Abstract: The invention relates to a binocular telescope having cardanically journalled inverting systems mounted on a symmetrical double holder. This double holder is connected via a spring joint to a stationary non-movable base frame which is mounted at the pivot point of both inverting systems. An active movement damping device provides for a field image stabilization in the telescope. The monolithic spring joint provides a spring action perpendicular to the optical axis with the springs being thickened in the axial direction toward the edge to improve supporting capability. Shock protection is provided in the region of the support pivot point and contains a releasable latching device. The active damping device consists of a magnet system movable relative to a current coil fixed to the housing. This current coil exhibits a nonlinear effect in order to axially adjust the damping constant.

Abstract: A binocular surgical loupe which enhances the illumination of the viewed field while avoiding flare effects of illuminating light within the loupe optics. The binocular system utilizes circularly polarized illumination and viewing to prevent flare effects and additionally enhances the illumination of the field of view by utilization of the illumination source waste beam that results from the presence of a beam splitter in the illumination path within the loupe. In addition, a camera system is provided which permits remote viewing of the user's field of view. In one embodiment the camera and view paths include separate, identical zoom lenses which are synchronously controlled so that the fields of illumination and view are kept coextensive. In another embodiment for a binocular loupe, the loupe optics for one eye combines illumination and viewing functions while the loupe for the other eye combines camera and viewing functions.

Abstract: A focus detection system for a camera, especially for a single lens reflex camera, is disclosed.The focus detection system comprises a light projection means for illuminating an object at the active AF and means for switching positions and/or sizes of iris apertures for focus detection according to the type, F-number, focal length, shift amount etc., of an interchangeable lens assembly in order to remove possible light beams such as flares and ghosts generated by surface reflections due to lenses comprising the interchangeable objective lens.