Abstract: A method for presenting an image on a display device (100) includes modifying the image by applying a geometric transformation to the image so that an area of the image on the display device is presented to a viewer with higher density of pixels than that in the rest of the image (S18).

Abstract: An objective lens for an endoscope consists of a negative front group, an aperture stop, and a positive rear group that are arranged in this order from an object side. The front group includes only a negative first lens as a lens. The rear group includes only four lenses that consist of a positive second lens, a positive third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens arranged in this order from the object side, as lenses. The fourth lens and the fifth lens have refractive power having signs different from each other and are cemented to each other. Conditional expression determined in advance about the focal lengths of the second lens and the rear group is satisfied.

Abstract: An objective lens for an endoscope has an object-side lens element including a plane-convex rod lens and an image-side lens element including a biconvex lens arranged at the image-side end of the objective lens. The object-side lens element includes a plane-convex first lens and a biconcave second lens which form a front lens and are arranged in this order on the object side of the plane-convex rod lens forming a third lens. As viewed from the object side, the image-side lens element includes a biconvex fourth lens, a concave-plane fifth lens and a biconcave sixth lens which are arranged in this order on the object side of the biconvex lens that is arranged at the image-side end of the objective lens and forms a seventh lens.

Abstract: An optical system includes a first lens unit having positive refractive power, and a second lens unit. The first lens unit includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a positive lens, a positive lens, a positive lens, a negative meniscus lens having a concave surface on the image side, a diaphragm SP, and at least one lens. The second lens unit includes a positive lens and a negative lens. At the time of focusing from infinity to close range, the first lens unit moves to the object side to change a distance on the optical axis between the first lens unit and the second lens unit. The optical system satisfies predetermined conditional expressions.

Abstract: An optical system for a shallow form factor camera module comprises: seven even aspheric singlet lens elements formed of a molded plastics material, a flat image sensor, and a central aperture stop with at least 3 lens elements disposed in front of the aperture stop and at least 3 rear lens elements disposed between the aperture stop and the image sensor. The aperture stop has a pupil wide enough to provide at least f/1.0 aperture and the optical system has a total track length less than about 8.2 mm and a minimum spacing of about 0.6 mm between a surface of the rearmost lens element and an imaging plane of said image sensor. A magnitude of an aspheric coefficient for h4 of at least one surface of each of said rear lens elements is greater than 5×10?2.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide an optical element having a high or large refractive index. The optical element is able to maintain its beam shaping function or output when it is immersed in air or water. Accordingly, the optical element may be used for a variety of different devices or applications, including optical telecommunication devices, cameras, tablets, computers, mobile telephones, and optical sensors, that may be immersed in multiple environments, such as air or water.

Abstract: The lens arrangement has at least two lenses, wherein a first lens may be used for autofocus and optical image stabilization. The first lens is tilted to compensate for the shaking movement of the hand-held device and to stabilize the image to be captured on the image plane. The tilt action may occur in two degrees of freedom, wherein an actuator causes the first lens to tilt around a pivot. A second lens is a field flattener lens that compensates for the error caused by the difference between the image plane and the focus plane. The field flattener lens causes the focal plane of the first lens to lie in the image plane when the first lens is in a tilted position.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus designed for the 360 degree videography/photography/virtual reality market, comprising an annular light emitter which distributes even light in a 360 degree pattern supporting all camera viewpoints yet avoids lens flares and is invisible to the camera lenses by way of a disk shielding the camera from the annular light emitter. The slope of the annular light emitter allows light to distribute upwards, downwards and outward while masking light from the camera lenses. The apparatus is capable of supplying continuous light or may be used as a photo flash.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus is applied in air or in a non-air medium and includes a lens assembly, an image sensor and a removable cover lens. The lens assembly includes at least one lens element. The image sensor is disposed on an image surface of the lens assembly. When the image capturing apparatus is applied in the non-air medium, the removable cover lens, the lens assembly and the image sensor are disposed along an optical axis in order from an object side to an image side.

Abstract: Provided is a lens optical unit, including at least one lens arranged at an object side of a solid-state image sensor. An imaging plane of the image sensor has a non-planar shape causing a sag amount in an optical axis direction to increase as a distance from an optical axis increases, and satisfies the expression: ?×Sag>0, where ? represents a Petzval curvature of an optical unit represented by ? ? : ? ? = ? k ? 1 r k · ( 1 n k ? - 1 n k ) , rk represents a curvature radius of a kth lens surface from the object side, nk represents a refractive index of a medium before being incident to the kth lens surface from the object side, n?k represents a refractive index of a medium after being emitted from the kth lens surface from the object side, and Sag represents a sag amount in the optical axis direction related to a given point other than the optical axis on the imaging plane.

Abstract: A wide field angle camera module that incorporates field curvature correction suitable for an electronic device is described herein. By way of example, the wide field angle camera module comprises micro optical lenses adapted to capture field angles of greater than thirty degrees, and is further adapted to provide field curvature correction for a range of object distances, and for a range of zoom configurations include 1×, 2× and 3× zoom configurations. Furthermore, the field correction can be implemented alone or in conjunction with signal processing that corrects barrel distortion introduced by the micro optical lenses. In particular aspects, the field correction can be automated based on image quality analysis to provide a high quality image for object distances substantially 30 centimeters or larger.

Abstract: A projection lens of an imaging module and the imaging module are provided. The imaging module further has a light modulator to project a first image with a first aspect ratio. The projection lens comprises an anamorphic lens set and a projection lens set. The anamorphic lens set comprises a first cylinder lens, a second cylinder lens, a bi-convex cylinder lens and a bi-concave cylinder lens, which are set after the light modulator in sequence. The first cylinder lens has at least one flat surface, and the second cylinder lens has at least one convex surface. The anamorphic lens set projects the first image with the first aspect ratio into a second image with a second aspect ratio; the second aspect ratio is different from the first aspect ratio. The projection lens set receives and projects the second image with the second aspect ratio.

Abstract: Provided is an imaging apparatus, including: an imaging optical system including a plurality of lenses; and an image plane which is disposed on an image side of the imaging optical system and is curved so that a concave surface thereof faces an object side of the imaging optical system. The imaging optical system includes an aperture stop. In the imaging optical system, a lens closer to the object side than the aperture stop and a lens closer to the image side than the aperture stop have different positive powers. A focal length of the imaging optical system is substantially equal to a distance from an exit pupil of the imaging optical system to the image plane. A radius of curvature of the image plane is substantially equal to the focal length of the imaging optical system.

Abstract: An optical image lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element and a fifth lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has a convex object-side surface and a convex image-side surface. The second lens element with refractive power has a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface. The third lens element with refractive power has two surfaces being aspheric. The fourth lens element with positive refractive power has a convex image-side surface, wherein the surfaces of the fourth lens element are aspheric. The fifth lens element with negative refractive power has a concave image-side surface, wherein the surfaces of the fifth lens element are aspheric, and the fifth lens element has inflection points on at least one of the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: Systems and methods include imaging optics having one or more optical elements for modifying a wavefront of electromagnetic energy incident thereon. The wavefront, modified by the optical elements, exhibits a non-monotonic wavefront phase profile. The imaging optics are characterized by a modulation transfer function that is substantially invariant over a range of misfocus. The system optionally includes a detector for receiving the electromagnetic energy from the imaging optics. A method of maintaining modulation transfer invariance over a range of misfocus in an optical imaging system includes modifying a wavefront of electromagnetic energy incident to the optical imaging system such that the wavefront exhibits a non-monotonic wavefront phase profile and a substantially invariant modulation transfer function over the range of misfocus.

Abstract: Provided is a lens optical unit, including at least one lens arranged at an object side of a solid-state image sensor. An imaging plane of the image sensor has a non-planar shape causing a sag amount in an optical axis direction to increase as a distance from an optical axis increases, and satisfies the expression: ?×Sag>0, where ? represents a Petzval curvature of an optical unit represented by ?: ? = ? k ? ? 1 r k · ( 1 n k ? - 1 n k ) , rk represents a curvature radius of a kth lens surface from the object side, nk represents a refractive index of a medium before being incident to the kth lens surface from the object side, n?k represents a refractive index of a medium after being emitted from the kth lens surface from the object side, and Sag represents a sag amount in the optical axis direction related to a given point other than the optical axis on the imaging plane.

Abstract: The window substantially has the shape of a dome. The optical observation device includes means of optical conjugation of the observed field with a plane of observation and means for relatively orienting the observation plane with respect to said field. Optical correction means are provided so as to correct aberration defects. According to the device, system, and method, said optical correction means are arranged between said windows and said relative orientation means in such a way that said optical correction means form an optical system with said window, which is at least substantially afocal.

Abstract: An LED unit includes a printed circuit board, an LED mounted on the printed circuit board, and a lens covering the LED and fixed on the printed circuit board. The lens includes a pedestal and an optical element connected to the pedestal. The lens has a light-incident face formed in an interior thereof for receiving light emitted from the LED into the lens, and a light-emergent face formed on an outside thereof for refracting the light out of the lens. The optical element has two opposite sides longer than the other two opposite sides thereof so that the light pattern modulated by the optical element has two opposite ends wider than a middle thereof.

Abstract: An image display system for displaying a planar image on a curved viewing surface, such as a theater dome, with minimized image distortion. In order to display the image, a virtual surface, which is a representation of the curved viewing surface, is textured with the image using an angular distribution to thereby form a textured virtual image. The textured virtual image is then displayed onto the curved viewing surface.

Abstract: An objective having a plurality of optical elements arranged to image a pattern from an object field to an image field at an image-side numerical aperture NA>0.8 with electromagnetic radiation from a wavelength band around a wavelength ? includes a number N of dioptric optical elements, each dioptric optical element i made from a transparent material having a normalized optical dispersion ?ni=ni(?0)?ni(?0+1 pm) for a wavelength variation of 1 pm from a wavelength ?0. The objective satisfies the relation ? ? i = 1 N ? ? ? ? n i ? ( s i - d i ) ? ? 0 ? NA 4 ? A for any ray of an axial ray bundle originating from a field point on an optical axis in the object field, where si is a geometrical path length of a ray in an ith dioptric optical element having axial thickness di and the sum extends on all dioptric optical elements of the objective. Where A=0.2 or below, spherochromatism is sufficiently corrected.

Abstract: A wide field angle camera module that incorporates field curvature correction suitable for an electronic device is described herein. By way of example, the wide field angle camera module comprises micro optical lenses adapted to capture field angles of greater than thirty degrees, and is further adapted to provide field curvature correction for a range of object distances, and for a range of zoom configurations include 1×, 2× and 3× zoom configurations. Furthermore, the field correction can be implemented alone or in conjunction with signal processing that corrects barrel distortion introduced by the micro optical lenses. In particular aspects, the field correction can be automated based on image quality analysis to provide a high quality image for object distances substantially 30 centimeters or larger.

Abstract: A wide-angle projection optical system includes a first lens set with positive power, an aperture stop, a second lens set with positive power, a third lens set with negative power, and a negative power reflecting mirror. The first lens set provides optical characteristics to match with a light beam coming from the object side. The second lens set is arranged behind the aperture stop to converge the light beam. The third lens set is configured to diverge the light to enlarge a full field angle. The negative power reflecting mirror is configured to further enlarge the full field angle and correct image distortion. The first lens set, the second lens set, the third lens set and the reflecting mirror have a common optical axis. The optical axis is shifted with respect to a center of a micro display.

Abstract: An objective optical system including an objective optical system having a field angle of 140° or larger and including a front group, an aperture stop, and a positive rear group arranged in that order from an object side. The front group has at least one aspherical surface and includes a negative first lens disposed closest to the object side and satisfying the following conditional expression: 0?r2/r1<0.24, 0.1<|g2/g1|<2.2 and ?1.8<f1/fl<?0.8, where r1 denotes the radius of curvature of the object side of the first lens, r2 denotes the radius of curvature of an image side of the first lens, g1 denotes the focal length of the front group, g2 denotes the focal length of the rear group, f1 denotes a focal length of the first lens, and fl denotes the focal length of the entire system.

Abstract: A fisheye lens system for a driver assistance system in a motor vehicle has a field angle of at least approximately 180°, a lens of the lens system differing from a rotational body in that a usable image of the lens system is essentially rectangular.

Abstract: An anamorphic imaging objective having multiple effective optical surfaces. One of the effective surfaces is implemented as anamorphic and one of the effective surfaces is implemented as a free-form surface, which has an aspheric contour in at least one of the two main sections and which has precisely two planes of mirror symmetry, the main sections lying in the planes of mirror symmetry.

Abstract: When an optical image is formed through an imaging lens on an imaging surface that is convex toward a light incident side, the imaging lens is constructed in such a manner that a defocus MTF peak position at an arbitrary image height in a range of from 70% to 100% of a maximum image height of the optical image is located further in a light-traveling direction than a same kind of defocus MTF peak position on an optical axis of the imaging lens.

Abstract: An optical adaptor is disclosed for use in combination with an optical imaging system. The adaptor is specifically configured so that when it is positioned within the optical path between an object and the imaging system, the adaptor corrects the field curvature of the imaging system so as to produce a substantially flat image of a curved object. The adaptor comprises a primary lens unit of positive power which in use is towards the object and which preferably takes the form of a thick meniscus lens having an overcorrect Petzval Sum, and a secondary lens unit of negative power which in use is towards the imaging system and which preferably takes the form of a relatively thin meniscus lens.

Abstract: A projection objective of a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus comprises a manipulator for reducing rotationally asymmetric image errors. The manipulator in turn contains a lens, an optical element and an interspace formed between the lens and the optical element, which can be filled with a liquid. At least one actuator acting exclusively on the lens is furthermore provided, which can generate a rotationally asymmetric deformation of the lens.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a side illumination lens and a luminescent device using the same, and provides a body, a total reflection surface with a total reflection slope with respect to a central axis of the body, and a linear and/or curved refractive surface(s) formed to extend from a periphery of the total reflection surface; and a luminescent device including the lens. According to the present invention, a lens with total internal reflection surfaces with different slopes, and a linear and/or curved refractive surface(s) allows light emitted forward from a luminescent chip to be guided to a side of the lens. Further, a linear surface(s) formed in a direction perpendicular or parallel to a central axis of a lens and a curved surface are formed on an edge of the lens so that a process of fabricating the lens is facilitated, thereby reducing a defective rate and fabrication costs of the lens.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical system which is adapted to form an image having a full 360° (panoramic)-direction angle of view on an image plane or project an image located on an image plane in a full 360° (panoramic)-direction angle of view, and which is of small-format size and high resolving power yet without being affected by flare light. The optical system comprises a front unit (10) having two reflecting surfaces and two transmitting surfaces, each rotationally symmetric about a center axis (1), a rear unit (20) that is rotationally symmetric about the center axis and has positive power, and an aperture (5) located coaxially with the center axis.

Abstract: A capsule endoscope has an imaging lens system that forms an image of a substantially spherical object in a plane shape on the imaging surface. The imaging lens system includes first to fourth lenses and an aperture diaphragm. The surface shapes and arrangement thereof are set in consideration of a front cover of the capsule endoscope and a cover glass of an imaging device. Further, the imaging lens system is configured so that the following conditional expression is satisfied with respect to an arbitrary half angle of view ?: 0.7<(Y(?+??)?Y(?))/Y(??) where Y(?) denotes an image height for the half angle of view ? of the imaging lens system, and ?? denotes an amount of minute change of the half angle of view (?).

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a curvature distribution crystal lens of the present invention is obtained via press-molding. In the case of a Ge single crystal plate, a temperature for the press-molding is in a range 1° C. to 120° C. lower than a melting point. In the case of a Si single crystal plate, a temperature for the press-molding is in a range 1° C. to 200° C. lower than a melting point. The curvature distribution crystal lens has a crystal lattice plane forming a 1D cylindrically curved surface or a 1D logarithmically curved surface whose valley is in a direction perpendicular to a direction having a maximum curvature, the direction having the maximum curvature being within 30° from a [001] or [1-10] direction in a (110) plane. As a result, it is possible to make an integrated reflection intensity uniform and to make a half-value width uniform in a wide range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a side illumination lens and a luminescent device using the same, and provides a body, a total reflection surface with a total reflection slope with respect to a central axis of the body, and a linear and/or curved refractive surface(s) formed to extend from a periphery of the total reflection surface; and a luminescent device including the lens. According to the present invention, a lens with total internal reflection surfaces with different slopes, and a linear and/or curved refractive surface(s) allows light emitted forward from a luminescent chip to be guided to a side of the lens. Further, a linear surface(s) formed in a direction perpendicular or parallel to a central axis of a lens and a curved surface are formed on an edge of the lens so that a process of fabricating the lens is facilitated, thereby reducing a defective rate and fabrication costs of the lens.

Abstract: A method and apparatus providing a lens master device and use of the same to form a lens template and/or a lens structure. The method includes obtaining a plurality of individual lens masters, each of which has a shaped portion defining at least a portion of a lens structure to be formed. The lens masters are affixed onto a supporting structure to form a lens master device.

Abstract: The present invention provides new projection schemes for wide angle imaging lenses rotationally symmetric about optical axis wherein the field of view of lenses and the size of image sensors are directly reflected without any reference to the effective focal length of the lenses. This invention also provides explicit examples of wide-angle lenses implementing the newly developed projection schemes. According to the present invention, by providing new projection schemes explicitly reflecting the physical quantities of direct interest to the user for industrial applicability, namely, the field of view and the image sensor size, it is possible to realize wide-angle lenses providing the most satisfactory images.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes, in the order from the object side to the image side, a first lens of positive refraction power, a second lens of negative refraction power, a third lens of positive refraction power, and a fourth lens of negative refraction power. The imaging lens satisfies the formulae (1) 1<T/F<1.4; (2) R3/F>4; and (3) S1/S2>3, where T is the overall length of the imaging lens, F is the focal length of the imaging lens, R3 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the second lens, S1 is the vertical distance from the edge to the center of the image-side surface of the third lens, and S2 is the horizontal distance from the edge to the center of the image-side surface of the third lens.

Abstract: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an omni-directional imaging assembly. In the preferred embodiment the assembly of the invention comprises a solid omni-directional lens comprising a vertical axis of symmetry; an upper surface, at least part of which is capable of reflecting rays that arrive from the inner side of the omni-directional lens; a transparent perimeter surface; a lower convex surface, at least part of which is capable of reflecting rays that arrive from the direction of the perimeter surface; and a transparent circular surface maintained in the lower convex surface around the vertical axis of symmetry. The light rays from a first 360 degrees, panoramic, scene are refracted by the transparent perimeter surface, are then reflected by the lower convex surface towards the upper surface, and then reflected by the upper surface towards the transparent circular surface, where they are refracted and exit the omni-directional lens.

Abstract: A capsule endoscope has an imaging lens system 45a that forms an image of a substantially spherical object 40 in a plane shape on the imaging surface. The imaging lens system 45a includes first to fourth lenses L1 to L4 and an aperture diaphragm S7. The surface shapes and arrangement thereof are set in consideration of a front cover 41 of the capsule endoscope and a cover glass 56 of an imaging device. Further, the imaging lens system is configured so that the following conditional expression is satisfied with respect to an arbitrary half angle of view ?: 0.7<(Y(?+??)?Y(?))/Y(??) where Y(?) denotes an image height for the half angle of view ? of the imaging lens system, and ?? denotes an amount of minute change of the half angle of view (?).

Abstract: An image that has been displayed on the display screen of an image generator is first passed through a projection lens section consisting of a front group and a rear group. Next after being reflected on the reflecting surface of a free-form surface mirror, the image is further reflected by a planar reflecting mirror and then obliquely projected from the lower section of a projection screen onto the screen. The front group of the projection lens section is provided for enlarging the image. In order to correct aberration due to oblique projection onto the projection screen, the rear group uses a free-form surface lens that forms a concave shape with respect to the exit side of light from the lens. The free-form surface mirror corrects trapezoidal distortion due to oblique projection onto the projection screen.

Abstract: A catadioptric imaging system combines a rectifying mirror, a lens system and subsequent image processing. This approach can produce a small form factor desktop document imaging system capable of producing high-quality, high-resolution images of paper documents.

Abstract: A small optical pickup of wide spherical aberration correction range is provided.

Abstract: A refractive optical imaging system for imaging an object field arranged in an object surface of the imaging system into an image field arranged in an image surface of the imaging system on a demagnifying imaging scale has a multiplicity of optical elements which are configured and arranged such that a defined finite field curvature of the imaging system is set such that an object surface concavely curved relative to the imaging system is imaged into a flat image surface.

Abstract: An optic element receives an input light beam with a first beam angle and an axis. The optic element includes a first surface that receives the input light beam and generates an expanded light beam with a second beam angle that is greater than or equal to the first beam angle. The optic element includes a second surface that receives the expanded light beam and generates an output light beam that is either substantially collimated or near collimated. The output light beam is tilted a predetermined degrees with respect to the axis of the input light beam.

Abstract: There is provided an image-taking optical system to form an image in a solid-state image pickup element. The image-taking optical system comprises an aperture stop, a positive first lens having a convex surface on an object side, a positive second lens having a convex surface on an image side, and a negative third lens L3 having a concave surface on the image side provided in this order from the object side. In addition, a conditional expression: 0.71<f1/f2<1.1 (f1: focal length of the first lens, and f2: focal length of the second lens) is satisfied.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a sub-millimeter scale curved surface on a substrate (10) includes cutting a plurality of trenches (12) of varying depth into the substrate (10). The depth of the trenches (12) corresponds to a desired surface profile. The substrate (10) is etched to remove material left (16) between the trenches to form the curved surface.

Abstract: Field flatteners that can correct large field curvatures.

Abstract: Photographic wide angle zoom objective of the retrofocus type having a group of negative refractive power (VG?) comprising four lens components (L1, L2, L3, L4) and being a front group when seen from the object side, and having a rear group of positive refractive power (HG+) including six lens components (L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10) and facing an image plane, the distance between the rear group (HG+) and the image plane (BE) being increased, and the distance between the front group (VG?) and image plane (BE) being reduced, during an increase in the focal length, characterized in that the first two lens components (L1, L2) have a negative refractive power when seen from the object side in the light direction, the third and fourth lens components (L3, L4) are grouped into a cemented component with a positive total refractive power and the fifth lens component (L5) has a positive refractive power, the sixth and seventh lens components (L6, L7) are grouped into a cemented component with a positive total refractive p

Abstract: In a scatterometry apparatus having an illumination aperture stop, a field stop is provided at an intermediate image to control the spot size on the substrate. The field stop may be apodized, e.g. having a transmissivity in the form of a trapezium or a Gaussian shape.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring a curvature of a micro-lens in-line is disclosed. According to embodiments, sizes of circles (or circle images) from a top view of a micro-lens are measured and correlated to a change in focus depth of an optical scope. A method in accordance with embodiments can include the steps of: (i) measuring a diameter or area of a circle in the micro-lens when focusing a scope on a top point of the micro-lens; (ii) measuring a diameter or area of one or more second circles in the micro-lens by focusing the scope on one or more points lower than the top point of the micro-lens in stages, each stage correlated to changing a depth of focus of the scope; and (iii) calculating the curvature of the micro-lens with each diameter or area of the measured circles.

Abstract: A variable field of view optical system and method comprising providing a forward curved optical element, providing a rearward optical element comprising an axially gradient index material, providing a curved focal surface, and conveying an image on the curved focal surface to a flat detector surface.