Abstract: A lens barrel for providing a compact lens barrel capable of suppressing ghosts and flares includes a first lens holding portion that holds a first lens; and a second lens holding portion that holds a second lens disposed further toward an image plane side than the first lens, wherein the outer diameter of the first lens is larger than the outer diameter of the second lens, wherein a plurality of through-holes along the optical axis direction of the first lens and the second lens is provided in the second lens holding portion, and wherein the first lens holding portion includes a plurality of protrusions arranged so as to overlap the plurality of through-holes if viewed from an object side along the optical axis direction.

Abstract: Various embodiments illustrated herein disclose a housing of an imaging unit. The housing comprising an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the inner surface of the housing defines a lens channel, wherein the inner surface of the lens channel defines a contact point that protrudes outwardly from the inner surface into the lens channel. The inner surface of the lens channel further defines a through hole, in the lens channel, that extends from the inner surface of the lens channel to the outer surface of the housing. The lens channel is configured to receive a lens barrel comprising a groove, wherein the groove is exposed to the through hole when the lens barrel is received in the lens channel.

Abstract: A lens barrel 10 comprises a substantially cylindrical first lens group unit 11 that holds a lens L1, and a substantially cylindrical front frame unit 12 that is disposed in a state of being close to the outer peripheral surface side of the substantially cylindrical first lens group unit 11. The first lens group unit 11 has a rectilinear key 11c that protrudes outward in the radial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the lens L1 on the image plane side in the optical axis direction. The front frame unit 12 has an inside diameter that is smaller than the outside diameter of the first lens group unit 11 in the portion where the rectilinear key 11c is provided. The first lens group unit 11 and the front frame unit 12 are formed so that a gap is formed between the outside diameter of the first lens group unit 11 and the inside diameter of the front frame unit 12 at a position opposite the rectilinear key 11c in the radial direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lens driving apparatus. The lens driving apparatus includes a base, a yoke coupled to the base, having an upper surface formed with a hole, a closed side surface, and an opened bottom surface, a bobbin movably installed in an inner portion of the yoke, a lens module coupled to the bobbin to go in and out the hole according to movement of the bobbin, a magnet fixed to an inner portion of the yoke, a coil fixed to an outer portion of the bobbin while facing the magnets, and springs coupled to the bobbin to provide restoration force to the bobbin.

Abstract: A lens driving device includes: a movable part for accommodating a lens; and an ultrasonic motor having a resonance part configured to move the movable part by motion of the resonance part of the ultrasonic motor. The resonance part has a pair of arms, and is disposed such that only one of the arms is in contact with the movable part.

Abstract: Provided are a lens driving motor and an elastic member of the lens driving motor. The elastic member of a lens driving motor, the elastic member includes a first spring and a second spring. The second spring is different from the first spring and disposed together with the first spring on one side of a carrier to support the carrier. A first lead line of a coil and a first external power source are connected to the first spring, and a second lead line of the coil and a second external power source are connected to the second spring to supply power to the coil. Since the carrier can be assembled to other part after a (+) lead line and a (?) lead line of the coil are connected to the first and second springs, respectively, using solder, a process is simple and convenient.

Abstract: A camera module includes a lens module, a first movable member, a second movable member, a fixed member, a first driving unit, and a second driving unit. The first movable member is coupled to the lens module and configured to rotate about a first axis virtually intersecting an optical axis of the lens module. The second movable member, supporting the first movable member, is configured to rotate about a second axis virtually intersecting the optical axis. The fixed member is configured to support the second movable member. The first driving unit, configured to provide a first driving force required to rotate the first movable member, includes a first driving magnet disposed on the first movable member. The second driving unit, configured to provide a second driving force required to rotate the second movable member, includes a second driving magnet disposed on the second movable member.

Abstract: A lens driving module includes first and second bases, a bottom base, a reset assembly, a PCB, first and second driving assemblies respectively driving first base to rotate about a first axis and second base to rotate about a second axis, and a lens mounted on the first base. The reset assembly includes reset members provided at two opposite sides of the bottom base along the first axis or the second axis. Each reset member includes first to third connection portions, a first elastic arm connected between first and second connection portions and configured to reset the first base, and a second elastic arm connected between second and third connection portions and configured to reset the second base. The first to third connection portions are respectively connected to first and second bases and bottom base, respectively. The lens driving module has a simplified structure, compact size, and improved stability.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a space ring, a lens system, a method for manufacturing a space ring, and a method for assembling a lens system capable of maintaining a distance between centers of lenses with high accuracy, while easily assembling the lens system without using special equipment. A space ring configured in an annular shape or a rectangular frame shape, wherein at least one main surface 1a is having an inverted shape of a shape of a periphery side of a lens surface 2a of a lens 2 arranged at one side, and a positioning of the lens 2 is performed by surface contacting the one main surface 1a to the periphery side of the lens surface 2a of the lens 2.

Abstract: A camera module, comprising a shell, a fixing bracket, a lens, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, and an image sensor assembly. The fixing bracket includes a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion. The first driving assembly is connected to a side of the first fixing portion facing the bottom of the shell. The first driving assembly includes a fixed member fixed to a bottom surface of the first fixing portion, a driving member connected to an image sensor assembly, and at least two shape memory alloy wires connected between the fixed member and the driving member and located on different sides of the first driving assembly. The shape memory alloy wires drive the image sensor assembly to move by extension and retraction.

Abstract: Compact folded camera modules having auto-focus (AF) and optical image stabilization (OIS) capabilities and multi-aperture cameras including such modules. In an embodiment, a folded camera module includes an optical path folding element (OPFE) for folding light from a first optical path with a first optical axis to a second optical path with a second optical axis perpendicular to the first optical axis, an image sensor and a lens module carrying a lens with a symmetry axis parallel to the second optical axis. The lens module can be actuated to move in first and second orthogonal directions in a plane perpendicular to the first optical axis, the movement in the first direction being for auto-focus and the movement in the second direction being for OIS. The OPFE can be actuated to tilt for OIS.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides chip package structure, packaging method, camera module and electronic equipment. The package structure includes chip package module, which includes light-transmitting substrate, wiring layer located on side of light-transmitting substrate and including first metal wire, conductor located on side of wiring layer facing away from light-transmitting substrate, photosensitive chip located on side of wiring layer facing away from the light-transmitting substrate, active chip located on side of wiring layer facing away from light-transmitting substrate, and plastic encapsulation layer encapsulating photosensitive chip and active chip. The conductor includes first end electrically connected to first metal wire, and second end. The photosensitive chip includes pin electrically connected to first metal wire and has photosensitive surface facing towards light-transmitting substrate. The photosensitive surface includes photosensitive region that is not overlapping first metal wire.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a camera device comprising: a bracket comprising a first hole and a second hole; a first camera module disposed in the first hole of the bracket; a second camera module disposed in the second hole of the bracket; a first magnet disposed on the outer surface of the first camera module; and a second magnet disposed at a position corresponding to the first magnet on the outer surface of the bracket, wherein the first magnet is fixed to the outer surface of the first camera module and the second magnet is movably disposed on the bracket.

Abstract: An imaging lens driving module includes a base, a casing, a driving mechanism and a damping element. The base has an opening, and the casing has a central aperture corresponding to the opening. The casing includes a plastic frame portion and a metal structure portion. The plastic frame portion is coupled to the base. The metal structure portion has a plurality of pins extending towards the base. The driving mechanism is disposed in the casing. The driving mechanism is configured to drive the lens unit to move in a direction parallel to an optical axis. The damping element is connected to the pins and the lens unit. The metal structure portion is insert-molded with the plastic frame portion to form the casing. The pins are located closer to the optical axis than the other part of the metal structure portion to the optical axis.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of producing an electrochromic composition capable of diversifying colors, an electrochromic composition produced thereby, and an electrochromic device including the electrochromic composition. The electrochromic composition may be produced through a solution direct reaction using an electro-spray machine including two nozzles symmetrically inclined toward a central axis. The method may include preparing, respectively, a first coating composition comprising a first electrochromic compound and a second coating composition comprising a second electrochromic compound; loading, respectively, the first coating composition and the second composition into an electro-spray machine; spraying the first coating composition and the second coating composition under application of a voltage to the electro-spray device; and forming a electrochromic composition by reacting the first electrochromic compound with the second electrochromic compound during spraying.

Abstract: An optical system for use with a vacuum chamber may include a target to be positioned within the vacuum chamber, a laser source, and an optical assembly to be positioned within the vacuum chamber between the target and the laser source. The optical assembly may include a housing, a frame, a lens carried by the frame, and spiral flexures each having a respective proximal end coupled to the frame. In addition, the optical assembly may include a plurality of flexure actuators, where each flexure actuator is coupled between the housing and a distal end of a respective spiral flexure.

Abstract: A camera module includes: a lens module including a lens and movably disposed in a housing; a first displacement identification layer disposed on the lens module, configured to move according to movement of the lens module, and having a width varying according to coordinates in one direction in the lens module; and a second displacement identification layer disposed on the lens module, configured to move according to the movement of the lens module, and having a width varying according to the coordinates in the one direction in the lens module. The first and second displacement identification layers are arranged such that a coordinate, among the coordinates in the one direction, corresponding to a maximum width of the first displacement identification layer is different from a coordinate, among the coordinates in the one direction in the lens module, corresponding to a maximum width of the second displacement identification layer.

Abstract: A camera module includes a fixed base, a carrier, an elastic element, an imaging lens, a coil, a magnetic element, a connection wire and a light-blocking coating. The carrier is disposed opposite to the fixed base and has a bobbin. The elastic element is connected to the fixed base and the carrier so as to provide freedom of movement of the carrier with respect to the fixed base. The imaging lens is disposed on the carrier and has an optical axis. The coil is disposed on the carrier. The magnetic element is disposed corresponding to the coil so as to provide a driving force for moving the carrier. The connection wire is disposed on the bobbin and electrically connected to the elastic element and the coil, and the connection wire has at least part facing towards the optical axis where the light-blocking coating is disposed.

Abstract: One embodiment relates to a lens driving device and a camera module including same. The lens driving device according to the one embodiment can include: a base; a pin coupled to the base; and a housing including a lens group and moving in the optical axis direction along the pin. The housing can include, in one side thereof, a ball accommodation part and a plurality of balls arranged in the ball accommodation part. The pin is arranged in the ball accommodation part so as to be capable of guiding the housing while being in contact with the plurality of balls.

Abstract: Actuators for rotating or tilting an optical element, for example an optical path folding element, comprising a voice coil motor (VCM) and a curved ball-guided mechanism operative to create a rotation or tilt movement of the optical element around a rotation axis upon actuation by the VCM. In some embodiments, an actuator includes two, first and second VCMs, and two curved ball-guided mechanisms operative to create rotation or tilt around respective first and second rotation axes.

Abstract: A first lens body and a second lens body are fixed to, using an adhesive layer, a surface of a lens fixing plate determined by intersection of a straight line in an optical axis direction and a straight line in a longitudinal direction, such that the lens fixing plate in which a lens fixing plate opening is formed in a lateral direction overlaps, when viewed in the lateral direction, at least a portion of a junction at which the first lens body and the second lens body are bonded to each other. A first adjustment member is brought into contact with the first lens body via at least one hole into which the first adjustment member is inserted A second adjustment member is brought into contact with the second lens body via at least one hole and into which the second adjustment member is inserted.

Abstract: Provided are a lens driving device, a camera module, and a camera mounting device with which miniaturization and weight reduction can be achieved. This lens driving device is provided with: a stationary part; and a movable part configured to be capable of holding a lens part and movably connected to the stationary part, wherein the stationary part has a flat plate-like base, the base has a thick part and a thin part having a smaller thickness than the thick part, and a reinforcing plate is embedded into the thin part. Specifically, the reinforcing plate is formed of a metal material and is embedded into the resin base by insert-molding.

Abstract: An optical member driving mechanism is provided. The optical member driving mechanism includes a first portion and a matrix structure. The first portion is connected to a first optical member and corresponds to a first light. The matrix structure is disposed on the first portion and corresponds to a second light, wherein the first light is different from the second light. The matrix structure includes a regularly-arranged structure.

Abstract: An Off Axis Guider specifically designed with internal mechanically controlled placement of one or more prisms which allow the user to select stars in the telescope's field of view without obscuring the primary cameras' image capturing ability.

Abstract: An integrated optical engine based on an embodiment of the invention includes: a projecting system for projecting light to the exterior; an imaging system for receiving light from the exterior; a camera body, to which the projecting system and the imaging system are coupled; and a base coupled to the rear of the camera body. A first insertion recess extends along the lengthwise direction of the camera body and has the same diameter as the outer diameter of the projecting system such that the projecting system is movable within the first insertion recess along only the lengthwise direction, and a second insertion recess extends along the lengthwise direction of the camera body and has the same diameter as the outer diameter of the imaging system such that the imaging system is movable within the second insertion recess along only the lengthwise direction.

Abstract: A stabilizing locking clamp for a kinematic optical mount includes a clamp plate configured for optical access and a plurality of clamp actuators affixed to the clamp plate. The clamp actuators are positioned such that each clamp actuator exerts a force on a front plate of the kinematic optical mount in a push-push configuration. A stabilizing kinematic optical mount includes a kinematic optical mount and a plurality of clamp arms, each clamp arm including a clamp actuator positioned to exert a force on a front plate of the kinematic optical mount in a push-push configuration. The stabilizing locking clamp and stabilizing kinematic optical mount reduce temperature-dependent and vibration-induced changes in pitch and yaw, thereby improving pointing stability for optical setups that rely on critical beam alignment.

Abstract: A driving module is provided. The driving module includes a fixed portion, a movable portion movably connected to the fixed portion and used to hold an optical element having an optical axis, a driving assembly for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion, and a circuit assembly electrically connected to the driving assembly. The circuit assembly includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment. The first segment is resilient, plate-shaped, and movable relative to the fixed portion and the movable portion. The second segment is plate-shaped and affixed on the movable portion, wherein a thickness direction of the first segment is different from a thickness direction of the second segment. The third segment is plate-shaped and affixed on the fixed portion, wherein the second segment is movably connected to the third segment through the first segment.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a flexible touchscreen layer movable between an open state and a closed state and having a periphery located at a first distance from a first sidewall in the closed state, and located at a second distance longer than the first distance from the first sidewall in the open state. When the flexible touchscreen layer is moved from the open state to the closed state, at least part of the bendable portion may be led out from a recess to construct substantially a plane. When the flexible touchscreen layer is moved from the closed state to the open state, at least part of the bendable portion may be led into the recess to expose at least one of an inner structure having various modules disposed thereon or electronic component for access and/or use.

Abstract: A plastic lens barrel includes an object-end portion, an image-end portion and a tube portion. The object-end portion has an object-end outer surface, an object-end opening and an object-end inner surface, wherein one end of the object-end inner surface is connected to the object-end outer surface and surrounds the object-end opening. The image-end portion has an image-end outer surface and an image-end opening. The tube portion connected object-end portion and the image-end portion, and includes a plurality of tube inner surfaces. At least one of the tube inner surfaces and the object-end inner surface includes a plurality of annular convex structures. Each of the annular convex structures surrounds a central axis of the plastic lens barrel. A cross-sectional plane of each annular convex structure passing through the central axis includes a peak point and two valley point.

Abstract: A lens drive unit 10 comprises permanent magnets 215a and 215b, a yoke 211, and a coil 210. The yoke 211 has center yoke portions 221a and 222a, a back yoke portion 231 and a connect yoke portion that magnetically joins the center yoke portions 221a and 222a and the back yoke portion 231. The coil 210 is wound so as to surround part of the center yoke portions 221a and 222a. The height of a surface of the center yoke portions facing the permanent magnets in an orthogonal direction to the optical axis direction is such that the height near the middle part in the optical axis direction is smaller than the height near the two ends in the optical axis direction.

Abstract: A zoom control method is provided, including: determining a midpoint of a connecting line of touch points located on both sides of an object to be close-up; determining a pixel vector formed from the midpoint of the connecting line to a center point of a screen; converting the pixel vector into an angle vector based on a conversion relationship between a diagonal angle of view of a current focal length range and a diagonal pixel of an image sensor of a camera system; and controlling the object to be close-up being moved to the center point of the screen based on the angle vector.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a plurality of lenses including a first lens affixed to an optics mount holder which is adjustably affixed to an alignment channel part. The optical axis of the first lens passes through a hollow area of the alignment channel part. The lens is mounted on the optics mount holder which is adjustably affixed to one end of the alignment channel part with a plurality of adjustable fasteners. A method is provided for aligning the optical apparatus.

Abstract: An opto-mechanical assembly includes a first thermal control element disposed on a region of a first section of an enclosure; a second thermal control element disposed on a region of a second section of the enclosure; and an optical element that includes a first portion and a second portion. The first thermal control element is configured to heat the first portion of the optical element and to cause the first portion of the optical element to be associated with a first temperature, and the second thermal control element is configured to heat the second portion of the optical element and to cause the second portion of the optical element to be associated with a second temperature. This causes a difference between the first temperature and the second temperature to satisfy a temperature difference threshold. Accordingly, this also causes a temperature gradient along an axis of the optical element to satisfy a temperature gradient threshold.

Abstract: Actuators for rotating or tilting an optical element, for example an optical path folding element, comprising a voice coil motor (VCM) and a curved ball-guided mechanism operative to create a rotation or tilt movement of the optical element around a rotation axis upon actuation by the VCM. In some embodiments, an actuator includes two, first and second VCMs, and two curved ball-guided mechanisms operative to create rotation or tilt around respective first and second rotation axes.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided, including a fixed part, a movable part, a driving assembly and a supporting assembly. The movable part is movable relative to the fixed part, and is connected to an optical element. The driving assembly drives the movable part to move relative to the fixed part. The movable part is movable relative to the fixed part in a moving range via the supporting assembly.

Abstract: An optical element adjustment device includes a casing base, an optical element, a bearing element, and a first adjustment module. The optical element is movably disposed in the casing base. The bearing element includes an outer frame bearing the optical element and a shaft portion protruding from the outer frame and penetrating from the casing base. The first adjustment module is disposed on the shaft portion. A screw shank is sleeved on the shaft portion and penetrates from the casing base. The first adjustment element is screwed to the screw shank and abuts against the casing base. A limiting element protrudes from a side surface of the shaft portion and is located next to the screw shank. The first elastic element is disposed between the screw shank and the outer frame, such that the screw shank leans closely to the limiting element.

Abstract: Provided are a lens driving motor and an elastic member of the lens driving motor. The elastic member of a lens driving motor, the elastic member includes a first spring and a second spring. The second spring is different from the first spring and disposed together with the first spring on one side of a carrier to support the carrier. A first lead line of a coil and a first external power source are connected to the first spring, and a second lead line of the coil and a second external power source are connected to the second spring to supply power to the coil. Since the carrier can be assembled to other part after a (+) lead line and a (?) lead line of the coil are connected to the first and second springs, respectively, using solder, a process is simple and convenient.

Abstract: A lens moving apparatus includes a housing, a bobbin disposed in the housing, a first coil disposed on the bobbin, a magnet configured to move the bobbin in a first direction parallel to an optical axis by an electromagnetic interaction with the first coil, an elastic member coupled to the bobbin, and a second coil disposed on the housing. A first portion of the second coil is coupled to the housing. The second coil generates an induction voltage resulting from an inductive interaction with the first coil when the bobbin moves in the first direction.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for an optical element is provided, including a fixed part, a movable part and a driving assembly. The movable part is configured to connect to the optical element having the optical axis. The movable part is movable relative to the fixed part. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable part to move relative to the fixed part.

Abstract: A lens driving device includes: a box-shaped lens carrier for fixing a lens barrel to the inside thereof which lens barrel is for guiding light from an imaging target to a photo detecting sensor, wherein the lens carrier has a first opening through which light from the imaging target enters, a second opening through which light toward the photo detecting sensor exits, and a third opening for mounting the lens barrel, wherein the third opening is formed between ends of two opposing side walls of the box-shaped lens carrier other than side walls being formed with the first opening and the second opening, wherein inner surfaces of the two opposing side walls are formed in parallel with respect to each other from the third opening to the center of the lens carrier.

Abstract: A magnetic fastening device for releasably fastening a first unit and a second unit to each other, the magnetic fastening device comprising at least one pair of magnets, wherein one of the units is provided with at least one protrusion, while the other of the units is provided with at least one recess for receiving the at least one protrusion, and wherein a first magnet and a second magnet of each pair are displaced relative to each other by a displacement distance in a displacement direction such that, in a state in which the units abut against each other, a component of the attractive force maintains the at least one protrusion in the at least one recess.

Abstract: A camera system may include one or more voice coil motor (VCM) actuators to implement focus, tilt and shift functions. The VCM actuators may include coils segmented into multiple coil segments having individually impedances lower than the impedance of the respective coil as a whole. The coil segments may be individually driven by respective currents at different points in time to interact with magnet(s) to produce motive forces along the same axis. Based on the winding configuration and driving mode of the coil segments, the motive forces may move a lens group relative to an image sensor in a direction substantially orthogonal to an image plane, tilt the lens group relative to the image sensor, or shift the image sensor relative to the lens group on the image plane.

Abstract: A focus adjustment control apparatus is provided which includes: a focus detection unit that calculates an evaluation value with regard to contrast of an image via an optical system to detect a focus adjustment state of the optical system; an acquisition unit that acquires from a lens barrel at least one of a maximum value and a minimum value of an image plane movement coefficient that represents correspondence relationship between a movement amount of a focus adjustment lens included in the optical system and a movement amount of an image plane; and a control unit that uses at least one of the maximum value and the minimum value of the image plane movement coefficient to determine a drive speed for the focus adjustment lens when the focus detection unit detects the focus adjustment state.

Abstract: An optical element driving mechanism is provided that includes a fixed assembly, a movable assembly, and a driving assembly. The movable assembly is configured to be connected to an optical element, and the movable assembly is movable relative to the fixed assembly. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable member to move relative to the fixed assembly.

Abstract: An assembly device for an optical assembly comprises: a grasping mechanism (310) configured to grasp a first sub-lens to be assembled, and to move the grasped first sub-lens in multiple degrees of freedom; a first fixing mechanism (320) configured to fix a second sub-lens to be assembled, wherein the grasping mechanism (310) is movable relative to the first fixing mechanism (320), so that the first sub-lens and the second sub-lens form an optical system capable of imaging; a second fixing mechanism (330) configured to fix a photosensitive assembly; a data acquiring assembly (340) configured to be electrically connected to the photosensitive assembly fixed by the fixing mechanism (330) and acquire image data output by the photosensitive assembly; and a material connecting assembly (210) configured to fix the first and second sub-lenses together.

Abstract: A focus adjustment control apparatus is provided which includes: a focus detection unit that calculates an evaluation value with regard to contrast of an image via an optical system to detect a focus adjustment state of the optical system; an acquisition unit that acquires from a lens barrel at least one of a maximum value and a minimum value of an image plane movement coefficient that represents correspondence relationship between a movement amount of a focus adjustment lens included in the optical system and a movement amount of an image plane; and a control unit that uses at least one of the maximum value and the minimum value of the image plane movement coefficient to determine a drive speed for the focus adjustment lens when the focus detection unit detects the focus adjustment state.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for moving an optical element is provided, including a movable portion, a fixed portion, a driving assembly, and a first resilient element. The movable portion is for connecting the optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly drives the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The first resilient element has a board structure. The movable portion is movably connected to the fixed portion via the first resilient element. The fixed portion includes a connection surface, a restricting surface, and a recessed portion. At least a portion of the first resilient element is disposed on the connection surface. The restricting surface contacts and restricts the movable portion. The recessed portion is located between the connection surface and the restricting surface, wherein the recessed portion is lower than the connection surface and the restricting surface.

Abstract: A level correction system includes a first adjustment device, a chuck device provided on the first adjustment device, a first reflective device provided on the chuck device, a second adjustment device, a carrying table provided on the second adjustment device, a second reflective device provided on the carrying table, a laser emitter configured to emit incident laser light, a laser receiver, and a controller. The first reflective device and the second reflective device are used to reflect the incident laser light to form a reflected laser light. The laser receiver is used to receive the reflected laser light. The controller is used to determine a height of the chuck device or the carrying table and whether a center point of a reflected light spot formed by the reflected laser light is offset from a center point of an incident light spot formed by the incident laser light.

Abstract: A driving mechanism is provided and configured to drive an optical element. The driving mechanism includes a base unit, a holding unit, a driving assembly, a sensing assembly, and a first circuit component. The holding unit is configured to hold an optical element that has an optical axis. The driving assembly is configured to drive the optical element to move relative to the base unit. The sensing assembly is configured to detect the movement of the holding unit relative to the base unit. The first circuit component is disposed in the base unit and electrically connected to the sensing assembly, wherein the first circuit component extends in a direction that is substantially parallel to the optical axis.

Abstract: A method for attaching a camera objective to an objective holder. The method includes the steps of introducing the camera objective into an attaching element in the region of the objective holder, the attaching element having a plurality of contact elements that extend from a base body and lie elastically on the camera objective, of orienting the camera objective to an image sensor, and of welding the attaching element using a laser, so that the position of the camera objective to the objective holder is fixed.