Abstract: Techniques are disclosed in which a topographic parameter is determined in each semi-meridian of the eye by considering the topography in each of three concentric zones from the central axis at 3 mm, 5 mm, and 7 mm and assigning weighting factors for each zone, By selectively treating the weighted values in the three zones, parameters of magnitude and meridian can be obtained for each semi-meridian. From these parameters, a single topographic value for the entire eye (CorT) can be found as well as a value representing topographic disparity (TD) between the two semi-meridians. The topography values for the semi-meridians are used in a vector planning system to obtain treatment parameters in a single step operation.

Abstract: An ophthalmic imaging apparatus for imaging a subject's eye includes a detection unit configured to detect facts that the subject's eye moves by an amount of movement thereof, which is equal to or more than a predetermined value, and that the movement thereof is finished, and an imaging start unit configured to start imaging of the subject's eye according to a result of detection by the detection unit.

Abstract: An object of one aspect of the present invention is to obtain a measurement value in accordance with the condition of a crystalline lens of an examinee's eye. An apparatus for measuring ocular axial length includes: a measuring unit which irradiates measurement waves toward a fundus of the examinee's eye, and calculates the ocular axial length of the examinee's eye based on detection signals obtained from reflected waves including waves reflected from the fundus; and a determining unit which acquires reflection information related to an anterior segment of the examinee's eye, extracts reflection signals corresponding to a reflection object between a cornea and a posterior capsule of a crystalline lens based on the acquired reflection information, and determines whether the examinee's eye is a phakic eye or an IOL eye based on the extracted reflection signals.

Abstract: An optical system for eye tracking is disclosed. The system includes a light guiding prism that guides light from an ocular object to an imaging system through multiple internal reflections. The light guiding prism may include one or more freeform surfaces having optical power.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a pupillary light reflex (PLR) system, wherein the PLR system includes a remote tracking and imaging system that is structured and operable to generate and acquire high resolution pupil stimulus and response data from a test subject while the test subject is moving and is disposed a distance from remote tracking and imaging system that is greater than or equal to one-third of a meter. The PLR system additionally includes a computer based system controller that is structure and operable to execute PLR software to control the operation of the remote tracking and imaging system and compute PLR information based on the pupil stimulus and response data acquired as the test subject is moving.

Abstract: This invention can generate a high-resolution, low-noise tomogram while minimizing the influences of the flicks of the eyeballs, the movement of the head, and the like. The invention is an image processing apparatus which processes a tomogram of an eye to be examined and includes detection units to detect the motion amount of the eye by using a signal obtained by capturing the tomogram, and a decision unit to decide the number of scanning lines for capturing of the tomogram based on the motion amount detected by the detection units.

Abstract: The invention relates to ophthalmic spectacles for characterizing the direction of gaze of a wearer. Each lens of the spectacles is provided with output sections for directing a radiation towards the ocular areas of the wearer, in which different portions of an ocular limbus of the wearer are in motion. The lens is further provided with input sections for collecting the portions of said radiation reflected in said ocular areas. A computing unit is also combined with the spectacles in order to determine the direction of gaze of the wearer from detection signals measuring the portions of the radiation that are simultaneously collected by the input sections of the two lenses.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention refer to a system for registering and tracking the position of a person's eye, in particular for refractive ophthalmic surgery. According to embodiments, the system is structured such that eye images containing at least the iris and the pupil of the eye are made at a first wavelength of light and that eye images containing scleral blood vessels are made at a different second wavelength of light. The invention furthermore refers to a corresponding method for registering and tracking the position of a person's eye.

Abstract: A compensation optical apparatus for obtaining and image of an object without reduction in image quality irrespective of aberration compensation, includes: a division unit for dividing a return beam from a measured object; an aberration measurement unit for measuring an aberration caused by the measured object, with a divided beam from the division unit; an aberration compensation unit for performing aberration compensation based on the aberration measured by the aberration measurement unit; a projection unit for projecting a beam obtained by the aberration compensation in the aberration compensation unit to the measured object; an acquirement unit for acquiring a value exhibiting a state of the measured object based on the return beam from the measured object, which is obtained by the beam projected from the projection unit; and a control unit for retreating the division unit from an optical path based on the value acquired by the acquirement unit.

Abstract: An SS OCT interferometry device for measuring a sample, in particular from an eye. The device interferometrically generates a measuring signal and from the signal a depth-resolved contrast signal of the sample by spectral tuning of the central wavelength of the measurement radiation of a measuring signal, and has a control unit for this purpose. The device includes a sample motion detector, which provides a motion signal indicating movement of or in the sample, the control unit uses the motion signal to correct the measuring signal with respect to measuring errors that are caused by a movement of or in the sample before or during the generation of the depth-resolved contrast signal.

Abstract: System and method for 3D retinal disruption/elevation detection, measurement and presentation using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) are provided. The present invention is capable of detecting and measuring the abnormal changes of retinal layers (retinal disruptions), caused by retinal diseases, such as hard drusen, soft drusen, Pigment Epithelium Detachment (PED), Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV), Geographic Atrophy (GA), intra retinal fluid space, and exudates etc. The presentations of the results are provided with quantitative measurements of disruptions in retina and can be used for diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a device for performing a gaze field sobriety test are disclosed. The device includes a housing. A light source is affixed in or on the housing. The light source generates light during at least a portion of the gaze field sobriety test. A speaker positioned in or on the housing generates sounds during at least a portion of the gaze field sobriety test. A power source is coupled to the speaker and the light source. An input is positioned on the housing. The input is selectable by a test administrator to initiate an audible sound through the speaker at a predetermined time interval during at least a portion of the gaze field sobriety test. The audible sound provides an indication to the test administrator during the gaze field sobriety test to assist in proper performance of the gaze field sobriety test.

Abstract: Various embodiments of a device for performing a gaze field sobriety test are disclosed. The device includes a housing. A light source is affixed in or on the housing. The light source generates light during at least a portion of the gaze field sobriety test. A speaker positioned in or on the housing generates sounds during at least a portion of the gaze field sobriety test. A power source is coupled to the speaker and the light source. An input is positioned on the housing. The input is selectable by a test administrator to initiate an audible sound through the speaker at a predetermined time interval during at least a portion of the gaze field sobriety test. The audible sound provides an indication to the test administrator during the gaze field sobriety test to assist in proper performance of the gaze field sobriety test.

Abstract: There is provided a technique for efficiently acquiring a tomogram of an eye portion. A diagnosis support apparatus includes a wide-area image acquisition means for acquiring a wide-area image of an eye portion, a detection means for detecting a lesion candidate on the eye portion by analyzing the wide-area image acquired by the wide-area image acquisition means, a determination means for determining a parameter associated with acquisition of a tomogram of the eye portion, based on a lesion candidate detection result obtained by the detection means, and a tomogram acquisition means for acquiring a tomogram of the eye portion based on the parameter determined by the determination means.

Abstract: A device (20) and methods for concurrently taking multiple partially overlapping still or video images (60) of the iridocorneal angle (12) of an eye (1). Device (20) typically comprises a single chassis (100) with an outer surface (101) that approximately matches the curvature of the ocular surface (4). Multiple discrete optical imaging systems (200) are aimed through the cornea (3) and the anterior chamber (17), producing non-coplanar optical paths (21) directed towards corresponding partially overlapping zones (11) of the iridocorneal angle (12). Each system (200) may comprise one or more optical lenses (210, 211), with either fixed or variable position, and a corresponding digital sensor (220) or portion of a larger common shared digital sensor (221).

Abstract: In addition to a first detector for capturing a potential movement field of the eye in overview images, a second detector is used to capture a particular section of the eye in sectional images. From a displacement between two overview images and an intermediate displacement between two sectional images taken between said overview images, the eye movement is determined by linking said displacements. The sections are preferably illuminated by coherent light such that interfering light diffused on the eye produces a patch pattern. Alternatively, the sclera of the eye is illuminated with coherent light such that light diffused on the sclera produces a patch pattern, of which a particular part is captured using a spatially resolving detector in sectional images, on the basis of which an intermediate displacement is determined.

Abstract: An imaging device includes an illuminating unit configured to illuminate a measurement object with light from a light source; an aberration correcting unit configured to correct aberration of the measurement object occurring in light returning from the measurement object, the returning light being provided by light illuminating the measurement object through an area differing from a center axis of the illuminating unit; and an image obtaining unit configured to obtain an image of the measurement object on the basis of light returning from the measurement object, the returning light being provided by light that is provided after the aberration is corrected by the aberration correcting unit and that illuminates the measurement object through the center axis of the illuminating unit.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention refer to a system for registering and tracking the position of a person's eye, in particular for refractive ophthalmic surgery. According to embodiments, the system is structured such that eye images containing at least the iris and the pupil of the eye are made at a first wavelength of light and that eye images containing scleral blood vessels are made at a different second wavelength of light. The invention furthermore refers to a corresponding method for registering and tracking the position of a person's eye.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for diagnosing optic neuropathic diseases including glaucoma, are provided. The apparatus for diagnosing optical neuropathic diseases measures a thickness of a retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) using methods such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser polarimetry, and includes a scanning unit which scans along an optic nerve margin in the proximity of an optic nerve head, a pattern analyzing unit which analyzes a pattern of the RNFL scanned by the scanning unit, and a disease determining unit which determines a presence of the disease based on the pattern of the RNFL analyzed by the pattern analyzing unit.

Abstract: An ophthalmic device and method actively correcting possible movement of the eye of a patient with respect to the correct positioning during the examination are described. An illumination light beam is provided, that passes through a cross-section of the anterior chamber of the eye to capture an image on the corneal vertex.

Abstract: A visual display characterized by hidden reference illuminators is adapted to emit invisible light for generating corneo-scleral reflections on an eye watching a screen surface of the display. The tracking of such reflections and the pupil center provides input for gaze tracking. A method for equipping and an LCD with a reference illuminator are also provided. A system and method for determining a gaze point of an eye watching a visual display comprising reference illuminators are further provided. The determination of the gaze point may be based on an ellipsoidal cornea model.

Abstract: A method for obtaining a tomographic image of a fundus by optical coherence tomography includes the steps of setting a line, based on which the fundus tomographic image is to be obtained, on a first front image of the fundus, the first front image being a still image, establishing a positional correspondence between a second front image of the fundus and the first front image by matching the first and second front images, specifying a line on the second front image based on positional information on the line set on the first front image, and the established positional correspondence, and obtaining the fundus tomographic image that corresponds to the lines on the first and second front images by scanning measurement light with the use of an optical scanner provided to an interference optical system.

Abstract: An eye tracking apparatus for monitoring the movement of a user's eye, the apparatus including: a display for displaying an image; an eye imaging sensor for monitoring the user's eye and for providing an output indicative of the user's point of regard in the user's field of vision; an optical combiner arranged, in use, in optical communication with the display, the eye imaging sensor and the user's eye; said optical combiner arranged to receive the displayed image from the display, to project said image into the user's field of vision, to receive electromagnetic radiation reflected from the user's eye and to pass said reflected radiation to the eye imaging sensor; wherein the optical combiner is adapted to substantially correct for aberrations in the reflected radiation introduced therein by the optical combiner.

Abstract: A portable fundus observation apparatus includes a body, at least one optical detecting module, and a data processing unit. The body includes a fixing part for fixing the body onto the ocular region of a subject. The optical detecting module includes a light source, an optical lens module, and an image capturing unit. The optical detecting module is separably fixed onto the body. The data processing unit electrically couples with the optical detecting module and processes the fundus image captured by the image capturing unit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fine-tuning refractive shapes for vision treatment are provided. Techniques encompass determining a variable index of refraction for a cornea of the eye, and determining the refractive treatment shape for the eye based on the variable index of refraction. Techniques also encompass determining a variable radius of curvature of an anterior surface of a cornea of the eye, and determining the refractive treatment shape for the eye based on the variable radius of curvature.

Abstract: A blink detection algorithm and associated circuitry for an ophthalmic lens comprising an electronic system is described herein. The blink detection algorithm is implemented in the system controller which is part of an electronic system incorporated into the ophthalmic lens. The electronic system includes one or more batteries or other power sources, power management circuitry, one or more sensors, clock generation circuitry, control algorithms and circuitry, and lens driver circuitry.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope includes a therapy beam source configured to apply therapy beam pulses onto an eye and a drive unit configured to store information about the therapy beam pulses applied onto the eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope includes a display, a therapy beam source, and a drive unit. The display is configured to display a live image of a patient's eye. The therapy beam source is configured to apply therapy beam pulses onto the eye. The drive unit is configured to superimpose onto the live image of the eye a virtual pattern of positions intended for the application of therapy beam pulses.

Abstract: An ophthalmoscope comprising includes a display, a therapy beam source, and a drive unit. The display is configured to display a live image of a patient's eye. The therapy beam source is configured to apply therapy beam pulses onto the eye. The drive unit is configured to superimpose onto the live image of the eye target positions intended for the application of therapy beam pulses.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus for measuring spatial distances within a patient's eye is disclosed. The apparatus can be used to measure, for example, the capsular bag depth in an aphakic eye. The spatial measurement system can direct laser light into a patient's eye so that a portion of the light is scattered by the capsular bag. The scattered light can be directed to a detector where spots can be formed corresponding to the locations on the capsular bag from which the light was scattered. The distance from the cornea to the capsular bag can be determined based, for example, at least in part on the distance between the spots formed on the detector. In some embodiments, the apparatus can include a surgical microscope and/or a wavefront aberrometer. In some embodiments, an alignment system can be used to precisely position the apparatus relative to the patient's eye.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a pupillary light reflex (PLR) system, wherein the PLR system includes a remote tracking and imaging system that is structured and operable to generate and acquire high resolution pupil stimulus and response data from a test subject while the test subject is moving and is disposed a distance from remote tracking and imaging system that is greater than or equal to one-third of a meter. The PLR system additionally includes a computer based system controller that is structure and operable to execute PLR software to control the operation of the remote tracking and imaging system and compute PLR information based on the pupil stimulus and response data acquired as the test subject is moving.

Abstract: A system and method are provided that use eye gaze as a pointing or selection tool, which enables hands-free operation of a display such as a television. wherein the use of eye gaze as an input can also lead to easier and faster interactions when compared to traditional remote controls. A system and method are also provided that use eye tracking on displays such as televisions to determine what content was viewed and, by association, what content was of most interest to the user. Systems and methods are also described that enable interaction with elements displayed in an augmented reality environment using gaze tracking and for controlling gaze tracking on a portable electronic device.

Abstract: The invention relates to ophthalmic spectacles for characterizing a convergence of the eyes of a wearer. Each lens of the spectacles is provided with output sections for guiding a radiation towards the side areas of an eye of the carrier, in which the right and left portions of the corneal margin of said eye are in motion. The lens further comprises input sections for collecting the portions of said radiation reflected in said side areas of the eye. A computing unit is also combined with the spectacles in order to determine the convergence of the eyes of the wearer from detection signals measuring the portions of the radiation that are simultaneously collected by the input sections of the two lenses.

Abstract: A display unit 11 has a display area of a predetermined shape and displays an image on the display area. An image capturing unit 12 generates data of a captured image by capturing an image of an eye 2 of a user in which the display area is reflected. A reference detection unit 21 detects a moving reference point that moves along with the movement of user's eye-gaze and an unmoving reference point that can be assumed as approximately stationary regardless of the user's eye-gaze movement, and generates a vector drawn from the unmoving reference point to the moving reference point as a shift amount V(x,y). An eye-gaze detection unit 22 detects a movement vector ?V(?x,?y) as the user's eye-gaze movement amount based on a reference shift amount Vo(xo,yo) generated in the past and the shift amount V(x,y) currently generated.

Abstract: An illumination device (10) is described for an observation device (100) having one, two or more observation beam paths (16, 17), each with at least one observation beam bundle, particularly for an operating microscope, the illumination device having at least one light source (11, 12) for producing at least one illumination beam path (14, 15) with at least one illumination beam bundle for illuminating an object to be observed, in particular, an eye to be observed, the illumination device (10) having at least one illumination optics unit, which has a collector (18, 22), and the at least one illumination beam path (14, 15) or the at least one illumination beam bundle running coaxially to an observation beam path (16, 17) or observation beam bundle.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ophthalmic instrument and method for measuring, controlling, and handling aberrations (1) of the eyes (2, 3), which further simultaneously provide visual stimulants when operating same. The instrument consists of a single device for correcting aberrations (4) as well as a single aberration sensor (5), optically connected by an optical system (14). A lighting system (9) introduces beams of light into both eyes. The measurement, control, and handling of the aberrations (1), as well as the providing of visual stimulants (6), are simultaneously and binocularly (7, 8) carried out.

Abstract: Methods and systems for unlocking a screen using eye tracking information are described. A computing system may include a display screen. The computing system may be in a locked mode of operation after a period of inactivity by a user. Locked mode of operation may include a locked screen and reduced functionality of the computing system. The user may attempt to unlock the screen. The computing system may generate a display of a moving object on the display screen of the computing system. An eye tracking system may be coupled to the computing system. The eye tracking system may track eye movement of the user. The computing system may determine that a path associated with the eye movement of the user substantially matches a path associated with the moving object on the display and switch to be in an unlocked mode of operation including unlocking the screen.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for irradiating a beam at a user's eye gaze point and an operation method thereof. The apparatus includes an eye gaze point detecting part analyzing a movement of a user's pupils and detecting the user's eye gaze point, and a beam irradiation part irradiating a beam at the user's eye gaze point detected by the eye gaze point detecting part. The apparatus detects the user's current eye gaze point and irradiates the beam at the user's detected eye gaze point, thereby allowing for the performance of desired control with greater accuracy.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for quantitatively imaging the retinal fundus. The method for retinal health assessment comprises imaging the retinal fundus of a patient's eye at different wavelengths within a spectral range and determining spectral reflectivity of the retina for each pixel within a field of view (FOV). The retinal health is assessed based on the spectral reflectivity of the retina. The metabolic and anatomical activity of the eye is monitored to detect, at the earliest stage, activity that could lead to the onset of blinding eye diseases such as macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, cataracts, etc.

Abstract: Provided is an ophthalmologic image pickup apparatus for measuring movement of an eye to be inspected at higher speed than a conventional one. The ophthalmologic image pickup apparatus for acquiring an image of an eye to be inspected based on return light from the eye to be inspected which is irradiated with measuring light via a scanning unit, includes: a position acquiring unit for acquiring a plurality of positions of characteristic portions in the image of the eye to be inspected based on the return light from the eye to be inspected corresponding respectively to a plurality of scanning lines of the scanning unit in the image of the eye to be inspected; and a measuring unit for measuring movement of the eye to be inspected based on the plurality of positions.

Abstract: A fundus imaging apparatus comprises: a plurality of light source modules with different wavelengths; a moving unit adapted to move one of the plurality of light source modules to a position to illuminate a fundus of an eye to be examined through an illumination optical system, based on a selected imaging mode; and an image sensor which captures feedback light from the fundus of the eye illuminated through the illumination optical system.

Abstract: An ophthalmological measuring device for determining geometric structures in an eye includes an optical, triangulating measurement system for determining at least one geometric reference in the eye by triangulation, and an optical, interferometric measurement system for determining geometric detailed structures in the eye by optical interferometry. The measuring device is designed to position the geometric detailed structures determined by the interferometric measurement system on the basis of the at least one geometric reference in the eye determined by the triangulating measurement system.

Abstract: A pair of spectacles that can automatically change its power so that a fixation region of interest (ROI) of the user is always in focus. The automatic accommodative spectacle device includes focusing elements, sensors, line of sight detector, focus engine, focusing element controller, and power supply. The line of sight detector determines the line of sight for the left and right eyes of the user using data from the sensors. The focus engine uses the lines of sight for left and right eyes to determine the user's fixation ROI. The fixation ROI is used to determine powers for the focusing elements in order to bring the fixation ROI into focus. The focusing element controller carries out the needed optical power adjustment to apply to the focusing elements. Optional light sources may be provided.

Abstract: The present invention may provide a stereoscopic image display device capable of preventing crosstalk or reduction of viewing angles upon displaying stereoscopic images, and improving image quality such as contrast ratio; an optical filter for the stereoscopic image display device; polarizing glasses for observing stereoscopic images; or a method of improving stereoscopic image quality.

Abstract: Device for measuring wave fronts generated by a lens (4) for an eye, with a radiation source (14) for emitting test radiation (12) to be directed at the lens (4) and a sensor device (26) for detecting wave fronts of incident test radiation after interaction with the lens, wherein the sensor device scans the test radiation (20) after interaction with the lens (4) at a scanning frequency which is at least equal in size to the frequency at which changes in wave fronts occur in the test radiation (20) after interaction with the lens (4).

Abstract: An electro-oculography estimating device includes: a distance obtaining unit which obtains a right-eye corneal distance, a right-eye retinal distance, a left-eye corneal distance, and a left-eye retinal distance; and an electro-oculography theoretical value calculating unit which calculates an electro-oculography theoretical value generated at the given three-dimensional positions, based on the right-eye corneal distance, the right-eye retinal distance, the left-eye corneal distance, and the left-eye retinal distance that are obtained by the distance obtaining unit, as an input into an electro-oculography model that is a function for calculating the electro-oculography theoretical value generated in the given three-dimensional spatial position, based on the right-eye corneal distance, the right-eye retinal distance, the left-eye corneal distance, and the left-eye retinal distance.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic imaging apparatus includes an observation light source configured to generate infrared light for illuminating a subject's eye via an illumination optical system, an imaging unit configured to receive light returned from the subject's eye via an imaging optical system, and an electronic shutter control unit configured to refresh charge generated caused by light received by the imaging unit in response to turning off of the observation light source.

Abstract: The technology provides various embodiments for controlling brightness of a see-through, near-eye mixed display device based on light intensity of what the user is gazing at. The opacity of the display can be altered, such that external light is reduced if the wearer is looking at a bright object. The wearer's pupil size may be determined and used to adjust the brightness used to display images, as well as the opacity of the display. A suitable balance between opacity and brightness used to display images may be determined that allows real and virtual objects to be seen clearly, while not causing damage or discomfort to the wearer's eyes.

Abstract: An eye tracker includes at least one illuminator for illuminating an eye, at least two cameras for imaging the eye and a controller. The configuration of the reference illuminator and cameras is such that, at least one camera is coaxial with a reference illuminator and at least one camera is non-coaxial with a reference illuminator. The controller selects one of the cameras to be active to increase an image quality metric and avoid obscuring objects. The eye tracker is operable in a dual-camera mode to improve accuracy.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system for observing a cornea for transplantation which includes: an illumination means for illuminating the cornea for transplantation contained in a container; an entire-view imaging means for imaging the substantial entirety of the interior of the container; a position adjusting means for adjusting the position and angle of the cornea for transplantation; a magnified-view imaging means for imaging a magnified view of the cornea for transplantation illuminated by the illumination means; an image display means for displaying each image taken by the entire-view imaging means and the magnified-view imaging means; and an image control means for controlling each image.