Abstract: A surface is laser-etched to convey a 2D machine-readable code pattern. Various strategies are detailed to minimize the etching time. Some strategies include modifying the code pattern to reduce a path length traveled by the laser. Some strategies include modifying the code pattern to make it sub-optimal, i.e., making the code pattern a less-faithful approximation of an ideal code pattern. In some embodiments the etched surface is the surface of a plastic container, and the code pattern conveys information indicating the type of plastic of which the container is manufactured. A variety of other features and arrangements are also detailed.

Abstract: An optical system in one aspect of the present disclosure includes a first light source, a second light source, a first spatial optical phase modulator, a second spatial optical phase modulator, and a projector. The first spatial optical phase modulator outputs first phase-modulated light based on an input light having a first wavelength from the first light source. The second spatial optical phase modulator outputs second phase-modulated light based on input light having a second wavelength from the second light source. The projector projects the first phase-modulated light and the second phase-modulated light on a target. The first spatial optical phase modulator is a liquid crystal device including a first liquid crystal layer. The second spatial optical phase modulator is a liquid crystal device including a second liquid crystal layer. The first liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal material different from that of the second liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A phase light modulator includes a base plate, a mirror, a perforated hinge plate, and first second support posts. The perforated hinge plate supports the mirror. The perforated hinge plate has first and second flexural arms. The perforated hinge plate is configured to move toward or away from the base plate based on application of a potential difference between the base plate and the perforated hinge plate. The first flexural arm is connected to the first support posts, and the second flexural arm is connected to the second support post.

Abstract: An image output device for external lamps of a vehicle may include an interface that outputs video data, an image processing device that generates a first video image and a second video image based on the video data, and an output device including the external lamps that outputs the first video image and the second video image.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display device and a control method thereof. The control method of the display device comprises: obtaining, based on the first light output ratio and the second light output ratio, a first luminous flux set composed of values of luminous fluxes output by a combination path at a current bit depth, and a second luminous flux set composed of values of luminous fluxes output by the combination path at a target bit depth respectively; obtaining, based on the first luminous flux set and the second luminous flux set, a value of a luminous flux to be expanded to achieve the target bit depth at the current bit depth; and adjusting a mapping relationship between the value of each luminous flux to be expanded and a value of a maximum luminous flux in the first luminous flux set corresponding to the current bit depth based on a display bit depth of the display device.

Abstract: To provide an image display device capable of remediation of color breakup, and an electronic device including the image display device. An image display device includes: a first display panel whose transmittance or reflectance of light is controlled on the basis of a first video signal; a second display panel whose transmittance or reflectance of light is controlled on the basis of a second video signal; a light irradiation unit configured to irradiate the first display panel with color light according to the first video signal for driving the first display panel, and to irradiate the second display panel with color light according to the second video signal for driving the second display panel; and a control unit configured to generate the first video signal corresponding to first color light that is one among red color light, green color light, and blue color light, and generate the second video signal that causes emission of second color light that brings the first color light close to white light.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing includes applying patterned electromagnetic energy to each of a sequence of layers of a dry film comprising a photosensitive material so as to create in the photosensitive material in each of the layers a respective two-dimensional (2D) pattern corresponding to a slice of a predefined three-dimensional (3D) structure. The layers in the sequence in which the respective 2D pattern has been created are laminated together to produce a multi-layer stack. The multi-layer stack is developed so as to remove the photosensitive material in which the 2D pattern has not been created, thereby forming the 3D structure.

Abstract: A projection system includes a projection lens to project image light along an image light path towards a port window and to redirect a portion of the image light away from the image light path as result of being scattered or reflected away from the image light path. The projection system includes a port window for transmitting projected image light from the projection lens. The port window has a surface for redirecting a portion of the projected image light as result of being scattered or reflected away from the image light path. The projection system includes an enclosure positioned between the port window and the projection lens to surround the image light path between the port window and the projection lens. The enclosure absorbs the portion of the image light redirected by the projection lens and absorbs the portion of the projected image light redirected by the surface.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a substrate having a surface, functional metallic traces on a first portion of the surface that are electrically connected to carry current in the electronic device and have a first density, and dummy metallic traces on a second portion of the surface that are electrically isolated from the functional metallic traces and have a second density that is within at least 50% of the first density.

Abstract: An optical system (300) includes an optical modulation element (103) to reflect an incident light (250) in a different direction, and an illumination optical system (301) through which light emitted from a light source (101) is emitted toward the optical modulation element (103). The illumination optical system (301) includes a lens array (14A, 14B), a lens (15) disposed in an order listed from an upstream side of an optical path, and a shielding part (50) disposed upstream from the lens (15) on the optical path. The shielding part (50) shields light incident on an effective diameter of the lens (15). In a direction perpendicular to an optical axis of the light emitted from the light source (101), the optical axis (101A) is shifted from a center position (15M) of the effective diameter of the lens (15) in an opposite direction with reference to the shielding part (50).

Abstract: A method is used to generate a report presenting parameter values corresponding to a structured illumination microscopy (SIM) optical system. The parameter values are based at least in part on the performed modulation calculation corresponding to an image set captured with the SIM optical system. A minimum FWHM slice is identified, based at least in part on an average FWHM value across the images in the first image set. Parameter estimation is performed on the identified minimum FWHM slice. Best in-focus parameters are identified based at least in part on the performed estimation. A phase estimate is performed for each image in the set. A modulation calculation is performed based at least in part on the identified best in-focus parameters. The report is based at least in part on the performed modulation calculation.

Abstract: An optical system includes a light source configured to emit irradiation light, an optical modulation element having a plurality of reflection planes by which an incident light is reflected in a different direction, and an optical element having an interface through which the irradiation light emitted from the light source is emitted to the optical modulation element as the incident light and a first exit light reflected by the optical modulation element in a first direction is guided to a projection surface. Each one of the plurality of reflection planes is inclined with reference to a surface of the optical modulation element to reflect the incident light as the first exit light, and the surface of the optical modulation element is inclined with reference to the interface.

Abstract: A method of providing a spatial light modulator comprising: providing a substrate; providing a first phase change material cell on the substrate, the first phase change material cell comprising: a first electrical heater on the substrate; a first optical reflector layer on the electrical heater; and a first phase change material layer on the optical reflector layer; and providing at least a second phase change material cell on the substrate, the second phase change material cell comprising: a second electrical heater on the substrate; a second optical reflector layer on the second electrical heater; a second phase change material layer on the second optical reflector layer; and providing a light absorber layer between the first phase change material cell and the second phase change material cell.

Abstract: A projector includes first and second cooling targets and a cooling device. The cooling device includes a first compressor, a condenser, a first expander configured to decompress a part of the working fluid condensed by the condenser, a first evaporator configured to change the working fluid in a liquid phase flowing from the first expander into the working fluid in a gas phase by using heat from the first cooling target, a second expander configured to decompress the other part of the working fluid condensed by the condenser, a second evaporator configured to change the working fluid in a liquid phase flowing from the second expander into the working fluid in a gas phase by using heat from the second cooling target, and a second compressor configured to compress the working fluid in a gas phase flowing from the second evaporator.

Abstract: A memory access method and a memory access system are provided. The memory access method is applicable to the memory access system. The memory access system includes a programmable logic device (PLD), a processor, a volatile memory, and a non-volatile memory. The PLD is disposed among the processor, the volatile memory, and the non-volatile memory. The memory access method includes: storing, by the PLD, data stored in the non-volatile memory to the volatile memory when the memory access system is started; and accessing, by the processor, the data from the volatile memory through the PLD.

Abstract: A projection optical apparatus includes a projection system projecting light and including a resin lens, a degradation suppressor configured to suppress degradation of the resin lens, and a projection controller configured to control the degradation suppressor.

Abstract: A display device includes a light source, a spatial light modulator (SLM), and an optical assembly that includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface that is opposite to the first reflective surface. The light source is configured to provide illumination light. The optical assembly is configured to receive the illumination light. At least a first portion of the illumination light received by the optical assembly is transmitted through the first reflective surface toward the second reflective surface, is reflected by the second reflective surface toward the first reflective surface, is reflected by the first reflective surface toward the second reflective surface, and is transmitted through the second reflective surface. The SLM is configured to receive and modulate the portion of the illumination light transmitted through the optical assembly, and to output the modulated light. A method performed by the display device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vehicular vision system includes a camera disposed at a vehicle and having a field of view exterior of the vehicle, a light source disposed at the vehicle and operable to emit light, and a control. Light emitted by the light source, when operated, illuminates a field of illumination exterior of the vehicle, with the field of view of the camera encompassing at least a portion of the field of illumination. The control, responsive to data processing by a processor of the control of image data captured by the camera, determines a change in the field of illumination provided by the light source. Responsive to the determined change in the field of illumination, the control at least one selected from the group of (i) adjusts the light source to accommodate the determined change, (ii) adjusts the camera to accommodate the determined change and (iii) generates an alert.

Abstract: A projection display having an optical light guide for a see-though display system using holographic optical element or diffractive optical element as in-coupling optics and combined with Fresnel mirrors as out-coupling optics is disclosed. A display using this light guide enables a wide angle (e.g., over 90 degrees field of view), high resolution, and a large eye-box with a compact size.

Abstract: An example device may include a light source, an optical element, and, optionally, an encapsulant layer. A light beam generated by the light source may be received by the optical element and redirected towards an illumination target, such as an eye of a user. The optical element may include a material, for example, with a refractive index of at least approximately 2 at a wavelength of the light beam. The light source may be a semiconductor light source, such as a light-emitting diode or a laser. The optical element may be supported by an emissive surface of the light source. Refraction at an exit surface of the optical element, and/or within a metamaterial layer, may advantageously modify the beam properties, for example, in relation to illuminating a target. In some examples, the light source and optical element may be integrated into a monolithic light source module.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a reaction vessel assembly that includes the following: a reaction vessel including a housing component; a reaction chamber defined by the housing component; and a light absorbing layer conforming to a portion of an interior-facing surface of the housing component that defines the reaction chamber, the light absorbing layer comprising a multiple discrete regions; and an energy source configured to direct light through at least a portion of the housing component at one or more of the discrete regions of the light absorbing layer.

Abstract: Various implementations of systems and methods for insertion loss estimation are disclosed. The system for insertion loss estimation includes a first filter, a focusing component, and a digital micromirror device (DMD). The first filter, the focusing component, and the DMD are in parallel with an optical fiber connector. Additionally, the system includes an optical concentrator and a photodetector device. A first face of the optical concentrator is facing towards the DMD, and a second face of the optical concentrator is facing the photodetector device. Both the photodetector device and the optical concentrator are in parallel.

Abstract: A light source structure, a backlight module and a display are provided. The light source structure includes a substrate and plural light source groups. The light source groups are arranged on the substrate, in which each of the light source groups includes plural light-emitting units, and there is a first distance between any two adjacent light-emitting units in each of the light source groups, and there is a second distance between two closest light-emitting units that are respectively in any two adjacent light source groups. The second distance is smaller than the first distance.

Abstract: A lighting device of the present disclosure includes a light source device and a reflective component. The reflective component reflects an illumination light incident from the light source device off the reflecting surface of the reflective component at incident angle ?, and emits the illumination light reflected toward a display element at exit angle ?. The reflecting surface of the reflective component is rotated with respect to two axes orthogonal to each other. 20 degrees?|???|?60 degrees is satisfied. Where, each of the incident angle ? and the exit angle ? is angle of the illumination light to a horizontal direction of the display element when the illumination light is incident on a front surface of the display element.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus. An obtaining unit obtains an image, and first NR information defining noise reduction processing using a first noise reduction processing method which an external apparatus can apply to the image. A generating unit generates, on the basis of the first NR information, second NR information defining noise reduction processing using a second noise reduction processing method which is different from the first noise reduction processing method. A noise reducing unit applies the noise reduction processing using the second noise reduction processing method to the image in accordance with the second NR information.

Abstract: A holographic projector having an optical path is described. The holographic projector comprises a first spatial light modulator arranged to display a first hologram, and a first light source. The first light source is arranged to illuminate the first spatial light modulator with light of a first wavelength such that a first holographic reconstruction corresponding to the first hologram is formed on a replay plane. The holographic projector further comprises a continuous block of transparent material. At least part of the optical path is formed through the continuous block of transparent material. The transparent material has a refractive index greater than air.

Abstract: A robotic system having movable mechanism of a non-planar inner projection is provided. It comprises a non-planar projection surface, a servo motor, an inner projection element, and a support frame. The servo motor is connected to the non-planar projection surface, and the non-planar projection surface can be rotated synchronously by the servo motor drive. The inner projection element is disposed relative to the non-planar projection surface, the inner projection element generates a target image, and the target image is projected onto the non-planar projection surface to form a display area, and the display area has a fixed boundary. The servo motor and the inner projection element are disposed on the support frame, and when the non-planar projection surface is synchronously rotated by the servo motor, the inner projection element also rotates synchronously.

Abstract: A projector includes a first cooling target, a cooling device, and an exterior housing. The cooling device includes a first circulation device in which working fluid circulates, a second circulation device in which a liquid refrigerant circulates, and a heat exchanger in which both of the working fluid and the liquid refrigerant flow. The first circulation device includes a first compressor, a condenser, a first expander, and a first evaporator. The second circulation device includes a first heat receiver heat-transferably connected to the first cooling target. The heat exchanger includes a first channel in which the working fluid having flowed in the first expander flows, and a second channel in which the liquid refrigerant having flowed in the first heat receiver flows. The heat exchanger cools the liquid refrigerant flowing in the second channel with the working fluid flowing in the first channel.

Abstract: A passive imaging sensor includes a plurality of optical elements in which at least one includes one or more Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) Micro-Mirror Arrays (MMAs) having a plurality of independently and continuously controllable mirrors that at least tip and tilt in 2 DOF and may tip, tilt and piston in 3 DOF, In an operational mode, the mirrors are tipped and tilted, and possibly pistoned, such that the optical radiation is focused at the pixelated detector to read out an image of the scene. NUC coefficients such as offset and/or gain are applied to either the output signals of the detector or to the image to form the NUC'd images. In a calibration mode, the mirrors are tipped and tilted and/or pistoned to spatially or temporally blur the image or to re-direct the FOV to one or more on-board calibration sources to generate a uniform image from which to calculate and update the NUC coefficients.

Abstract: An image processing device includes: an image acquisition unit that acquires first and second image data for projecting the image from the first and second projection units respectively; a superimposed region information acquisition unit that acquires information on a superimposed region between the projection range of the first projection unit and the projection range of the second projection unit; a first image processing unit that performs first image processing on a first portion in the first image data corresponding to the superimposed region; a second image processing unit that performs second image processing on a second portion in the second image data corresponding to the superimposed region; and an output unit that outputs the first image data after the first image processing as image data for the first projection unit and outputs the second image data after the second image processing as image data for the second projection unit.

Abstract: An image processing device includes: an image acquisition unit that acquires first and second image data for projecting the image from the first and second projection units respectively; a superimposed region information acquisition unit that acquires information on a superimposed region between the projection range of the first projection unit and the projection range of the second projection unit; a first image processing unit that performs first image processing on a first portion in the first image data corresponding to the superimposed region; a second image processing unit that performs second image processing on a second portion in the second image data corresponding to the superimposed region; and an output unit that outputs the first image data after the first image processing as image data for the first projection unit and outputs the second image data after the second image processing as image data for the second projection unit.

Abstract: A headlight (1) includes a lamp unit (20) including: light sources (52R,52G,52B) that emit laser light; and phase modulation elements (54R,54G,54B) that diffract the laser light emitted from the light sources (52R,52G,52B) with a phase modulation pattern that is changeable, and emit light of a light distribution pattern based on the phase modulation pattern. The lamp unit (20) adjusts a total luminous flux amount of light emitted from the lamp unit (20) according to the light distribution pattern.

Abstract: In described examples, a projector includes a light source to produce first light of a first color. The projector also includes a phosphor to selectively receive the first light and produce second light of a second color in response to the first light. The projector also includes a dichroic mirror to pass a portion of the second light to produce a third light of a third color. The dichroic mirror reflects a portion of the second light as fourth light of a fourth color.

Abstract: An example microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switch comprises a hinge plane having two or more intersecting hinges; a switch plate; and a plurality of electrostatic pads. Selective activation of the electrostatic pads causes torsion of at least one of the two or more intersecting hinges to tilt the switch plate to a selected one of three or more positions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a user-operated spotlight system and method for lighting a performer on a stage; the user-operated spotlight system comprising a screen which displays an image of the stage and a cursor, a screen cursor positioner adapted to be operated to move the cursor on the screen, a processor connected to the screen, and, a plurality of controllable spotlights which are connected to the processor and which plurality of controllable spotlights can be moved by a user moving the cursor on the screen. The advantage of providing such a user-operated spotlight system is that a single user can operate a plurality of spotlights.

Abstract: There is provided an image processing apparatus, an image processing method, and a program which can cause an image adapted to an object located between an operation unit and a drawing destination (30) to be drawn on the drawing destination, the image processing apparatus including: an image generating unit configured to generate a drawn image to be drawn on a drawing destination on a basis of a position of an operation unit. The image generating unit generates the drawn image on a basis of detected information of a stencil target (40) located between the operation unit and the drawing destination.

Abstract: A DMD chip includes a micromirror array mounted on a very thin silicon wafer attached to a cooling system integrated within the DMD chip. The cooling system includes a fluid cooled heat sink with a cooling channel. Fluid coolant may be pumped through the channel and out of the DMD to remove heat from the silicon substrate and the micromirror array. The micromirror array may be hermetically sealed within the housing, with the heat sink located between the micromirror array and a back wall of the housing, with both the heat sink and the array within the interior of the housing.

Abstract: An image capture system including two imaging systems of the same structure each having a wide-angle lens, which includes a front group, a reflection surface, and a rear group arranged in order from an object side, has a field angle larger than 180 degrees, and bends an optical axis of the front group toward the rear group by the reflection surface, and an imaging sensor, obtains an image in a solid angle of 4? radian by combining images imaged by the imaging systems. Each of the two wide-angle lenses includes the reflection surface between the front group and the rear group, the reflection surfaces are made to be common to the two imaging systems. This reduces an interval between lenses nearest to the object side in the front groups of the two wide-angle lenses, thereby reducing a distance between maximum field angles of the two wide-angle lenses.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a casing, a light blocking member, and a light emitting unit. The light blocking member is disposed within the casing, and is adapted to block an ambient light incident into the casing. The light emitting unit is disposed within the casing.

Abstract: A cooling device includes a heat dissipating unit that is in contact with an object to be cooled and dissipates heat, and an air blowing unit that takes therein air and blows the air to the heat dissipating unit. The heat dissipating unit includes a first stage portion and a second stage portion that have a difference in level therebetween. The air blowing unit includes a first inlet port that takes therein air from outside, and an outlet port that exhausts the taken-in air. The first inlet port faces the first stage portion, and the outlet port faces the second stage portion.

Abstract: Several embodiments of display systems that have wide color gamut performance are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a display system comprises a plurality of emitters, said emitters emanating light into an optical path; a first modulator, said first modulator comprising a plurality of colored subpixels and wherein said first modulator transmitting light emanating from said emitters in said optical path; and a color notch filter, said color notch filter placed in said optical path for conditioning or convolving light together with said first modulator.

Abstract: A package frame for use in packaging microelectromechanical devices and/or spatial light modulators comprises a frame, a stiffener, and a heat dissipater.

Abstract: A multi-region light scattering element with the optical characteristics of low speckle, high resolution high contrast, and high gain when used as an imaging element without any resulting loss of transmission or brightness with viewing angle. The multi-region light scattering element contains at least one region asymmetrically shaped light scattering features that are separated from a second light scattering region by a non-scattering region. In one embodiment, one or more of the regions contains particles that are asymmetrically shaped that improve the optical performance. In one embodiment, asymmetric particles are located in two regions separated by a non-scattering region with the particles within each region substantially aligned along an axis and the two axes are substantially perpendicular to each other. Methods for production of the screen element are also described.