Abstract: A 70 mm motion picture film (80 in FIG. 3) is provided which can be projected by a standard 70 mm motion picture projector onto widely available theater projection screens, where the film results in a projected image (90) having a width-to-height (E/F) aspect ratio of 2.4 to 1, instead of the previous 2.2 to 1 aspect ratio, with the projected image having the same height as previously. The new 70 mm film has film frames (82) that each occupies over 95% of the horizontal distance (M) between the two rows of perforations (60, 62), and preferably 99% of the distance between the rows of perforations. Sound is produced by a disk controlled by a timing track (96) that lies between one row of perforations (60) and an edge (106) of the film strip.

Abstract: The invention concerns a cassette for photographic film.The cassette for photographic film according to the invention comprises: a winding spool (45); a photographic film (41) designed to be wound on said winding spool, means being provided for fixing one end of the film to said spool, said film being provided with perforations (48) formed at intervals along at least one of its longitudinal edges, and designed to cooperate with drive means (46) provided on a camera (42), a perforated leader (43) enabling the film to be engaged with said drive means (46) of said camera for the purpose of its winding onto a receiving spool (44), at least one of the perforations (60) of the leader intended for the initial engagement of the film (41) with the drive means (46) being longer along the longitudinal axis of the film than the other perforations (48).

Abstract: A new 35 mm motion picture film is described which minimizes the amount of film stock that is used, and which facilitates industry acceptance by assuring at least present image quality. The new motion picture format (12) has film frames (20) of a size (22, 24) that is slightly greater than that (J, K) of the mask aperture (H) of the current Wide Screen Academy Format. However, the film frames are spaced by a distance (26) that is more than two but less than three times a standard perforation spacing distance (E). The film stock can be different from current film stock, with a perforation spacing distance (48, 68) that results in 2 or 3 perforations per frame.

Abstract: Systems are described for precisely positioning motion picture film frames at a camera film gate by the use of registration pins that project into film perforations, where the film frames are spaced by 2.5 perforations instead of the standard 4 perforations. In one system, the registration mechanism includes two sets of registration pins which project into film frames as the film is advanced in steps of 2.5 perforations. In another system, additional holes are punched into the standard film stock, so there are holes or perforations located at 2.5 perforation spacings along the length of the film, so only one set of registration pins is required for precision registration of film frames spaced by 2.5 perforations.

Abstract: A photo film includes first and second edges (2a) extended in a length direction (X), and perforations (3) formed between at least the first edge and an effective frame region (2b) and arranged in the length direction at a regular pitch. The perforations (3) respectively include first to fourth corners (3a, 3b). The first and second corners (3b) are located close to the effective frame region (2b). The third and fourth corners (3a) are located close to the first edge (2a). At least the first corner (3b) of the perforations is curved at a radius (Ri) of curvature of 0.03 mm or less. The first corner is torn when tensile force applied to the perforations comes up to a critical value, and induces cutting of the effective frame region crosswise to the length direction.

Abstract: This invention is a photographic film proposed to facilitate a cutting operation of the photographic film by accurately cutting a longitudinal central position of perforations and to facilitate an editing operation of cut stereo photographs, and has a constitution which has perforations provided along the vicinities of both upper and lower side edges of the photographic film, cutting marks described as latent images by preexposure at a longitudinal center of a periphery of each perforation. Further, frame numbers for a stereo photograph are described as latent images by preexposure at a lower edge of each photographic picture plane of the film.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the positioning of a filmstrip in a film scanning gate using signal states derived from a pair of spaced film sprocket holes or perforation ("perf") sensors on either side of the film scanning gate in conjunction with line scan counts and filmstrip drive, stepper motor half-step counts. The filmstrip is advanced by the stepper motor in a pre-scan operation through the film scanning gate for line scanning the image frames at a low resolution and advanced in the reverse direction back into the film scanning gate for high resolution scanning in a main-scan operation. A line scan array of line scan counts and half-step counts as well as first and second perf arrays of half-step counts and perf sensor states are generated in the pre-scan operation. Image frame borders are located in the pre-scan operation as border line scan counts and correlated in the line scan array to the half step counts to go to in the main-scan.

Abstract: A high tensile strength film has at least one small aperture or slit for tearing the film in a direction normal to a longitudinal direction of the film. The aperture has at least one apex which has an acute angle and is directed toward a direction normal to a longitudinal direction of the film. The aperture is in the form of a triangle, a polygon, an oval or a crescent moon.

Abstract: A photographic film which makes it easy to recognize the positions for cutting the photographic film into frames and which can be used for both stereoscopic cameras and general cameras. The photographic film 1 is perforated as designated at 2 along near both the upper and lower side edges thereof maintaining a pitch which is one-half the pitch P of the pair of right and left exposure surfaces of a stereoscopic camera. The perforated holes 2 are located in a gap among the frames irrespective of whether pictures are taken by using a stereoscopic camera having a film-feeding mechanism that corresponds to the perforated holes 2 of the photographic film 1 or by using a one-frame shooting camera. The photographic film 1 can be cut maintaining a correct frame size when it is cut relying upon the upper and lower holes 2 as marks.

Abstract: A new 35 mm motion picture film is described which maximizes usage of film stock, and which facilitates acceptance by motion picture theater owners. Acceptance is facilitated by minimizing the cost for projector head conversion and by assuring at least present image quality. The new motion picture format (12, FIG. 4) has film frames (20) of substantially the same size (22, 24) as the mask aperture (H) of the current Wide Screen Academy Format, and uses the same size and spacing of sprocket holes, or film perforations. However, the film frames are spaced apart by a distance (26) that is a noninteger number of perforations, with the spacing being 2.5 perforations in a preferred format (12). A current projector head is converted for showing the new format, by providing new sprocket wheels (14, FIG. 5) with ten teeth, that mount on the same shafts of the projector head as current sprocket wheels that have sixteen teeth.

Abstract: The present invention is to improve the visibility of a cutting position of a developed reversal film, and in the invention perforations are provided in upper and lower sides of a photographic film at the same pitch as that of the photographic area of a camera. A V-shaped groove is provided in the perforation at a longitudinally central position. The V-shaped grooves in the upper and lower perforations serve as an accurate target for cutting by taking photos with a camera designed such that the perforations are situated at gap portions G between photographic areas or frames.

Abstract: In cutting a film into individual screens and in fitting the screens onto the slide mounts, the positions for cutting the film are correctly set so that the film can be cut easily and quickly. For this purpose, holes are perforated in an opposing manner in both side portions of the film in a direction in which it is fed. The film is loaded into the camera, and a line L connecting the centers of the holes is brought into agreement with the center line of a gap portion between the screens. The film is divided into individual screens when it is cut using a pair of scissors along the lines L that connect the holes of the film. The ends of the holes in the direction of feed are semicircularly formed. Therefore, if the film divided into individual screens is brought into engagement with the positioning pins of the slide mount, semicircular portions of the holes and the positioning pins are fitted to each other, and the film is correctly fitted onto the slide mount.

Abstract: A convertible sprocket for film and like media accommodates different media formats. The sprocket includes a first sprocket wheel support and a first sprocket wheel having a first dimension and supported by the sprocket wheel support. A second sprocket wheel support is co-axial with the first sprocket wheel support. A second sprocket wheel having a second dimension different from the first dimension is supported by the second sprocket wheel support. The second sprocket wheel is axially movable relative to the first sprocket wheel support so that the first sprocket wheel engages the medium when the second sprocket wheel is in a first position relative to the first sprocket support. The second sprocket wheel engages the medium when the second sprocket wheel is in a second position relative to the first sprocket support. The convertible sprocket has a plurality of axially spaced apart sprocket wheel wherein at least two of the sprocket wheels have different diameters.

Abstract: A film cassette is disclosed wherein a filmstrip beginning with a relatively short non-protruding leader portion can be advanced automatically to the exterior of the cassette responsive to rotation of a film spool in a film unwinding direction. The filmstrip has one metering perforation per film frame in a relatively long imaging portion and several much closer spaced take-up perforations in its leader portion. Preferably, the take-up perforations are located along a different longitudinal edge of the filmstrip than the metering perforations are located, to positively prevent the possiblity of mistaking one of the take-up perforations for one of the metering perforations in a camera.

Abstract: A sprocket assembly which allows a film projector or any other film handling device to be readily converted to run film which is either 4-perf or 3-perf. The sprocket assembly includes an outer cylindrical sleeve having teeth for engaging the film perforations when the film is run, and an inner cylindrical sleeve adapted to fit within and antirotationally mate with the outer cylindrical sleeve. The inner sleeve also has teeth for engaging the film perforations. The inner sleeve is mounted on a rotatable shaft of the projector, and the outer sleeve can be added or removed depending on whether the operator wishes to run 3-perf or 4-perf film. The outer and inner sleeves are sized such that when the outer sleeve is used, the film running rate is substantially 4/3 the rate when the inner sleeve alone is used.

Abstract: A photographic film including at least two elongated film strips of photosensitive material each divided into a sequence of longitudinally spaced frames and arranged in face-to-face superposed relation with the frames of the strips being longitudinally aligned, one of the film strips having certain of the frames free of photosensitive material whereby light from an image to be photographed is adapted to pass therethrough for registry on the adjacent strip with the strips being reeled on a single reel.

Abstract: A photographic film, particularly a 35-mm film, which can tear only in a direction opposite from the picture regions of the film. Cuts, such as a V-shaped notch or a linear cut, are formed in the film extending from each perforation in a direction opposite to the picture region of the film. If a high force is applied to the perforations of the film while the film is being conveyed, the film will tear only at the notch thus absorbing the force and preventing damage to the film conveying mechanism.

Abstract: A film magazine contains a roll of film having an image portion and a leader. The filmstrip is perforated at predetermined intervals with larger perforations in the image portion than in the leader. A camera mechanism is disclosed which uses the perforations to advance the filmstrip, detects the size of the perforations, and meters only when a large, image portion perforation is advanced to a predetermined position in the camera.

Abstract: A method of producing stereoscopic film from standard 35 mm film is described in which the standard 35 mm is longitudinally cut in half. Selected sprocket holes in each half are enlarged to provide a series of locating holes at regular intervals along the film. Each locating hole enables a corresponding pair of stereoscopic film frames on the film to be located in a viewing position. Also described is a viewer for viewing the stereoscopic films. The viewer incorporates a locating finger which engages each locating hole in turn to locate and hold the film steady while viewing. The viewer includes a reciprocating drive means for driving the film. The locating finger is withdrawn from a locating hole when the drive means performs its forward stroke and the forward stroke is limited when the finger engages the next hole. The finger remains engaged with the next locating hole during the return stroke of the drive means thereby preventing any inadvertant movement of the film during the return stroke.

Abstract: A system for exposing, processing and projecting strip film comprising a cassette containing a roll of film connected at its ends to supply and takeup reels and passing therebetween through a film gate for cooperation with a camera and with a film drive and projecting system. The cassette contains processing means, operating in a predetermined sequence determined by means within the cassette, and energized by drive energy supplied externally to sprocket holes on the film and to the takeup and supply reels by the film drive and projection system. An electrical signal generator within the cassette supplies an external signal to select the mode of operation of the film drive and projection system in dependence upon the processed or unprocessed state of the film.

Abstract: A system for exposing, processing and projecting strip film comprising a cassette containing a roll of film connected at its ends to supply and takeup reels and passing therebetween through a film gate for cooperation with a camera and with a film drive and projection system. The cassette contains processing means, operating in a predetermined sequence determined by means within the cassette, and energized by drive energy supplied externally to sprocket holes on the film and to the takeup and supply reels by the film drive and projection system. An electrical signal generator within the cassette supplies an external signal to select the mode of operation of the film drive and projection system in dependence upon the processed or unprocessed state of the film.