Abstract: The present invention relates to an FMCW-LiDAR distance measurement apparatus in which a light source, in particular a laser, generates a frequency modulated transmission light beam as a transmission signal having a predetermined frequency deviation and transmits said frequency modulated transmission light beam into a measurement zone; a light receiver receives light reflected by objects in the measurement zone as a reception signal; a mixer mixes at least a portion of the transmission signal with the reception signal and with an oscillator frequency to generate a mixed signal; and the oscillator frequency is adapted to a desired measurement zone to achieve a high measurement accuracy in the desired measurement zone.

Abstract: A dual image offsetting apparatus for producing a first offset image pathway and a discrete, second offset image pathway and presenting the offset image pathways to a user or an optic, including at least some of a first reflective surface, a second reflective surface, a third reflective surface, and a fourth reflective surface, wherein the reflective surfaces are attached or coupled so as to provide the first offset image pathway and the second offset image pathway offset from a direct image pathway between a target object and the user or the optic.

Abstract: A variable range compensating device, including at least some of a housing having an optical cavity defined at least partially within the housing, wherein the optical cavity extends from an incoming image aperture to an outgoing image aperture; and two or more reflective optical elements, wherein each reflective optical element is adjustably positioned within at least a portion of the optical cavity, and wherein adjustment of at least one of the reflective optical elements adjusts the reflective optical elements such that a target image entering the incoming image aperture is reflected by the reflective optical elements, so as to exit the outgoing image aperture at a determined offset.

Abstract: A method and a system for jointly determining the content of a first chromophorous and fluorescent compound and a second chromophorous compound in a biological tissue (30). The determination of the content of the chromophorous and fluorescent compound (33) is carried out by optical measurement of the differential absorption of this chromophorous and fluorescent compound (33) and the determination of the content of the second chromophorous compound (34) is carried out by optical measurement of the fluorescence of the chromophorous and fluorescent compound (33). Optical radiations (11-14) are utilized which are suitably chosen in combination with at least one operation of filtering these radiations suited to using single detection (21) and measurement element for the two determinations.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for determining stereo disparity based on two-path dynamic programming and GGCP. The apparatus includes a pre-processing unit for analyzing texture distribution of an input image by using a Laplacian of Gaussian (LOG) filter and dividing the input image into a homogeneous region and a non-homogeneous region; a local matching unit for determining candidate disparities to be included in an each pixel of all pixels; a local post-processing unit for removing candidate disparities in a pixel of low reliability by performing a visibility test betweens candidate disparities in each pixel to improve the reliability of the candidate disparity; and a global optimizing unit for determining a final disparity for candidate disparities in an each pixel by performing a dynamic programming.

Abstract: A micro-mirror optical tracking and ranging system comprises an optical transceiver having a Micro-Electro-Optical Mechanical System (MEOMS) micro-mirror beam steering system and an electronic control and operating system for processing electronic signals. An optical transceiver and MEOMS micro-mirror beam steering system comprises two oppositely installed micro-mirrors controlled so that they spin and tilt synchronously and project a laser beam out in a wide solid angle and interval in a substantially conically shaped scanning pattern. Such an optical transmitter system provides a steered frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) laser beam. When a laser beam waveform reflects off of an object within the scanned patter it is detected by the optical receiver an electronic control and operating system processes the detected laser beam waveform by mixing it with the original transmitted laser beam waveform and calculates the precise distance and location of the object.

Abstract: An immersive scanning camera provides for a high speed imager to capture a scene of interest on a pixel by pixel basis. Distance data is collected for each pixel. This distance data is representative of the distance from the immersive camera of the object depicted by the pixel data.

Abstract: A top surface of a wafer is provided with an n-type source region, an n-type drain region, and an n-type semiconductor region. Dry etching using a plasma is performed with respect to an interlayer insulating film deposited on the wafer to form openings reaching the respective regions, followed by light etching for removing a damaged layer. In this case, exciting light is supplied intermittently to the n-type semiconductor region. The progression of the removal of the damaged layer and the stage of development of a newly damaged layer are sensed by monitoring the change rate of the intensity of reflected probe light in the presence and absence of the exciting light, resulting in the formation of a semiconductor device having low and equal contact resistance. In-line control using optical evaluation enables the implementation of semiconductor devices with excellent and consistent properties.

Abstract: A rangefinder optical system with a first optical system, a field frame optical system, and a second optical system, further including a field frame reflection member; a second optical system reflection member, and an optical-path merging member of the second optical system. A second image by the second optical system is formed on the side of the second optical system reflection member with respect to the optical-path merging member of the second optical system, i.e., when viewed from the first optical system, the second image is formed at the position substantially optical-equivalent to the position of the field frame member.

Abstract: A rangefinder includes a housing, an eyepiece, and two spaced optical elements which provide a distance readout by optical triangulation. A through the viewfinder distance is provided by a distance scale which is mounted on an adjusting shaft for moving one of the optical elements in a pivotal manner relative to the other optical element. When a remote object is viewed through the eyepiece, two images of the remote object are projected into the eyepiece by the optical elements, and the adjusting shaft is rotated to bring the two images into coincidence. The angular position of the distance scale can be calibrated relative to the movable optical element by a clutch which disengages the adjusting shaft from the movable optical element to permit the distance scale to be rotated without moving the movable optical element.

Abstract: A bow and arrow sighting device for attachment to the bow and comprised of a range finder of the type having a manually rotatable range adjustment wheel which in one embodiment is coupled by gears to a cylindrical cam in operative engagement with a cam follower mechanism which moves a sighting bead element in synchronism with the angular displacement of the range finder range adjustment wheel so that when the range is found with the adjustment wheel the sighting element will be at the proper archer aiming position for arrow trajectory to the target. The one embodiment incorporates a cylindrical cam in operative engagement with the cam follower mechanism. A second embodiment incorporates a sighting glass in place of the sighting bead element and a parallelogram type lever structure is incorporated in the cam follower mechanism for maintaining the sighting glass in proper axis orientation as well as proper archer aiming position for arrow trajectory to the target.

Abstract: An optical range indicating device, having no moving parts, having a pair of mirrors arranged to embody the principle of triangulation, one of the mirrors being positioned to sight the object to be viewed and having thereon distance indicating indicia, the other mirror being positioned to provide a view of the image of the sighted object and of the distance indicating indicia the mirrors being unitarily pivoted about an axis to align a direct line of sight view of the sighted object with the reflected image of the sighted object superposed upon the reflected image of the distance indicating indicia as seen on the other mirror to indicate the distance to the sighted object.

Abstract: A range finding fiberscope for measuring the distance of a point in space from a reference plane. The device is adaptable to use in confined spaces and has a variety of applications including industrial, medical and photographic.

Abstract: A measuring instrument particularly adapted to making accurate measurements of portions of the eye and contact lenses is characterized by a split mirror system in which one mirror is fixed and a second mirror rotates upon movement of handle-pointer associated with a scale. The object to be measured is magnified, and the magnified image is split by the mirror system until opposite edges of the split image coincide, whereby a correlated linear measurement is indicated on the scale. The instrument includes a light to illuminate the work area and an attachment for measuring the diameter of contact lenses.