Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments related to luminescence-based reflective display pixels. In one embodiment, among others, a luminescent-based pixel includes a luminescent layer including luminophores distributed in a matrix. The luminescent layer is configured to receive light from an ambient environment through a first side of the luminescent layer and has an index of refraction that is higher than an index of refraction of the ambient environment. The luminescent-based pixel includes a mirror disposed on a second side of the luminescent layer that is opposite the first side of the luminescent layer. The luminescent-based pixel also includes a diffusive surface to randomize the direction of incident light.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a sunlight collection system has an upper portion with prismatic elements and a lower cylindrical portion extending from the periphery of the upper portion down to terminate in an open lower end through which light can pass. In certain embodiments, a prism ring is positioned within the cylindrical portion and is configured to refract sunlight entering the sunlight collection system.

Abstract: A compound optical film comprises an unitary two-layer structure consisting of a light guide layer and a light reflective layer attached on the light guide layer. A plurality of light scattering particles are dispersed in the light guide layer adjacent to an interface between the light guide layer and the light reflective layer. The compound optical film can reduce the thickness of backlight module while the compound optical film is used in backlight module. The present art also relates to a manufacturing method for the compound optical film.

Abstract: In a coherent light projection system including an image forming system, a relay system, a speckle reduction element, and a projection subsystem, the relay system can have a first f-number, and the projection subsystem can have a second f-number less than the first f-number. The relay system can have a first working distance, and the projection subsystem can have a second working distance less than the first working distance. The image forming system can project an initial image having a first size, and an intermediate image can have a second size greater than or equal to the first size. The speckle reduction element can have a curved surface through which the intermediate image is transferred. The speckle reduction element can include a lenslet arrangement formed on a surface thereof. The speckle reduction element can be moved in a direction parallel to an optical axis of the speckle reduction element.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic LED element having the significantly larger light emission area than conventional ones. The invention relates to an organic LED element, comprising: a transparent substrate; a light scattering layer; a transparent first electrode; an organic light-emitting layer; and a second electrode formed in this order, wherein the light scattering layer has a base material comprising a glass, and a plurality of scattering materials dispersed in the base material; the light scattering layer has side surfaces, and each of the side surfaces has a surface tilted at an angle larger than right angle from an upper surface on the first electrode side toward a bottom surface on the transparent substrate side; and the first electrode is placed so as to continuously cover the side surfaces.

Abstract: A light guide plate for use in a backlight module of a touch panel is disclosed. The light guide plate includes a transparent plate, and first and second adhesive layers disposed on two opposite surfaces of the transparent plate respectively. A plurality of refractive regions are spacedly arranged on at least one of the two opposite surfaces of the transparent plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly efficient light-extraction layer and an organic electroluminescence element excellent in light-extraction efficiency. The light-extraction layer of the present invention comprises a reflecting layer and a three-dimensional diffraction layer formed thereon. The diffraction layer comprises fine particles having a variation coefficient of the particle diameter of 10% or less and of a matrix having a refractive index different from that of the fine particles. The particles have a volume fraction of 50% or more based on the volume of the diffraction layer. The particles are arranged to form first areas having short-distance periodicity, and the first areas are disposed and adjacent to each other in random directions to form second areas. The organic electroluminescence element of the present invention comprises the above light-extraction layer.

Abstract: An optical film has multi-coated layers. Diffusion layers are used to scatter light. Each diffusion layer has an interface microstructure. A condensing optical layer is used to concentrating light. A design of a multi-coating technology is thus used for scattering and concentrating light. By integrating scattering and concentrating materials in a single optical film, cost is effectively reduced. By using diffusion layers having interface microstructures, interface-dominating mechanism, not only hybrid optical performance with luminance and haze is effectively enhanced; but also quality variations owing to particles added or film warp and scoring on the beneath optical film owing to particles coated are reduced.

Abstract: A method of modifying light is disclosed and includes: providing an optical element having an oriented polymer network of a silicone(meth)acrylate copolymer and exhibiting a first phase and a second phase, the first phase and the second phase being chemically connected and having different refractive indices, the first phase being continuous, and the second phase comprising a plurality of structures dispersed within the first phase; illuminating the optical element with light from a light source; and detecting polarized or directionally diffused light transmitted by the optical element. Optical elements including the polymer network and a variety of additional layers are also disclosed, as are optical devices such as prisms, display panels, lenses, and the like.

Abstract: A film includes a cured resin layer (A) of a curable composition containing an active energy ray curable compound and a microparticle dispersed therein and a cured resin layer (B) of a curable composition containing an active energy ray curable compound and a microparticle dispersed therein laminated in order on at least one surface of a light-transmitting substrate film, wherein the total film thickness of layer (A) and layer (B) is 1 to 10 ?m, a microparticle (a) having an average particle size of 0.5 to 10 ?m is compounded in layer (A) in an amount of 0.5 to 60 parts by mass to 100 parts by mass of an active energy ray curable compound, and a microparticle (b) having an average particle size which is less than an average particle size of the microparticle (a) is compounded in layer (B).

Abstract: Disclosed is a luminance enhancement film which is suitable for use in a display and includes a multilayered thin film and a uniaxially drawn film formed on one surface of the multilayered thin film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a luminance-enhanced film used for displays. The present invention provides a luminance enhancement film including a multilayer thin film, which can ensure the reliability to external environmental changes, such as temperature change and the like, and a backlight unit including the luminance enhancement film.

Abstract: An optical sheet package is disclosed. The optical sheet package includes an optical sheet including an unstructured surface, and a first protective film at a location corresponding to the unstructured surface. The unstructured surface is attached to the first protective film, and a force between the unstructured surface and the first protective film is an electrostatic attraction.

Abstract: In a method for making an antiglare film including the casting, the releasing, the drying, the applying and the curing as defined herein, the transparent particles have an average primary particle size of greater than 2.5 ?m and not greater than 12 ?m, the transparent base has on at least one side thereof flat portions substantially parallel to a film-forming plane and rounded protrusions arising from the transparent particles, the protrusions having a maximum height Rt from the flat portions of from 1 to 15 ?m, and the cured layer has an average thickness of from 1 to 15.0 ?m and a surface profile with an arithmetic average roughness Ra, a mean spacing between peaks Sm, and an average slope ?a, all as measured in accordance with JIS B0601, satisfying the relationships (1) to (3) as defined herein.

Abstract: An anti-reflection structure body comprises a base member which is made of glassy carbon and at a surface of which is formed an anti-reflection structure including a cluster of minute projections each having a diameter that contracts towards a tip thereof. The minute projections preferably have an average height of from 200 nm to 3000 nm and an average maximum diameter of from 50 nm to 300 nm, and an average pitch of from 50 nm to 300 nm. An anti-reflection structure body which is easily produced, capable of achieving an anti-reflection effect near to non-reflection, and capable of providing the minute structure even to a member having a high melting point such as quartz glass or the like by transfer or the like can be provided.

Abstract: A diffuse reflector of radiation in the near and mid infrared regions includes (i) an assembly that has a reflecting element and a diffusing element that is made of one or more layers of calcium fluoride, sapphire, or alumina; or (ii) a diffusively reflective surface configured as a metallic layer with a rough surface. The diffuse reflector can be incorporated into systems for measuring properties of sheet materials and particularly into optical sensors that include a measurement window configured with one or more of the diffuse reflectors that cause incident radiation from a sensor light source to be diffused and reflected a plurality of times within a layer of material before being detected by the sensor receiver.

Abstract: A photon-alignment optical film includes a film substrate on which at least one layer of core/shell nanoparticles is coated. The core/shell nanoparticle layer includes a plastic substance, which is photo curable or heat curable, and a plurality of core/shell nanoparticles, which is uniformly distributed in the plastic substance. Light energy is used as a driving force to induce electrical potential of the same polarity on the surfaces of the core/shell nanoparticles to make the core/shell nanoparticles rearranged in the form of a matrix due to repulsion induced between like electrical polarity. Spacing between the particles, which is relatively constant, allows light to pass therethrough. The plastic substance is cured by light or heat to have the core/shell nanoparticles set in position to thereby form the optical film. Such an optical film features both diffusion and brightness enhancement.

Abstract: A light-transmitting substrate has an uneven profile on at least one surface thereof, the light-transmitting substrate contains a thermoplastic resin and a flat translucent particle; a tilt angle of the uneven profile on at least one surface of the light-transmitting substrate has the following distribution: (a) an integral value of frequencies of from 0° to less than 1.0° is from 0% to less than 25%, (b) an integral value of frequencies of from 1.0° to less than 10° is from 60% to less than 100%, and (c) an integral value of frequencies of 10° or more is from 0% to less than 25%, and an average distance between trough and crest in the uneven profile is from 10 to 300 ?m.

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus includes an image pickup optical system and an image pickup unit configured to receive an image formed by the image pickup optical system. The image pickup optical system includes an optical element having optical incident and optical emergent surfaces disposed between an aperture stop and an object and a fine textured structure having a mean pitch shorter than a wavelength of visible light and formed on at least one of the optical incident and optical emergent surfaces. The conditions 3.5<RA/R0 and 60°<2? are satisfied, where RA is an effective diameter of the optical surface having the fine textured structure, R0 is a diameter determined by a height when light rays forming an image on an optical axis pass through the optical surface having the fine textured structure, and 2? is an angle of view in image taking limited by a size of the image pickup unit.

Abstract: An anti-glare film is provided and includes micro concave/convex portions on a surface. An average interval between the micro concave and convex portions is equal to 300 ?m or less. A differentiation with respect to angle d{Log(I(?))}/d? of a logarithm intensity of reflection Log(I(?)) in a direction of a deviation angle ? from a direction of specular reflection has an extreme value. A differentiation d{Log(P(?)}/d? of a histogram P(?) to an inclination angle ? of the micro concave/convex portions has an extreme value. In the anti-glare film 1, a value C(2.0) of transmitted image clarity measured by using an optical comb of a comb width of 2 mm in accordance with JIS-K7105 is equal to 30% or more, and a ratio C(0.125)/C(2.0) of the value C(2.0) measured by using the optical comb of the comb width of 2 mm and a value C(0.125) measured by using an optical comb having a comb width of 0.125 mm is equal to 0.1 or more.

Abstract: An optical film includes, in the following order, a support; an antiglare layer having an uneven surface; a high refractive index layer; and a low refractive index layer, wherein an arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the optical film is: 0.03 ?m<Ra<0.4 ?m, an average distance of unevenness (Sm) of the optical film is: 80 ?m<Sm<700 ?m, a region of 0°<?<0.5° (?(0.5)) of the optical film, where ? is a tilting angle of the unevenness, accounts for 40% or more, and an integral reflectance of the optical film is 1.5% or less.

Abstract: A method for producing a light scattering film is provided and includes: casting onto a support a dope containing at least a thermoplastic resin and light transmitting particles to provide a casted film, and peeling and drying the casted film to prepare a light transmitting base material; applying an coating solution containing at least a curable compound, a polymerization initiator, and a solvent onto the light transmitting base material and drying the solvent; and curing the curable compound to form a cured layer. At least one surface of the light transmitting base material has an asperity shape, the light transmitting particles have an average primary particle size greater than 2.5 ?m but not greater than 12 ?m, the cured layer has an average thickness of 0.1 ?m or greater but not greater than 10.0 ?m, and the cured layer satisfies the specific formulae.

Abstract: A transparent glass substrate having an antiglare surface that minimizes sparkle. The antiglare surface has a roughened portion that surface that has a RMS amplitude of at least amplitude of at least about 80 nm. The antiglare surface may also include a portion that is unroughened, or flat. The fraction of the antiglare surface that is roughened is at least about 0.9, and the fraction of the surface that is unroughened is less than about 0.10. The antiglare surface has a pixel power deviation of less than about 7%.

Abstract: Light redirecting film including a thin optically transparent substrate having a pattern of individual optical elements of well-defined shape on at least one surface that are quite small relative to the length and width of the surface. At least some of the optical elements have at least one flat surface and at least one curved surface, and intersecting each other over an intersection volume of the intersecting optical elements.

Abstract: An optical film, is provided, the optical film including: a support; and at least one antiglare layer having a surface that has asperities, wherein the at least one antiglare layer contains at least one kind of light transmitting particles including first light transmitting particles in an amount of 0.01 to 1 mass % based on a total solid content in the antiglare layer, the first light transmitting particles have an average particle size that is 0.1 to 4.0 ?m greater than an average thickness of the antiglare layer, and a region ?(0.5) in which slope angles ? of the asperities of the surface of the antiglare layer lie within a range of 0°<?<0.5° constitutes 40% to 98% of the surface of the antiglare layer.

Abstract: An optical plate having improved light scattering power, a method of manufacturing the same and a liquid crystal display having the same. An optical plate includes a base material layer, and a lens portion having a plurality of unit lenses formed on one surface of the base material layer, each of the unit lenses having a convex shape, wherein a diffusion portion is formed in each of the unit lenses. The amount and cost of the light diffusing agent can be reduced, light transmittance can be improved, light uniformity can be enhanced without occurrence of bright lines, and intensity of light to be viewed is improved, thereby enhancing luminance.

Abstract: A backlight module includes a lighting unit and a brightness enhancement sheet. The brightness enhancement sheet is disposed beside the lighting unit. The brightness enhancement sheet includes a light-transmissive substrate, a plurality of lenses, a reflective layer, and a diffusion layer. The light-transmissive substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The first surface is located between the second surface and the lighting unit. The lenses are disposed on the first surface. The reflective layer is disposed on the second surface. The reflective layer has a plurality of light-transmissive openings respectively located on the optical axes of the lenses. The diffusion layer is disposed on the reflective layer and covers the light-transmissive openings. The reflective layer is disposed between the diffusion layer and the second surface. A liquid crystal display apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A diffusing film may have a microlens pattern and an embossed pattern on the surface thereof. The diffusing film includes a light entrance plane for receiving incident light, a light exit plane opposite the light entrance plane, the light exit plane for transmitting light, a plurality of microlenses on a surface of the light exit plane of the diffusing film, microlenses of the plurality of microlenses being spaced apart from one another, and a separation plane between the plurality of microlenses, the separation plane having an embossed pattern on a surface thereof.

Abstract: A diffuser-integrated prism sheet is provided, in which diffuser layers are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the prism sheet and prism-shaped protrusions are formed in the prism sheet. The prism sheet for backlight units includes a lower diffuser layer having a light diffusion structure, a lower layer formed on the lower diffuser layer, a first intermediate layer formed on the lower layer and having prism-shaped protrusions formed parallel to each other, a second intermediate layer formed on the first intermediate layer, an upper layer formed on the second intermediate layer, and an upper diffuser layer formed on the upper layer and having a light diffusion structure, wherein an air layer is formed between the lower surface of the second intermediate layer and the valleys of the prism-shaped protrusions of the first intermediate layer. Also, a method of manufacturing the diffuser-integrated prism sheet is provided.

Abstract: A control device is described that has a controller, an optical diffuser and a lens assembly. In use, the optical diffuser is positioned in front of an electronic display and the lens assembly projects an image displayed on the electronic display onto the optical diffuser. Also, a keyboard and/or control panel having one and/or more of the control devices is presented.

Abstract: An optical film is provided. According to an embodiment, the optical film may include a base material layer, a first layer disposed on the base material layer and having a first oxide and at least one bead, and a second layer disposed on the first layer and having a second oxide and a mineral pigment.

Abstract: A light-diffusion sheet (1) includes a light diffusing section (2) which is provided on a substrate (6) and has a plurality of recessed parts (5) each of which has a v-shaped cross section. A light blocking section (3) is provided in each of the plurality of recessed parts (5), and a reflecting section (4) made of mesoporous silica (8) is provided so as to close a gap between the light blocking section (3) and the each of the plurality of recessed parts (5). The mesoporous silica (8) causes the reflecting section (4) to have a low refractive index. This causes a difference in refractive index between the reflecting section (4) and the light diffusing section (2), so that entrance light having entered the light-diffusion sheet (1) can be totally reflected with great efficiency. Further, since it is unnecessary to use an expensive high refractive index material for the light diffusing section (2), the light-diffusion sheet (1) can be manufactured at a reduced manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A diffuser-integrated prism sheet is provided, in which diffuser layers are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the prism sheet and prism-shaped protrusions are formed in the prism sheet. The prism sheet for backlight units includes a lower diffuser layer having a light diffusion structure, a lower layer formed on the lower diffuser layer, a first intermediate layer formed on the lower layer and having prism-shaped protrusions formed parallel to each other, a second intermediate layer formed on the first intermediate layer, an upper layer formed on the second intermediate layer, and an upper diffuser layer formed on the upper layer and having a light diffusion structure, wherein an air layer is formed between the lower surface of the second intermediate layer and the valleys of the prism-shaped protrusions of the first intermediate layer. Also, a method of manufacturing the diffuser-integrated prism sheet is provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a diffuser film with controlled light collimation comprises: a plastic layer having a first side and a second side, the first side having a first textured surface, wherein 20 to 50 percent of slope angles on the first textured surface proximate a first axis have a value of zero to five degrees. In one embodiment, a back lighted device, comprises: a light source, a light guide disposed proximate the light source for receiving light from the light source, and the diffuser film. In one embodiment, a method of controlling collimation in a diffusing film, comprises: determining a desired degree of collimation of the diffusing film; and texturing a plastic layer to form a first textured surface, wherein 20 to 50 percent of slope angles on the first textured surface proximate a first axis have a value of zero to five degrees.

Abstract: A light diffusion sheet (1) includes a lower base film (2), an upper base film (3), a light diffusing section (4), a plurality of light absorbing sections (5), and an adhesive layer (6). The light diffusing section (4), the plurality of light absorbing sections (5), and the adhesive layer (6) are provided between the lower base film (2) and the upper base film (3). Specifically, the light diffusing section (4) is provided on the lower base film (2). The light diffusing section (4) has formed a plurality of concave parts (8) therein. The upper base film (3) is provided on the light diffusing section (4). The plurality of light absorbing sections (5) fit in the plurality of respective concave parts (8) via respective gaps.

Abstract: Spectral modification devices and methods are described. For example, an apparatus for spectral modification of incident radiation includes a substrate and Raman shifting material embedded in or on the substrate, the Raman shifting material selected based on a desired optical or electrical performance of a light absorbing structure.

Abstract: A layered dimmer formed of different layers. The front layer may be a scattering layer, and the back layer may be a reflective layer. The light beam is scattered prior to reflecting, to avoid reflection back to form hotspots.

Abstract: A diffuser incorporates diffuser elements (10) that each include a waveguide (12) coupled between a concentrator (14) and an inverse concentrator (16). The diffuser (44) may be disposed between a backlight (102) and a modulator (114) in a display (100). Luminance ratios of light rays emitted by a low resolution image-forming backlight (102) toward a high resolution light modulator (114) may be preserved such that, for viewing directions within the display's preferred angular viewing range, an observer perceives no significant change in the luminance of displayed images, irrespective of changes in the observer's viewing direction.

Abstract: An electrically adjustable optical diffusion panel for use in film or video production having a frame, diffusion material affixed to the frame, where the transparency of the material is continuously and variably changeable between a substantially transparent state and a substantially opaque state in response to an electric potential applied to electrodes of the material and a controller and battery. The electrically adjustable diffusion panel eliminates the need for manually changing diffusion papers or other filters and provides a continuous range of selectable levels of transparency/diffusion.

Abstract: A light diffusing sheet can include a diffusion layer. The diffusion layer has a surface profile that satisfies certain conditions.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a refractive index distribution structure having a plurality of microparticles, suppressing density unevenness between the plurality of microparticles, capable of obtaining uniform in-plane characteristics, and capable of maintaining stability and high reproducibility. The method of manufacturing a refractive index distribution structure includes manufacturing a plurality of core-shell microparticles including a shell and a core microparticle contained in the shell, the core microparticle being made of a material having a refractive index higher than the material forming the shell and having the same core diameter, and the shell having a different shell thickness; and forming a refractive index distribution structure by arranging the plurality of core-shell microparticles on a substrate.

Abstract: A light diffusing sheet can include a diffusion layer. The diffusion layer has a surface profile that satisfies certain conditions.

Abstract: A display capable of obtaining high luminance in white display and an electronic unit are provided. The display includes: a reflective display panel; and an optical laminate disposed on the display panel, in which the optical laminate includes a plurality of anisotropic scattering films, and transmittances in a scattering central axis direction of two or more films of the plurality of anisotropic scattering films are different from each other.

Abstract: An optical sheet comprising: a transparent substrate having a first surface S1 and a second surface S2; a first light diffusion layer provided on a first surface S1 side of the transparent substrate; and a second light diffusion layer provided on a second surface S2 side of the transparent substrate, wherein a haze x1 (%) of the first light diffusion layer and a haze x2 (%) of the second light diffusion layer satisfy f(x1)/(f(x1)+f(x2))? (where when x?88, a function f(x)=1.9×(1n(1?x/90))2, and when x>88, the function f(x)=22.5x?1952.5) and (f(x1)+f(x2))?12; and a surface light source device having the same.

Abstract: An optical system includes an optical element formed of resin. On at least one of optical surfaces on the light incidence side of the optical element formed of resin, a plurality of depressions or protrusions of a size not larger than the wavelengths of visible light is formed without a periodic structure or in a random arrangement.

Abstract: An optical system includes an optical element that has a surface on which a plurality of sub-wavelength structure bodies are formed; and an imaging device that has an imaging region which senses light via the optical element, wherein the surface of the optical element has one or two or more sections that scatter incident light and generate scattered light, and wherein a sum total of components of the scattered light reaching the imaging region is smaller than a sum total of components thereof reaching regions other than the imaging region.

Abstract: Immersion objective arrangement including an objective, an immersion medium and an optical scattering disk, and associated method. The optical scattering disk includes a transparent substrate (1) and a light scattering layer (2) adjoining a surface of the substrate and having light-scattering-active particles (3). The light scattering layer has an embedding medium (4) which is optically denser than air and directly adjoins the facing surface of the substrate without intervening air gaps and by which the light-scattering-active particles are surrounded. Such optical scattering disks may be used, e.g., in apparatuses for wavefront measurement of high-aperture microlithography projection objectives employing lateral shearing interferometry.

Abstract: A light extraction film having nanoparticles with engineered periodic structures. The light extraction film includes a substantially transparent substrate, low index one-dimensional or two-dimensional periodic structures on the substrate, and a high index planarizing backfill layer applied over the periodic structures. Light scattering nanoparticles are either applied in a layer over the periodic structures or included in the backfill layer.

Abstract: The light diffusion member includes a light diffusing body and a light diffusing layer. The light diffusing body includes a polymer mixture obtained by uniformly blending a first polymer having a first glass transition temperature and a second polymer having a second transition temperature higher than the first transition temperature. Alternatively, the light diffusing body includes a copolymer prepared from the first and the second polymer. The light diffusing body diffuses an incident light through a light exiting surface. The light diffusing layer is formed on the light exiting surface of the light diffusing body and includes a binder resin having beads. A back light assembly including the light diffusion member and a liquid crystal display device including the light diffusion member exhibit an improved luminance and an improved light diffusing efficiency.

Abstract: A microstructure diffuser includes a light-entering surface, a light-emitting surface, and a plurality of microstructure portions having a first microstructure unit and a second microstructure unit. The first microstructure unit includes a first side surface, a second side surface, a top surface, a first pitch (P1), a second pitch (P2), and a height (H). The second microstructure unit has a curve function shape and is located at the light-emitting surface. The first side surface and the second side surface of the first microstructure unit receive the light beam of the light source to form a first optical path. The top surface of the first microstructure unit receives the light beam of the light source to form a second optical path. The second microstructure unit receives the light beam of the light source to form a third optical path.