Abstract: Footwear with a powerful arch spring made with spring boards that can be utilized by the heel and ball of the foot areas during impact for efficient energy storage and return during walking, running and other forms of self propelled locomotion. The spring boards can extend into the toe area of the footwear to create a toe spring with efficient energy storage and return. Embodiments of the present invention combine the spring boards which are excellent for storing and returning energy with a shock absorbing material which can also function as a secondary spring in order to achieve high efficiency energy returns while maintaining comfort and stability with the footwear.

Abstract: An energy-return shoe system includes a shoe portion for containing a user's foot, an upper sole with an upper toe sole area and an upper heel sole area, the upper sole affixed to a bottom surface of the shoe portion and the upper sole capable of bending at a point between the upper toe sole area and the upper heel sole area. A lower sole has a lower toe sole area and a lower heel sole area; the lower sole is also capable of bending at a point between the lower toe sole area and the lower heel sole area. The upper toe sole area is linked to the lower toe sole area by linkages that hold the upper toe sole area is held parallel to the lower toe sole area. The upper heel sole area is linked to the lower heel sole area by linkages that hold the upper heel sole area is held parallel to the lower heel sole area and the upper heel sole area is held in a same horizontal position with respect to the lower heel sole area.

Abstract: The invention relates to footwear comprising a sole and an upper, which sole is attached to spring means supported on a ground surface, which spring means comprise at least one U-shaped spring element, which is connected to the sole with a first leg and which is supported on the ground surface with the other leg. A drawback of such footwear is that the spring means are constructed with a certain overmeasure in relation to the footwear so as to generate a certain useful spring effect. Adjusting the spring means of said known footwear is complex and cannot be done efficiently. The object of the invention is to provide improved footwear as referred to in the introduction, as well as improved spring means according to the invention, with on the one hand small constructional dimensions whilst retaining an advantageous spring effect, which is furthermore easier to adjust.

Abstract: A midsole structure of a sole assembly for a shoe improves a ride feeling and stability of the midfoot portion of the sole assembly during running. The sole assembly 1 of the shoe includes an upper plate 3 disposed on an upper side of a midfoot portion M and formed of a hard elastic member, a lower plate 4 disposed under the upper plate 3, wherein the lower plate is formed of a hard elastic member and has a downwardly convexedly curved shape that forms a void S relative to the upper plate, a midfoot outsole 6 attached on a bottom surface 4a of the lower plate 4, having a ground contact surface 6a, and provided discretely in the longitudinal direction from an outsole 5 of a heel portion H and an outsole 7 of a forefoot portion F of the sole assembly 1, and connections 8, 9 provided on front and rear ends of the midfoot portion M and interconnecting the upper plate 3 with the lower plate 4 in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A sole construction for supporting at least a portion of a human foot and for providing energy storage and return is provided. The sole construction includes a generally horizontal layer of stretchable material, at least one chamber positioned adjacent a first side of the layer, and at least one actuator positioned adjacent a second side of the layer vertically aligned with a corresponding chamber. Each actuator has a footprint size smaller than that of the corresponding chamber, and is sized and arranged to provide individual support to the bones of the human foot. The support structure when compressed causes the actuator to push against the layer and move the layer at least partially into the corresponding chamber. In one embodiment, dual action energy storage and rebound is provided by using a plurality of actuators that move both upwardly and downwardly into corresponding chambers.

Abstract: Impact attenuating/spring systems may include first and second body portions and at least one spring member at least partially included between the body portions. The spring member(s) may substantially enclose and/or be pivotally engaged with the body portion(s). The components of the impact attenuating and spring element may be arranged such that when a force is applied to the body portion(s), the spring member(s) will exert a counter force to urge the impact attenuating and spring element back toward its original orientation. The spring members may include one or more polymeric element that stretches under a tensile force. The impact attenuating and spring elements may be included in a piece of footwear or other device in a manner such that a user or a retailer (or others) can select an appropriate spring member (or portion thereof), e.g., depending on characteristics of the user or the intended use.

Abstract: An article of footwear with a shock absorbing heel system is disclosed. The heel system includes a lower heel plate, a set of support members, and an upper heel plate. Also, the heel system includes a heel cover configured to hide the upper heel plate from view. The lower heel plate is associated with a cantilever portion that supports the upper heel plate laterally. As force is applied to the heel system, the support members may compress slightly and the cantilever portion may lower, absorbing energy and or shocks applied by the ground.

Abstract: Embodiments of footwear, in particular, a shoe, sandal or boot, may reduce the effort and improve the performance of walking, running, hiking, marching, and various other gaits as well as jumping, hopping, and other motion involving the ankle and lower leg and Achilles tendon, through integration of force-carrying mechanisms within footwear that manage the forces and energy associated with such motion by productively harvesting and storing energy during dorsiflexion motion and releasing and returning energy during plantar flexion. One structural element of such footwear may comprise a top collar yoke having anterior and posterior gussets forming a channel and a shoe comprising a rotation zone supporting the channel and an elastomeric zone forming a tension spring via an elastomeric overlay or otherwise providing a spring-like member approximately parallel to and to assist the Achilles tendon during locomotion.

Abstract: Impact-attenuation systems, e.g., for use in footwear, can help control foot positioning during a step cycle, e.g., to help reduce or eliminate misorientation of the foot, and the fatigue and/or strain that may result from such misorientation. Articles of footwear including such impact-attenuation systems may include: (a) an upper member; and (b) a sole structure engaged with the upper member. The sole structure may include: (i) a first impact-attenuating member located in a heel portion of the foot-supporting member, and (ii) a second, separate impact-attenuating member located at a rear, lateral heel portion. The second impact-attenuating member may be designed and/or configured to provide less resistance to an impact force as compared with the first impact-attenuating member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shoe provided with an outsole including an anti-distorting portion formed to extend from a rear portion to a front portion of the outsole to prevent the shoe from distorting, a shock-absorbing portion disposed at the rear portion of the outsole to absorb the external force applied to the heel portion of the wearer's foot when landing, and an elasticity-enhancing portion disposed at the front portion of the outsole in order to supplement actuating force using elastic force when leaving the ground. The shoe is advantageous in that it is possible to prevent the shoe from distorting while actions of landing and leaving the ground are repeated, to decrease the shock of the maximum load applied to the heel portion of the wearer's foot, and to supplement the actuating force with elastic recovery force when advancing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing the ability of a human to run and jump with comfort comparable to running barefoot on a trampoline and with control comparable to that of the unaided human form, yet with freedom from ankle-turning roll moments associated with substantial ground contact member (GCM) extension downwardly away from the sole of the foot including, a resiliently urged GCM constrained to two degrees of freedom: translation away from the sole of the user's foot and rotation about a longitudinal axis at ground level. The apparatus relates flexure of a GCM toe pressure member to comparable flexure of user's toes at the metatarsal joints. The apparatus also incorporates lower leg to ankle pivot bracing, and extends the GCM in downward direction parallel to the lower leg while mimicking user ankle articulation with parallelism-maintaining rotation about a downwardly resiliently urged transverse pivot axis similar to the user's own ankle joint for extended travel.

Abstract: A running shoe stores the shock during landing as energy and releases the stored energy when kicking off the toe portion, thereby making running and walking more efficient. The running shoe includes a shoe main body 10 into which the foot is inserted and a plate spring 5 that is large enough to cover an entire length of the shoe main body 10, is attached to a lower portion of the shoe main body 10, and is closed at a heel end portion thereof. The plate spring 5 is attached to a lower surface of the shoe main body 10 at only a toe end-side of the shoe main body 10.

Abstract: A support structure for footwear includes a longitudinally extending member to which a plurality of laterally extending supports members are secured at spaced apart locations along a length of the longitudinal member. The support structure may extend along the entire length of a footwear or may be specifically designed for the forefoot, midfoot, or hindfoot areas of a footwear. The support structure may be combined with plate-like structures or may include a plurality of longitudinally extending members. The lateral supports may extend in a generally horizontal plane or may extend in an upward or downward direction out of the horizontal plane. Furthermore, the longitudinal and lateral members may be made of different materials, or each may be made of a plurality of different materials to provide the desired characteristics of the support structure at a given location in the footwear. Different portions of the longitudinal member may be more or less flexible than the lateral supports.

Abstract: An athletic shoe includes an upper, an outsole, a pair of hinged plates, and a spring. The pair of hinged plates are attached between the outsole and the upper in a forefoot portion of the shoe, and the spring biases the plates apart, so that energy is stored and returned during a propulsion phase of a gait cycle in a human step. Foam may be disposed between the plates. A shroud may enclose an outer periphery of the plates. An adjustable torsion spring may be disposed in a hinge portion of the plates, and one or more wave springs may be disposed between the plates.

Abstract: A shoe suspension system and device are provided. In a first version of the Present Invention a device attached to an undersole of a shoe directs a spring force toward the ground in one direction and toward a heel section of the undersole of the shoe, whereby the heel section receives the spring force in an axis substantially normal to the undersole. In another version, a ground plate extends from a hinge, the hinge is attached to the shoe undersole, and a spring element is coupled at one end to the ground plane and at another end to the undersole, whereby a substantially planar orientation of undersole is supported by the device. In yet another version, a linkage including a plurality of hinges and arms is attached to a shoe undersole and directs a force toward a heel plane of the undersole.

Abstract: An insert for footwear which has improved durability and pliability and satisfies a thumb test of pliability when exposed along the sides of the footwear. The insert comprises a compressible core at least partially surrounded by a flexible casing. The flexible casing has an open window of a size which is sufficient for insertion of the compressible core into the flexible casing but leaving sufficient material to hold the compressible core. The peripheral portion of the flexible casing is spaced from at least a portion of the peripheral surface of the compressible core, while not interfering with the foot applying pressure to the compressible core. A method for making the insert is also provided.

Abstract: Engaging elements may be included in foot-receiving devices, such as footwear, bindings, clips, or the like. Such elements may include a bimodal spring member movable between two independent stable positions and an arm that moves in response to the bimodal spring member changing between its stable positions. The engaging elements additionally may include a retaining element extending from the arm and/or an arm/bimodal spring interface that induces changes in position of the arm in response to the bimodal spring member changing its stable position. The bimodal spring member, the arm, the retaining element, and/or the arm/bimodal spring interface may form an integral unit. Additionally, methods of engaging a foot-receiving device with a user's foot are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shoe, and more particularly to a shoe including a mid-sole groove formed at a mid-sole, a texon hole formed at a texon, and an impact absorption member inserted between the mid-sole and the texon hole so that the shoe can absorb impact exerted on user's knees and ankles while the user walks or exercises, thereby protecting them.

Abstract: An element forming at least part of a midsole for footwear includes a top portion, a bottom portion, and at least two strut members disposed between the top and bottom plates for supporting the top plate a distance away from the bottom plate. The top, bottom and struts may be formed of different materials. Adjacent strut members have a C shaped cross-section facing in the same direction when the midsole resting its top or bottom portion is viewed from the side. The midsole element may further comprise a heel cleft to increase the flexibility of the sole. In a preferred embodiment, the strut members on the medial side are arranged at an angle to the strut members on the lateral side of the sole. The directional design provides flexibility and stiffness anisotropically to the sole in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the sole respectively.

Abstract: Footwear including a foot support member and a sole assembly, the sole assembly having a first end and a second end, comprising a plurality of separate insole segments attached to the foot support member for bending the sole assembly, an outsole portion forming the base of the sole assembly, and a plurality of springs engaged between the insole segments and the outsole portion. The springs are arranged in a continuous series across the sole assembly from the first end to the second end, such that the springs exert a constant rebounding force on and across the sole of a user in series throughout a pace cycle.

Abstract: An outer sole includes an upper sole, a tread layer disposed below the upper sole, and a resilient mid-sol disposed between the upper sole and the tread layer. The mid-sole resists compression under load, and comprises at least one floating hinge extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the sole. Each floating hinge includes an upper resilient convex leaf spring, a lower resilient convex leaf spring, and a U-spring joining the leaf springs together. Each leaf spring has a root and a head opposite the root. Each U-spring has a pair of integrally-formed legs, each upper leaf spring is integrally formed at the root thereof with the upper sole, and each lower leaf spring is integrally formed at the root thereof with the tread layer. The leaf springs of each floating hinge are integrally joined at their heads to one of the legs of the associated U-spring.

Abstract: A shoe for improving use efficiency through reduction of neuromuscular fatigue. The shoe comprising a midsole with a suspension element and a hinge.

Abstract: A removable insole for insertion into footwear, includes a lower layer made of a viscoelastic gel and including a lower surface, an upper surface, a toe portion, a heel portion and a medial arch portion interconnecting the toe portion and the heel portion, a first recess formed in the lower surface of the toe portion and a second recess formed in the lower surface of the heel portion, each recess having a peripheral side wall and a top wall, a plurality of thin, parallel, spaced apart sinusoidal wave shaped spring walls formed from the viscoelastic gel and connected to the top wall and the peripheral side wall in each recess, and the spring walls having lower edges generally coplanar with a lower surface of the toe portion and heel portion which is in surrounding relation to the respective recess; and a top cover secured to the upper surface of the lower layer.

Abstract: A shock absorbing device for a shoe sole according to the present invention comprises: an outer sole 2; a midsole M that is disposed above the outer sole 2; and a deformation element 3 disposed between the outer sole 2 and the midsole M. The deformation element 3 is joined to the bottom surface of the midsole M and is joined to the upper surface of the outer sole 2. The deformation element has a tubular part 30 in a flat tubular form, and Young's modulus of a material constituting the tubular part 30 is greater than both that of a material constituting the midsole M and that of a material constituting the outer sole 2. The tubular part has a lower portion that is curved so as to be convex downwards and thereby undergoes bending deformation due to a shock at landing.

Abstract: According to the principles of the first embodiment of the present invention, a midsole of a shoe comprising an integral midsole, an outer sole with transparent discs, a board last of tractable stiffness; a mechanical spring located within the midsole; and, an upper shoe body. The shoe being capable of providing line-of-sight viewing of the internally mounted contrivances for structural monitoring throughout the life of the shoe so as to improve durability, process of making comfort and acceptability.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a custom article of footwear, a method of making the same, and a method of conducting retail and Internet business. In particular, the components of the custom article of footwear can be selected from a wide range of options, and they can be easily removed and replaced, as desired.

Abstract: A footwear sole includes a plurality of shock absorbing elements that extend from upper and lower plates. In one embodiment, the shock absorbing elements include a plurality of receptacles extending from the lower plate and a plurality of protrusions extending from the upper plate. Each protrusion is associated with one receptacle, and a portion of each protrusion extends into the receptacle. A resilient sleeve surrounds each associated protrusion and receptacle. In another embodiment, a plurality of shock absorbing elements extend from a bridge on one of the upper and lower plates.

Abstract: An article of footwear includes an upper and a sole assembly secured to the upper and including a support assembly. The support assembly includes a plate positioned beneath the upper and a plurality of transversely extending elliptical tubular members positioned beneath the plate. At least one of the tubular members is formed of a first portion, a second portion spaced from the first portion by a first longitudinal gap, and a third portion spaced from the second portion by a second longitudinal gap.

Abstract: A method of making a shoe, said shoe having an interior sole (10) and an outsole (8) being integrally moulded onto an upper (1) with an insole (4), comprising the following steps: providing of a last (30) having a wedge-shaped recess (32) is its heel area, said recess being defined by a projecting rib (33), providing an upper (1) with an insole (4) on the last (30), said insole (4) being provided with a hole (7) in the heel area, arranging the lower part of the last provided with the upper (1) and the insole (4) in a mould (34), injecting a plastic material into a closed mould cavity formed by the last and the mould, allowing the injected material to harden, whereby the rib (32) of the last (30) forms a corresponding groove (12) between the interior sole (10) and the inner face of the upper (1), removing the upper (1) with the moulded-on soles (8, 10) from the last (30), providing a separately formed insert (13) of a shape substantially corresponding to the shape of the groove (12) and placing the insert in t

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a shoe sole having functions of correcting a gait, of absorbing shocks, and of mitigating partial side wear of the sole. The shoe sole according to the present invention includes a main sole, which has a front foot part provided with a soft front midsole and a front outsole, and has a rear foot part provided with a hard rear midsole. The shoe sole further includes a subsidiary sole. The subsidiary sole includes an elastic member, a rear outsole, which is coupled to the lower end of the elastic member, and a connection member, which is provided on the upper end of the elastic member. The connection member has an internal threaded part, which couples the connection member to the rear midsole, and stop protrusions, which are provided around the internal threaded part. The shoe sole further includes a coupling support, which is provided under the rear midsole. Stop holes corresponding to respective stop protrusions are formed in the coupling support.

Abstract: A show sole includes a bellows portion located at the heel section of the sole and compressible space is defined in the bellows portion. A spring unit is located in the compressible space. At least one escape hole is defined through a wall of the bellows portion. An insole is mounted to the sole and seals the compressible space. Multiple pipes extend from the compressible space and each has two open ends. One of the two open ends of each pipe communicates with the compressible space. When the compressible space is compressed, the air in the compressible space flows through the pipes and the escape hole. When the force is released from the compressible space, the air outside the shoe is sucked into the compressible space.

Abstract: Impact-attenuation members, e.g., for use in footwear or other foot-receiving devices, include: (a) a first body member having a base region and three (or more) leg portions extending from the base region. A second body member, with similar leg portions, may be arranged facing the first member such that the free ends of the various leg portions lie adjacent one another. A retaining member may extend between and/or at least partially around the body members to at least partially hold them in place with respect to one another. Such impact-attenuation systems may be arranged in the heel (or other portions) of an article of footwear.

Abstract: Impact-attenuation members include body portions, optionally with an arched structure, that define a base orientation and an open space; and a spring member extending across the open space and engaging the body portion(s). When a force is applied to the body portion(s) in at least some orientations and/or directions of incident force, e.g., so as to change the impact-attenuation member out of its base orientation, the spring member may exert a force that urges the impact-attenuation member back toward the base orientation. Various example structures for the impact-attenuation member are described. Such impact-attenuation members may be used in articles of footwear or other foot-receiving device products.

Abstract: Engaging elements may be included in foot-receiving devices, such as footwear, bindings, clips, or the like. Such elements may include a bimodal spring member movable between two independent stable positions and an arm that moves in response to the bimodal spring member changing between its stable positions. The engaging elements additionally may include a retaining element extending from the arm and/or an arm/bimodal spring interface that induces changes in position of the arm in response to the bimodal spring member changing its stable position. The bimodal spring member, the arm, the retaining element, and/or the arm/bimodal spring interface may form an integral unit. Additionally, methods of engaging a foot-receiving device with a user's foot are disclosed.

Abstract: In a shock absorber type sports shoes for balance which is equipped with a coil type spring between a sole of a body forming a shoe and an elastic sole, there is provided a shock absorber type sports shoes for balance characterized in that a spring fixing member is provided in an upper end or a lower end of a spring and is equipped with a protrusion on which an end of the spring is wound on its center and is supported by the same, with a spring end insertion groove being formed along a circumference of the same in order for the end of the spring to be mounted and engaged to the same, and the spring fixing member is fixedly engaged into an engaging groove formed in the elastic sole.

Abstract: Impact-attenuating elements, e.g., for use in footwear or other foot-receiving device products, may include: (a) a base member, such as a fluid-tight and/or other fluid-filled or fluid-containing enclosure element; (b) a support element integrally and contiguously formed in a surface of the base member; and/or (c) a spring device engaged with the support element. The support element and its corresponding spring device (if any) may include a non-planar surface (e.g., substantially parabolic shaped, cylindrically shaped, etc.) that extends in a direction into the base member and toward its opposite surface. The support element and its corresponding spring device (if any) also may include reinforcing structure(s), such as raised ribs extending along a surface of the support element and/or spring device.

Abstract: An athletic shoe is provided with a selectively adjustable shock-absorbing element. In one preferred aspect, a plate is provided with a plurality of independently moveable portions in contact with the shock-absorbing element. In another aspect, a plate is provided at an angle relative to a coil spring. A method is provided for adjusting a shock-absorbing spring.

Abstract: An article of footwear including an upper and a sole assembly secured to the upper and including a support assembly having an upper member and a lower member spaced from the upper member. A first layer is positioned beneath and in contact with the upper member and has a wave shaped profile with a plurality of first wave crests and first wave troughs. A second layer is positioned above the lower member and has a wave shaped profile with a plurality of second wave crests and second wave troughs.

Abstract: An improved resilient shoe includes a heel having a cavity extending under the instep portion of the shoe's upper housing compression springs, a mainspring located at approximately the heelstrike point and two auxiliary springs for stability located forward of the mainspring toward the toe. The action of the springs is distributed throughout the sole by a resilient layer of softer rubber in the bottom pad of the heel portion. In an alternate embodiment, the structural walls of the heel portion are configured such that the heel flexes responsive to the forces of the wearer's weight and the captive springs. The shoe is preferably further configured such that external air enters around the wearer's foot and flows through holes in the sole and into the heel, and is controllably directed out to the exterior of the shoe through a one-air air exhaust valve thereby ventilating the wearer's foot while walking.

Abstract: Impact-attenuation members, e.g., for use in footwear or other foot-receiving devices, include: (a) a first body member having a base region and three (or more) leg portions extending from the base region. A second body member, with similar leg portions, may be arranged facing the first member such that the free ends of the various leg portions lie adjacent one another. A retaining member may extend between and/or at least partially around the body members to at least partially hold them in place with respect to one another. Such impact-attenuation systems may be arranged in the heel (or other portions) of an article of footwear.

Abstract: Disclosed is a shoe provided with at least one elastic body, which is combined with the outer sole thereof, so that friction induced in the shoe itself can be reduced, thereby enhancing the endurance of the shoe, and the shock absorption efficiency of the shoe becomes excellent, thereby allowing walking to be easier. The inventive shoe provided with at least one elastic body includes a plate-type outer sole protection sheath (21), a plate-type elastic body (22) stacked on the outer sole protection sheath (21), an outer sole body (23) stacked on the entire area on the top of the outer sole protection sheath (21) including the top of the plate-type elastic body (22), and a block type elastic body complementarily fitted in the outer sole body (23).

Abstract: The invention relates to a sliding element for a shoe sole. The sliding element includes an upper sliding surface and a lower sliding surface, wherein the lower sliding surface is arranged below the upper sliding surface so as to be slideable in at least two directions. The upper sliding surface can form a lower side of an upper heel cup and the lower sliding surface can form an upper side of a lower heel cup, wherein the upper heel cup and the lower heel cup have corresponding substantially spherical shapes. Complex multi-dimensional sliding and cushioning movements between the upper sliding surface and the lower sliding surface are made possible by the corresponding three-dimensional shapes of the two substantially spherical surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shoe sole including a cushioning element. The shoe sole can include a heel cup or heel rim having a shape that substantially corresponds to the shape of heel of a foot. Further, the heel part can include a plurality of side walls arranged below the heel cup or rim and at least one tension element that interconnects at least one side wall to another side wall or to the heel cup or rim. The heel cup or rim, the plurality of side walls, and the at least one tension element can be integrally formed as a single piece.

Abstract: A component for supporting a wearer's foot. The heel support includes a flexible central plate joined at its periphery to one or more tubular portions. The heel support provides cushioning without the need for an air-tight enclosure in the rear sole of a shoe.

Abstract: A sole structure is provided that can improve cushioning and bending properties of the sole heel portion. The sole assembly 1 is formed of an upper plate 2 disposed on the upper side of the heel portion H, a wavy lower plate 3 provided below the upper plate 2 in the heel portion H and having at least two convex portions 30, 31 that protrude downwardly and that are adapted to form voids C relative to the upper plate 2, and a plurality of cleats that are provided on the lower surfaces of the convex portions of the lower plate and/or a cleat that is provided between adjacent convex portions of the lower plate.

Abstract: A cushioning system for a shoe includes an insert having a top surface, an opposite bottom surface, the bottom surface having a heel portion, an arch portion, and a ball portion. At least one spring is connected to the heel portion of the bottom surface, and an arch support is connected to the arch portion of the bottom surface. In an embodiment of the invention, an arch support module covers the heel and arch portions of the bottom surface, and carries a plurality of heel springs and the arch support.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a footwear sole. The footwear sole includes a coupling seat, a connector and a locking pin. The coupling seat protrudes from the lower surface of a rear midsole, and includes a through hole in a central portion thereof, a locking recess formed around the through hole, and at least four pin slits formed at regular intervals. The connector is coupled to the top of the coil spring, and includes a locking protrusion corresponding to the locking recess, an internal threaded part, and a spring seat provided along an edge of an upper surface of the connector. The locking pin is provided at an end of the top of the spring, and protrudes to be fitted into an associated pin slit.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved shoe structure to improve the sport efficiency and the wearing comfort of the user. The shoe structure comprises a base portion and a cover portion, wherein a plurality of flexible devices, such as springs, are formed within the base portion of the shoe structure to provide a load-bearing function. The shoe structure of the present invention is designed not only to provide comfort but also to bear a high load of weight such that the foot of the user can be protected by minimizing the impact force produced from the ground when the user steps or jumps on the ground. A plurality of air gaps are formed within the shoe structure to circulate the air within the shoe structure so that the foot of the user can keep dry and active in a clear environment.

Abstract: Footwear with energy accumulation is presented. In a first version, the footwear comprises a sole, back, associated therewith, and fixation means coupled with the sole and back for securing a user's foot on the sole. The sole and back are disposed at an initial angle exceeding 90° therebetween, and form a leaf spring, while being arms of the spring. Alternatively, the leaf spring is made separate from the sole and back, having two arms respectively coupled with them. In a second version, the footwear comprises a sole including a frontal portion and a rear portion, the frontal portion is formed as a console spring downwardly bent out and cantileveredly secured to the rear portion, and fixation means for securing the user's foot on the sole, coupled therewith and depressing the front part of the foot against the spring. The portions are disposed at an initial angle therebetween less than 180°.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sports shoe, with a damping element (3). To improve the spring constant of the damping element, the damping element (3) has an, upper group (4) of damping bodies (5) and a lower group (9) of damping bodies (10), each having a substantial U-shaped cross section. The upper damping bodies (5) have two legs (6, 7) which are connected with a connection section (8). The lower damping bodies (10) have two legs (11, 12) which are connected with a connection section (13). An intermediate carrier (14) is arranged between damping bodies (5; 10) and legs (6, 7; 11, 12). Adjacent legs (6, 7; 11, 12) of the respective damping bodies (5; 10) are connected at a location of conjunction (15, 16) and the locations of conjunction (15, 16) of the upper and of the lower damping bodies (5; 10) are offset in longitudinal direction (L).