Abstract: An active energy beam-curable composition is provided, which is excellent in coatability to films and safety, and particularly suitable for use in a light diffusion film since a light diffusion film made of a cured product of the composition is excellent in both haze and total light transmittance. The active energy beam-curable composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing compound (A) that contains, as an essential component thereof, a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group and an aromatic group, and a granular substance (B) that is insoluble in the component (A), in which the subtraction of the refractive index of the component (B) from the refractive index of a cured product of the component (A) alone is not less than 0.03 and not more than 0.18.

Abstract: A light diffusion plate has a substrate and a light diffusion layer formed on the substrate. The light diffusion layer is composed of at least two layers: a first light diffusion layer containing a first matrix and a first light diffusion agent having a refractive index difference ?n1 of 0.04??n1?0.2 with the first matrix, and a second light diffusion layer containing a second matrix and a second light diffusion agent having a refractive index difference ?n2 of 0.005??n2?0.01 with the second matrix. The volume fraction of the first light diffusion agent in the first light diffusion layer is less than 40%, the volume fraction of the second light diffusion agent in the second light diffusion layer is at least 40% and the total thickness of the light diffusion layers is from 5 to 200 ?m after curing.

Abstract: A view angle control sheet which can suppress a decrease in screen brightness is provided. Lens portions having trapezoidal shapes in cross section are arranged at predetermined intervals, and a wedge-shaped portion between the lens portions adjacent to each other is filled with the same material as the lens portion or with a material different from the lens portion. In the wedge-shaped portion, a bottom surface is provided on a screen image side while a leading edge is provided on an observer side, and at least a slope portion of the wedge-shaped portion is made of a material having a refractive index lower than that of a lens portion material.

Abstract: A method for image projection on a screen, including providing an image to be projected on the screen, determining excitation light representing the image, and illuminating with the excitation light at least one light excitable layer disposed on the screen, wherein the light excitable layer is configured to be stimulated for the emission of visible light based on the excitation light.

Abstract: A fly's-eye lens sheet having a light-shielding layer includes a fly's-eye lens sheet body provided with fly's-eye lenses on one principal surface thereof, the light-shielding layer provided on the other principal surface of the fly's-eye lens sheet body, and a photosensitive adhesive layer disposed between the fly's-eye lens sheet body and the light-shielding layer, the photosensitive adhesive layer having adhesive and non-adhesive patterns, wherein the light-shielding layer includes a light-shielding portion disposed on the adhesive pattern and transmitting portions disposed on the non-adhesive pattern for transmitting light transmitted through the fly's-eye lenses, the transmitting portions are located at positions corresponding to light-collecting parts of the fly's-eye lenses, and the light-shielding portion contains carbon particles, the content of the carbon particles being 45% to 65% by weight.

Abstract: A transmission screen having a writable and erasable surface for one side is provided. This transmission screen is constructed so that the writable and erasable surface should have a specular gloss (JIS K5600-4-7:1999) of 70 to 135%, the transmission screen as a whole should have a haze (JIS K7136:2000) of 80% or more, and the surface opposite to the writable and erasable surface should have a specular gloss (JIS K5600-4-7:1999) of 10% or less. With this transmission screen, writing with a marker for white boards and erasing can be easily done while seeing images projected on the transmission screen, and the images from a projector do not become hard to see due to projection of the images on the body of a writer.

Abstract: A screen includes a front surface structure section including a lens array having a plurality of element lenses arranged on a two-dimensional plane on a front side of the screen, a rear surface structure section including a plurality of scattering surfaces formed on a rear side of the lens array so as to be tilted with respect to the two-dimensional plane, and adapted to emit projection light, which has been input, towards the front side of the screen while scattering the projection light, and an adhesive layer adapted to bond the front surface structure section and the rear surface structure section to each other, and the rear surface structure section is composed mainly of a plurality of rear surface forming sections different from each other in a pattern of the plurality of scattering surfaces.

Abstract: A main controller sends a “rewrite mode” command to an engine controller. Receiving the command, the engine controller 12 sends a “roger” status. This switches the mode from a print mode to a rewrite mode. In the rewrite mode, the engine controller 12 serves as a master and the main controller 11 serves as a slave, a communication which is necessary for rewriting of firmware takes place between the two, and the firmware is rewritten.

Abstract: A compound curved projection screen having a curvature about at least one region, such as a cylinder cross section curved about an axis or an ellipse about a plurality of axes, is provided. The compound curved screen comprises a plurality of angled planar reflective surfaces oriented to generally provide light energy in a direction of a screen centered axis. Compound curvature exists by the plurality of angled planar reflective surfaces being positioned in a generally curved and stepped manner about a second region different from the first region, such as a second axis orthogonal to the first axis.

Abstract: A highly diffusing plastic sheet having a thickness of from 1 to 5 mm, a haze of 80% or more and a total light transmittance of 80% or more, which includes at least one diffuser layer A, two or more diffuser layers B, and optionally a diffusing agent-free layer C. The diffuser layer A is formed from a first matrix plastic and a first light-diffusing fine particle having an average particle size of from 2 to 6 ?m and a refractive index of from X?0.02 to X+0.02 wherein X is a refractive index of the first matrix plastic. The diffuser layer B is formed from a second matrix plastic and a second light-diffusing fine particle having an average particle size of from 10 to 18 ?m and a refractive index of from Y?0.03 to Y+0.03 wherein Y is a refractive index of the second matrix plastic.

Abstract: Multilayered screens with parallel light-emitting stripes for scanning beam display systems. The light-emitting materials may include phosphor materials and non-phosphor materials.

Abstract: To provide a lenticular lens sheet having a fine light shielding pattern that has high color reproducibility. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] The above problem can be solved by a lenticular lens sheet, in which the average primary particle diameter of carbon black contained in a light shielding layer is not less than 10 nm and not more than 50 nm and, preferably, in an image of the cross-section of the light shielding layer under scanning electron microscopic observation, the area ratio of carbon black to the whole image is not less than 60% and not more than 95%, and a process for producing the lenticular lens sheet.

Abstract: An optical sheet of the present invention is constituted by a micro-lens array sheet formed with a flat face and a back face having micro lenses aligned laterally and longitudinally and an anisotropic light-absorbing sheet with different light absorbing properties depending on incident angle of incident light entering an incident face arranged oppositely and proximally to each other. The optical sheet may be constituted by the micro-lens array sheet, the anisotropic light-absorbing sheet, a pinhole array sheet and a light diffusing sheet arranged proximally in this order. In an image display device of the present invention, the optical sheet of the present invention is arranged proximally to a display face of an image display element. The anisotropic light-absorbing sheet of the present invention has through cavities surrounded by light-absorbing side walls mutually sharing the side walls and collected closely in a large number.

Abstract: There are provided a rear projection screen and a rear projection display apparatus capable of achieving a large lenticular pitch Lp and a high pitch ratio Gp/Lp and suppressing moire. The rear projection screen includes a plurality of pixels with an outer edge having a rhombus shape inclined with respect to a horizontal direction and a vertical direction of a screen of the rear projection screen, and a lenticular lens sheet diffusing light emitted from a rear projection projector within a certain angle range. The plurality of pixels are arranged in such a way that their outer edges are adjacent to each other, a lens pitch Lp (mm) of the lenticular lens sheet satisfies Lp?0.15, and a pitch ratio Gp/Lp of a pitch Gp (mm) of the pixels and the lens pitch Lp satisfies Gp/Lp?1.0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to projection films and methods of making the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a projection film whereby the microspheres exhibit improved alignment on the light exit surface and have alignment on the light entrance surface that varies according to the individual microsphere diameter. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a projection film that has the attributes of variable gain within the single projection film. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to an exposed microsphere projection film construction that provides modification of the head-on and angular pattern of light transmission (gain).

Abstract: An imaging material has been developed which provides improved image contrast, increased gain and increased viewing angle. A method for production of the screen element is also described. The imaging material of the invention includes a refractive optical element which redirects incident light along a desired axis, a light transmissive focusing region which diffuses the light along the desired axis, and a controlled light-transmissive region which controls backscatter and increases contrast. The refractive optical element desirably includes an active surface such as a lenticular array embossed thereon which serves to redirect incident light as desired. The focusing region desirably is made of a matrix material having a refractive index n1, having dispersed throughout the matrix asymmetric micro-bodies that have a refractive index n2 different from n1. The controlled light-transmissive region may desirably comprise an alternating black stripe and transparent region.

Abstract: By using high and low refractive index materials, a planarized reflective-refractive Fresnel lens and a planarized refractive lenticular lens can be created. These flat screen components eliminate the need for an air-gap, thus reducing the screen thickness. Additionally, this allows for the screen to be manufactured on a roll-to-roll process that can significantly reduce the screen cost. By adding the capability of planarizing the elements, they can be combined in a final structure on a roll-to-roll process. Since the Fresnel lens can be combined with the lenticular lens before exposure of the black stripe region, the exposure of the black stripe region can account for any deviation from true collimation or non-normal angle of incidence of the light path in the projection system design.

Abstract: Images that are bright even on the periphery of a transmissive screen are obtained by reducing reflection loss of the screen when the screen incident angle of the image light entering the upper left and right ends of the screen increases. Incident-side prisms (10), each having at least a plane-of-incidence (c) onto which light comes in, an exit face (d) from which the light that has come in from the plane-of-incidence exits after being refracted, and a refractive face (e) on which the light that has exited from the exit face is refracted and then guided to the image-viewing side of the Fresnel lens sheet (6), are provided in the range where the incident angle of the incoming light becomes equal to or greater than approximately 40 degrees.

Abstract: An image display apparatus that can display three-dimensional-like images having a superior visual effect in a simple manner is provided. This image display apparatus is constituted by a projector 20 and a decorative display unit 10 comprising a light transmitting substrate having multiple colored dots arranged on one surface of the substrate and multiple light transmitting light converging elements arranged on the other surface of the substrate, at least a part of which is provided with an image formation means for forming an image from light projected from the projector 20. With this image display apparatus, a virtual image of the dots is formed on a plane different from the plane of the image projected on the image formation means to provide a three-dimensional-like visual effect. It is preferred that directivities of the arrangements of the dots and light converging elements of the decorative display unit 10 are identical to each other, and pitches thereof are different from each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a projector screen for image projection, comprising a transparent support (16) which fixes the screen shape and a light-scattering layer, which covers at least one defined projection surface within the screen shape, whereby, in order to reduce the corona effect which degrades the image contrast and the image resolution, the light-scattering layer is embodied as a coating (18) on a very thin transparent film (17). Said film (17) is fixed to the separate support (16) and optically decoupled from the support (16), preferably by means of an air gap (19).

Abstract: A diffusing sheet, a surface light source unit, and a transmission type display that can attain uniform illumination so that the brightness of light on the display screen appears uniform regardless of the position from which the display screen is observed. The diffusing sheet includes, on its light-emerging side surface, a diffusion lens array having a plurality of unit lenses, each unit lens being in a shape equivalent to a part of an elliptic cylinder having an elliptical cross section. The surface light source unit includes the diffusing sheet and a convergent sheet 12 that has a plurality of unit lenses 121 having almost trapezoidal cross sections, formed on one surface thereof. It is possible to attain uniform illumination by diffusing light from cathode ray tubes in the surface light source unit, and, at the same time, to converge the light serving as backlight to enhance optical efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical member having excellent anti-reflection properties, capable of being produced inexpensively as compared with conventional optical members having anti-reflection properties and of being mass-produced with quality kept constant. An optical member 1 has a plane of incidence 3 and a plane of emergence 5. The plane of emergence 5 has, as an optical element, prisms 2 by which the optical path of incident light (see symbol X) is changed. The plane of incidence 3 has a plurality of minute concavities 4 (see FIG. 2) by which reflection of incident light is prevented.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus including: a liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal layer; a backlight apparatus arranged at one side of the couple of substrates of the liquid crystal display element; a polarizer arranged between the liquid crystal display element and the backlight apparatus; a luminous intensity distribution control element arranged at the other side of the couple of substrates of the liquid crystal display element; an analyzer arranged between the liquid crystal display element and the luminous intensity distribution control element, wherein the luminous intensity distribution control element comprises a transparent base member, a plural lenses arranged on the transparent base member, and a light absorbing layer having small opening portions substantially at focal positions of an individual lens of the plural lenses, and the transparent base member is constituted of a transparent body substantially optically isotropic or a transparent body having uniaxial optical anisotro

Abstract: A screen includes a lens array having a plurality of spherical lens elements. A first length of the spherical lens elements, along a first direction at substantially a center of each of respective spherical lens elements, and a second length of the spherical lens elements, along a second direction at substantially the center of each of the respective lens elements and substantially orthogonal to the first direction, are set such that the second length is larger than the first length. A curvature center position of any one of the plurality of spherical lens elements is arranged to be at substantially a half of the first length along the first direction, with respect to a curvature center position of another spherical lens element adjacent to the lens element in the second direction.

Abstract: A rear projection-type screen includes two sheet-like members having lenses prevented from being deformed and scratched. In the rear projection-type screen (5) for passing and focusing image light L emitted from an image light source (3), two sheet-like members (a lenticular lens sheet 7 and a Fresnel lens sheet 8) each made of a transparent material and having minute lenses (9) and (11) formed on at least one surface thereof are disposed such that their surfaces (7b) and (8a) with the lenses formed thereon confront each other, and a plurality of spacers (14), (14), . . . are disposed at appropriate spaced intervals between the confronting lenses of the two sheet-like members within an effective screen area (5a) for passing and focusing the image light thereon.

Abstract: An optical display system is disclosed. The system has an optical light source, a first microstructured optical component having a plurality of first microstructures, and having a nominal first microstructure pitch, P1; and a second microstructure optical component, arranged relative to the first microstructured optical component, having a plurality of second microstructures and having a second nominal microstructure pitch, P2. P2/P1 has a value closer to the mid-point between consecutive integers than to either one of the consecutive integers.

Abstract: A rear-projection screen comprises an optical unit, a light-blocking layer, and an optical lens. The optical unit has a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is opposite to the second surface. The first surface has a plurality of cylindrical convexes and the second surface has a plurality of irregular protruding parts. The light-blocking layer adjoins to the second surface and has a plurality of striped light-absorbing units. The optical lens is disposed adjacent to the optical unit.

Abstract: A lens sheet for use as a Fresnel lens sheet or a lenticular lens sheet of rear projection screens, which includes a plastic substrate and a lens element disposed on the plastic substrate. The plastic substrate includes at least a first surface layer, an intermediate layer and a second surface layer. Each of the first surface layer and the second surface layer has a saturated water absorptivity higher than that of the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A stereoscopic display device is provided. The stereoscopic display device includes an optical waveguide member and a first main surface and a second main surface. The first and second main surfaces face each other. A first light path changing member is provided on at least one of the first and second main surfaces, and is operative to change the path of light guided by the optical waveguide member. A second light path changing member is provided on at least one of the first and second main surfaces, and is operative to change the path of the light guided by the optical waveguide member. A reflector body is disposed so as to face the second main surface and reflects the light emitted from the second light path changing member to the first main surface.

Abstract: There is provided a transmission type screen having a directional light scattering lens and a fresnel lens, wherein the fresnel lens has contact portions that contact with the directional light scattering lens and non-contact portions which are provided between the contact portions, whose height is lower than that of the contact portions and which do not contact with the directional light scattering lens. The invention realizes the very practical transmission type screen that allows viewers to appreciate good images in which blur and Moire are inconspicuous by preventing the blur from occurring on the screen and by reducing the intensity of Moire which is caused by the periodic structure of the fresnel and lenticular lenses.

Abstract: A photopolymerizable composition comprising a polymerizable compound and a photopolymerization initiator, wherein the polymerizable compound is characterized by comprising (a) a bifunctional (meth)acrylic acid (thio)ester compound containing a sulfur atom in the molecule and (b) at least one of a (meth)acrylic acid ester compound represented by the general formula (1) or a bifunctional (meth)acrylic acid ester compound having a urethane linkage: wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R3 and R4 are each independently an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group or a halogen atom; m and n are each an integer of 0 to 2; X1 is an alkylidene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and Y1 and Y2 are each independently a poly(oxyalkylene) group with the proviso that at least one of Y1 and Y2 is a poly(oxyalkylene) group having a hydroxy group.

Abstract: An optical display system is disclosed. The system has an optical light source, a microstructured optical component, and an optical display. The microstructured optical component has a plurality of microstructures, and a nominal microstructure pitch. The optical display is arranged relative to the microstructured optical component and has a plurality of pixels having a pixel pitch, wherein the microstructure pitch is such that an intensity of a Moiré pattern produced by the display due to interaction of light directed by the microstructured optical component from the light source is substantially zero.

Abstract: A fabrication method for a rear-projection screen includes the steps of providing a light source and a lenticular lens sheet; projecting parallel light onto the lenticular portions of a lenticular lens sheet to make one surface of the lenticular lens sheet opposite to the lenticular portions have a plurality of bright and dark areas located thereon; detecting the locations of the bright and dark areas on the surface of the lenticular lens sheet opposite to the lenticular portions; and spreading an opaque material on all the dark areas.

Abstract: A method of creating a projection screen includes forming on a substrate a set of reflective areas directed to a first set of angles and forming on the substrate a set of absorptive areas directed to other than the first set of angles.

Abstract: A lens substrate (microlens substrate 1) having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface is disclosed. Light is allowed to enter the lens substrate from the first surface thereof and then exit from the second surface thereof. The lens substrate includes: a plurality of convex lenses (microlenses 21) formed on the first surface of the lens substrate from which the light is allowed to enter the lens substrate; and a colored portion 22 provided on the first surface of the lens substrate with the plurality of convex lenses. The colored portion 22 is constituted from a plurality of regions each having a different content by percentage of a coloring agent, and the plurality of regions are laminated in the thickness direction of the colored portion 22.

Abstract: A rear projection imaging system with an image warping distortion correction system using a camera and processing unit to generate a warping map that corrects for image distortion. The warping map is generated in an iterative process by displaying a known pattern on a viewing screen and, through the use of a camera, having a microprocessor determine the location and shape of the pattern on the screen. The microprocessor then compares the displayed image to the original reference image, calculates the distortion effects present in the projection optics, and generates a warping map.

Abstract: A display device for displaying images in a rear projection display device is provided. The display device may include, amongst other structure, a screen including a lens portion and a frame portion. A tensioner may be operatively associated with the screen and may be adapted to adjust the frame portion to maintain a predetermined tautness in the lens portion.

Abstract: To eliminate ghosts caused by retroreflection of projected light and obtain high resolution images. Fine irregularities 5 are randomly formed on the plane of incidence 2a of a Fresnel lens sheet 2 with little space between them. The glossiness (Gs 60°) of the fine irregularities 5 formed by such a random pattern is equal or less than 35%. The fine irregularities 5 are in a semispherical shape, the level difference is about 10 ?m, and the maximum diameter is about 50 ?m. Projected light L is scattered by the fine irregularities 5 at the plane of incidence 2a, subjected to vector resolution, and has its optical intensity weakened, so that retroreflection light can be prevented.

Abstract: A contrast improving sheet includes a first optical functional element and a second optical functional element on the viewing side thereof. The first optical functional element has a plurality of protrusions, each having a pair of opposite total-reflection facets for totally reflecting image light rays substantially perpendicularly incident on the entrance surface and a flat facet extending between the front edges, on the side of the exit surface, of the pair of opposite total-reflection facets. Light absorbing layers are formed between the adjacent protrusions. The second optical functional element has a light path correcting layer for correcting light paths followed by the image light rays totally reflected by the total-reflection facets such that the image light rays are emitted through the exit surface substantially perpendicularly to the exit surface. The light path correcting layer has a plurality of alternately inclined planes inclined in opposite directions.

Abstract: A transmission type screen including a fly-eye lens having a convex shape on one side thereof and a light-shielding layer provided on an opposite side of a lens surface of the fly-eye lens and having a plurality of openings provided near each focus of lens unit cells, wherein if uniform light perpendicular to an optical axis of the lens unit cell is incident upon the lens surface, luminance on an emission side of the screen when the screen is observed from a direction inclined against the optical axis of the lens unit lens by a predetermined angle in a horizontal direction when the screen is used is larger than luminance when the screen is observed from a direction inclined by the same angle as that in the horizontal direction in a vertical direction when the screen is used.

Abstract: A screen member for a transmission screen includes: a microlens substrate, a light incident face thereof being formed with a plurality of microlenses for condensing incident light; a black matrix formed on a light emission face of the microlens substrate, which has a plurality of openings on light paths of the light transmitted by the microlenses of the microlens substrate; and a plurality of light diffusion portions for diffusing the light transmitted by each microlens of the microlens substrate. Each microlens of the microlens substrate is designed so that the light transmitting each microlens is focused on the side of the light emission face of the microlens substrate beyond the black matrix. Further, each light diffusion portion is formed into a protrusion that protrudes from the surface of the black matrix.

Abstract: An image projection module within a housing is operative for causing selected pixels in a raster pattern to be illuminated to produce an image on a display screen of VGA quality. The screen is provided with an array of lenslets to reduce speckle noise in the image.

Abstract: A dual display system includes a graphic article providing a first display in a first lighting condition (such as daylight) and a projection system providing a second display in a second lighting condition (such as nighttime). In an exemplary embodiment, the graphic article is a perforated imaged film and the projection system includes a projector and a diffuser screen.

Abstract: Systems and methods that facilitate automatic convergence and geometry alignment in projection systems such as a PTV. The automatic convergence system (ACS) preferably includes a CCD camera mounted inside the PTV and focused on the entire inside of a projection screen Fresnel lens. Alternatively, the ACS may include a deployable reflective sheet, preferably in the form of a roll up screen. In operation, signals from the CCD camera corresponding to test patterns projected onto the Fresnel lens or reflective sheet are analyzed and used to align, center or steer raster patterns to compensate for convergence error at a particular location. In a convergence mode, the video is blanked and then successive monochrome video test patterns are projected on the screen.

Abstract: There is provided a screen, which, with a simple configuration, is capable of effectively utilizing light projected thereon and realizing an even luminance distribution on the screen. This screen has a diffusion layer whose diffusion characteristic expressed as a luminance distribution with respect to a scattering angle of incident light incident at an angle of 0° is varied such that the peak position of the luminance distribution is shifted towards a greater value of scattering angle in the direction of the central portion of the screen the greater the distance from the central portion of the screen is. The present invention also provides an optical film suitable for use in such a screen, and a manufacturing method therefor.

Abstract: The optical system of the invention is comprised of a monolithic microlens array assembly that consists of two groups of microlenses sub-assemblies having different pitches between the adjacent lenses. A ratio between the pitches of sub-assemblies is determined by a predetermined relationship between the parameters of the optical system so that the microlenses of the first sub-assembly create a plurality of individual intermediate images arranged side-by-side in a common intermediate plane that are transferred by the microlenses of the second sub-assembly to the final image plane in the form of a plurality of identical and accurately registered images interposed onto each other. This is achieved due to the aforementioned ratio between the pitches.

Abstract: A light diffusion sheet or film including a plurality of unit lenses formed of a material having a refractive index N1, each unit lens having a trapezoidal cross-section. At least one between lens portion, having a triangular cross-section, positioned between two of the unit lenses. The between lens portion is formed of a material having a refractive index N2 that is less than N1. If ? represents an angle defined by a side of the trapezoidal cross-section and a line normal to a base of the trapezoidal cross-section, then sin(90??)>N2/N1 and N1<1/sin(2?).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus including: a liquid crystal display element having a liquid crystal layer between a couple of substrates; a backlight apparatus arranged at one side of the couple of substrates; a polarizer arranged between the liquid crystal display element and the backlight apparatus; a luminous intensity distribution control element arranged at the other side of the couple of substrates; an analyzer arranged between the liquid crystal display element and the luminous intensity distribution control element, wherein the luminous intensity distribution control element comprises a transparent base member, a plural lenses arranged on the transparent base member, and a light absorbing layer having small opening portions substantially at focal positions of an individual lens of the plural lenses, and the transparent base member is constituted of a transparent body substantially optically isotropic or a transparent body having uniaxial optical anisotropy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Fresnel lens sheet capable of successfully avoiding the “collapse”, “abrasion” and “moire” problems. A Fresnel lens sheet constitutes, together with a lenticular lens sheet, a rear projection screen, which is mounted in the frame of a rear projection type display. The Fresnel lens sheet includes, on one surface of its substrate, a Fresnel lens part containing a plurality of lenses concentrically formed on one plane. The apexes of the lenses situated in the area between the center and the outer edge of the Fresnel lens part are flattened to give flat faces, and the widths of the flat faces of the lenses on the outer edge side are made greater than the widths of the flat faces of the lenses on the center side. The widths of the flat faces of the lenses are from 0 to 30 ?m.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a display having an image display surface which displays a two-dimensional image of an object including a three-dimensional object, and an image transmitting panel spaced apart from the image display surface for creating an imaging plane displaying a real image of the two-dimensional image in a space opposite to the display. The image transmitting panel and the imaging plane are non-parallel with each other.