Abstract: An optical coupler for coupling optical-pump power into a multimode fiber configured to transport an optical space-division-multiplexed (SDM) signal, the coupling being performed in a manner that enables amplification of the SDM signal in the multimode fiber via a stimulated-emission process or a stimulated Raman-scattering process. The optical coupler can be a part of an optical transmitter configured for co-directional pumping, an optical receiver configured for contra-directional pumping, or a relay station disposed within an optical communication link and configured for either type of pumping. The optical coupler can advantageously be used, e.g., to offset the different degrees of attenuation to which the SDM-signal components corresponding to different guided modes of the multimode fiber are subjected to therein.

Abstract: Methods for optimizing a noise figure of a variable gain hybrid amplifier (HA) which includes a variable gain Raman amplifier with adjustable average gain GR and gain tilt TR and a variable gain lumped amplifier with adjustable average gain GL and gain tilt TL. In various embodiments, the methods include receiving as input a required hybrid amplifier average gain GH value and a required gain tilt TH value and deriving a set of GR, TR, GL and TL values which yield an optimal optimized hybrid amplifier NF and satisfy the conditions GR+GL=GH and that TR+TL is within a specified hybrid amplifier operating tilt range. In some embodiments, the derived TR and TL values satisfy the condition TR+TL=TH.

Abstract: An optical electrical field enhancing device includes: a transparent substrate having a structure of fine protrusions and recesses on the surface thereof; and a metal structure layer of fine protrusions and recesses formed on the surface of the structure of fine protrusions and recesses. The metal structure layer of fine protrusions and recesses has a structure of fine protrusions and recesses, in which the distances among adjacent protrusions are less than the distances among corresponding adjacent protrusions of the structure of fine protrusions and recesses of the transparent substrate.

Abstract: Modular set is formed by optical module interconnected with control module of electronic system. Optical module is formed by at least two pairs of laser diodes connected in series and including Peltier cooler and thermistor, which are connected to inputs of polarizing fiber combiners, and depolarized outputs of these polarizing fiber combiners are connected to inputs of a wavelengths combiner. Module of the electronic system is formed by a control microprocessor interconnected with direct current power supply source, with PID regulators of laser diodes temperature, a display indicating temperature of individual laser diodes and current flowing through them, and a control panel.

Abstract: A tunable external cavity laser for use as a pump laser in an optical amplifier such as a Raman amplifier or erbium doped fibre amplifier comprising a semiconductor gain device (12) operable to provide light amplification, a diffraction grating (18) for selecting the wavelength of operation of the laser and a MEMs actuator for changing the selected wavelength. A plurality of gain devices can be coupled together to improve the bandwidth or gain of the optical amplifier.

Abstract: An optical amplifier includes: a temperature-adjustment-unit that is provided in a wavelength-fixing-unit that fixes a center-wavelength of an excitation-light-source, and adjusts a temperature of the wavelength-fixing-unit, which causes the center-wavelength of the excitation-light-source to vary; a temperature-measurement-unit that measures the temperature of the wavelength-fixing-unit and a temperature of a gain-equalization-unit that equalizes gains of the signal-light on which the Raman amplification is performed using the excitation-light-source; a shift-amount-obtaining-unit that obtains a shift amount data of the center-wavelength of the excitation-light-source from a first-storage-unit and obtains a shift amount of the center-wavelength of the wavelength-band from a second-storage-unit; and a control unit that obtains a temperature-data of the-wavelength-fixing-unit, which corresponds to a difference between two shift amounts that are obtained by the shift amount obtaining unit, from the first-storag

Abstract: An amplifying-apparatus that raman-amplifies light transmitted through an optical-fiber-transmission-path, includes: an inputting-unit that inputs pump light to the optical-fiber-transmission-path; a path-switching-unit that is capable of switching between a first state in which the light transmitted through the optical-fiber-transmission-path is output to a first path and a second state in which the light transmitted through the optical-fiber-transmission-path is output to a second path; a splitting-unit that splits the light output to the second path by the path-switching-unit and outputs resulting first light and second light; and a control-circuit that stores information based on a result of reception of the light output to the first path by putting the path-switching-unit into the first state and then controls power of the pump light on a basis of the stored information and a result of reception of the first light output by the splitting-unit by putting the path-switching-unit into the second state.

Abstract: There is provided a control circuit for a transmission system in which signal light transmitted from a transmission-side apparatus via a transmission path to a reception-side apparatus is subjected to Raman amplification by inputting excitation light from the reception-side apparatus to the transmission path. The control circuit includes a first detection unit configured to detect a change amount of an optical loss of the transmission path caused by a state change of the transmission path, a second detection unit configured to detect a backscattered light amount of the excitation light, and a control unit configured to control an intensity of the excitation light input by the reception-side apparatus to the transmission path on the basis of the change amount of the optical loss detected by the first detection unit and the backscattered light amount detected by the second detection unit.

Abstract: A method, system and article of manufacture for amplification of light for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The method and system include a source of input light, a grating with grooves therein, a nanoparticle array disposed in the grooves with the nanoparticles and grating having a variety of selectable parameters. The combination of the nanoparticles and selected characteristics, including generating hot spots, and the features of the grating enable enhanced amplification of the input light signal to provide an output Raman signal of greatly increased intensity for Raman spectroscopy.

Abstract: A Raman amplifier using semiconductor lasers of Fabry-Perot, DFB, or DBR type or MOPAs, to output pumping lights having different central wavelengths, an interval between adjacent central wavelengths greater than 6 nm and smaller than 35 nm. An optical repeater is adapted to compensate loss in an optical fibre transmission line by the Raman amplifier. A Raman amplification method wherein the shorter the central wavelength of the pumping light, the higher light power of the pumping light. In the Raman amplifier, a certain pumping 1 wavelength being a first channel, and second to n-th channels are arranged with an interval of about 1 THz toward a longer wavelength side, pumping lights having wavelengths corresponding to the first to n-th channels are multiplexed, and pumping light having a wavelength spaced apart from the n-th channel by 2 THz or more toward the longer wavelength side is combined with the multiplexed light, thereby forming the pumping light source.

Abstract: A Raman pump may include a dual output laser configured to output two optical signals; a delay interferometer configured to delay a first of the two optical signals to decorrelate the two optical signals from each other; and a combiner configured to combine the delayed first of the two optical signals and a second of the two optical signals to provide a Raman amplification signal.

Abstract: A pumping unit supplies pumping light to a fiber connecting medium; a light monitoring unit detects light power of multiple-wavelength light; and a control unit controls the pumping light based on light power detected by the light monitoring unit and connecting medium information indicating optical characteristics in the connecting medium. The connecting medium information includes information indicating a fiber type of the fiber connecting medium, information indicating a length of the fiber connecting medium, an average fiber loss coefficient of the fiber connecting medium and an intra-station loss value.

Abstract: A pump unit (402) for a Raman amplifier (400) including an optical fibre (401) carrying an optical signal (420) is disclosed. The pump unit includes at least two light sources (411, 412, 431, 432) for emitting light at different wavelengths into the fibre to induce Raman gain of the optical signal passing along the fibre, and a controller (409) for providing pulses to each of the light sources to control when they do and do not emit light. The controller is configured to control the width of the pulses to control the total power of the light emitted into the fibre.

Abstract: A Raman amplifier comprising a gain control unit adapted to control a pump power of an optical pump signal in response to at least one monitored optical feedback signal reflected back from a transmission line fiber connected to said pumped Raman amplifier.

Abstract: Apparatus for combining laser radiation (1) 5 which apparatus comprises a seed laser (2), a splitter (3), a plurality of amplifier chains (4), a reference amplifier chain (7), detection means (5). demodulator means (6), and phase control means (12), wherein each of the amplifier chains (4) comprises at least one optical amplifier (11), optical radiation (17) emitted from the seed laser (2) is split into the plurality of amplifier chains (4) by the splitter (3).

Abstract: A low-power “all-in-one” Yb/Raman optical fiber laser system includes a pump input, and a Yb/Raman resonator including a segment of integrated Yb/Raman fiber configured to provide both a ionic gain and Raman gain. A set of input gratings and output gratings define a series of reflector pairs that, together with the integrated Yb/Raman fiber, create a nested series of cavities that provide a stepwise transition from the input wavelength to a selected target output wavelength.

Abstract: A Raman amplifier, at the time of start up or the like, drives a predetermined number of pump light sources among a plurality of pump light sources, in a stable region, and judges a Raman gain in the transmission line, and based on the judgment result, specifies a pump light source to switch on and a pump light source to switch off, among the plurality of pump light sources, and controls the drive state of the pump light sources that are switched on. As a result, the plurality of pump light sources are appropriately driven corresponding to the system requirements so that stable behavior is possible, and constant control of Raman gain can be realized at a high accuracy.

Abstract: Techniques, in the form of an apparatus, logic and a method, are provided to set power levels for multiple Raman pump wavelengths in a distributed Raman amplification configuration in order to achieve a target gain and tilt or desired gain profile. A Raman pump light source is activated at each of a plurality of pump wavelengths and at each of a plurality of pump power levels such that only one pump wavelength at a given pump power level is active at a time to thereby amplify an optical probe signal in the optical fiber to produce an amplified probe signal. The level of the amplified probe signal at each of the pump power levels for the plurality of pump wavelengths is measured. The pump power level for each of the plurality of pump wavelengths is computed based on the measured levels of the amplified probe signals due to each of the pump power levels and at each of the pump power levels for the plurality of pump wavelengths.

Abstract: A method to increase the output power of monolithic narrow-linewidth Yb-doped fiber amplifiers by suppressing simulated Brillouin scattering. The fiber amplifier employs a co-propagating geometry and is seeded with broad- (source 2) and narrow- (source 1) linewidth signals that are sufficiently different in wavelengths to allow for efficient gain competition and favorable temperature profile at the output end of fiber. The broadband seed signal possesses the higher emission and absorption cross sections. If source 2 is also given sufficiently greater input power than source 1, it will be amplified to its maximum value as the seed signals reach the middle portion of the gain fiber. Beyond that portion, the signal having the lower emission and absorption cross sections (signal 1) will continue to experience gain by power transfer from both signal 2 and the pump light, attaining a power output well beyond what the maximum output would have been had the amplifier been illuminated with a single frequency beam.

Abstract: To avoid harmful nonlinear effects in the amplification of short optical pulses, an initial pulse is divided into a sequence of lower-energy temporally spaced pulses that are otherwise identical to the original pulse. The low-intensity pulses are amplified and then recombined to create a final amplified output pulse.

Abstract: Fiber-laser light is Raman shifted to eye-safer wavelengths prior to spectral beam combination, enabling a high-power, eye-safer wavelength directed-energy (DE) system. The output of Ytterbium fiber lasers is not used directly for spectral beam combining. Rather, the power from the Yb fiber lasers is Raman-shifted to longer wavelengths, and these wavelengths are then spectrally beam combined. Raman shifting is most readily accomplished with a “cascaded Raman converter,” in which a series of nested fiber cavities is formed using fiber Bragg gratings.

Abstract: An example method includes receiving power measurements for a plurality of optical channels. Deviation measurements representing a difference between respective power measurements and corresponding power targets for the plurality of optical channels are created. Correctable deviations for the plurality of optical channels are determined based on the deviation measurements. The correctable deviations may be determined by projecting the measured deviations into a space that defines Raman gain profiles achievable with a set of channels and pumps. Pump settings for a plurality of pumps are determining based upon the correctable deviations for each channel by solving an optimization problem. The pump setting so determined may be applied to the plurality of pumps.

Abstract: A Raman amplifier according to the present invention comprises a plurality of pumping means using semiconductor lasers of Fabry-Perot, DFB, or DBR type or MOPAs, and pumping lights outputted from the pumping means have different central wavelengths, and interval between the adjacent central wavelength is greater than 6 nm and smaller than 35 nm. An optical repeater according to the present invention comprises the above-mentioned Raman amplifier and adapted to compensate loss in an optical fiber transmission line by the Raman amplifier. In a Raman amplification method according to the present invention, the shorter the central wavelength of the pumping light the higher light power of said pumping light.

Abstract: An optical coupler for coupling optical-pump power into a multimode fiber configured to transport an optical space-division-multiplexed (SDM) signal, the coupling being performed in a manner that enables amplification of the SDM signal in the multimode fiber via a stimulated-emission process or a stimulated Raman-scattering process. The optical coupler can be a part of an optical transmitter configured for co-directional pumping, an optical receiver configured for contra-directional pumping, or a relay station disposed within an optical communication link and configured for either type of pumping. The optical coupler can advantageously be used, e.g., to offset the different degrees of attenuation to which the SDM-signal components corresponding to different guided modes of the multimode fiber are subjected to therein.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for suppression of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) includes a master oscillator (MO) that generates a beam; a birefringent element that receives and transmits the beam, wherein the beam is transmitted with a transmission delay between two orthogonal axes; a polarization controller that receives the beam and transmits the beam with a desired polarization; a fiber amplifier that receives the beam, amplifies the beam, and transmits a beam; a compensating birefringent element that receives the beam, approximately removes the transmission delay between the two axes of the beam, and transmits an output beam; and a polarization detector that detects the output beam's polarization and provides feedback to the polarization controller to ensure that the polarization of the output beam is approximately equal to a desired output polarization, so as to reduce SBS.

Abstract: A self-arranging, luminescence-enhancement device 101 for surface-enhanced luminescence. The self-arranging, luminescence-enhancement device 101 for surface-enhanced luminescence includes a substrate 110, and a plurality 120 of flexible columnar structures. A flexible columnar structure 120-1 of the plurality 120 includes a flexible column 120-1A, and a metallic cap 120-1B coupled to the apex 120-1 C of the flexible column 120-1A. At least the flexible columnar structure 120-1 and a second flexible columnar structure 120-2 are configured to self-arrange into a close-packed configuration with at least one molecule 220-1 disposed between at least the metallic cap 120-1B and a second metallic cap 120-2B of respective flexible columnar structure 120-1 and second flexible columnar structure 120-2.

Abstract: A system for conversion or amplification using quasi-phase matched four-wave-mixing includes a first radiation source for providing a pump radiation beam, a second radiation source for providing a signal radiation beam, and a bent structure for receiving the pump radiation beam and the signal radiation beam. The radiation propagation portion of the bent structure is made of a uniform Raman-active or uniform Kerr-nonlinear material and the radiation propagation portion comprises a dimension taking into account the spatial variation of the Raman susceptibility or Kerr susceptibility along the radiation propagation portion as experienced by radiation travelling along the bent structure for obtaining quasi-phase-matched four-wave-mixing in the radiation propagation portion. The dimension thereby is substantially inverse proportional with the linear phase mismatch for four-wave-mixing.

Abstract: An optical-signal processing apparatus includes a polarizer that is provided at an output terminal of an optical fiber, and polarization control units that adjust a first excitation light and a second excitation light input to the optical fiber. The polarization control units adjust polarization states of the first excitation light and the second excitation light so that, when the first excitation light and the second excitation light are input to the polarizer, polarization directions of the first excitation light and the second excitation light are orthogonal to each other, and angular difference between the polarization direction of the first excitation light and the polarization direction of the second excitation light, measured against the polarization main axis of the polarizer, is equal to or smaller than a threshold value.

Abstract: A light generation and amplification system includes a length of laser-active filter fiber having a refractive index profile that suppresses unwanted Stokes orders at wavelengths longer than a target wavelength and that has normal dispersion over its operating wavelength. A nested series of reflectors is provided at the fiber's input and output ends, and are configured to provide a nested series of Raman cavities, separated in wavelength by approximately the respective Stokes shifts. The first cavity in the series is a combined cavity that provides laser oscillation due to a combination of ionic gain and feedback at a selected first wavelength and that provides Raman gain to light at the first Stokes shift of the first wavelength when light at the first wavelength has an energy exceeding a Raman scattering threshold. The Raman cavities provide a stepwise transition between the first wavelength and the target wavelength.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention discloses a method of performing target Raman gain locking and a Raman fiber amplifier. The Raman fiber amplifier comprises a coupler (1) and a control unit (15), wherein the control unit comprises a target gain locking module. A detection circuit formed by filters and optical power detectors is connected between an output side of the coupler (1) and an input side of the control unit (15). Said method uses the control unit (15) to adjust power of the pump laser, making the detected out-of-band ASE power value reach target out-of-band ASE optical signal power value. Thus, the target amplification gain locking can be realized. Optical path according to embodiments of the present invention has a simple structure. The Raman gain can be configured flexibly according to line condition, and automatic control and locking of gain of the Raman fiber amplifier can be realized.

Abstract: A pumping unit supplies pumping light to a fiber connecting medium; a light monitoring unit detects light power of multiple-wavelength light; and a control unit controls the pumping light based on light power detected by the light monitoring unit and connecting medium information indicating optical characteristics in the connecting medium. The connecting medium information includes information indicating a fiber type of the fiber connecting medium, information indicating a length of the fiber connecting medium, an average fiber loss coefficient of the fiber connecting medium and an intra-station loss value.

Abstract: A method is provided for dispersion compensation of an optical signal communicated in an optical network. The method may include receiving an optical signal comprising a plurality of channels. The method may further include filtering at least one channel from the plurality of channels. The method may also include analyzing the at least one channel of the plurality of channels to measure optical dispersion in the at least one channel. The method may additionally include compensating for optical dispersion based on the measured dispersion.

Abstract: A pumping unit supplies pumping light to a fiber connecting medium; a light monitoring unit detects light power of multiple-wavelength light; and a control unit controls the pumping light based on light power detected by the light monitoring unit and connecting medium information indicating optical characteristics in the connecting medium. The connecting medium information includes information indicating a fiber type of the fiber connecting medium, information indicating a length of the fiber connecting medium, an average fiber loss coefficient of the fiber connecting medium and an intra-station loss value.

Abstract: A system is provided that includes optical amplifiers provided upstream from an optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM). One of the optical amplifiers may be a Raman amplifier that supplies amplified light to another optical amplifier, such as an erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA), which, in turn, further amplifies and feeds the light to an input of the OADM. During turn-up, for example, the EDFA may initially be disabled, the power of the pump lasers of the Raman amplifier may be gradually increased until light input to the EDFA exceeds a power threshold at which the EDFA can amplify the input light. Light supplied to the EDFA does not have an excessive amount of power. Accordingly, at this point, the gain of the EDFA may be appropriately adjusted and then activated to supply optical signals to the OADM. Such optical signals may have a low power but not too low so as to prevent proper operation of downstream EDFA. Moreover, these optical signal do not have power that is so high as to cause “spiking.

Abstract: A Raman amplifier includes at least a first and a second optical Raman-active fiber disposed in series with each other. A first pump source is connected to the first Raman-active fiber, and is adapted for emitting and coupling into the first Raman-active fiber a first pump radiation including a first group of frequencies. A second pump source is connected to the second Raman-active fiber, and is adapted for emitting and coupling into the second Raman-active fiber a second pump radiation including a second group of frequencies. The whole of said first and second group of frequencies extends over a pump frequency range having a width of at least the 40% of the Raman shift. The minimum and the maximum frequency in each of said first and second group of frequencies differ with each other of at most the 70% of said Raman shift.

Abstract: The distributed Raman amplifier monitors an OSNR of each channel in a WDM light which has been propagated through a transmission path to be Raman amplified, and thereafter, is amplified by an optical amplifier in an optical repeating node; judges whether a monitor value of the OSNR is larger or smaller than a previously set target value thereof; and feedback controls a driving state of a pumping light source which supplies a Raman pumping light to the transmission path, based on the judgment result. The optical communication system comprises the above distributed Raman amplifier in each repeating span thereof, and performs a pumping light control of the distributed Raman amplifier corresponding to the repeating span selected based on the OSNR in each distributed Raman amplifier and the monitor result of span loss. As a result, it becomes possible to effectively improve the OSNR of each channel in the WDM light, and also, to reduce the power consumption.

Abstract: An optical communication system comprising an optical fiber connected to a first signal regeneration node located at a first end of the optical fiber and a second signal regeneration node located at a second end of the optical fiber; intermediary nodes located between the first and second signal regeneration nodes, wherein one or more pairs of adjacent intermediary nodes each define a span distance along the optical fiber; and one or more Raman amplifiers located within each span distance along the optical fiber, wherein at least one of the one or more Raman amplifiers comprises a case that encases one or more lasers and a temperature controller comprising a temperature sensor to monitor a temperature of the one or more lasers; and a temperature regulator to control a temperature of the one or more lasers.

Abstract: A distributed Raman amplification apparatus includes a Raman excitation light source that outputs Raman excitation light to a transmission line fiber through which signal light propagates, a light source control unit that controls an output wavelength of the Raman excitation light source to prevent the Raman excitation light from changing a wavelength spectrum of the signal light, an intensity measurement unit that measures intensity of the Raman excitation light before and after propagation through the transmission line fiber, and a loss calculation unit that calculates a loss of the Raman excitation light in the transmission line fiber based on the intensity of the Raman excitation light before and after propagation through the transmission line fiber measured by the intensity measurement unit. This allows real-time monitoring of the Raman gain.

Abstract: A signal detection method used in an optical receiver apparatus detects the variation of an optical input level from the presence or absence of a clock signal and appropriately controls a dispersion compensator, thereby enabling the presence or absence of an input signal to be correctly determined. The signal detection method includes: detecting the level of input light of an optical amplifier, storing the level of the detected input light, comparing the level of the stored previous input light with the level of current input light, detecting the level variation of the input light by the comparison to detect the state change of the presence or absence of an optical signal, performing a dispersion compensation on the input light, and extracting a clock from an optical input. When the level variation of the input light is detected, the presence or absence of the optical signal of the input light is determined from the presence or absence of the clock signal.

Abstract: An optical amplifier control apparatus according to the present invention includes control circuit 300; optical amplifiers 4, 5 respectively located on paths; a plurality of light sources 200, 201 that output excitation lights that differ in light intensity; and optical switch 32 that changes optical routes of excitation lights that are output from light sources 200, 201 and inputs the excitation lights to optical amplifiers 4, 5 as determined by control circuit 300. Control circuit 300 is provided with determination section 301 that determines which paths to allocate which excitation lights that differ in light intensity based on a parameter that relates to wavelength lights on a plurality of paths when wavelength lights of WDM signal light that propagate to one of the plurality of paths are optically amplified.

Abstract: To obtain automatic gain control with high accuracy by including first and second light monitors, a reference light supplying unit supplying reference light of which wavelength is set within a gain band of a distributed Raman amplification and out of a wavelength band of main signal light to the optical transmission path, a first reference light monitor monitoring a power of the reference light input to the optical transmission path from one end side thereof, a second reference light monitor monitoring the power of the reference light output from the other end side of the optical transmission path, and a controlling unit controlling supply of pump light in a pump light supplying unit as well as supervising a state of the optical transmission path, based on monitor results from the first and second light monitor and the monitor results in the first and second reference light monitors.

Abstract: The alteration of the bandwidth of an optical amplifier. Before alteration, optical signals having a first set of wavelengths are provided through a gain medium of the optical amplifier. In addition, a first pump having a set of pump wavelengths is propagated through the gain medium to thereby amplify the optical signals. After alteration, optical signals having at least a partially different set of wavelengths are able to be optically amplified by coupling a second pump into the optical medium. The second pump is at least partially distinct from the first pump in that the second pump includes at least one pump wavelength that was not included in the first pump.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for suppression of four-wave mixing using polarization control with a high power polarization maintaining fiber amplifier system. The apparatus includes a master oscillator (MO) that generates a beam; a polarization controller that receives the beam from the MO and transmits the beam with a desired polarization; a pre-amplifier that receives the beam from the polarization controller, pre-amplifies the beam, and transmits the beam; a high power fiber amplifier that receives the beam from the pre-amplifier, amplifies the beam, and transmits an output beam; and a polarization detector that detects the polarization of the output beam. The polarization detector transmits feedback to the polarization controller to ensure that the output beam components aligned with the principal birefringent axes of the high power fiber amplifier have approximately equal power.

Abstract: An optical amplification mechanism that introduces optical pump(s) into one port of an optical circulator. The optical circulator directs the optical pumps from that port into another port that is coupled to the output of a gain stage. The optical pump(s) then pass from the output to the input of the gain stage while amplifying an optical signal passing from the input to the output of the gain stage. A residual amount of optical pump(s) that exits the input of the gain stage is reflected back into the input of the gain stage. The reflected optical pump(s) then further assists in the amplification of the optical signal. Other embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus in which its function can be improved by installing an additional module to an existing module in a module configuration system. A video information processing apparatus 100, which is an existing module, has the function of reading, from a network module 150 as an additional module, software held in the network module 150. The software held in the network module 150 includes control software for the network module and software for making the control software available to the existing video information processing apparatus 100. The software held in the network module 150 is added to the video information processing apparatus 100, and the network module 150 is operated by the video information processing apparatus 100.

Abstract: Devices for generating a laser beam are disclosed. The devices include a silicon micro ring having at least one silicon optical waveguide disposed at a distance from the micro ring. The radius and the cross-sectional dimension of the micro ring, the cross-sectional dimension of the waveguide, and the distance between the micro ring and the waveguide are determined such that one or more pairs of whispering gallery mode resonant frequencies of the micro ring are separated by an optical phonon frequency of silicon. Methods of manufacturing a lasing device including a silicon micro ring coupled with a silicon waveguide are also disclosed.

Abstract: One aspect provides an optical device. The optical device includes a first and a second array of optical couplers, a plurality of waveguides and a plurality of pump couplers located over a surface of a substrate. The optical couplers of the first array are able to end-couple in a one-to-one manner to the optical cores of a first multi-core fiber having an end facing and adjacent to the first array and the surface. The optical couplers of the second array are able to end-couple in a one-to-one manner to optical cores having ends facing and adjacent to the second array. The plurality of optical waveguides connects in a one-to-one manner the optical couplers of the first array to the optical couplers of the second array. Each optical waveguide has a pump coupler connected thereto between the ends of the waveguide.

Abstract: A pumping unit supplies pumping light to a fiber connecting medium; a light monitoring unit detects light power of multiple-wavelength light; and a control unit controls the pumping light based on light power detected by the light monitoring unit and connecting medium information indicating optical characteristics in the connecting medium. The connecting medium information includes information indicating a fiber type of the fiber connecting medium, information indicating a length of the fiber connecting medium, an average fiber loss coefficient of the fiber connecting medium and an intra-station loss value.

Abstract: An optical wavelength multiplexing system includes transmission-side and reception-side optical wavelength multiplexers, and terminal devices, which are connected to each other by optical fiber cables. Optical wavelength converters in the transmission-side optical wavelength multiplexers are connected to ports respectively. The optical wavelength converter converts an input optical signal into an arbitrary preset wavelength to generate a converted optical signal. The port has a predetermined wavelength preset therein. Each optical power level of input converted optical signals is compared with each optical power level of optical signals of respective wavelengths set in the ports. When a difference is detected in the comparison result, it is determined that an optical wavelength converter is incorrectly connected to the port.

Abstract: A light amplifying device including a Raman amplifier to Raman-amplify a signal light by inputting excitation lights of a plurality of wavelengths to a transmission path through which the signal light propagates, a plurality of measuring units measuring powers of light output from the Raman amplifier in a plurality of wavelength bands included in an amplification band of the Raman amplifier, a calculating unit calculating a ratio of the respective powers measured by at least two of the plurality of measuring units, and a control unit controlling a power ratio of the respective excitation lights input to the transmission path by the Raman amplifier based on the ratio calculated by the calculating unit.