Abstract: An illumination system includes optics capable of adjusting the size of a beam of light and adjusting the focus of the beam of light. Spot size control optics adjusts the overall size of the beam of light and separately adjusts the ellipticity of the beam, primarily in one dimension. Light from the spot size control optics passes to focus control optics that control the overall focus of the beam of light and adjust the astigmatism of the beam by altering the focus position of the beam of light in one dimension. The laser system, the spot size control optics and the focus control optics are within an enclosure. Actuators under remote control from outside of the enclosure adjust both of the spot size control optics and focus control optics in the thermal environment of the illumination system.

Abstract: An optical lens whose focal length is different on first and second planes perpendicular to each other is provided. The optical lens is configured such that a convex element which is formed integrally with a substrate having a flat face and has a convex curved face so as to have a function as an optical lens is shaped such that the curvature on a first cross section including an axis in a focus direction of the optical lens and the curvature on a second cross section perpendicular to the first cross section and intersecting with the first cross section along the axis in the focus direction are different from each other, whereby the focal lengths on the first and second cross sections perpendicular to each other are different from each other. A groove of a substantially elliptical shape or a substantially rectangular shape is formed along the boundary between the substrate and the convex element. The optical lens is used to produce a focus error signal or is incorporated into an optical pickup apparatus.

Abstract: An optical system comprising a first array of individual beam shaping elements and a second array of beam shaping elements placed between a light source, e.g., a linear array of individual laser diodes and a reshaped beam receiver, e.g., an optical fiber cable. The inhomogeneous beams emitted from the laser diodes are passed in sequence through the first and second stages so that the first stage reshaped the cross section of the beam, e.g., in the fast-axis direction and the second stage reshapes the cross section of the beam, e.g., in the slow-axis direction. As a result, the output beams of the system may have a cross section reshaped to any desired configuration, e.g., suitable for inputting into the optical fiber cable and having divergences individually adjusted in mutually perpendicular directions.

Abstract: A pair of prisms arranged in a complementary relationship provides for anamorphic magnification and cooperates with a curved refractive element, the later of which generates an aberration that at least partially compensates an aberration generated by the pair of prisms. Examples of the curved refractive element include, but are not limited to, a cylindrical lens, a curved substrate of optical material, a pair of counter-rotatable cylindrical lenses, a fluid-filled cylindrical lens with variable power incorporating a substrate that is deformed by a clamp mechanism over a fulcrum or curved surface, and at least one curved surface of fixed or variable curvature of the prisms, the later of which may be fluid-filled. In one embodiment, a color image is generated as a composite of images from different image modulators, each modulating a different color, and chromatic aberration is compensated by electronically scaling or shifting images from different image modulators differently.

Abstract: An image reader including a light source irradiating light to a reading object, a reading device reading an image on the reading object based on the radiated light; and a lens focusing the image onto the reading device and having a characteristic by which a distortion rate is increased from the central part to the end part. The distortion rate of the end part is set to a value in which there is no need to complement the read image.

Abstract: There is provided a beam homogenizer which can unify the energy distribution of a linear laser beam in a longitudinal direction. In the beam homogenizer including cylindrical lens groups for dividing a beam, and a cylindrical lens and a cylindrical lens group for condensing the divided beams, the phases, in the longitudinal direction, of linear beams passing through individual cylindrical lenses of the cylindrical lens group for condensing the divided beams are shifted, and then, the beams are synthesized, so that the intensity of interference fringes of the linear beam on a surface to be irradiated is made uniform.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical device for focusing a substantially elliptical laser beam comprising:

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, apparatus and lubricant composition for an adjustable wedge that utilizes the relative positioning of adjacently disposed convex and concave surfaces with equal spherical or cylindrical curvatures contacted together by a thin layer of lubricant.

Abstract: A television receiver (10) that has a spatial light modulator (15) and a projection lens (17a) and that projects images to a screen (18). If the aspect ratio of the image to be displayed does not match that of the spatial light modulator (15), an anamorphic lens (17b) is positioned in the optical path of the image, between the projection lens (17b) and the screen (18). In this case and in typical applications, the spatial light modulator (15) generates an image that is anamorphically squeezed in the horizontal dimension, and the anamorphic lens (17b) widens the image so that the viewer perceives a normal wide-screen image on the screen (18).

Abstract: A corrective lens for copying pages of a book pressed flat upon a document support glass of a xerographic copying machine or document scanner. The corrective lens is shaped to fit in the space between the book pages to be copied and the document glass of the copier. The corrective lens has a pyramidal center extending into the crease of a typical book. The lens extends outwardly from the pyramidal center to form substantially flat side portions that hold the pages of the open book in place.

Abstract: An anastigmatic anamorphic lens, in particular for the projection of Cinemascope films, with a high aperture and an anamorphic factor of greater than 1.7. The anastigmatic anamorphic lens comprises a main objective with considerable positive astigmatism. A main objective which might otherwise be unsuitable for projection because of aberration phenomena, in combination with cylindrical afocal attachments, has its image defects supplemented with the typical aberrations of the attachments in such a way as to achieve an optimum overall result.

Abstract: A beam homogenizer at least includes a first optical lens for dividing a light beam into N(n′−1) beams in a vertical direction, a second optical lens for dividing the light beam into (2n+1) beams in a horizontal direction, a third optical lens for recombining the beams that are divided in the vertical and horizontal directions into (n′−1) beams while superimposing the (n′−1) beams so that they are deviated from each other in the horizontal direction, and a fourth optical lens for recombining the beams that are divided in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A lens system defined along an X-Y-Z coordinate system transforms an elliptical optical beam defined as exhibiting a first, fast axis component and a second, slow axis component, into an essentially circular optical beam. A first and a second lens intercepts the elliptical beam and a cruciform cylindrical lens is disposed to intercept the output from the second lens. The cruciform cylindrical lens has a fast lens and a slow lens, the fast lens having a first, front cylindrical surface oriented along the X axis of the coordinate system for magnifying the first, fast axis component, the slow lens having a second, rear cylindrical surface oriented along the Y-axis of the coordinate system for magnifying the second, slow axis component, wherein the magnifications are determined to provide an essentially circular output beam, the cruciform cylindrical lens disposed such that the optical beam exiting the second lens impinges the first, front cylindrical surface.

Abstract: A structure and method for circularizing and collimating incident light involves a substrate having first and second opposing surfaces, a first anamorphic surface positioned on the first surface and a second anamorphic microlens positioned on the second surface, the first and second surfaces being separated by a distance defined by the distance required for the first anamorphic microlens to circularize the incident light. A single microlens structure used to circularize and collimate incident light is manufactured by identifying aligned portions on opposing surfaces of a substrate, and forming microlenses on each of the aligned portions of the opposing substrate surfaces identified. The microlenses formed on the opposing substrate surfaces are fabricated from a high-index material such as GaP.

Abstract: An anamorphic lens attachment to be used in conjunction with a basic lens. The attachment provides a variable anamorphic ratio. The attachment comprises a first lens group having positive refractive power in a first direction, a second lens group having negative refractive power in the first direction, and a third lens group having positive refractive power in the first direction. The second lens group is movably located between the first lens group and the basic lens. The third lens group is located between the second lens group and the basic lens at a fixed distance from the first lens group. The lens groups of the attachment have neutral refractive power in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: An imaging optical system for a light beam scanning system for causing a light bundle deflected by a deflector to form an image on a predetermined surface to be scanned and causing the image of the light bundle to scan the surface at a constant speed is provided with an anamorphic lens for compensating for tilt of the deflecting surface of the deflector. The imaging optical system satisfies formula0.ltoreq..phi.1/.phi..ltoreq.0.1.vertline.M.vertline.+0.45wherein .phi.1 represents the power of the anamorphic lens in the main scanning direction, .phi. represents the power of the entire imaging optical system in the main scanning direction and M represents the lateral magnification when the deflecting angle by the deflector is 0.

Abstract: In a scanning optical system in which image-surface curvature in the traverse direction is corrected properly without degrading imaging performance in the scanning direction and in which the transverse magnification is approximately uniform irrespective of the deflection angle, the influence of form errors in the imaging lens upon the image is substantially suppressed so as not to degrade the quality of the image. The scanning optical system is provided with a aspherical lens having a refractive power only in the traverse direction and having a TSL shape whose curvature radius increases as the distance in the scanning direction from the center of the lens (the position in which the curvature radius in the traverse direction is smallest) increases. The aspherical lens is disposed in such a way that the line of symmetry that passes through its center is parallel to and at a distance from the optical axis of a first lens unit on the upstream side of a scanning path in the scanning direction.

Abstract: Laser diode/cylindrical microlens assembly including a crossed-pair of passively aligned cylindrical microlenses attached to a substrate on which is mounted a laser diode chip. The microlenses are mounted in an "aplanatic" configuration with their flat surfaces facing the emitting facet of the diode, which arrangement provides for passive alignment and possible automated mounting, but requires no additional lenses for astigmatism correction. The crossed pair of lenses can collimate or focus the laser diode beam, for example focusing into a single mode fiber.

Abstract: An anamorphic attachment lens is disclosed that consists of a single lens element which is afocal, so that light rays which are incident onto a photographic object side of said anamorphic attachment lens exit the photographic image side of said lens substantially parallel to the direction in which they were incident. The attachment lens enables a standing person to be photographed so as to appear either slimmer or fatter than normal, while employing only a single lens element which may be affixed to a camera. Since the attachment lens is afocal it does not affect the focusing of a camera with which it is used. Further, the attachment lens may be rotated 90 degrees about the optical axis in order to easily select whether the image will appear slimmer or fatter than normal. In preferred embodiments, prescribed conditions are satisfied to maintain high image quality and to insure that a predetermined amount of anamorphism is provided.

Abstract: The light source equipment is provided with a light source and an anamorphic single lens. The anamorphic single lens has different refracting powers in the x and y directions orthogonal to each other, and converts a light from the light source to a light beam in a required state. Farther the anamorphic single lens satisfies the following equation :0.3<2.multidot.fy.multidot.tan (.theta.y/2)<0.7fy>fxwhere fx is a focal length in the x direction, fy is a focal length in the y direction, and .theta.y is a half angular divergence of radiant intensity of the light in the y direction.

Abstract: A light strength equalizing device for a light source is provided. The device includes an illuminated area, a light source emitting a light for illuminating along a light path the illuminated area with different light strengths, and a compensating device mounted in the light path for respectively compensating the different light strengths in order to equalize the different light strengths on the illuminated area.

Abstract: A device uses a divergent lens (7) having a concave surface with a central region (12) and a peripheral region (13) of lower curvature than the central region. The light beam (16) crossing the central region is spread over the entire surface of the image frame (10), thereby avoiding a concentration of light in the central portion thereof, and ensuring a more uniform illumination. The device is useful for large size slide projectors using a xenon arc lamp.

Abstract: An anamorphic system and method having first and second reflective anamorphic surfaces producing different magnifications in orthogonal directions in a collimated beam of radiation incident on the first anamorphic surface. The anamorphic surfaces have parabolic cross-sections in the two orthogonal directions. The parabolic cross-sections have base radii of curvatures and the magnifications in the first and second directions are determined by the ratio of the base radii of curvatures in the first and second directions.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved laser beam useful in material surface processing and an apparatus for producing the improved laser beam. The improved laser beam of the present invention comprises a power distribution that is more intense at the outer regions than in the central region. The invention includes an apparatus comprising a power spherical and cylindrical optical elements aligned to focus and/or shape a laser beam into a novel profile useful in material surface processing. The invention further includes a method of using this apparatus to focus and/or shape a laser beam for producing Laser Induced Surface Improvements, hereinafter referred to as "LISI".

Abstract: A beam homogenizer at least includes a first optical lens for dividing a light beam into N(n'-1) beams in a vertical direction, a second optical lens for dividing the light beam into (2n+1) beams in a horizontal direction, a third optical lens for recombining the beams that are divided in the vertical and horizontal directions into (n'-1) beams while superimposing the (n'-1) beams so that they are deviated from each other in the horizontal direction, and a fourth optical lens for recombining the beams that are divided in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A compact optical system for imaging an array of light emitters, particularly an individually addressable laser diodes array, onto a recording surface, whereby the image of each emitting region is spread in the cross direction to a width approximately equal to its length dimension. The system consists of a main non-anamorphic imaging lens assembly and a single cylindrical lens disposed between the array and the imaging lens assembly, with its focal line parallel to the array's centerline. There will occur a spread of the short dimension of the imaged emitting regions due to defocusing at the recording surface. Also, the numerical aperture of the emitted beams in the transverse axis is reduced prior to entry into the imaging lens assembly.

Abstract: A beam projecting apparatus includes a light source that emits a laser beam and a colliminating lens that renders the emitted laser beam a substantially parallel beam. A beam projecting device includes a beam projecting portion from which the laser beam is projected outwardly so that the laser beam has a beam waist located at a predetermined position spaced from the beam projecting apparatus. The beam projecting apparatus further includes a system that detects a curvature of wavefront of the substantially parallel beam at the predetermined position.

Abstract: A system for providing efficient coupling between an elliptical mode laser source and a single mode transmission fiber is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system comprises a cruciform cylindrical lens formed as a pair of perpendicular cylindrical lenses to provide for separate magnification of the "fast" diverging component (i.e., this component passes through a "fast" cylindrical lens) and the "slow" diverging component of the beam (i.e., this component passes through a "slow" cylindrical lens). By decoupling the magnification requirements of the components of the elliptical beam, the beam may be transformed into an essentially circular beam, appropriate for coupling into a single mode fiber. In one arrangement of the present invention, a coupling efficiency of approximately 90% is possible (as compared with prior art coupling efficiency of about 44%).

Abstract: A process is disclosed for correcting wave front deformations caused by an optical system (5). The wave front deformations are measured by means of a wave front measurement instrument. Based on the measurement results, at least two optical components are selected as optical correcting elements (1, 2) from a series of prefabricated optical components, for example cylindrical, with form errors of different types and magnitudes. They are then mutually aligned and brought into the path of the rays of the optical system (5). This process meets high tolerance requirements an may be easily and quickly applied in the course of manufacture of an optical system (5).

Abstract: Multiple element laser diode assembly incorporating a cylindrical microlens and at least one of an astigmatism correcting element and a collimating element. The use of a single purpose cylindrical microlens, for instance for circularizing a beam of laser light output from said diode, in operative combination with at least one additional optical element for correcting astigmatism and for collimating the beam enables the passive mounting of the several optical elements of the assembly without an active alignment step. The cylindrical microlens may incorporate as single powered surface, as may the astigmatism correction element. Alternatively, the astigmatism correction element may comprise a tilted optical plate. The collimating lens may be a spherical lens.

Abstract: A segmented GRIN anamorphic lens and a lens array using such lenses are provided. The lens has an optical axis and is composed of a plurality of segments. The interfaces between the segments are planes or wedges inclined at an angle to the optical axis. At least one segment has a predetermined axial index of refraction profile while the other segment may have either a predetermined homogeneous index of refraction or a predetermined radial index of refraction profile. The planar interface geometry and the index of refraction profiles are chosen to provide lenses with desirable optical properties. Spherical and cylindrical aberrations can be reduced or eliminated by appropriate choice of the index of refraction profile. The front and rear surfaces of the lens assembly can also be ground and polished into spherical shapes which act with the axial gradient interface to yield an anamorphic lens functionality.

Abstract: An optical coupler is provided that comprises a single lens component, comprising two axially-graded index of refraction elements, each having a low refractive index surface and a high refractive index surface and joined along their respective high refractive index surfaces. As configured, the optical coupler is useful as a solar concentrator for concentrating solar radiation onto a solar cell or other solar-receptive medium.

Abstract: An anamorphic lens (11) for use in a display system (10) that has a spatial light modulator (12) and a projection lens (13) and that projects images to a screen (14). The anamorphic lens (11) is placed between the projection lens (13) and the screen (14). The spatial light modulator (12) generates an image that is anamorphically squeezed in the horizontal dimension, and the anamorphic lens (11) widens the image so that the viewer perceives a normal wide-screen image on the screen (14).

Abstract: The present invention is characterized in that when a phototaking lens system forms image information on a image pickup device in which a plurality of light-receiving elements are arranged in a non-square lattice pattern and a signal from the image pickup device is sampled in a square lattice to obtain a two-dimensional digital image, the phototaking lens system forms an image as optically correcting for a distortion of aspect ratio of image caused upon sampling in the square lattice.

Abstract: An optical low pass filter having an optical axis common to an imaging optical system or configured as a portion of an imaging optical system for contribution to formation of an image, functioning to image components in a longitudinal direction of the image pickup device onto a desired imaging location and having refractive powers, for components in different directions, which are different from that for the components in the longitudinal direction. This optical low pass filter is suited for use with line sensors.

Abstract: Laser diode/cylindrical microlens assembly including a crossed-pair of passively aligned cylindrical microlenses attached to a substrate on which is mounted a laser diode chip. The microlenses are mounted in an "aplanatic" configuration with their flat surfaces facing the emitting facet of the diode, which arrangement provides for passive alignment and possible automated mounting, but requires no additional lenses for astigmatism correction. The crossed pair of lenses can collimate or focus the laser diode beam, for example focusing into a single mode fiber.

Abstract: A beam projecting apparatus has a light source and a reflecting device for reflecting and rotating a bundle of light emitted from the light source for forming a reference plane. A shape converting optical system is provided in an optical path from the light source to the reflecting device for converting the bundle of light from an elliptical sectional shape to a circular sectional shape.

Abstract: Light radiated from a light source is gathered by an oval mirror. The gathered light is incident on one end of a rod-shaped optical integrator, integrated and made uniform within the optical integrator, and is radiated from the other end of the optical integrator. The light from the optical integrator is diffused and projected on an exposure area of a display tube by a lens system. The lens system presents an astigmatism, thereby forming a first virtual focus and a second virtual focus on its virtual image area. The diffused light is apparently diffused vertically at the first virtual focus and apparently diffused horizontally at the second virtual focus. The first vertical focus and the second vertical focus correspond respectively in position to the positions of the vertical deflection means and horizontal deflection means of the display tube.

Abstract: A focused laser beam is provided using a multimode laser of a type that generates a diverging beam with an asymmetric cross section. A collimation lens receives and substantially collimates the diverging asymmetric beam. An anamorphic beam expander enlarges a width of the substantially collimated beam in a first, multimode axis without substantially affecting the width of the beam in a second, single mode axis orthogonal to the first axis. Demagnification optics are arranged to receive and demagnify the enlarged width beam to produce a focused spot. The demagnification optics can include a cylindrical lens ("rod lens") having a longitudinal axis and arranged to receive the enlarged width beam in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis. The demagnification optics are merged with scanning optics to produce a scanned spot imaging system. The apparatus is particularly useful for exposing images, e.g., in a dye sublimation printer.

Abstract: An axially-based lens is provided, comprising two biaxial elements, each having entrance and exit surfaces. The exit surface of one of the elements is joined to the entrance surface of the other element, with one of the elements rotated at an angle with respect to the other. In a preferred embodiment, the angle of rotation is 90.degree.. The axially-based lens thus comprises four axial sub-elements, and is called a "quadaxial" lens herein. The axially-based lens element has the ability to gather and focus light to a spot with a minimum of spherical aberration and with a substantially uniform distribution of light intensity from center to periphery of the spot. In a preferred embodiment, the lens element focuses light to a square spot size.

Abstract: An image display apparatus, e.g. a head-mounted image display apparatus, which enables observation of a clear image at a wide field angle, and which is extremely small in size and light in weight and hence unlikely to cause the observer to be readily fatigued. The image display apparatus has an image display device (6) and an ocular optical system (7). The ocular optical system (7) has a first surface (3), a second surface (4) and a third surface (5), which are disposed in the mentioned order from the observer's eyeball (1) side. The space between the first and second surfaces (3 and 4) and the space between the second and third surfaces (4 and 5) are filled with a medium having a refractive index larger than 1. The first and second surfaces (3 and 4) have different curvatures. The second surface (4) is a reflecting or semitransparent surface which is decentered with respect to an observer's visual axis (2), and which has a concave surface directed toward the observer's eyeball (1).

Abstract: A photographic lens system, comprising, from an object side, a first lens group having a positive refractive power, and a second lens group having a positive refractive power, wherein the first and the second lens groups comprise at least one cylindrical lens and the photographic lens system satisfies the condition of 1.0<f.sub.1 /f.sub.2 <1.2, where f.sub.1 represents a focal length in the Y direction, and f.sub.2 represents a focal length in the Z direction.The photographic lens system enables an image to be formed at the same position by making the horizontal magnification different from the vertical magnification due to the back focal length in the Y direction being different from that in the Z direction while equating the focal point lengths in the Y and Z directions. The photographic lens system can be used in a high quality camera having a relatively large aperture ratio and a good image forming efficiency.

Abstract: A segmented axial gradient array lens is provided. In one embodiment, the segmented array lens includes two sheets of optical material which mate at opposing faces which have a series of corresponding parallel grooves and ridges. At least one of the sheets has an axial gradient index of refraction profile. This provides the functionality of a series of parallel cylindrical lenses. The array lenses may include one or more additional intermediate sheets which may have a homogeneous or axial gradient index. With the first and last sheets having an axial gradient index of refraction, and the grooves forming the first and last interfaces between the sheets being rotated 90 degrees relative to each other, a two dimensional array of point foci can be provided. An array of cones and conical indentations can be used at the interfaces to provide the functionality of an array of spherical lenses. An array lens of the invention can be used to provide an optical multiplexer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anamorphic lens for a CCD camera apparatus used for inspecting a semiconductor chip during the manufacturing process. The reduced image of the semiconductor chip being inspected is formed at a magnification of 0.25 times in the horizontal direction and a magnification ratio of 1:1 in the vertical direction. The anamorphic lens system for the CCD camera apparatus includes two spherical lens sets each having five lenses, and an afocal cylindrical lens system through which the image is formed in different ratios between its length and width. The spherical lens sets are positioned face-to-face on the same axis line. The afocal lens system includes an indefinite distance in its focus point, and the different magnification between length and width is positioned in a space between the two spherical lens sets. As a result, the image of the semiconductor chip being inspected is formed on a general CCD element 6.6 mm.times.8.8 mm in size after it is reduced by 0.25 times.

Abstract: An image stabilizer has, in succession from the object side, an objective lens group having at least positive refractive power, variable angle prism having its vertical angle variable, and optical prism, and which satisfies the following condition:-20<.nu..sub.VAP -.nu..sub.RP <40,when .nu..sub.VAP is the Abbe's number of the variable angle prism, and .nu..sub.RP is the mean value of the Abbe's number of the optical prism.

Abstract: This invention relates to a simple, compact, and robust, cylindrical microlens external cavity for laser diode frequency control. The microlens system makes possible a tunable laser diode that utilizes an orthogonal pair of collimating microlenses to form a short external cavity for longitudinal mode and frequency control. The resulting system generates a circular, collimated beam of single frequency, tunable laser radiation. A cylindrical microlens collimator has a powered surface that semi-collimates (i.e., collimates in one axis only) the light from a laser diode. This powered surface is placed so as to be the surface closest to the laser facet. A second lens surface opposite the powered surface, is located in the semi-collimated beam is planar. The second surface of the lens is flat and has a reflective coating. Hence, it provides feedback that is refocused (in one axis) onto the laser aperture.

Abstract: An anamorphic single lens has its radii in respective directions determined by the transfer efficiency of beams and imaging positions in respective directions, as required by the overall optical scanner. The anamorphic single lens satisfies the following formulae: ##EQU1## where fm is the focal length of the lens in the direction of beams diverged at a larger angle, TH is the thickness, S is the distance from a light source side principal point position (6) to the light source (5) in the direction of the beams diverged at the larger angle, and S' is the distance from a light source side principal point position (8) to the light source in the direction of beams diverged at a smaller angle.

Abstract: An optical signal detector for an electro-optical mouse comprising elliptical lenses for X-axis and Y-axis to longitudinally latitudinally magnify X-axis and Y-axis images taken on a grating work pad, permitting longitudinal magnification to be greater than latitudinal magnification. Receivers respectively receive magnified X-axis and Y-axis images so as to provide signals indicative of the direction and amount of movement of the optical signal detector for moving the visible cursor from position to position on a display screen.

Abstract: A rod lens or a cylindrical lens is disposed in front of a semiconductor laser to increase a divergence angle of a laser beam emitted from the semiconductor laser so as to form a substantially circular far field pattern. In another constitution, there is disposed in front of a semiconductor laser a composite lens having two cylindrical surfaces whose cylindrical axes are perpendicular to each other. The cylindrical surface on the side of the semiconductor laser is a convex surface and the other cylindrical surface is a convex or concave surface. In still another constitution, two semiconductor lasers emitting the same optical signal are arranged adjacent each other so that respective light emitting portions of two pn junction planes are located in the same plane and perpendicular to each other, and that laser beams form orthogonal spots at a single predetermined position.

Abstract: A portable symbology reader utilizing an anamorphic lens system. The anamorphic lens system allows a low cost, high volume CCD sensor to be used in a hand-held, point and shoot, portable imaging system. The anamorphic lens system provides vertical sensor resolution equal to the horizontal while providing a maximum field of view.