Abstract: An alignment system uses a self-referencing interferometer that produces two overlapping and relatively rotated images of an alignment marker. Detectors detect intensities in a pupil plane where Fourier transforms of the images are caused to interfere. The positional information is derived from the phase difference between diffraction orders of the two images which manifests as intensity variations in the interfered orders. Asymmetry can also be measured by measuring intensities at two positions either side of a diffraction order.

Abstract: SPR-compatible substrates for high density microarray fabrication and analyses are provided. Novel carbon-on-metal thin film substrate architecture permits the integration of surface plasmon resonance detection with photolithographically fabricated biomolecule arrays for the analysis of biomolecular interactions. The utility of the technology is shown in the analysis of specific DNA-DNA, DNA-RNA and DNA-protein binding interactions. These new substrates may be used to determine the secondary structure of RNA molecules, to probe the sequence-specific binding kinetics and affinity of proteins and small molecules, and as substrates for small-molecule combinatorial chemistry platforms for drug discovery applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical component, which comprises a prism element adjacent to a lens element, where the two elements are separated by a small air gap. In disclosed embodiments, the elements have adjacent and parallel surfaces which are substantially planar and which, with the small air gap, operate through Total Internal Reflection (“TIR”) to direct light beams that strike the planar surfaces. Light beams that strike at less than the critical angle are internally reflected, while light beams which strike at greater than the critical angle pass through. The TIR surfaces thereby separate the desired optical signals from the spurious ones. The combined TIR prism lens operates as a single and integrated component which directs desired light beams to a reflective optical processing element such as a Spatial Light Modulator and which focuses the processed light beams as they leave the combined TIR prism lens.

Abstract: A system for determining wire bonding tool placement for use with a wire bonder and an optical imager is provided. The system includes a prism disposed below the optical imager and the wire bonding tool. The system also includes at least one lens positioned between the prism and a lower portion of the wire bonding tool along a first optical axis. The at least one lens and the prism define an object plane between the at least one lens and the lower portion of the wire bonding tool. The at least one lens is positioned between the prism and the optical imager along a second optical axis. The at least one lens and the prism define an image plane between the at least one lens and the optical imager.

Abstract: An optical film includes a supporting layer and a structured-surface layer having a plurality of prims juxtapositionally formed on the supporting layer, each prim including a lower prism element bonded with the supporting layer and at least one upper prism element integrally superimposed on the lower prism element to increase the prism height in order to pick up sideward refracted light to reduce light loss in order to enhance brightness of the optical film.

Abstract: An exemplary prism sheet consists of a transparent main body. The transparent main body includes a surface and a plurality of spherical micro-protrusions. The spherical micro-protrusions are integrally formed on the surface. A backlight module using the present prism sheet is also provided.

Abstract: An image pickup optical system includes, in order from the object side, a front unit having at least one reflecting surface with power that is rotationally asymmetrical, an aperture stop, and a rear unit having at least one reflecting surface with power that is rotationally asymmetrical. In this case, F-numbers in two directions perpendicular to each other on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis are different. Decentration takes place in one of the two directions and the F-number in a direction perpendicular to a decentering direction is smaller than that in the decentering direction. When the F-number in the decentering direction is represented by FNY and the F-number in the direction perpendicular to the decentering direction is represented by FNX, the optical system satisfies the following condition: 1.1<FNY/FNX<2.0.

Abstract: A high-performance image-forming optical objective lens made compact and thin, particularly in the object side direction, by twice folding the optical path by means of two prism lenses longitudinally separated and arranged in an angular relationship to one another. The prisms have entrance and exit faces each of which is constructed of a curved surface having optical power, as well as having a rotationally symmetric polynomial aspheric attribute. The image-forming optical objective is particularly suited to helmet-mounted applications wherein the angular means for folding the optical path provides for an optical objective configuration that closely conforms to the exterior surface contour of the helmet, while providing a minimal forward projection in object space from the helmet.

Abstract: Provided are a two-dimensional planar photonic crystal superprism device and a method of manufacturing the same, in which a manufacturing process is simplified using a nanoimprint lithography technique, and thus price-reduction and mass production are facilitated. The two-dimensional planar photonic crystal superprism device includes: a single-mode input waveguide comprising a straight waveguide having a taper structure and a bending waveguide; a superprism formed on an output end side of the single-mode input waveguide and comprising a slab and a photonic crystal superprism; and a single-mode output waveguide comprising a straight waveguide having a taper structure and a bending waveguide, and formed adjacent to the photonic crystal superprism. Using the two-dimensional planar photonic crystal superprism device, it is possible to facilitate manufacturing of nano-photonic integrated circuits, photonic crystal integrated circuits and nano-photonic systems.

Abstract: A laser riflescope includes a laser emitter, a laser receiver, an objective lens group (11) for collecting the visible light from the target to be measured, an eyepiece group (14) adapted for observation by the user of the distance information of the target and defining an optical axis with the objective lens group, a prism group (12) disposed between the objective lens group and the eyepiece group for light beam transmission, and a display element (13) for displaying the distance information of the target. The display element is an OLED having high transmittance to enhance the display brightness of the laser riflescope.

Abstract: An illumination system including at least one first light source, a prism and a light uniforming device is provided. The first light source is capable of providing a first beam. The prism is disposed on a transmission path of the first beam, and has four first facets. Two of the first facets are opposite to each other, and the other two first facets are opposite to each other. The first beam passes through one of the first facets and is totally internally reflected by another first facet opposite to the one of the first facets. The light uniforming device is disposed on the transmission path of the first beam from the another first facet. The cost of the illumination system is lower, and the illumination system has high flexibility of the light source design and can provide illumination with high brightness.

Abstract: An illumination system including at least one first light source, a prism and a light uniforming device is provided. The first light source is capable of providing a first beam. The prism is disposed on a transmission path of the first beam, and has four first facets. Two of the first facets are opposite to each other, and the other two first facets are opposite to each other. The first beam passes through one of the first facets and is totally internally reflected by another first facet opposite to the one of the first facets. The light uniforming device is disposed on the transmission path of the first beam from the another first facet. The cost of the illumination system is lower, and the illumination system has high flexibility of the light source design and can provide illumination with high brightness.

Abstract: A taking optical system for forming an optical image of an object on the light-receiving surface of an image sensor has at least one optical prism that has an entrance surface, at least three reflective surfaces each curved, and an exit surface, and that receives rays from the object side through the entrance surface, then reflects the rays on the at least three reflective surfaces, and then lets out the rays through the exit surface. The optical prism is formed of a medium having a refractive index of 1.2 or more. An optical aperture is disposed on or near one of the at least three reflective surfaces. At least one of the at least three reflective surfaces is an eccentrically disposed rotation-asymmetric surface.

Abstract: A lens film with small warpage even when a transparent base is thin is provided. Pole prisms made of a hardening resin are arranged along the extending direction on a transparent base made of a flexible material. The transparent base has a depression according to a valley between the pole prisms adjacent to each other. The pole prism has a sloping face extending to an inner wall of the depression. The transparent base is in contact with the valley. A layer not functioning as a prism, that is, a so-called skirt layer does not exist between the transparent base and the pole prisms.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process and apparatus for interrogating or scanning an imaged storage substrate wherein a laser beam is directed towards the imaged storage substrate in a plane disposed at a non-orthogonal angle to such storage substrate thereby to stimulate luminescent information for detection by a linear sensor.

Abstract: A prism (10) is in the form of a polygonal prism and has a first optical surface (11), a second optical surface (12) and a third optical surface (13) formed on different surfaces of the prism. A light entrance region (11a) is provided at the center of the first optical surface (11), a light exit region (12a) is provided at the center of the second optical surface (12) and a substantially flat light reflecting region (13a) is provided at the center of the third optical surface (13). Suppose that there is a virtual surface between the light reflecting region (13a) and the first optical surface (11), the virtual surface is positioned more inward in the prism than a peripheral region of the third optical surface (13) extending from the light reflecting region (13a) to an edge (14) between the third optical surface (13) and the first optical surface (11).

Abstract: A high precision, high performance optical system and beam pathway design for laser-based distance measuring, or range-finding, devices includes an etched, or etched and filled, aiming reticle in the image plane which does not require daytime use illumination, and only minimal auxiliary illumination during nighttime operation, thereby conserving available battery power. In a preferred embodiment, a low power consuming back-lit liquid crystal display provides high contrast distance or other operational information to a user superimposed upon a black-appearing field stop thereby further providing operational power savings.

Abstract: A light conducting unit is disposed between a light source and a region which is to be illuminated. In addition, a light conducting unit includes a polygonal prism made from a first medium with a first coefficient of refraction, a first light conducting unit which directs light to be incident upon a first surface of the polygonal prism, and a second light conducting unit upon which light emitted from a second surface of the polygonal prism is incident, wherein the polygonal prism includes a reflective device which reflects light which is incident into the polygonal prism from the first surface towards the second surface, and a second medium with a second coefficient of refraction which is less than the first coefficient of refraction is provided at the first surface and the second surface.

Abstract: A security device comprises at least two regions, each region comprising a prismatic surface structure defining an array of substantially planar facets. Each region forms a reflector due to total internal reflection when viewed at least one first viewing angle and is transparent when viewed at least one second viewing angle. The said at least one first viewing angle of one region is different from the at least one first viewing angle of the other region. Furthermore, a security device comprising an asymmetrical or truncated prismatic surface structure is located in a transparent area of an article.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for the IR-spectrometric analysis of a solid, liquid or gaseous medium. The device includes a process probe, which has a reflection element. The device additionally includes a linear variable filter, at least one detector element, and a control/evaluation unit. At least one light source is also provided, the light of which is coupled into the reflection element via a collimating optics. At least one optical waveguide having a light input section and a light output section is provided. The light is guided via the light output section of the optical waveguide into a defined region of the linear variable filter. The detector element and the linear variable filter are arranged movably relative to one another over approximately the length of the linear variable filter. The control/evaluation unit determines the spectrum of the medium on the basis of the measured values delivered from the detector element.

Abstract: A prism sheet having a concave pentagonal structure is disclosed. The prism sheet comprises a base layer, and a prism array disposed on and supported by the base layer. The prism array is composed of a plurality of prisms aligned in parallel and one beside the other. The transversal cross-section of each prism has a shape of concave pentagon, which is symmetrical about a vertical line passing the apex. The interior angle ? of the apex is 30°???120°, the exterior angle ? formed by the upper slant side and the lower slant side is ?<180°, the interior angle ? of the lower vertex formed by the lower slant side and the base is 5°???85° and the length w of the base is 30 ?m?w?100 ?m. Preferably, the interior angle ? of the apex may be 40°???100°, the exterior angle ? formed by the upper slant side and the lower slant side may be 160°???179°, and the interior angle ? of the lower vertex formed by the lower slant side and the base may be 30°???60°. Preferably, the length w of the base may be 40 ?m?w?60 ?m.

Abstract: An optical device that includes an optical element, an imager, and a prism bracket. The optical element includes an optical element having first and second prisms coupled together. The imager is arranged adjacent to the first prism and configured to receive light from or to transmit light to the optical element, wherein the first prism is spaced between the second prism and the first imager. The prism bracket is coupled between the second prism and the first imager to hold the first imager in a desired positional alignment relative to the optical element. The optical device may further include additional sets of an optical element, imager, and prism bracket, wherein all of the sets are coupled to a color light combiner.

Abstract: An optical transmission device for providing stable communication with a partner device by reducing errors in optical axis misalignment. The errors are caused by uneven distribution of the light intensity in a received light beam resulting from atmospheric microscopic fluctuations. One embodiment includes a transmission and receiving unit, which employs two photodetectors, one aligned with and the other misaligned with the optical axis of the optical transmission device. Other embodiments employ a movable means for shifting a photodetector or a lens unit relative to the optical axis of the optical transmission device.

Abstract: An optical element has a dichroic film held between transparent materials which transmits one of first light in a wavelength range of 390 to 425 nm and second light in a wavelength range of 630 to 820 nm and reflects the other light, and a first, a second, a third and a fourth surfaces. In the optical element, a first anti-reflection film for preventing reflection of the first light is formed on the first surface, a second anti-reflection film for preventing reflection of the second light is formed on the second surface, and a third anti-reflection film for preventing the reflection of the first and the second light is formed on the third surface from which the incident light of the first surface and the second surface is emitted. In the third anti-reflection film, reflectance of the second light is larger than that of the first light.

Abstract: A method of producing a prism comprising a first prism component and a second prism component that are joined together along a partial reflection plane that is inclined with respect to the optical axis. The method has steps comprising measuring the refractive index for multiple base materials constructing the first prism component and the second prism component and joining the base materials having approximately the same refractive index measurements together along a partial reflection plane in such a manner that the refractive index measurements are associated with specified positions during the course of joining.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, an optical system includes two tilted planar elements each having two surfaces for which the sign of the slopes of at least three of the four surfaces that an incident beam encounters are the same and which, when inserted into the path of the incident beam produces an output beam having no angular deviation and essentially no lateral deviation from the incident beam path.

Abstract: A projection display system comprises an illumination device, a prism assembly, a projection lens and a reflective light valve. The prism assembly has a first light incident surface, a first light emitting surface and a second light emitting surface. The first light emitting surface is an optical curved surface. An illumination beam is incident on the light valve after it enters the prism assembly from the first light incident surface. A modulated beam is generated after it is processed through the light valve. Finally, the modulated beam is projected into the projection lens through the prism assembly. Because a surface of the prism assembly is set to be an optical curved surface to replace a lens in the projection lens or the illumination device, a back focal length of the system is shortened and the projection lens or the illumination device is simplified.

Abstract: A total internal reflection prism of a projection apparatus including a first prism, a second prism and a total-reflection-inhibiting layer is provided. The first prism has a first surface, a second surface and a third surface. The second prism has a light incident surface and a light-emitting surface opposite to the first surface. A gap exists between the first surface and the light-emitting surface. The total-reflection-inhibiting layer is connected between a part of the light-emitting surface and a part of the first surface. By setting the total-reflection-inhibiting layer, the probability of total reflection of an illumination beam transmitted inside the total internal reflection prism is reduced. Therefore, the efficiency of utilizing the illumination beam is increased and the brightness of an image is promoted.

Abstract: A projector includes an illumination device, a color separation system, a light combining system, a projection system, and an optical adjustment portion. The color separation system separates the light emitted from the illumination device into blue light, red light, and green light. The light combining system can have a first dichroic filter reflecting one of blue light or red light, and a second dichroic filter reflecting green light which are placed in a crossed state and can combine image lights of respective colors exiting from the first through third light modulation devices. The projection system can project a combined light exiting from the light combining system while correcting chromatic aberrations of magnification of blue light and red light with respect to green light. The optical adjustment portion can adjust a size of an image light corresponding to the green light of the combined light exiting from the light combining system.

Abstract: Molded silicone rubber sheets with optical quality surfaces and methods for making the same. The silicone rubber sheets are made by molding liquid silicone rubber in a mold. In embodiments, the mold forms parallel optical quality flat surfaces. In one embodiment, a stiffening plastic is molded in the middle of the silicone rubber sheet between the parallel optical quality flat surfaces. In another embodiment, the mold forms one optical quality flat surface while the surface parallel to the optical quality flat surface is bonded to a prism.

Abstract: A prism sheet, a backlight assembly having the prism sheet, and an LCD device having the prism sheet, the prism sheet includes a first surface, a second surface and a reflecting member. A light is incident upon the first surface. The second surface includes a prism pattern. The incident light exits through the second surface. The reflecting member is provided on the first surface to partially reflect irradiated light that is received on the first surface.

Abstract: In a projection display device that is provided with a relay lens for converting flux that is emitted from a light source to a parallel flux for illuminating an image display element (DMD), and a total internal reflection prism for both directing flux that is emitted from the relay lens to the DMD and directing flux that is reflected by the DMD toward a projection lens, the relay lens is unified with the prism as a lens-integral prism by bonding the relay lens to the total internal reflection surface of the prism.

Abstract: A highly adaptable system for creating colorful spectral displays or for achieving a prismatic effect using visible light. The invention includes a fixed-angle or monolithic prismatic element fabricated from plate glass mirror material. A compound version of this monolithic element wherein multiple single elements have been affixed to one another for the purpose of creating a more complex spectral display is also provided. The invention also includes a prism-like device that utilizes a standard mirror, mirrors, or other materials with highly reflective surfaces and water or a similar fluid that disperses light in a predictable manner at or on a specific target. Both the fixed prismatic elements and the adjustable light dispersing elements may be arranged into one or more arrays that may be used to create complex spectral displays on a variety of surfaces while utilizing one or more available light sources or a moving light source such as the sun.

Abstract: An electronically adjustable, combinational color filter device is provided for generating color light. Incoming light is split in a polarizing beam splitter/combiner into a first and a second element of light. One or more wave plates operate to modify the polarization state of the first element of light, and one or more dichroic reflective filters reflect portions of the first element of light having a predetermined wavelength. Similarly, one or more wave plates operate to modify the polarization state of the second element of light, and one or more dichroic reflective filters reflect portions of the second element of light having a predetermined wavelength. Reflected portions of the first element and the second elements of light are combined in the polarizing beam splitter/combiner to create color light. A spatial light modulator may be used to create color images.

Abstract: A transparent member has a light incident surface formed in such a manner as to be oriented downwards, a light emitting surface formed in such a manner as to be oriented towards a driver M and a reflecting mirror surface having a reflecting member integrally attached thereto which is formed into a convex surface relative to the driver on an opposite side to the light emitting surface. The light incident surface is formed into the shape of an integrally angled concave surface. The light emitting surface is formed into the shape of an externally angled convex surface. The reflecting mirror surface includes a central convex mirror surface portion which is oriented further downwards at a central portion of the reflecting mirror surface.

Abstract: An image-taking lens apparatus has an image sensor for converting an optical image of a subject into an electrical signal and an image-taking lens system for forming the optical image on the image sensor. The image-taking lens system includes a prism for bending the optical path, and the refractive index of the prism fulfills a prescribed conditional formula.

Abstract: A optical system for a viewing instrument with a variable direction of view is disclosed generally comprising shaft, first and second reflectors located at the distal end of the shaft, where the first reflector rotates about an axis angularly offset from the longitudinal axis of the shaft, and an entrance pupil positioned in the optical path created by the reflectors and preceding the reflecting surface of the second reflector. In certain embodiments, the entrance pupil comprises an aperture stop positioned between the first and second reflectors. In some embodiments, the system includes negative and positive lenses located adjacent the entrance and exit faces of the first reflector.

Abstract: The inner drum exposure apparatus records an image by scanning a recording material held on an arcuate inner peripheral surface of a support with a light beam that is emitted from a light source and modulated in accordance with image information and deflected by a total reflection mirror plane of a rotatably driven scanning device such as a spinner. The scanning device includes a first cylindrical lens for condensing the incident light beam incident into the total reflection mirror plane along a first plane containing an optical axis of the light beam and a second cylindrical lens for scattering the light beam along a second plane orthogonal to the first plane. The incident light beam is shaped into a beam spot of an elliptical configuration whose major axis is orthogonal to a beam deflecting/scanning direction by the first and second cylindrical lenses.

Abstract: An assembly for an image capture device comprises an imaging lens, an optical spacer comprising at least one reflective surface and physically integrated with the imaging lens, and a photo-sensing system physically integrated with the optical spacer.

Abstract: In a projection display device that is provided with a relay lens for converting flux that is emitted from a light source to a parallel flux for illuminating an image display element (DMD), and a total internal reflection prism for both directing flux that is emitted from the relay lens to the DMD and directing flux that is reflected by the DMD toward a projection lens, the relay lens is unified with the prism as a lens-integral prism by bonding the relay lens to the total internal reflection surface of the prism.

Abstract: A brightness enhancing structure for a reflective display. A plurality of transparent hemi-beads form a film substantially covering and protruding inwardly from the structure's inward surface. A corresponding plurality of microstructured toroidal lenses are provided on the structure's outward side. Each lens is optically coupled to an adjacent one of the hemi-beads to redirect incident light rays toward the adjacent hemi-bead, such that the redirected light is totally internally reflected by the hemi-bead and reflected back in a direction approximately opposite that of the incident rays. This substantially reduces undesirable dark, non-reflective circular regions of each hemi-bead which would otherwise exist in the absence of this invention.

Abstract: Disclosed are optical systems and methods of producing obliquity corrected light beams, for example, holographic recording and retrieval systems that utilize an obliquity corrected reference beam. One method includes directing a light beam reflected from a prism mirror to a reference plane with an angle of incidence to the reference plane, wherein the prism mirror varies the width of the light beam according to the angle of incidence to the reference plane. The optical system may include a holographic data storage system and the reference plane may be associated with a holographic storage medium.

Abstract: An image forming optical device to form an image of optical light having prism shaped first and second optical devices. The first optical device has a first interface to pass the optical light into the first optical device, a first reflect interface to reflect the optical light from the first interface and a first output interface to output the optical light from the first reflect interface. The second optical device has a second interface to pass the optical light from the first output interface, a second reflect interface to reflect the optical light from the second interface and a second output interface to output the optical light from the second reflect interface. An optical axis of the optical light passing through the first interface is parallel to an optical axis of the optical light passing though the second output interface.

Abstract: A light redirecting article redirects light toward a target angle. The light redirecting article has an input surface for accepting incident illumination over a range of incident angles and an output surface with a plurality of light redirecting structures, each light redirecting structure having an internal reflection surface oriented at a first angle with respect to the plane of the input surface and an exit surface for emitting an output light at an emitted light angle, wherein the exit surface is oriented at a second angle relative the plane of the input surface. For incident illumination at a principal angle greater than 60 degrees from normal, light is reflected from the internal reflection surface and emitted from the exit surface at an emitted light angle that is within 5 degrees of the target angle.

Abstract: A system for the laser beam deflection for optical measuring systems includes an optical element for the deflection of an incident laser beam and a driving unit for generating a rotational movement between the optical element and the incident laser beam in order to deflect the laser beam in different successive directions. The optical element includes at least two segments for the deflection of the incident laser beam by one fixed deflection angle respectively. During the rotational movement, the laser beam successively impinges on the different segments. The optical element has a disk-shaped or ring-shaped design, and the segments are wedge-shaped with inclined surfaces. In the case of a method for the laser beam deflection, a laser beam impinging in an offset manner with respect to the axis of rotation is deflected during a time period by each segment into precisely one defined direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for manipulating a path of a beam includes a first wedge and a second wedge. The first wedge includes a first refractive surface and a second refractive surface. The second wedge includes a third refractive surface adjacent to the second refractive surface, and a reflective surface. The beam refracts at the first refractive surface, refracts at the second refractive surface, refracts at the third refractive surface, reflects from reflective surface, refracts at the third refractive surface, refracts at the second refractive surface, refracts at the first refractive surface. At least one of the first wedge and the second wedge can be rotated so that the beam exiting the apparatus can be oriented substantially orthogonal to the beam entering the apparatus.

Abstract: It comprises a first prism (10, 10a, 10b), with triangular base, on which is arranged at least one second transparent prism (2, 11) the combination defining a prismatic body which is arranged on the stereoscopic pair so that, when the user's eyes (13, 14) are positioned in front of the upper face of the prismatic body, each eye visualises the corresponding stereogram (3, 4) via the upper face of the prismatic body, reproducing the three-dimensional vision effect. In an embodiment of the invention the second prism (2, 11) is triangular and provision has been made for a third prism (12, 15) of identical configuration to the above, in which case the stereoscopic photographs/images (3, 4) are divided into halves A, B, C, D which are duly arranged for achieving three-dimensional visualisation. It comprises illumination equipment (5), some lenses (8, 8a) and a directional filter (9).

Abstract: An optical element is provided that may be used for collecting optical radiation incident at large angles of incidence. The element may include a grating window formed of grating elements that may collect large incident angle radiation and reflect that radiation, e.g., under total internal reflection in a substantially normal direction. A lens or lens array may be used to collect the internally reflected radiation and focus that radiation to a detector. Example detectors include infrared detectors. The element may be formed to collect, reflect, and redirect optical radiation incident at angles above 45° as measured from a surface normal to a detector oriented substantially at normal incidence. The detected signal from the optical element may be used to control systems within an aircraft or other vehicle capable of flight.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to make a viewing unit of the image display compact so that it can be mounted on portable telephones or information terminals. The portable image display of the invention comprises a speaker portion, a microphone portion, an image display device 9 and a viewing optical system for forming an exit pupil to view an image displayed on the image display device and having a generally positive refracting power. The viewing optical system is constructed of at least one prism member 10 comprising an entrance surface through which a light beam emanating from the image display device 9 is entered into the prism, at least one reflecting surface at which the light beam is reflected within the prism and an exit surface through which the light beam leaves the prism. The at least one reflecting surface has a curved surface shape for imparting power to a light beam.

Abstract: A light incident on one side surface of a prism is reflected twice between an inner surface of the other side surfaced of the prism and an inner surface of the one side surface of the prism. The reflected light is emitted from the rear surface of the prism to form an image on an image pickup element through the image pickup lens. A first reflective member disposed on a substantially entire other side surface of the prism totally reflects the light incident on the inner surface of the other side prism. A second reflective member disposed on an area, of the one side surface of the prism, in which the light incident on the inner surface of the one side prism is not totally reflected totally reflects the light incident on the inner surface of the one side prism.