Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for improving light-sheet microscopy with cost-effective and simplified components. Such cost-effective and simplified components can be implemented in a light focusing system, a light generation system, and/or in imaging system. The light focusing system can be improved by attaching a voice coil motor to a focusing lens to increase the imagable field of view. The light generation system can be improved with a multimode laser diode to increase the uniformity of the beam profile and to increase the usable optical power. The imaging system can be improved by using a fluid chamber with positive cylindrical optical window for minimizing spherical aberrations.

Abstract: A method is provided for non-invasively determining properties of a multiphase flow which flows through an electrically conductive object. Using a single set-up having a plurality of EMAT transducers, at least one property of the multiphase flow is determined by means of at least one of a plurality of measurement methods. A device is also provided for non-invasively determining properties of a multiphase flow which flows through an electrically conductive object. At least four EMAT transducers are positionable upstream along a first object cross-section at or near the object wall and at least four EMAT transducers are positionable downstream along a second object cross-section at or near the object wall.

Abstract: A movable object for detecting an obstacle includes a first passive infrared sensor having a first detection range and a first field of view, and one or more second passive infrared sensors each having a second detection range and a second field of view. The second detection range is longer than the first detection range and the second field of view is smaller than the first field of view. The movable object further includes one or more processors configured to calculate a distance from the movable object to the obstacle based on data from at least one of the first passive infrared sensor or the one or more second passive infrared sensors, and determine whether to effect a collision avoidance maneuver for the movable object to avoid the obstacle based on the distance.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes a housing defining a chamber. The sensor assembly includes a sensor supported by the housing. The sensor assembly includes a duct extending from a first end to a second end, the first end of the duct being open to an environment external to the chamber and the second end being fluidly connected to the chamber. The duct includes a first portion at the first end, a second portion at the second end, and a middle portion between the first portion and the second portion. The middle portion extends downward from the first portion, and the second portion extends upward to the second end.

Abstract: A method of evaluating performance of a flow cytometer configured to use a combination of two or more types of calibration particles having different morphologies from each other, includes a first classification step of classifying the calibration particles from each other based on a first optical characteristic by the flow cytometer which is an evaluation target, a second classification step of classifying the calibration particles from each other based on a second optical characteristic which is classifiable at a spatial resolution lower than a spatial resolution at which the first optical characteristic is classified, and the evaluation step of evaluating one or both of particle classification performance and a resolution of the flow cytometer based on a first classification result assessed in the first classification step and a second classification result assessed in the second classification step.

Abstract: A system including an optical scanner to transmit an optical beam towards an object. The system includes a first optical element to receive a returned reflection having a lag angle; and direct the returned reflection to generate a first directed beam. The system includes a beam directing unit to receive the first directed beam; and direct, based on a first array voltage, the first directed beam to generate a second directed beam at a first location on a different optical element. The beam directing unit to direct, based on a second array voltage, the second steered beam from the first location on the different optical element to a second location on the different optical element to compensate for the lag angle.

Abstract: A processing apparatus (10) includes classification means (12) for classifying three-dimensional point group data acquired based on a reflected light from a structure to be inspected illuminated by light into clusters, which are units of a shape that corresponds to the structure to be inspected, based on positional information at each point of the data; and cluster association means (13) for determining whether a first cluster and a second cluster included in the classified clusters correspond to one structure to be inspected based on a positional relation between the classified clusters.

Abstract: A coded localization system includes a plurality of optical channels arranged to cooperatively capture information from a scene. Each optical channel includes (i) a respective multi-pixel detector and (ii) a respective localization code, located between the respective multi-pixel detector and the scene, that modifies electromagnetic energy passing therethrough. Each localization code (i) includes at least one of an amplitude mask, a phase mask, and a polarizer, and (ii) differs from the respective localization code of each other of the plurality of optical channels.

Abstract: Systems and methods for generating operating an autonomous vehicle. The methods comprise: obtaining LiDAR point cloud data generated by a LiDAR system of the autonomous vehicle; inspecting the LiDAR point cloud data to infer a health of LiDAR beams; identifying bad quality point cloud data based on the inferred health of the LiDAR beams; removing the bad quality point cloud data from the LiDAR point cloud data to generate modified LiDAR point cloud data; and causing the autonomous vehicle to perform at least one autonomous driving operation or mode change based on the modified LiDAR point cloud data.

Abstract: A system includes a computer including a processor and a memory. The memory stores instructions executable by the processor to receive a reflection magnitude from an infrared sensor during a movement of an object relative to the infrared sensor, to determine a change of the reflection magnitude, and to detect the object based on comparing the determined change of the received reflection magnitude to a change threshold.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a system that generates data describing physical surroundings of vehicles during operation. Individual vehicles carry sensors configured to generate output signals conveying information related to one or both of the physical surroundings of the vehicles and/or the operation of the vehicles. Based on the generated output signals, the physical surroundings in which the first vehicle is operating are derived, such as, for example, the speeds of different nearby vehicles, and their distances to each other.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for fluorescence imaging using radiofrequency multiplexed excitation. One apparatus splits an excitation laser beam into two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The light in the first beam is frequency shifted by an acousto-optic deflector, which is driven by a phase-engineered radiofrequency comb designed to minimize peak-to-average power ratio. This RF comb generates multiple deflected optical beams possessing a range of output angles and frequency shifts. The second beam is shifted in frequency using an acousto-optic frequency shifter. After combining at a second beam splitter, the two beams are focused to a line on the sample using a conventional laser scanning microscope lens system. The acousto-optic deflectors frequency-encode the simultaneous excitation of an entire row of pixels, which enables detection and de-multiplexing of fluorescence images using a single photomultiplier tube and digital phase-coherent signal recovery techniques.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for fluorescence imaging using radiofrequency multiplexed excitation. One apparatus splits an excitation laser beam into two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The light in the first beam is frequency shifted by an acousto-optic deflector, which is driven by a phase-engineered radiofrequency comb designed to minimize peak-to-average power ratio. This RF comb generates multiple deflected optical beams possessing a range of output angles and frequency shifts. The second beam is shifted in frequency using an acousto-optic frequency shifter. After combining at a second beam splitter, the two beams are focused to a line on the sample using a conventional laser scanning microscope lens system. The acousto-optic deflectors frequency-encode the simultaneous excitation of an entire row of pixels, which enables detection and de-multiplexing of fluorescence images using a single photomultiplier tube and digital phase-coherent signal recovery techniques.

Abstract: A method of operating an image device operated by at least one processor is provided. The method of operating an image device comprises generating beamformed RF-mode images including phase shift information for each incident angle by using multi-angle ultrasound-echo data, generating phase shift maps representing a displacement of speckle pattern between adjacent beamformed RF-mode images, and obtaining a speed-of-sound distribution image corresponding to the phase shift maps by using a deep neural network which is trained to reconstruct speed-of-sound distribution of a tissue from training phase shift maps.

Abstract: A point data acquisition unit acquires a set of point data indicating reflection points obtained by an optical sensor that receives reflected light of an emitted light beam reflected at the reflection points. A fog determination unit projects an overhead view of the reflection points indicated by the point data included in the set acquired by the point data acquisition unit onto a plane in depth and horizontal directions. The fog determination unit makes a decision as to whether in this case the reflection points are distributed in an arcuate shape around the optical sensor. The fog determination unit determines the density of fog based on a result of the decision.

Abstract: A device for scanning Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave LiDAR range measurement comprises a light source that produces light having a varying frequency, a splitter that splits the light into reference light and output light, and a distribution matrix (36) that distributes the output light among a plurality of free space couplers that outcouple the output light into free space. A plurality of optical waveguides guide input light that was reflected at an object. A detector detects a superposition of the input light with the reference light, and a calculation unit determines the range to the object from the superposition detected by the detector. The device further comprises a common optical waveguide that is optically connected to the plurality of optical waveguides and the detector so that input light that is guided in any of the optical waveguides propagates through the common optical waveguide towards the detector without passing the distribution matrix.

Abstract: A system and method map a borehole using LIDAR. The system comprises a tool and a mapping sub-system. The tool includes an intermediate LIDAR sub-system and a distal LIDAR sub-system. The intermediate LIDAR sub-system has an intermediate emitter and an intermediate receiver. The intermediate emitter emits light and the intermediate receiver receives reflected light from the intermediate object. The distal LIDAR sub-system has a distal emitter and a distal receiver. The distal emitter emits light, and the distal receiver receives reflected light from the distal object. The mapping sub-system determines a position of the tool, determines an inner surface of the borehole, and generates and outputs a map of the borehole from the position and the inner surface. A method comprises steps performed during operation of the system.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, systems, methods and media for single photon depth imaging with improved precision in ambient light conditions are provided. In some embodiments, the system comprises: a light source; a single photon detector; an attenuation element configured to provide a variable intensity attenuation factor; and a processor programmed to: (a)-determine an ambient light intensity associated with a scene point; (b)-select an attenuation factor based on the ambient light intensity; (c)-estimate a depth of the scene point based on a multiplicity of photon arrival times determined using the detector during a period of time during which light incident on the detector is attenuated by the selected attenuation factor and during which the light source is configured to periodically emit a pulse of light toward the scene point; (d)-repeat (a)-(c) for each of a multiplicity of scene points.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LIDAR) system for a vehicle, includes a laser source configured to generate light signals, a transceiver, and a fiber array coupled to the transceiver and including a plurality of output channels. The transceiver is configured to receive one or more light signals from the laser source through a first group of output channels of the fiber array, receive one or more local oscillator (LO) signals through a second group of output channels of the fiber array, transmit the one or more light signals into an environment of the vehicle, receive a first returned light reflected from one or more objects in the environment, and output the first returned light and a first LO signal of the one or more LO signals.

Abstract: The method and system utilized the measurement of the “absolute” velocities or equivalent parameters of the electromagnetic devices and objects, which are defined as the velocities relative to the real origin of the electromagnetic wave, to accurately picture their impacts on the propagation and measurement of the electromagnetic wave and compensate for these impacts correspondingly. The comprehensive information of the “absolute” velocities, including both the measured values and the calculated right timings, is utilized to calibrate and control the electromagnetic device and calculate the results to improve performance and accuracy. The method and system include the absolute velocity measurement, the calibration and control of the device, and the computation of the right timings and results.

Abstract: A distance measuring device is a distance measuring device that performs processing on a time-series luminance signal generated on the basis of a sensor output corresponding to reflected light of laser light. The distance measuring device includes a storage circuit and a determination circuit. The storage circuit stores a first time-series luminance signal based on reflected light from a first measurement target of laser light and a second time-series luminance signal based on reflected light from a second measurement target of laser light. The determination circuit determines, on the basis of correlation between the first time-series luminance signal and the second time-series luminance signal, whether the first measurement target and the second measurement target are the same measurement target.

Abstract: A reconfigurable sensor network uses continuous-variable (CV) multipartite entangled quantum states for distributed RF sensing with uncertainties below the standard quantum limit. A CV multipartite entangled state is generated with a quantum circuit that splits a squeezed vacuum state into spatially separated optical modes that are entangled. Each optical mode is transmitted to a RF-photonic sensor that imposes, on the corresponding optical mode, a quadrature displacement based on the local properties of an RF signal. A homodyne detector then measures the quadrature displacement. A post-processor combines the measurements to estimate a global property of the RF signal, such as an angle-of-arrival. To enable distributed sensing over large distances, the RF-photonic sensors may be spatially separated by several kilometers, or more. Alternatively, the RF-photonic sensors may be integrated into a single photonic system, such as a photonic integrated circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lidar device for measuring a distance of an external object using light. According to the present invention, the transmission mirror and the reception mirror are integrally formed, and a shadow region, which has not been conventionally used, is utilized as a light transmission region such that a separate light transmission space is unnecessary, thereby enabling a minimized design of the lidar device.

Abstract: A measurement device, including a doppler LiDAR unit that includes an optical transmitter operable to transmit a signal, and which further includes an optical receiver operable to receive a backscatter signal that includes a portion of the signal, and the measurement device also includes a processor operable to determine a doppler shift as between the signal and the backscatter signal, and use the doppler shift to determine a volumetric flow rate of a fluid to which the signal is directed, and from which the backscatter signal is received.

Abstract: A method of foreign object debris discrimination includes illuminating a particle located within a sensing volume with a modulated electromagnetic radiation pulse emitted from a source; receiving one or more electromagnetic radiation return signals that have been scattered by the particle illuminated by the modulated electromagnetic radiation pulse at a detector; mixing, using a controller, the electromagnetic radiation return signal of amplitude IRS and frequency fRS with a reference signal of amplitude ILS and frequency fRS; analyzing, using the controller, an amplitude of the mixed signal ?{square root over (ILSIRS)}, and frequency of the mixed signal, fRS?fLS; and classifying, using the controller, a particle position, a velocity, and electromagnetic characteristic of the particle based on the amplitude, ?{square root over (ILSIRS)}, and frequency, fRS?fLS of the mixed signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a light barrier system, comprising at least two reflection light barrier devices, each of which is configured to emit a light beam and to detect a reflected light beam, wherein the light barrier system comprises a reflection body, which is configured to reflect back light beams emitted from at least two different directions in parallel, which are spaced apart at an angle of at least 20°, wherein the at least two reflective light barrier devices are arranged in such a way that they emit light beams from different directions onto the same reflection body in order to monitor at least two spatially different areas. In a further aspect, the invention relates to the use of a reflection body.

Abstract: Techniques for determining flow properties of a fluid in a fluidic device comprising a light source configured to generate a plurality of optical signals, tracers suspended in a fluid, a plurality of photonic devices, each including a photonic element and flow channel, and a measurement device configured to: determine a first measurement based on the plurality of optical signals and the tracers in a flow channel of a first photonic device of the plurality of photonic devices, determine a second measurement based on the plurality of optical signals and the tracers in a flow channel of a second photonic device of the plurality of photonic devices, and determine a property associated with a flow of the fluid or the tracers based on the first measurement and the second measurement.

Abstract: A sensor assembly for use in association with non-integrated, ground-based collision avoidance systems for aircraft, including (a) a sensor; and (b) a frame sub-assembly, wherein the sensor is releasably securable to the frame sub-assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus for preconditioning a power source of an electric aircraft is presented. The apparatus includes a power source of an electric aircraft, a computing device, and a user device. The computing device is configured to receive a flight plan, determine a predicted power usage model as a function of the flight plan, and initiate a power source modification on the electric aircraft as a function of the predicted power usage model. The user device is configured to display a flight performance infographic as a function of the predicted power usage model.

Abstract: A decision tree based processing system implements a decision tree data structure to process publicly available files, such as websites suspected to contain data generated by a data transaction processing system which may be constantly fluctuating and varying. The data transaction processing system generates the data based on processing electronic data transaction request messages received over a network.

Abstract: A method of predicting the likelihood of a post tee off golf swing or consecutive swings resulting in a ball being sunk in a hole; the method utilizing communication equipped cameras or communication equipped laser rangefinders at known locations to determine accurate ball lie information. Transmission of this location information in real time to a processing facility linked to a database of historical play information incorporating at least ball position information and golf course in order to calculate odds of success of the upcoming swing and/or subsequent swings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measuring a flow velocity (v) of a gas stream (14) featuring the steps: (a) time-resolved measurement of an IR radiation parameter (E) of IR radiation of the gas stream (14) at a first measurement point (P1) outside of the gas stream (14), thereby obtaining a first IR radiation parameter curve (Eg1,1(t)), (b)time-resolved measurement of an IR radiation parameter (E) at a second measurement point (P2) outside of the gas stream (14), thereby obtaining a second IR radiation parameter curve (Eg1,2(t)), (c) calculation of a transit time (?1) from the first IR radiation parameter curve (Eg1,1(t)) and the second IR radiation parameter curve (Eg1,2(t)), in particular by means of cross-correlation, and (d) calculation of the flow velocity (vG) from the transit time (?1), (e) wherein the IR radiation parameter (Eg1) is measured photoelectrically at a wavelength (g1) of at least 780 nm, and (f) a measurement frequency (f) is at least 1 kilohertz.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, system, and non-transitory computer-readable recording medium for measuring physical quantities associated with a golf club. According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for measuring physical quantities associated with a golf club, the method comprising the steps of: detecting a first marker and a second marker of different shapes in at least one image of a head of a golf club for which physical quantities are to be measured; and measuring the physical quantities associated with the golf club with reference to properties of a target area specified on the basis of the first marker and the second marker.

Abstract: A system and method for remotely monitoring an individual, in accordance with some embodiments of the invention. More particularly, one or more physiological functions and/or physical activities of the individual may be monitored. In order to monitor the individual, a range to, and/or a range rate (i.e., velocity) of, one or more points on one or more surfaces of the individual (e.g., skin, clothing, lips, etc.) may be determined over time. Based on the determinations of the range and/or range rate of the points on the surfaces of the individual, the one or more physiological functions and/or physical activities of the individual may be monitored. This may enable the physiological functions and/or physical activities to be monitored remotely from the individual without access or proximity to the individual.

Abstract: A unipolar-doped light emitting diode or laser diode is described. The diode includes a bottom region having an n-type layer, a top region having an n-type layer, and a middle region between the top and bottom regions having at least one material different from the top or bottom region forming two or more heterojunctions. The top and bottom regions create light emission by interband tunneling-induced photon emission. Systems including the unipolar-doped diode including LIDAR are also taught.

Abstract: A laser system may include a controller configured to direct a plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses to a device that optically pumps a lasing medium, and a lasing medium configured to output a quasi-continuous laser pulse in response to the optical pumping. The plurality of temporally spaced-apart electrical pulses may include (a) a first electrical pulse configured to excite the lasing medium to an energy level below a lasing threshold of the lasing medium, and (b) multiple second electrical pulses following the first electrical pulse. The quasi-continuous laser pulse is output in response to the multiple second electrical pulses.

Abstract: A holographic image display system comprising a processor receiving image data at an input and producing output hologram data based on the image data. The image data comprises three-dimensional image data that is separable into a plurality of two-dimensional image layers at different image planes. The processor is configured to: a) perform a space-frequency transform on each image layer to provide a transformed image layer, b) apply a focus factor to each transformed image layer, c) apply a pseudo-random phase factor to each transformed image layer, and d) sum the transformed image layers to form a holographic sub-frame, e) repeat steps (c) and (d) for a plurality of iterations, applying a different pseudo-random phase factor to the transformed image layers in each iteration to form a plurality of holographic sub-frames; and f) drive a spatial light modulator with the holographic sub-frames in rapid temporal succession to generate a holographic image.

Abstract: A method for optical distance measurement is suggested which comprises executing at least one time-of-flight measurement, wherein a time-of-flight measurement comprises transmitting at least one measuring pulse by means of a transmission unit, reflecting at least one transmitted measuring pulse and receiving at least one reflected measuring pulse by means of a reception unit. The method further comprises generating a backscatter curve based on the time-of-flight measurement and evaluating the backscatter curve for object recognition.

Abstract: A device can comprise a memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory and comprising computer executable components, comprising a trajectory determination component that determines a trajectory of an adjacent-lane traveling vehicle traveling in a lane adjacent to a vehicle comprising the device, wherein visibility of the adjacent-lane traveling vehicle, from the vehicle, is impaired by a succeeding vehicle traveling between the adjacent-lane traveling vehicle and the vehicle, a collision avoidance component that, in response to the trajectory of the adjacent-lane traveling vehicle being determined, by the trajectory determination component, to prevent a safe lane change by the vehicle to the lane, initiates a collision avoidance action for the vehicle.

Abstract: Radiation curable compositions for additive fabrication processes, the components cured therefrom, and their use in particle image velocimetry testing methods are described and claimed herein. Such compositions include compounds which induce free-radical polymerization, optionally compounds which induce cationic polymerization, a filler constituent, and a light absorbing component, wherein the compositions are configured to possess certain absorbance values at wavelengths commonly utilized in particle image velocimetry testing. In another embodiment, the compositions include a fluoroantimony-modified compound. Such compositions may be used in particle imaging velocimetry testing methods, wherein the test object utilized is created via additive fabrication and is of a substantially homogeneous construction.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a first stage and a second stage. The first stage may include a micro light-directing unit that is operable to receive a light beam from a light source and direct the light beam along one dimension to discrete input locations of a second stage. The second stage may be operable to receive the light beam from the first stage at the discrete input locations along the one dimension and direct the light beam through two dimensions to discrete output locations of the second stage to scan a three-dimensional space.

Abstract: Methods and systems for performing three dimensional LIDAR measurements with a highly integrated LIDAR measurement device are described herein. In one aspect, the illumination source, detector, and illumination drive are integrated onto a single printed circuit board. In addition, in some embodiments, the associated control and signal conditioning electronics are also integrated onto the common printed circuit board. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the illumination drive and the illumination source are integrated onto a common Gallium Nitride substrate that is independently packaged and attached to the printed circuit board. In another aspect, the illumination light emitted from the illumination source and the return light directed toward the detector share a common optical path within the integrated LIDAR measurement device. In some embodiments, the return light is separated from the illumination light by a beam splitter.

Abstract: A fluid measurement apparatus comprises: a first optical emitter configured to emit light to an irradiated object that includes a fluid; an optical detector configured to receive first received light emitted from the first optical emitter and transmitted through the fluid to thereby be shifted in frequency; and an estimation unit configured to estimate a flow state of the fluid based on the first received light.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein include techniques for determining autofocus for a camera on a mobile device. In some instances, depth imaging is used to assist in determining a focus position for the camera through an autofocus process. For example, a determination of depth may be used to determine a focus position for the camera. In another example, the determination of depth may be used to assist another autofocus process.

Abstract: A sensor target cover capable of preventing an optical liquid level detection sensor from erroneously detecting a rise in a liquid level is provided. A sensor target cover is used in combination with an optical liquid level detection sensor. The sensor target cover includes a reflecting plate, an inner wall structure surrounding the reflecting plate, and an outer wall structure surrounding the inner wall structure. A gap is formed between the inner wall structure and the outer wall structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an image pickup device that enables inhibition of occurrence of color mixture or noise, and an electronic apparatus. The image pickup device of the present disclosure includes an image plane phase difference detection pixel for obtaining a phase difference signal for image plane phase difference AF.

Abstract: In a state where a distance from an ejection port surface of an ejection head to a predetermined position corresponds to a first distance, a period detection unit detects a first period from when ejection of a droplet from an ejection port is started until when a droplet detection unit detects the droplet, and in a state where the distance from the ejection port surface of the ejection head to the predetermined position is changed to a second distance by a change unit, the period detection unit detects a second period from when ejection of a droplet from the ejection port is started until when the droplet detection unit detects the droplet, the second distance being different from the first distance. A calculation unit calculates an ejection speed of the droplet, based on the first distance, the second distance, the first period, and the second period.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a system that generates data describing physical surroundings of vehicles during operation. Individual vehicles carry sensors configured to generate output signals conveying information related to one or both of the physical surroundings of the vehicles and/or the operation of the vehicles. Based on the generated output signals, the physical surroundings in which the first vehicle is operating are derived, such as, for example, the speeds of different nearby vehicles, and their distances to each other.

Abstract: A position detecting member includes a base portion including a light-receiving surface having a black color tone and a back surface located on an opposite side to the light-receiving surface. A surface layer portion including at least the base portion is made of ceramic. An average value of root mean square slopes (R?q) on the light-receiving surface in a roughness curve is larger than an average value of root mean square slope (R?q) on the back surface.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surface sensing apparatus, one embodiment having a source of coherent radiation capable of outputting wavelength emissions to create a first illumination state to illuminate a surface and create a first speckle pattern, an emission deviation facility capable of influencing the emission to illuminate the surface and create a second illumination state and a second speckle pattern, and a sensor capable of sensing a representation of the first and a second speckle intensity from the first and second speckle pattern. Also disclosed are methods of sensing properties of the surface, one embodiment comprising the steps of illuminating the surface having a first surface state with the source of coherent radiation emission, sensing a first speckle intensity from the surface, influencing a relationship of the surface to the emission to create a second surface state and sensing a second speckle intensity from the surface at the second surface state.