Abstract: A distance tracking control system, for use with a working member such as a robotic head, includes a non-contact distance sensor for sensing a distance of the working member from a surface. An actuator is provided for making positional adjustments of the working member in response to changes in the distance sensed by the non-contact distance sensor. A controller is connected to the distance sensor and the actuator. The controller receives data from the non-contact distance sensor and then sends signals to the actuator to make positional adjustments of the working member.

Abstract: A positioning aid (1) for a hand tool device (3) driving tool (2), in a working direction (A), with a distance measuring system (4) mounted thereon. The distance measuring system (4) has at least one distance measuring sensor (5) for measuring the distance from the distance measuring sensor (5) to an object (6), along a line of measurement (M, M′, M″), and a computing unit (7) for comparing the measured value with a pre-selected desired value (S) and for producing a signal dependent on the comparison, wherein the line of measurement (M, M′) is oriented at least partially perpendicular to the working direction (A).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for producing orientation dependent radiation, and orientation detection systems are disclosed. An orientation dependent radiation source directs radiation to an observation area and facilitates a determination of the orientation of the orientation dependent source from the observation area. In particular, the orientation dependent source produces a radiation pattern having one or more detectable centroids that vary in position across an observation surface of the orientation dependent source as observed from the observation area, based on a rotation of the orientation dependent source about one or more axes of rotation. According to various embodiments, the orientation dependent radiation source may include one or more primary radiation sources or secondary sources, such as reflectors.

Abstract: A new method and apparatus is provide whereby light diffusion within the light measurement toll has been eliminated. A layer of Anti Reflective Coating is deposited on the outside of the second surface of a quartz mask thereby preventing light that is reflected internally to the quartz mask from exiting the mask. All reflected light is therefor eliminated and, with that, the source of light diffusion is eliminated.

Abstract: A laser alignment system is provided. The system includes a plurality of lasers which are sequentially operative for producing first and second laser beams that are parallel to one another. The system further includes a target assembly. The target assembly includes lenses and mirrors disposed such that the first laser beam impinges directly on the target to provide displacement data. The second laser beam is focused and reflected so that the focal point of the reflected second beam impinges on the target. In a similar manner, a third parallel beam may be provided and may be focused to impinge on the target. Additionally, the plural laser beams may be substituted for by a single laser plane. The second and/or third beams provide alignment data, while the first beam provides displacement data.

Abstract: A method of determining the planar inclination of a surface is disclosed. Each of three lasers positioned within a sensor body are modulated with different sine wave frequencies based on stored values within a wave-table by superimposing onto the emitted light beam a respective sine wave frequency. The light beam is scattered from each laser onto a respective position sensitive detector after being emitted onto a surface to be analyzed. The light beam is then demodulated by producing electrical signals from each respective position sensitive detector and integrating the electrical signals and calculating the planar inclination on the surface based on demodulated values.

Abstract: A multi-color, multi-pulse laser target designator is disclosed in which the target is illuminated with pulses of preselected colors and interpulse spacings so as to uniquely identify the target. Inter-pulse spacing may be varied down to an arbitarily small spacing by virtue of the use of pulses of differing colors, thereby increasing countermeasure resistance due to the difficulty of a target detecting and duplicating inter-pulse spacing. Pulse elongation is provided in one embodiment to provide prolonged illumination of the target so as to permit increased homing accuracy for optically guided weapons.