Abstract: A transmitter for a continuous variable quantum communication system, the transmitter including a coherent light source and a first controller to apply a first signal to the coherent light source such that the coherent light source generates coherent light. The transmitter also including a first optical component to produce optical intensity modulation. The transmitter including a second controller to apply a second signal to the optical component such that a light pulse is emitted during a period of time that a first part of the generated light is received, and a light pulse is emitted during a period of time that a second part of the generated light is received. A phase control element and an intensity control element encode information in a continuum of values of the phase and amplitude of an emitted light pulse.

Abstract: A method for automatically adapting vehicle lighting to the surrounding area of the vehicle is provided. According to the method, an image of an illuminated surrounding area of the vehicle is acquired. It is determined whether a road sign is present in the surrounding area of the vehicle. Once the position of the road sign has been determined, a light emitted by the lighting device of the vehicle is changed in the direction of the determined position of the road sign so as to reduce the reflection of the emitted light from the road sign.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and a method for controlling a headlamp, and more particularly, an apparatus and a method for controlling a headlamp to perform a flashing function more efficiently while a vehicle is being driven. The apparatus includes, a rotating shield including a first shield protrusion portion which includes a plurality of protrusions formed in a direction of a rotation axis of a rotatable body and a second shield protrusion portion disposed on a side of the first shield protrusion portion; a sensor detecting a light distribution pattern of a vehicle based on a rotation angle of the rotating shield; and a rotating unit rotating the rotating shield at a predetermined angle toward the first or second shield protrusion portion, which forms the detected light distribution pattern, in order to perform a flashing function.

Abstract: Lens apparatus includes adjacent concave and convex lens surfaces adjacent with an air layer therebetween. At least one of the lens surfaces includes an antireflection film including multiple subwavelength structures at an average pitch of 400 nm or smaller. The surface satisfies: 0.7<R1/R2<1.3, and |?2??1|>15°, provided that: D=f/FNo, ?1=sin?1(D/(2×fi)), and ?2=sin?1((h×D)/R2), where f and FNo represent focal length and F-number of the entire optical system, f1 represents focal length of an optical system on object side with respect to the air layer between the lens surfaces, h represents axial conversion beam height on the at least one surface having anti-reflection film, R1 and R2 represent curvature radii of surfaces of respective object and image sides between the lens surfaces.

Abstract: A dye for a fluid of an electrowetting element, the dye having a general formula selected from the group consisting of: wherein Q has the general formula: -Het1R1 or -Het1R1R2; V has the general formula: -Het2R3 or -Het2R3R4; Het1 and Het2 are heteroatoms; R1 and R3 are H; R2 and R4 are any functional group; T and U are any functional group; W, X, Y and Z are H or an alkyl group; and F, G, L and M are H or an alkyl group, and with the proviso that the dye does not have the general formula: The present invention further relates to a fluid comprising a dye of the present invention, an electrowetting element and an optical display device comprising the fluid, and a use of the dye to reduce photo-bleaching.

Abstract: Embodiments provided herein describe optical coatings, panels having optical coatings thereon, and methods for forming optical coatings and panels. A transparent substrate is provided. An optical coating is formed on the transparent substrate. The optical coating includes a plurality of plate-shaped silicon dioxide particles.

Abstract: Improved scanner designs are provided to improve imaging and reduce errors during the scanning process. Embodiments disclosed include, for example, the use of dual cameras to improve imagery and reduce the scanner enclosure size, synchronized lighting techniques during the scanning sequence, shielded lens for the camera scanner, a scanner enclosed on at least three sides, adjustments to scanner lighting based on the levels of ambient lighting, a combined branding and scanner apparatus, a gimbaled scanner mount, and a tilted platen with stop for document alignment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments related to luminescence-based reflective display pixels. In one embodiment, among others, a luminescent-based pixel includes a luminescent layer including luminophores distributed in a matrix. The luminescent layer is configured to receive light from an ambient environment through a first side of the luminescent layer and has an index of refraction that is higher than an index of refraction of the ambient environment. The luminescent-based pixel includes a mirror disposed on a second side of the luminescent layer that is opposite the first side of the luminescent layer. The luminescent-based pixel also includes a diffusive surface to randomize the direction of incident light.

Abstract: Provided are a shutter glasses for a 3D image display, a 3D image display system including the same, and a manufacturing method thereof. Shutter glasses for a 3D image display system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention include a left eye shutter and a right eye shutter. At least one of the left eye shutter and the right eye shutter includes a MEMS element controlling an opening and a closing of the at least one of the left eye shutter and the right eye shutter.

Abstract: A scanning exposure apparatus which exposes a substrate is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an illumination system configured to illuminate an illumination region of an original, a projection optical system configured to project a pattern of the original onto the substrate, and a stop configured to shield a flare generating component of flare light which travels from the projection optical system to the substrate, and to pass the remaining component of the flare light. An aperture of the stop has a shape different from a shape of the illumination region, and the aperture of the stop includes a portion whose dimension in a first direction parallel to a scanning direction of the substrate changes in accordance with a distance from the center of the aperture in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: An auto darkening eye protection device comprising a shutter assembly and a control circuit in electrical communication with the shutter assembly. The shutter assembly is adjustable between a clear state and a dark state. The control circuit comprises a microcontroller programmed to store a plurality of memory presets including at least one setting corresponding to the operation of the shutter assembly. At least two of the plurality of memory presets are individually configured for a specific type of welding.

Abstract: An image sensing apparatus has a first setting unit that sets a charge accumulation period in an image sensor to an integral multiple of ½ a flicker period, a second setting unit that, when a horizontal scan period, which is a period after commencement of reading out a preset line of the image sensor until commencement of reading out a line to be read out next, is changed to be shorter, sets a charge accumulation period of the image sensor immediately after a change in the horizontal scan period to a period that is an integral multiple of ½ the flicker period and is shorter than the charge accumulation period that has been set by the first setting unit, and a timing controller that controls the image sensor to achieve the charge accumulation periods set by the first and second setting units.

Abstract: Described is a device having an anti-reflection surface. The device comprises a silicon substrate with a plurality of silicon spikes formed on the substrate. A first metallic layer is formed on the silicon spikes to form the anti-reflection surface. The device further includes an aperture that extends through the substrate. A second metallic layer is formed on the substrate. The second metallic layer includes a hole that is aligned with the aperture. A spacer is attached with the silicon substrate to provide a gap between an attached sensor apparatus. Therefore, operating as a Micro-sun sensor, light entering the hole passes through the aperture to be sensed by the sensor apparatus. Additionally, light reflected by the sensor apparatus toward the first side of the silicon substrate is absorbed by the first metallic layer and silicon spikes and is thereby prevented from being reflected back toward the sensor apparatus.

Abstract: A detection system for monitoring a subject remains outside the normal field of view of the subject by using a wavelength selective optical member. In one application, an eye of a driver is repeatedly or continuously illuminated and imaged without effect on the field of view of the driver. A dichroic mirror may be used to provide the wavelength selectivity. For the application in which the system is used for a motor vehicle, such as an automobile, the dichroic mirror may be achieved by coating a portion or all of the windshield so as to pass visible light, while reflecting detection light. Other applications of the detection system include monitoring a subject engaged in a person-to-person interaction, wherein a dichroic mirror is defined by a divider between the two persons.

Abstract: The present invention provides an anti-glare film having rough surface of which R (0) and R (30 or more)/R (0) are 1% or less and 0.001 or less, respectively, wherein R (0) is if the regular reflectance along the regular reflection direction against incidence light at any angle from 5 to 30° from the normal line of said anti-glare film and R (30 or more) is the reflectance against said incidence light, along a direction inclined by 30° or more toward said anti-glare film side from said normal reflection direction. And the present invention also provides the method of producing the above-mentioned anti-glare film.

Abstract: A system for and method of generating electromagnetic radiation in which the radiation has both a first and second utility. The electromagnetic radiation is modulated to produce electronically detectable variations to achieve the second utility, the variations not affecting the first utility. In one embodiment, the electromagnetic radiation is visible light. In this embodiment, the first utility is illumination and the second utility is the transmission of data. In another embodiment, the invention provides a lamp for generating visible light capable of providing illumination and transmitting data to a receiver. Any variations in the visible light resulting from the data transmission are imperceptible by a human eye regardless of the nature of the data being transmitted. In yet another embodiment, a power line carrier modem may be used with the present invention to transmit information to the source.

Abstract: A vehicle interior rearview mirror assembly comprises a housing adapted for releasable mounting to a receiving structure on the interior surface of the windshield of a vehicle. A plurality of accessories preferably is included in the housing, with at least one of the plurality of accessories being adapted for viewing through the windshield of the vehicle to which the housing is mounted. Preferably, a rain sensor is included in the housing. A rearview mirror attaches to the housing by a pivot joint, the rearview mirror being pivotally adjustable about the housing and the housing remaining fixedly mounted to the interior surface of the windshield of the vehicle while the rearview mirror is being adjusted. Preferably, electrical wiring passes through the pivot joint. Preferably, an electro-optic mirror is included in the rearview mirror. Various electrical components can be housed in the housing that attaches to the windshield.

Abstract: A mirror assembly having an electrically adjustably reflectivity provides for the simultaneous display of a vehicle heading and an external temperature. The mirror assembly includes a reflective device, a dual display and a control circuit. The reflective device includes a transmissive element and a reflective surface formed on the transmissive element. The dual display is located behind the reflective surface of the reflective device. The dual display visually provides the vehicle heading and the external temperature through the reflective device. The control circuit provides for the variable attenuation of light through the transmissive element of the reflective device and controls the intensity and information displayed by the dual display. An advantage of the present invention is that it provides a dual display while exhibiting currently acceptable electromagnetic interference levels.

Abstract: A communication system uses quantum cryptography for the secure distribution of a key. A single-photon signal is phase-modulated and transmitted over a pair of time-multiplexed transmission paths. With each original single-photon signal in a given one of the transmission paths, a duplicate signal is transmitted. The duplicate is identically modulated and orthogonally polarized. At the receiver, the outputs of the two paths are combined interferometrically. A single polarization-insensitive measurement is derived from the combined contributions of the orthogonally polarized signals.

Abstract: An ANVIS aid, such as an ANVIS goggles set, with a first optical filter is described. A second optical filter blocking light in an opposite sense from the first optical filter is placed at a color display, which may otherwise present offending light that would interfere with the ANVIS.

Abstract: An image display device is provided which comprises an antiglare surface having unevenness and pixels having a minimum pixel pitch (a) of about 10 to about 100 &mgr;m, wherein a ratio (Sm/a) of an average spacing of roughness peak (Sm) of said unevenness to the minimum pixel pitch (a) is about 0.4 or smaller. In the image display device, the generation of “glittering” can be restrained.

Abstract: A vehicle interior rearview mirror assembly comprises a housing having a front end releasably attached to the interior surface of the vehicle windshield and a rear end having a ball and socket joint for a rearview mirror unit. An internal wall subdivides the interior of the housing into first and second compartments. The first compartment contains a rain sensor which is preferably biased into contact with the windshield, and the second compartment contains a further electrical component such as a compass sensor accessible through a side opening. A removable cover mates with the housing around the opening and extends along the windshield towards the vehicle header. Electrical leads for the rain sensor and the component are routed under the cover to the header.

Abstract: A night vision aid such as night vision goggles (13) is made compatable with a local full color display (17) by blocking local display light from being received by the night vision aid (13). A circular polarizer (23) of one left/right sense is positioned so as to filter the local display. A circular polarizer (25) of an opposite sense is placed before a light input of the night vision aid (13), thereby preventing the polarized light from the display (17) from entering the night vision aid (13). Advantageously, the circular polarizer (23) on the display has minimal effect on linear polarizers which may be used with eyeglasses.

Abstract: A light transmittance adjusting apparatus for adjusting a windowpane of an automobile or a building has a fixed member and a movable member arranged in parallel with each other and having a plurality of light interception sections and light transmission sections formed thereon alternately. The vertical position of the movable member are changed electrostatically relative to the fixed member to adjust the light transmittance of the windowpane. Each light interception section has a semi-interception region, the light transmittance of which decreases gradually from a center region thereof toward the adjacent light transmission section. The semi-interception region of the light interception section of a light interception plate of the fixed member overlap the semi-interception region of the light interception section of a light interception plate of the movable member, thus accomplishing an optical interception completely.

Abstract: The invention provides a semiconductor optical modulation device which has low power dissipation, high extinction ratio and high speed response features. An n-type InP clad layer, an n.sup.- -type InAlAs-InAlGaAs composition inclination multiple layer, a p-type InP clad layer and a p.sup.+ -type InGaAs contact layer are layered on an n-type InP substrate. The layers are etched up to an intermediate location of the n-type clad layer to form a rib waveguide, and a positive electrode is formed on an upper portion of the rib waveguide. Further, a negative electrode is formed on the substrate.

Abstract: A system is provided for eliminating light reflections within the cockpit of a vehicle having a canopy with a reflective interior surface. A first polarizing filter overlies a lighted display, enabling an occupant of the vehicle viewing the display to read information presented thereon. A second polarizing filter oriented 90.degree. out of phase with respect to the first filter is interposed in the cockpit in a line of sight between the occupant and reflections off the reflective interior surface of the canopy which initiate at the display thereby preventing the reflections from being seen by the occupant without affecting the ability of the occupant to see the lighted display. Preferably, the polarizing filters lie in substantially parallel spaced planes. Also, each polarizing filter may be mounted for movement between active and inactive positions.

Abstract: Herein is described a process for the light-intensity balancing of an optical system, and a device for carrying out the process. The optical system consists of a light source, a lens installed in the beam path, and optoelectrical components that sends to an amplifier a signal that is proportional to the local light intensity. The intensity balancing is carried out by measuring and determining the intensity distribution in a plane. This local distribution is modified at the relevant points for the local distribution according to the optical properties of the lens until a uniform intensity distribution in the plane is obtained. The lens is attained by radiating its surface or internal structures with a laser.

Abstract: A windshield visor or visor attachment having a fixed panel and an extendible panel which may be opaque, mirrored, transparent, tinted or photogray. The extendible panel protects the driver against glare or brightness, and against direct effects of the defrost/defog fan. The extendible panel may be positioned by means of rods on the extendible panel cooperating with opposed serrations on the fixed panel, or by means of a detent on the first panel cooperating with cutouts in one edge of the movable panel. Three different methods of attaching this invention to a conventional windshield visor are disclosed.