improve registration in a three picture tube projection television system is produced using interpolation of stored data setting points by first performing a reduced number of high-order interpolation calculations using the setting points and then performing low-order interpolation calculations either between two calculated high-order interpolated data points or between one of the calculated high-order interpolated data points and one of the setting points. This results in reducing the work load on the central processing unit in the registration system. In addition, a reduced bit-size requirement for the interpolation portion of the registration is obtained by storing registration data of a first bit size and then adding bits below the original LSB for the interpolation calculation prior to performing the digital to analog conversion.

Abstract: In a convergence error detecting apparatus for use in combination with a display system of a projection type which displays, onto a display panel, a projected image signal which has a first synchronization signal of a predetermined frequency, and for detecting a convergence error signal representative of a convergence error appearing on the projected image signal, image pickup device is operated by a second synchronization signal of a frequency different from the predetermined frequency, for picking up the projected image signal to produce a pickup image signal by the use of the second synchronization signal, and processing unit processes the pickup image signal to detect the convergence error and to produce a convergence error signal representative of the convergence error. The convergence error signal is supplied to the display system to remove the convergence error in the display system.

Abstract: In an automatic digital convergence correction method and apparatus therefore employing a CRT-type display, the vertical and horizontal convergence with respect to the red and green CRTs are tracked based on the ideal seed point within a test pattern generated via the green CRT so that the vertical and horizontal convergence match, to thereby enhance the accuracy of a correction operation and reduce the correction time.

Abstract: A projection television receiver has a cathode ray tube with an electron gun for emitting an electron beam incident on a screen, an electromagnetic deflection yoke and an electromagnetic focusing coil. The focusing coil is included in a resonant circuit. The resonant circuit is energized by switching operation of a switching transistor in the vicinity of a retrace interval. Variations of the focusing coil current in the vicinity of the retrace interval provide dynamic focus.

Abstract: A method of regulating an operational parameter of an electrical apparatus includes the steps of obtaining a signal representative of a measured value of an effect on an adjustment device of the apparatus. The measured value is compared to a desired value to provide a regulating signal during a regulating mode. A static correction value and a dynamic correction value are superimposed onto the regulating signal to generate an actuation signal. The adjustment device is adjusted with the actuation signal during an operating mode.

Abstract: A convergence output circuit for converging signals corresponding to the primary colors of an input video signal which reduces power loss by including a positive power source voltage supply circuit for supplying a first voltage to a first current supply circuit during a blanking period of the input video signal and for supplying a second voltage, lower than the first voltage, to the first current supply circuit during a scanning period of the video signal, both the first and second voltages being positive. A negative power source voltage supply circuit supplies a third voltage, opposite in polarity to the first voltage, to the second current supply circuit during the blanking period and supplies a fourth voltage, opposite in polarity to the second voltage, to the second current supply circuit during the scanning period, both the third and fourth voltages being negative.

Abstract: The television apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus which displays an image corresponding to the television signal, is so arranged that the picture quality of an image signal can be adjusted according to the projection condition of the image when the image corresponding to the image signal is projected, so that the optimum image may be projected.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for adjusting a video display, device with no need to determine precisely the positional relationship between an image producing element and the video display area of a projector or monitor while the latter device is being adjusted for video display by detecting beam positions. The entire video display area is detected by a image input. Camera and the video display area information thus obtained is represented by the coordinates, in a memory, of four points enclosing the area. The memory coordinates of the first points to be obtained based on a reference image are calculated from the coordinates of these four points. The coordinates of the first points are compared with those of the second points determined with respect to the reference image. The result is used to operate a system controller for adjustment and control of the video display device.

Abstract: In an electronic camera that can be utilized with a color filter wheel accessory for obtaining a color image composed of a sequence of red, green, and blue records, slight movement of the camera body can produce misregistration in the color records. Such misregistration can be determined by dividing the color image into a plurality of subsections, and selecting the particular subsection that meets a predetermined criterion for color neutrality, and that contains monochrome edge information suitable for correlation. The color records are brought into registration by processing the edge information of the selected subsection to determine the misregistration between the color records, and by shifting the misregistered records first by integer, and then by fractional pixel shift values.

Abstract: A method and system in a data processing system for modifying an image source data file to compensate for distortions resulting from a projection of an image source onto a surface that is not perpendicular to an image source projection system. A data processing system image source data file is identified and a test pattern is displayed utilizing a data processing system visual output device. A user is permitted to enter a distortion compensation factor, the displayed test pattern is modified utilizing the distortion compensation factor. Once a final distortion compensation factor is selected in response to the appearance of the modified test pattern, the data processing system image source data file is modified, utilizing the selected distortion compensation factor, thereby enhancing the projection of an image source onto a surface that is not perpendicular to an image source projection system.

Abstract: A dynamic focusing device for cathode ray tubes comprising a crosshatch pattern generator for providing a surface of cathode ray tubes with a crosshatch pattern indicating an adjustment point at which focusing control is carried out. The system uses correction data to achieve proper focus at each adjustment point, i.e., the intersection of the vertical and horizontal lines of the crosshatch pattern defined by arbitrarily divided blocks on the surface of the cathode ray tube. The data between adjacent adjustment points is interpolated in the vertical and horizontal directions to supply an output signal providing proper dynamic focus of the cathode ray tube. The disclosed device produces proper focus uniformity and is able to produce a high definition television image on direct-view devices or projection systems which utilize cathode ray tubes.

Abstract: A projection type display system having an optical modulation unit which modulates light from a light source in response to preselected video signal data, a projection lens system for projecting the modulated light onto a display screen, and a focal adjustment device which is configured to alter the focal state of a resulting image which is focused onto the screen. The focal state is adjusted by translating the relative position of one or more lenses in the projection lens system with respect to the screen. The focal adjustment device further incorporates a range finding unit which determines the distance between the projection lens system and the targeted display screen, typically using a beam of invisible light, and an automatic adjustment element which adjusts the focal point of the projection lens system to optimally match the determined distance.

Abstract: An optical apparatus including an optical assembly having an image formation optical system and a device for receiving an image, said optical assembly including optical components disposed along an optical axis for projecting the image to a display surface, a detecting device for detecting each distance to a plurality of predetermined locations which are set apart from each other and for producing detection signals representing a non-orthogonal relationship between the display surface and the optical axis, and a controlling device for biasing at least one of the components included in the optical assembly in response to the detection signals thus obtained. Then, a part of such an optical assembly is driven in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, thus making it possible to implement an optical apparatus capable of obtaining a projected image which is in focus all over the screen without distortion.

Abstract: A chromaticity meter measures chromaticity of light output for each of picture elements selected. Calculated from the measurement is corrective data on each of RGB colors, which in turn used to calculate corrective data on each of RGB at unselected picture elements. In this method, original video signals for each of RGB colors will be correctively modulated based on the thus obtained corrective data. A projected image displaying apparatus is constructed such that adjustment of chromaticity as to white as well as to black from the measurement by the chromaticity meter of chromaticity throughout the entire image, is carried out uniformly and reliably by automatic control using a microcomputer so as to determine optimal condition for correctively modulating the original video signal. This apparatus further includes means for storing the thus obtained optimal condition in a non-volatile memory.

Abstract: A system for detecting and automatically correcting X-Y errors in displayed image data. In a specific implementation, the invention (6, 10) includes a display driver ( 12, 14, 16, 4 ) for commanding the display ( 2 ) to display a picture element of an image at a predetermined position on a display screen thereof. The actual position of the displayed picture element is detected (6) and used to calculate a set of correction factors which are used in real time to correct the positioning of picture elements of actual image data (20, 24, 5).

Abstract: An image projection device comprising at least one display panel (26, 27, 28), a projection lens system (C) and a focus-error detection system is described. The focus-error detection system comprises an auxiliary radiation source (50) delivering a focus measuring beam (b), an auxiliary lens (61) for capturing radiation (b.sub.r) diffusely reflected by a projection screen (D), and a detection unit (60) for measuring the size of a spot (S) formed on the screen by the beam (b).

Abstract: An image projection system which comprises a light source, a color separating optical means for separating rays of light from the light source into blue, green and red light components, first to third liquid crystal panels each having an image forming center and being operable to modulate the associated light component in response to a video signal applied thereto thereby to form an image in a corresponding color, first to third projection lens assemblies associated with the first to third liquid crystal panels for projecting imagewise modulated light components, carrying the images formed respectively by the first to third liquid crystal panels, onto a screen in a superimposed fashion to provide a color picture. The first and third liquid crystal panels are positioned on respective sides of the second light valve and also positioned with their image forming centers displaced relative to the associated optical axes of the first and third projection lens assemblies.

Abstract: A dynamic distortion correction apparatus 100 for use in an image projector 120. The invention includes a computer image generator 144 for generating a video image signal. A control circuit 102 processes the video image signal and regulates the clocking rate of a time-delayed video output signal. A modulator 104 is included for converting the video output signal to an optical image signal having a plurality of television raster lines. An optical device 148 is incorporated which orients each of the plurality of raster lines to compensate for distortion in the optical image signal at any viewing angle. A gimballed mirror 126 and a color projection optic device 178 are included to control the projection of the optical image signal onto a surface 110 to provide a display image 106. In a second embodiment, the optical device 148 is replaced by a correcting feature of the computer image generator which causes each of the raster lines to be parallel to every other raster line.

Abstract: An image projection device comprising at least one display panel (26, 27, 28), a projection lens system (C) and a focus error detection system (FS) is described. Since the radiation source (50) and the radiation-sensitive detector (51) of the focus error detection system are arranged in planes which effectively coincide with the plane of the display panel (28), and a focus measuring beam b traverses the projection lens system twice on its path to and from a projection screen (D), an accurate and reliable focus error signal (S.sub.f) is obtained.

Abstract: A projection system of the kind in which beams of light are projected by a projector onto a screen and the beams are modulated by electronic video information is characterized in that means are provided to vary the intensity of the light falling on different parts of the screen so that to an observer viewing the screen the said light intensity will be perceived as being substantially uniform over substantially the whole are of the screen.

Abstract: A digital convergence apparatus detects the presence/absence, frequency and the number of scanning lines of inputted synchronizing signals, performs an interpolation between adjusting points corresponding to the detection signal to prepare a correction data, and performs a cursor display of a center position between adjusting points, extrapolating operation control and difference data storage, writing of the same data into n-planes, and time sharing the interpolation processor so as to accommodate multimedia with a high accuracy.

Abstract: Methods and systems are presented in which at least one geometric distortion function is separately determined for application to a particular primary color component of a color video display to cause a geometric distortion that compensates for lateral chromatic aberration in an optical system used to view the display.

Abstract: A video projection system having a liquid crystal panel with a video image, a projection lamp with ON/OFF control, a zoom lens with a zoom control mechanism, a focusing lens with a focusing control mechanism, an audio system with a volume control, a projection-lamp light detector, a heat sensor, a variable-speed cooling fan, a control module having a microprocessor and a digital-to-analog converter, a display, a keypad, an alarm/annunciator, a power supply with ON/OFF control, and an infrared based remote control system able to control power ON/OFF, zoom, focus, picture, and sound volume.