Abstract: A projector 100 projects an image onto a screen 200 by having light from a light source 111 pass through light valves 108˜110 corresponding to RGB colors and a projection lens 101. A special pattern is displayed on the light valves 108˜110 so that an image of the special pattern is projected onto the screen 200. The projector includes a half mirror 112 that directs light, which has been reflected back off this image on the screen 200 and back through the light valves 108˜110, toward the collective lens 113, and a light detecting element 114 for detecting the intensity of the light collected by the collective lens 113. Based on the detected intensity, the microcomputer 116 automatically adjusts the projection parameters of the projector 100.

Abstract: In the feed screw device, both end parts of a feed screw are movably supported through cushioning members, and an inertia force of the feed screw after a movable member moved by the feed screw has collided against a stopper is absorbed by a movement in an axial direction of the feed screw, so that an impact at a drive end can be softened. When the guide part comes into contact with the stopper and a projection lens barrel is positioned at an upper end of a moving stroke, an upward movement of the projection lens barrel is stopped, but a motor is not stopped and is in a rotating state. A driving power of the motor is continuously transmitted to the feed screw, but since an upward movement of a nut member is restricted, a force of a downward movement is given from the motor to the feed screw. Then, the feed screw moves downward against an urging force of a spring. By this action, an impact force at the time when the guide part comes into contact with the stopper is softened.

Abstract: A projector is provided in which the production of an outer casing is facilitated, cooling efficiency is maintained well, and the outward appearance is preferable. A dustproof ventilating member is mounted in a clearance formed between the rim of an opening of a front casing forming an outer casing, and a projection lens. For this reason, cooling air can be reliably drawn into a device via the ventilating member. Since this eliminates the necessity for forming a meshed air inlet in the outer casing, the production of the outer casing is facilitated, and the manufacturing operation of the projector is easily performed. Moreover, cooling efficiency is maintained well, and the outward appearance is made preferable.

Abstract: The present invention to provides a projection system for three-dimensional movement of projected modulated beam. It comprises a stationary light source, a projection lens, an optical path from the light source to the projection lens and a light beam modulating element in the optical path. The light modulating element moves with the projection lens. The image is generated at a location whereafter the modulated beam is not deflected anymore before arriving at the projection lens. Therefore there is no rotation of the modulated light beam around its own optical axis, independent of the direction of projection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for compensating an engine location for a projection monitor in horizontal and vertical directions, as well as the angle of the engine, so that it is possible to accurately compensate the location of the engine. The apparatus includes a base, a wedge plate fixed on the base, a mounting plate movably fixed on the wedge plate in horizontal and vertical directions and having a circular mounting groove on a center portion of the same, and a stage having a circular support base at a lower portion of the same. The circular support base is rotatably mounted in the circular mounting groove of the mounting plate, an engine is mounted on the stage, and a retainer prevents escape of the circular support base of the stage from the mounting groove while facilitating rotation of the support base and fixing of same at the rotated position.

Abstract: A projection system includes a total reflection element, an image reader, an analysis system and a server device. The image reader reads a projective image guided by the optical projection device and the total reflection element and outputs a read signal. The analysis system analyzes the read image by an evaluation function and determines the clearest image on the projective plane so as to output an adjustment signal. The server device automatically performs the focal adjustment to the optical projection device based on the adjustment signal.

Abstract: An optical device for projection display system comprising: a LCD projector, a luminescent spot projector for forming a luminescent spot on a screen, a luminescent spot extracting means for extracting light from the luminescent spot out of a reflected light from the screen, a luminescent spot detecting means for detecting the reflected luminescent spot and a luminescent control means for controlling a display image forming operation of the LCD projector based on the detection signal wherein the luminescent spot extracting means is an holographic mirror optically processed at, at least one wavelength of the luminescent spot projector.

Abstract: An optical lens module adjustable in two dimensions, to adjust an optical axis aligned with a projection light beam. An inside lens holder lens is used to support the optical lens module. The optical lens has an optical axis. A frame is installed inside of an enclosure of a projector in which the optical lens module is installed. There is a tolerance window between the frame and the enclosure of the projector to allow the inside lens holder to move within the tolerance window. The inside lens holder and the lens can move up and down inside of the frame. According to the adjustment in two different directions, the optical path of the projection can be adjusted identical to the projection light beam.

Abstract: A projector that can project a picture up and down on a screen free from the trapezium deformation, and allows the projection lens to be exchanged with other projection lens by an easy operation from outside of the front panel, without necessitating dismounting of any of the internal structure of projection apparatus. Projection lens shifts its standing up and down in accordance with revolving of a revolving knob disposed on the upper part of the projection apparatus. For the exchange of projection lens, a projection lens can be unscrewed and detached from the outer cylindrical section 9-2 of lens holding member 9 by turning the inner barrel 8 from outside the cabinet at the front.

Abstract: An image display system, for displaying an image on a screen in response to a position of a pointer, includes an image display unit for displaying the image on the screen, a detector for detecting coordinates responsive to the position of the pointer, and a display controller. The display controller controls the display to display an image indicating the position pointed by the pointer at position coordinates spaced by a predetermined distance from the position coordinates detected by the detector.

Abstract: In a projection type picture display apparatus, three degrees of freedom out of six degrees of freedom which are adjusted by an angle-of-view adjusting mechanism are adjusted by using one adjusting plate (three-axis adjusting plate). The adjusting plate on which a projection unit is fixedly supported rotates the projection unit around the X-axis or Z-axis with respect to a screen disposed in parallel to the XY plane and translates the projection unit in the Y-axis direction to adjust three degrees of freedom. The adjusting plate has first, second and third support shafts extending in the Y-axis direction, a first adjusting shaft engageable with the first and second support shafts, and a second adjusting shaft engageable with the first and third support shafts, and adjusts the three degrees of freedom of the projection unit on the basis of the combination of the engagements.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes a chamber surrounding a predetermined space, a first gas supply unit for supplying a first gas into the chamber, a second gas supply unit for supplying a second gas, different from the first gas into the chamber, and a switching mechanism for supplying one of the first and second gases by switching between the first and second gas supply units.

Abstract: A projection display device includes a lens module, a light source and an adjusting device. The lens module has a first lens and a second lens. The light source emits light through the first lens and the second lens to a surface. The adjusting device is used to change the distance between the first lens and the second lens, thereby adjusting brightness and uniformity of the projected pictures on the surface.

Abstract: A reflection type projector includes a light source, a micro mirror device having many micromirrors two-dimensionally arranged, a separation prism and a projection lens. The separation prism is disposed between the light source and the micro mirror device. The separation prism is provided with a first surface on which the illumination light is incident, a second surface whose half part faces to the micro mirror device and the remaining half part is directed to the projection lens, and a third surface. The illumination light passes through the first and second surface to be incident on the micro mirror device. The reflected light from the micro mirror device is incident on the second surface. The separation prism is disposed so that the reflected light by the micromirrors at the ON position totally reflected by the first and third surface and the reflected light by the micromirrors at the OFF position is not totally reflected by the third surfaces.

Abstract: A projector comprises as mounted on a chassis a light source, a projection lens for projecting light on a screen, dichroic mirrors positioned on an optical path from the light source for separating light into R, G and B, and a relay lens disposed on the longest of optical paths of R, G, B and interposed between the dichroic mirror and the projection lens for causing the light on the longest path to reach the projection lens. An adjusting mechanism is mounted on the chassis for moving the relay lens upward, downward, leftward or rightward in a plane orthogonal to the optical path thereof. The relay lens is moved for adjustment to make the corresponding irradiating light to be incident on the liquid-crystal panel within a minimum required range of irradiation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystal display projector with a lens protecting device capable of protecting and positioning lens of liquid crystal display projector. The lens protecting device of the invention comprises a cover, a top housing, a bottom housing, an actuating device, a plurality of springs and a mirror, where the lens is secured in the top housing and the actuating device also is connected to the top housing. Moreover, the mirror is located in the cover, and the top housing and the bottom housing are connected to each other by said springs. Further, the cover can be connected to the top housing or the projector with at least one hinge and projection of the projector is adjusted by only rotating the cover around the hinge. When the top housing is gradually covered by the cover, the actuating device will touch the top housing and deform these springs such that the top housing is located into the LCD projector and the lens is located in the protecting position.

Abstract: An overhead projector of the under mirror type includes a projection head assembly supported on a column so as to be located over a stage on the top of a housing and so as to be pivotable between a standing position and a stowed position. A projection lens is fixed on a lens frame and a reflecting mirror is fixed on a mirror plate. Both the lens frame and the mirror plate are rotatably mounted on a single shaft further mounted on the head body of the projection head assembly so that angles of the lens and the mirror are increased and decreased. The lens frame is rotated by a self-weight of the lens in such a direction that the angle of the lens is decreased, when the projection head assembly assumes the standing position. A link lever interconnects the lens frame and the mirror plate so that the angles of them are adjusted so that the angle of the lens doubles that of the mirror. A mirror locking element locks the mirror at a position where the angle of the mirror is maximum.

Abstract: A projection-type display apparatus in accordance with the invention reduces the margin formed around the image forming range of the light valves, and forms a bright projected image. Emitted light from a light source lamp unit of a projection-type display apparatus illuminates liquid crystal light valves of each color via an integrator optical system. First and second lens plates of an integrator optical system that serves as a uniform illuminating optical system are disposed such that the attachment position thereof is capable of fine adjustment in a direction vertical to the optical axis. By performing fine adjustment of the attachment position of these, the forming position of the illumination range B can be adjusted to include the image forming range A of the liquid crystal light valves. Accordingly, there is no need to provide a wide margin around the image forming range A, taking shifting of the forming position of the illumination range B into consideration.

Abstract: A linear actuator (20) includes a frame (50) having a frame bore (52) that is threaded with an internal coarse thread (54). An antijam nut (56) is externally threaded with the coarse thread (58) and engaged to the internal coarse thread (54) of the frame bore (52) within the frame bore (52). The antijam nut (56) is also internally threaded with a fine thread (62). A first antijam nut endstop (70) is affixed to the frame (50) such that the antijam nut (56) contacts the first antijam nut endstop (70) at a first range limit within the frame bore (52). A leadscrew (64) has a first portion externally threaded with the fine thread (66) and engaged to the internal fine thread (62) of the antijam nut (56). A leadscrew support (82) is engaged to the leadscrew (64), and a rotational drive (84) is connected to the leadscrew (64). The frame (50) and the leadscrew support (82) are linearly movable relative to each other.

Abstract: A projecting optical system projects an image formed on a primary image plane obliquely onto a secondary image plane. The projecting optical system has a plurality of partial optical systems decentered from each other. The projecting optical system also has a plurality of zoom optical systems. The zoom optical systems are moved to continuously vary an image magnification. During the movement, the secondary image plane is kept in a fixed position.

Abstract: A reflection type projector includes a light source, a reflection type light modulating element, a projection lens, a condenser lens, and first and second adjusting mechanisms. An illumination light emitted from the light source passes through the condenser lens and enters into the reflection type light modulating element. The reflected light from the element passes through the condenser lens and is projected on the screen to form an image through the projection lens. The first adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the projection lens along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the projection lens to move the position of the projected image. The second adjusting mechanism adjusts the position of the condenser lens along a direction parallel to the adjusting direction of the projection lens so that the reflected light enters into the projection lens.

Abstract: A palm size laser indicator disk capable of adjusting the shapes of light emitted therefrom includes an adjustment ring, a disk cover, a disk, an annular lens, a laser generating component, and a plurality of connecting screws. By turning the adjustment ring, one of a plurality of patterns of high transparency and different shapes may be caused to be penetrated by the laser light to generate different light shapes.

Abstract: A laser beam scanning apparatus and method for providing controllable print density. The laser beam scanning apparatus includes a modulator for modulating a light beam, a rotating polygon mirror for deflectively scanning a light beam which is passed through the modulator, at least one lens unit having at least one lens which is movable to a position on the optical axis and a position completely off the optical axis, and a controller for switching the modulating clock frequency of the modulator and the rotating speed of the polygon mirror together with selective shifting of the at least one lens unit or lens thereof to a position on the optical axis or completely off the optical axis whereby the method effects control of the apparatus for controlling print density.

Abstract: Several different magnification lenses are adjustably mounted in a contour projector housing for movement selectively and one by one into operative registry with an entrance lens that faces a workpiece that is to be inspected. Spaced illuminators in the housing direct light beams onto opposite sides of the workpiece to produce combined profile and surface images thereof that are projected by the entrance lens and the registering magnification lens onto the reflective surface of a first mirror. This mirror projects the combined, magnified images in the housing onto a second mirror, which then projects the combined images onto a projection screen mounted in the housing for observation by the person using the projector.

Abstract: A projector for separating white light into three primary colors, forming images with liquid crystal light valves, mixing these images, and projecting an enlarged picture of the mixed images with a projection lens. The projector includes an optical unit having a light source, a plurality of dichroic mirrors for separating the white light into blue, green, and red beams, respective liquid crystal light valves forming images of the blue, green, and red colors. The optical unit has a chassis with a rigid center portion at which one of the liquid crystal light valves is mounted, the other two light valves being mounted symmetrically with respect thereto. An adjustment mechanism is provided for matching pixels of the second and third color valves with those of the first color valve. The red color liquid crystal light valve is disposed midway between the blue and green color liquid crystal light valves and a cooling fan is disposed below the red color liquid crystal light valve.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an illuminating device for illuminating a projection image. The illuminating device includes a light source having of a collector-mirror-incorporated lamp, an adapter lens capable of being mounted in or dismounted out of an optical path, and a field lens capable of moving on the optical axis. A projection lens projects the projection image under illumination of the illuminating device onto a projection surface.

Abstract: A nut 13 is provided on a holding board 9 of a barrel 8 housing a projection lens. At both sides of a holding base 11 are supporting plates 12 having a stepping shape for presenting a sliding gap, and the holding board 9 is inserted in the sliding gap. At an upper corner of the holding base 11 is a pivot pedestal 14, and a shift rod 15 is attached revolvable to the pivot pedestal 14, the shift rod 15 having a screw portion 16 that engage with the nut 13. The projection lens moves up and down driven via nut 13 by revolution of the shift rod 15, for the height adjustment of projection lens.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display projector comprising a light source, a group of mirrors, liquid crystal display devices, a projection lens, a main body containing the light source, group of mirrors, liquid crystal display devices and projection lens, and a mechanism whereby the projection lens is allowed to retract into and protrude from the main body.

Abstract: An output light from an light source lamp unit 8 in a projection-type display apparatus illuminates liquid-crystal light valves 925R, 925G and 925B for three colors via an integrator optical system 923. A superimposing lens 930 that is a component of the integrator optical system 923 as a uniform illumination optical system is arranged such that the mounting position of the superimposing lens 930 is fine-adjustable in a direction orthogonal to an optical axis 1a. By fine-adjusting the mounting position of the superimposing lens 930, the position of an illumination area B is adjusted such that the illumination area includes the image forming area A of the liquid-crystal light valve. It is not necessary to assure a wide margin around the image forming area A to cover the offset of the position of the illumination area B. As a result, the utilization of illumination light is heightened and a bright projected image results.

Abstract: In a projection exposure apparatus, two plane-parallel plates, which are equal in thickness and refractive index, are interposed between a projection optical system and a wafer. By tilting these two plane-parallel plates at the same angle in opposite directions with respect to the optical axis of the optical system by means of an adjusting device, astigmatism caused in the optical system by exposure is corrected. The amount of astigmatism is calculated by a calculating device based on the amount of light incident on the optical system per unit of time which is obtained according to the output of a light amount sensor.

Abstract: A pixellated light valve projector with optical image resizing, comprising: a) a lamp and optical integrator for generating a rectangular beam of light according to a predetermined aspect ratio; b) a pixellated panel for generating a rectangular image of a video signal in any one of a plurality of native pixel formats; c) a relay optical system intermediate the optical integrator and the pixellated panel for automatically concentrating the light onto the image in accordance with the one of the plurality of native pixel formats; d) a projection screen; and e) a projection lens for projecting the image onto the projection screen so that the projected image fills the projection screen in accordance with the one of the plurality of native pixel formats while image brightness level is maintained by concentrating the light onto the image on the pixellated panel.

Abstract: An image input apparatus includes an illumination unit to produce a quantity of light to illuminate a transmitting original and a support unit operable to allow the quantity of light to be scanned and to support and move the transmitting original. Additionally, the image input apparatus includes a reading unit to read light which is received by or passed through the transmitting original.

Abstract: The present invention includes an invertible and orthoscopic LCD projector having a LCD panel for providing display information that is projected toward a display screen to form a display image. In a preferred embodiment, a converging Fresnel lens is positioned to receive the display information from the LCD panel and form a display object corresponding to the display image. The converging Fresnel lens has an optical center offset from the optical center of the LCD panel in an elevation direction and defines a projection optical axis that extends toward the display screen along an elevation angle in the elevation direction. The Fresnel lens is tilted automatically about a tilt axis transverse to the projection optical axis and the elevation direction by an amount proportional to the elevation angle to cooperate with the offset of the Fresnel lens optical center to form an orthoscopic display image.

Abstract: A projection optical device includes a projection optical system for projecting an image of an object plane onto a screen without forming an intermediate real image. The projection optical system includes a coaxial first lens group to be arranged relatively near the object plane, a coaxial second lens group to be arranged relatively near the screen, and a stop arranged between the first and second lens groups. The second lens group has an optical axis inclined with respect to an optical axis of the first lens group. A magnification .beta.1 of the first lens group satisfies a relationship of .vertline.1/.beta.1.vertline.<0.05. The second lens group is angularly deviated from the first lens group around a position of the stop.

Abstract: There is disclosed a projector capable of electromechanically controlling the projection angle thereof. The projector of the present invention comprises a round movable member holding a projection lens holder. The round movable member has a gear portion meshed with a first gear rotated by a first motor and is circularly moved up or down with a hinge shaft of a reflection mirror being the center during the rotation of the first gear. The reflection mirror is rotatably supported by a pair of support members. An arcuate member is fixed to the rear surface of the reflection mirror and has a gear portion meshed with a second gear rotated by a second motor. A controller synchronously controls the first and the second motor so that the light reflected by the reflection mirror is transmitted through and projected onto a screen.

Abstract: A multimedia projector comprises a optical frame that mounts, from back to front, a light source, a back fresnel lens, a back polarizer, an LCD display object, a front polarizer, a front fresnel lens, and a front lens group for projecting images formed by the LCD display object. To provide keystone distortion correction of projected images, the front fresnel lens is manually and selectively tiltable about an axis extending parallel with the plane of the LCD display object. The selective tilting is accomplished by a manually movable fresnel actuator with a cammed surface. A control arm extends between the fresnel actuator and the fresnel lens, and rides on the cammed surface such that a relatively large movement of the fresnel actuator produces a relatively small adjustment in tilt of the fresnel lens in order to permit fine adjustment of the fresnel lens tilt.

Abstract: A light amount controlling apparatus includes a light source for producing light and a light source driver for driving the light source. A zoom lens unit includes a zoom lens for varying an angle of projection of the light, and a zoom lens position detector detects a position of the zoom lens. A memory stores control data corresponding to the position of the zoom lens and a memory controller reads the control data from the memory according to a detected value of the zoom lens position of the zoom lens position detector. A controller controls the light source driver to vary an amount of light projected from the light source in accordance with the control data output from the memory controller.

Abstract: Disclosed is a three beam-type projection apparatus in which three projectors can be transported integrally by a single driving motor. A first and a second projecting lenses are formed in the front of first and second projectors, respectively. First and second guiding grooves are formed thereon. The two projectors are connected by a plurality of guiding rods. A third projecting lens is formed in the front of a third projector and an inserting hole is formed on the lower portion of the third projector. A guiding plate is combined with the first, second and third projectors, and is transported forward and backward by a driving apparatus. A fixing plate is provided with a parallel guiding hole formed along the length of the third projector and with an inclined guiding hole for guiding the transportation of the third projector. The three projectors can be transported by a driving motor and the operation of the apparatus is very accurate and advantageous.

Abstract: A projector in which light emitted from a light source is made incident upon a transmission type picture panel and is projected onto a screen through a projection lens system having a condenser lens and an imaging lens. The condenser lens and the imaging lens are relatively movable with respect to the transmission type picture panel in an optical axis direction. Thus, when a projection distance from the projection lens system to the screen is varied, both the condenser lens and the imaging lens are relatively moved, with respect to the transmission type picture panel, to adjust a focus of the emitted light on the screen. A focusing method for the projector is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention includes a LCD projector having a light source for directing light through a LCD and a projection lens assembly toward a display screen to form a display image. The light source and the LCD being encased within a main projector housing. The projection lens assembly being supported and carried by a retractable carrier between operating and stowage positions. In a preferred embodiment, the retractable carrier positions the projection lens assembly in its operating position outside the main body housing.

Abstract: The projection-lens driving apparatus for a 3-beam projector includes a housing, a triplet of cylindrical projection-lens holders, a pair of cam members, each of the cam members having a triplet of guide rails, a trifurcating member, a driving means provided with a feed screw and a motor, three pairs of brackets, three pairs of feed rollers, one end of each of the brackets coupled to one of the feed rollers which, in turn, is coupled to one of the guide rails, the other end thereof being coupled to one cylindrical projection-lens holder, and a triplet of guiding means, each of the guiding means mechanically coupling one of the cylindrical projection-lens holders with the housing. The pair of cam members and the cylindrical projection-lens holders are mechanically coupled through the feed screw of the driving means to allow a synchronous movement of the components constituting the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention includes a projector illumination system having a light source positioned between a condenser lens and a light-collecting reflector. The light source includes a bulb that is urged under compression against a surface of the condenser lens. The condenser lens receives a flow of cooling air over a surface opposite that against which the light source is in contact to minimize deformation of the condenser lens caused by heat emanating from the light source.

Abstract: A projection system has three projecting lenses that are controlled integrally. A holder having an upper plate and a lower plate is provided. A plurality of longitudinally slanted guiding holes are formed at the left and right portions of the upper and lower plate. First, second and third projecting lens holders having cylindrical shapes are provided in the holder housing. Projecting lenses are provided at the front sides of the holders. Movable pins are protrusively formed at the upper and lower portions of the first and third projecting lens holders and are inserted into corresponding longitudinally slanted guiding holes. A holder supporting plate has a first and second holder brackets for supporting the second projecting lens holder, and four leg portions and guiding grooves formed at the leg portions for inserting the movable pins. A driving motor and a transporting apparatus are provided. The image control is advantageous and the keystoning phenomenon is eliminated.

Abstract: A projector for use with a light source and including a shutter assembly panel having a multiplicity of pixel light valves overlying an array of interspersed shutter pixels each of which transmits only one of a plurality of colors, and a color filter disposed intermediate the light source and the planar shutter and spaced therefrom and having an array of interspersed filter pixels, each of which only transmits only one of a plurality of colors, wherein the array of interspersed filter pixels is in light and color registration with the array of interspersed shutter pixels, such that generally light of a given color impinges on a shutter area of the same color.

Abstract: Heat generated by the projection lamp in a projecting apparatus is used to individually pop slides having improper curvature due to heat deformation. According to the invention, a slide positioned in the projection gate of the projector exhibits incorrect curvature, preferably as detected by the autofocus system of the projector, a door is opened allowing dry heat from the projection lamp to be applied directly to the slide, preferably until the slide reverts to a proper or normal curvature.

Abstract: A projection apparatus comprises an illumination device for emitting onto a film an illumination light for projecting the film, an index member for focus adjustment, a moving mechanism for moving the index member to a focus adjusting position where the index member is in contact with a surface of the film within an optical path of the projection light, and a member to be operated for focus adjustment.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a light source, a modulating device for modulating light emitted from the light source, a modulating device driving unit for driving the modulating device, a first aperture stop unit arranged between the light source and the modulating device to limit a bundle of rays to be incident on the modulating device from the light source, the first aperture stop unit having an aperture with a variable size, a display screen onto which exit light from the modulating device is projected, a projection optical system for projecting the exit light from the modulating device onto the display screen, a second aperture stop unit arranged between the modulating device and the projection optical system to limit a bundle of rays to be incident on the projection optical system from the modulating device, the second aperture stop unit having an aperture with a variable size, a photosensor for detecting the display luminance on the display screen, and an aperture control unit for controlling the size of

Abstract: Disclosed is a three dimensional projection system. A holder housing has upper and lower plates and a plurality of longitudinally inclined guiding holes inclined at predetermined angles about central axes of the upper and lower plates. First and second projecting lens holders have cylindrical shapes and are provided with projecting lenses in front sides thereof. Movable pins protrusively formed on upper and lower portions of the first and second projecting lens holders are provided. The movable pins are respectively inserted into corresponding longitudinally inclined guiding holes. A holder supporting plate has a pair of front and rear plates and a spacer. The front and rear plates are provided with first and second leg portions formed at both sides thereof and extended onto an upper portion of the upper plate, and third and fourth leg portions extended onto a lower portion of the lower plate. A driving motor for supplying driving power for transporting the projecting lens holders is provided.

Abstract: A projection optical apparatus for projection an image of an object onto a workpiece, which is suitable for use, for example, as an exposure apparatus used in the manufacture of integrated circuits. The projection optical apparatus includes an image forming optical system whose optical characteristic is changed by the light energy supplied from the illuminated object. A change of the optical characteristic of the optical system is determined by the use of a predetermined parameter whereby when the distribution of the light energy on the pupil of the optical system is changed, the parameter is correct in such a manner that the change of the optical characteristic determined by the parameter is changed in correspondence to the change in the distribution of the light energy.

Abstract: A video projection system having a liquid crystal panel with a video image, a projection lamp with ON/OFF control, a zoom lens with a zoom control mechanism, a focusing lens with a focusing control mechanism, an audio system with a volume control, a projection-lamp light detector, a heat sensor, a variable-speed cooling fan, a control module having a microprocessor and a digital-to-analog converter, a display, a keypad, an alarm/annunciator, a power supply with ON/OFF control, and an infrared based remote control system able to control power ON/OFF, zoom, focus, picture, and sound volume.