Abstract: A protection circuit against excess power includes a power supply, a converter, a voltage divider, a comparison module, and a switch. The converter converts a first input voltage from the power supply into a first output voltage. The voltage divider divides the first output voltage into a first divided voltage. Using negative-coefficient thermistors as resistances, the first divided voltage increases when a temperature around the voltage divider increases. The comparison module compares the first divided voltage to a preset voltage and outputs a first or a second signal corresponding to the result of the comparison. The switch allows the power supply to continue operating or to shut down according to the first or to the second signal.

Abstract: A power measurement and protection apparatus includes a first connector, a second connector, a setting element, a power setting unit, a power measurement unit, a control unit, and a switch. The first connector is electrically connected to an electronic device. The second connector is electrically connected to a power supply. The power setting unit sets a reference power according to signals input by the setting element, and outputs the reference power to the control unit. The electronic device is powered by the power supply through the second connector, the switch, and the first connector in that order. The power measurement unit measures an actual power of the electronic device, and outputs the actual power to the control unit. The control unit turns off the switch to stop the electronic device from being powered by the power supply, when the actual power is greater than the reference power.

Abstract: Systems and methods (“utility”) are provided for reducing the no-load (standby) power of power devices such as chargers for electronic devices and power converters for electronic devices. The utility may include a controllable switch that is operative to decouple circuitry of the power device from a power source under certain no-load conditions. In one embodiment, the utility provides a switch control module that is operative to sense when an electronic device is coupled to the power device, and in response, to control the switch to couple the power device to the power source. The switch control module may also be operative to detect a condition when the electronic device is no longer drawing power from the power device, and in response, to control the switch to decouple the power device from the power source.

Abstract: A fault current limiter includes a rectifier having AC terminals and direct current (DC) terminals, the AC terminals to be coupled to an AC power source and a load. The fault current limiter further includes a DC diode coupled in parallel across the DC terminals of the rectifier and a DC reactor coupled to the DC diode. When an AC current drawn from the AC power source is less than a predetermined threshold, the DC diode is in a forward bias state to allow the AC current flowing to the load through the DC diode. When the AC current drawn from the AC power source is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the DC diode is in a reverse bias state, forcing the AC current to flow to the load through the DC reactor.

Abstract: Systems (100), power modules (108), and methods for using in controlling a converter (110) coupled between a power generator (104) and an electric grid (102). A power module (108) includes the converter (110) configured to supply the output from the power generator (104) to the electric grid (102) and a controller (112) coupled to the converter (110) and configured to disable the converter (110) in response to a grid fault event, to identify the type or the grid fault event after a first predetermined interval from disabling the converter (110), and to enable switching of the converter (110), when the type of the grid fault event is identified as a low voltage condition.

Abstract: A system for providing alternating current to at least one inductive load, the system including at least one switching means for switching power to the load on and off, controller adapted for controlling the at least one switching means and a pre-magnetization device, wherein the pre-magnetization device is configured to generate pulses which cause the switching means to pre-magnetize the inductive load.

Abstract: An output-stage circuit is disclosed. The output-stage circuit includes high-side output driver, first body selector, low-side output driver, second body selector and inductance. When output current is larger than current threshold value so as to make the low-side output driver generate overcurrent, the low-side output driver controlled by second control signal is disabled, and the high-side output driver controlled by first control signal is enabled so as to create first current channel. When output current is larger than current threshold value so as to make the high-side output driver generate overcurrent, the high-side output driver controlled by the first control signal is disabled, and the low-side output driver controlled by the second control signal is enabled so as to create second current channel to avoid current flowing through low-side output driver's body, and thus reduce the output current and voltage spiking of the output voltage.

Abstract: It is presented a gate control circuit comprising: a main gate unit arranged to supply, via a plurality of main gate unit outputs, a gate signal to respective gates of a plurality of power switches, for controlling a main current; and an auxiliary gate unit comprising an optical power converter for converting incoming optical power to an auxiliary electrical gate signal. The auxiliary gate unit is arranged to, when a failure occurs in one of the plurality of power switches, provide the auxiliary electrical gate signal to respective gates of any of the plurality of power switches still being in operation. A corresponding power module and method are also presented.

Abstract: A switched mode power supply (SMPS) is disclosed. The SMPS includes a mechanism for discharging charge stored in an input capacitor, upon the SMPS becoming disconnection from the mains, for instance by being unplugged. The SMPS includes a detector for detecting the disconnection of the mains, and a discharge circuit. The discharge circuit comprises a discharge element. The discharge element may be a part of the SMPS which is used otherwise, for instance, a high-voltage current source, or a bus capacitor or it may be an additional element, for instance a resistance load. The discharge circuit is adapted for, in response to the detector detecting a disconnection of the mains, discharging the input capacitor along a path. The detector controls a switch which engages the discharge circuit upon the detection. The switch forms a part of the discharge path.

Abstract: In an electric power conversion system having a discharge control device capable of discharging a voltage charged in a capacitor to a voltage of not more than a predetermined voltage, a linear regulator decreases a voltage of the capacitor and outputs the decreased voltage to a drive unit at a bottom arm in a U phase. A flyback converter for discharging use inputs an output of the linear regulator, and outputs electric power to a drive unit at an upper arm in the U phase. When detecting that own vehicle collides with an obstacle, the discharge control device starts to execute discharge control of the capacitor by turning off a photo coupler and turning on the linear regulator.

Abstract: An electrical system having at least one load that is protected by a protective device, where a tripping parameter, i.e., a tripping current of the protective device can be set. A control unit is provided to which a measured current value of the current consumed by the at least one load is supplied, where the control unit generates a limit value, which is provided to the protective device for setting a tripping parameter as a function of the characteristic curve of the measured current value. The control unit thus permits ongoing adjustment of the tripping parameters, i.e., the release current, according to the actual operating conditions.

Abstract: A switching mode power supply apparatus includes a conversion unit to convert input power into output power having a predetermined voltage by performing a switching operation, a light emitting unit to emit light if the voltage of the output power exceeds a predetermined threshold voltage, a light receiving unit to receive the light emitted from the light emitting unit and output a signal indicative of the voltage of the output power, a switching controller to control the switching operation of the conversion unit according to the voltage of the output power indicated by the signal output from the light receiving unit, and a disconnection unit to disconnect power applied to the light receiving unit if a voltage of the power applied to the light receiving unit exceeds a predetermined trigger voltage.

Abstract: A DC/AC inverter substrate includes a voltage abnormality detector circuit. All of a high voltage side detection sensor, a low voltage side detection sensor, and a high-voltage and low-voltage detection sensor in the voltage abnormality detector circuit are disposed without being electrically connected to a secondary side of a transformer or to a connection point. Those detection sensors are not damaged since overvoltage is not applied to the voltage abnormality detector circuit when abnormal discharge occurs because the detection sensors are not electrically connected.

Abstract: A DC electrical power system has a power generator converter system, a positive supply rail extending from the converter system, a negative supply rail extending from the converter system, and a midpoint earthing arrangement operatively connecting to the supply rails. The earthing arrangement is connected to earth by a solid earth connection. The network further has a first protective device on one of the supply rails which in case of a fault is operable to interrupt current flowing on that rail, and a second protective device on the earthing arrangement which in case of a fault is operable to interrupt current flowing to earth through the solid earth connection.

Abstract: An exemplary protection circuit is provided to provide a controlled, latency-free, steady voltage. The circuit includes a switch module, an induction, a response module, a protection chip, and a sequence controller. The protection chip turns on the switch module when the voltage provided by a capacitor is less than a threshold voltage, thus the connection between the power supply device and the conversion circuit is enabled. The protection chip further outputs a high level signal to the sequence controller upon receiving an induction signal from the induction module. The sequence controller outputs a low level signal to the response module upon receiving the high level signal, to turn off a connection between the first end of the capacitor and ground, otherwise, a high signal is output to turn on the connection between the first end of the capacitor and ground.

Abstract: A method for eliminating an arc driven by at least one phase voltage source of a converter circuit is disclosed. The converter circuit can include a converter unit and an energy storage circuit, wherein the at least one phase voltage source can be connected on an AC voltage side of the converter unit, and the converter unit can have a plurality of actuable power semiconductor switches. The method can include monitoring a state variable of the converter circuit for a predeterminable threshold value of the state variable to detect an arc, and actuating at least one of the plurality of actuable power semiconductor switches of the converter unit upon detecting a discrepancy between the state variable and the predeterminable threshold value.

Abstract: A switching apparatus allows coupled coils to be dynamically switched in or out of a circuit using small control currents. The apparatus includes at least one latching circuit, one or more control circuits and diodes. The latching circuit may have two bipolar transistors connected in a transistor latch configuration with at least two diodes, such that at least one diode may be connected in series with a base of the each bipolar transistor. The control circuits may be connected to the latch circuit for operating the bipolar transistors. The diodes may be connected in the circuit for protecting the latching and control circuits from being exposed to high voltages and currents during the turn-off or turn-on of the inductor coils. This allows overall efficiency levels to be maintained while changing the inductance of the circuit as per requirements. The circuits may be used in switch mode power supplies (SMPS).

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to clamp overvoltages for inductive power transfer systems are described herein. An example overvoltage protection circuit is described, including a first terminal configured to receive an alternating current signal for conversion to a second signal, a capacitor, a first switch configured to selectively electrically couple the capacitor to the first terminal based on an overvoltage detection signal to reduce an overvoltage on the second signal, and an overvoltage detector. The example overvoltage detector is configured to determine a signal level of the second signal and, in response to determining that the signal level of the second signal is greater than a threshold, to output the overvoltage detection signal to cause the switch to electrically couple the capacitor between the first terminal and a second terminal.

Abstract: There is provided a switching regulator including an overcurrent protection circuit which is able to automatically return from an overcurrent state. The switching regulator includes an error amplification circuit which amplifies a difference between a feedback voltage and a reference voltage based on an output voltage and outputs the amplified difference; a PWM comparator which compares an output of the error amplification circuit with an output of a triangular wave oscillation circuit, and controls an output transistor; an overcurrent detection circuit which monitors a load current flowing through a load connected to an output terminal, detects that the load current is an overcurrent, and outputs an overcurrent detection signal causing a switching operation to stop; and a negative feedback control circuit which receives the overcurrent detection signal, and controls the load current to a predetermined current value.

Abstract: A power supply circuit and method for supplying power are provided. The power supply circuit includes a front end circuit, a power factor correction circuit, and a drive circuit. The front end circuit is configured to generate a direct current voltage based on an input voltage. The front end circuit includes a first surge protection circuit. The power factor correction circuit is configured to generate a driving voltage based on the generated direct current voltage. The power factor correction circuit includes a second surge protection circuit and an over-temperature protection circuit. The drive circuit is configured to generate an output voltage for a load based on the driving voltage. The drive circuit includes a third surge protection circuit, a startup circuit, and an open-circuit protection circuit.

Abstract: A circuit comprises a first conductor, a second conductor, and a first detect and disconnect circuit. The first conductor is coupled to a first power supply voltage terminal. The second conductor is positioned a first predetermined distance from the first conductor. The first detect and disconnect circuit has a first terminal coupled to the second conductor and a second terminal coupled to a second power supply voltage terminal. The first detect and disconnect circuit detects a first electrical property change between the second conductor and the first conductor. In response to detecting the change in the first electrical property, the second conductor is disconnected from the second power supply voltage terminal. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising the circuit is also provided.

Abstract: A switching power supply circuit includes a transformer having primary, secondary and tertiary windings; a primary-side rectifying-and-smoothing circuit that converts AC power to DC power then smoothes it; a secondary-side rectifying-and-smoothing circuit that smoothes secondary-side power; a tertiary-side rectifying-and-smoothing circuit that smoothes power from the tertiary winding; a switching circuit that switches the primary winding; a pulse width control circuit that controls the switching of the switching circuit; an output-error detecting circuit that detects a deviation of a secondary-side DC output voltage from a reference voltage; and a ripple-voltage detecting-and-controlling circuit that detects a ripple-voltage of the secondary-side DC output voltage and stop-controls the output-error detecting circuit, wherein a stop-control signal from the ripple-voltage detecting-and-controlling circuit causes the output-error detecting circuit to stop outputting, then a drive signal to the switching circuit

Abstract: A power-supply unit includes a high-voltage source that generates a high voltage between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a smoothing capacitor connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a discharge portion that includes a resistor and a first switching device connected in series with each other, and is connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a discharge control portion that controls the first switching device to one of an ON state and an OFF state. When an abnormal condition in which current flows through the resistor is detected while the discharge portion controls the first switching device so as to keep the first switching device in the OFF state, the high-voltage source is controlled so as to keep generating a given high voltage for fusing the resistor.

Abstract: A power converter includes a voltage conversion unit that provides a first driving voltage at a first output electrode by converting a power supply voltage in response to a first control signal, the voltage conversion unit being configured to provide a second driving voltage at a second output electrode by converting the power supply voltage after a short detection period, the voltage conversion unit being configured to shut down in response to a third control signal, and a short detection unit that generates the third control signal by comparing a magnitude of a voltage of the second output electrode with a magnitude of a reference voltage during the short detection period.

Abstract: An AC voltage controller has two transistors which can be positioned between two AC voltage terminals in series with a load. The two transistors are connected in series in such a way that their respective source terminals are connected to one another. The AC voltage controller also contains a signal generator for generating a switching signal for actuating the two transistors, a buffer which is connected downstream of the signal generator and which is set by the signal generator in order to actuate the two transistors. An actuation circuit or driver circuit is connected downstream of the buffer, for the purpose of actuating the two transistors in accordance with the set state of the buffer. A current-limiting circuit is provided for limiting or switching off the current through the two transistors in the case of an excessively large current through the load.

Abstract: A DC-to-DC converter for transporting energy between two networks includes two or more converter circuits connected in parallel, wherein a first semiconductor switch that can be actuated as a function of a voltage drop across the first semiconductor switch is arranged in series to each converter circuit or a second semiconductor switch that can be actuated as a function of a voltage drop across the second semiconductor switch is arranged in series to each converter circuit.

Abstract: A system and method to regulate voltage is disclosed. In a particular embodiment, a voltage regulator includes an error amplifier, a voltage buffer responsive to the error amplifier, and a first transistor responsive to the voltage buffer and coupled to a voltage supply source. A second transistor is coupled to the voltage supply source and further coupled to an output node. A third transistor is coupled to the first transistor and has a gate coupled to a capacitor. The capacitor is coupled to a node between the error amplifier and the voltage buffer.

Abstract: A power supply system for a display panel includes a power supply regulator that regulates a power supply voltage of a display driver of a power supply circuit connected to the display panel, and a protection circuit that protects the display driver against an overvoltage.

Abstract: A protection circuit for a memory control chip of a computer includes a controller, a switch circuit, a memory control chip, and a delay circuit. The controller outputs a high level control signal when the computer is in a first state, and outputs a low level control signal when the computer is in a second state. The switch circuit connects or disconnects the connection between a power pin of the memory control chip and a power terminal, according to the control signal. The delay circuit imposes a predetermined time delay for receiving a high level control signal, and outputs an enable signal to an enable pin of the memory control chip to make the memory control chip operate again, after a predetermined delay.

Abstract: A circuit protection apparatus is disclosed. A peripheral interface includes a first power node and a second power node. The circuit protection apparatus includes an auxiliary power supply circuit, a power converter, a first switch, a second switch, a power switch circuit, a warning circuit, and a controller. When a load is plugged to the peripheral interface, the first switch turns on, and the controller is enabled and outputs a control signal, so as to drive the power converter to output power. When the current between input terminal and output terminal of the power switch circuit is larger than a predetermined current, the controller receives the error flag logical voltage outputted by the power switch circuit, cuts off the current between input terminal and output terminal of the power switch circuit, and stops the operations of the power converter.

Abstract: A method for monitoring an inverter module for a multi-phase electric motor/generator includes deactivating operation of the inverter module, monitoring voltage on a high-voltage bus configured to supply electric power to the inverter module, detecting occurrence of a true fault when a change in the voltage on the high-voltage bus is greater than a predetermined threshold, and detecting occurrence of a false fault when the change in the voltage on the high-voltage bus is less than the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A power supply system includes: a switching power supply; a switching unit for switching a connection state between an AC power supply and the switching power supply; an electricity storage unit; an auxiliary power supply circuit for feeding charging current to the electricity storage unit; a driving circuit for driving the switching unit; a voltage detection circuit for detecting a voltage of the AC power supply; and a control device configured to perform: an overvoltage detection process of determining whether the AC power supply is an overvoltage based on a detection value of the voltage detection circuit; and a process of, in a case where an overvoltage is detected, keeping the switching unit at a cutoff state where the alternating current power supply and the switching power supply are disconnected.

Abstract: An electronic load for testing stability of a power voltage of a power source under test (PSUT) includes a voltage supply device, a field effect transistor (FET), an amplification circuit, and a current sampling resistor. The amplification circuit includes a first input, a second input, and an output. The voltage supply device is connected to the first input. The second input is connected to a source electrode of the FET. The output is connected to a gate electrode of the FET. A drain electrode of the FET is connected to the PSUT. One end of the current sampling resistor is grounded, and the other end of the current sampling resistor is connected to the source electrode of the FET and the second input. The voltage supply device outputs a control voltage. The amplification circuit amplifies the control voltage and drives the FET using the amplified control voltage.

Abstract: The power supply apparatus includes a first power supply unit for outputting a first voltage; a second power supply unit for outputting a second voltage different from the first voltage; a switch unit operating with the first voltage, which is disposed in a power supply path connecting to the second power supply unit, for supplying and shutting down power to the second power supply unit; a detection unit for detecting that a predetermined voltage or higher is supplied to the first power supply unit; and a control unit for controlling the switch unit to stop the output of the first voltage from the first power supply unit, when the detection unit detects that the predetermined voltage or higher is supplied to the first power supply unit.

Abstract: A circuit protection device is applied to a power supply module. The circuit protection device includes a judgment module and a control module. The judgment module includes a comparing unit, a feedback unit and a reset unit. The comparing unit has an output terminal, a first input terminal and a second input terminal. The feedback unit is electrically connected to the output terminal and the first input terminal. The reset unit is electrically connected to the feedback unit and the first input terminal. The control module is electrically connected to the comparing unit and the reset unit of the judgment module. The comparing unit receives a first reference signal representing the output current of the power supply module and a second reference signal representing the output voltage of the power supply module, and outputs a judgment signal to the control module.

Abstract: Disclosed is a buck converter for converting a high voltage at the input of the buck converter to a low voltage at the output of the buck converter. The buck converter includes a control circuitry configured to control a duty cycle of a control switch, the control switch being interposed between the input and the output of the buck converter. A synchronous switch is interposed between the output and ground. The control switch and the synchronous switch comprise depletion-mode III-nitride transistors. In one embodiment, at least one of the control switch and the synchronous switches comprises a depletion-mode GaN HEMT. The buck converter further includes protection circuitry configured to disable current conduction through the control switch while the control circuitry is not powered up.

Abstract: An under voltage lockout circuit configured to set a minimum turn-on voltage for a load is provided. The circuit includes an input terminal configured to receive an input voltage. The circuit includes a first transistor configured to become conductive to supply the input voltage to the load when an input voltage to the under voltage lockout circuit exceeds a threshold, and a second transistor coupled to the first transistor, the second transistor configured to become conductive to supply the input voltage to a first resistor and not to the load when an input voltage to the under voltage lockout circuit falls below the threshold.

Abstract: A voltage regulator includes a master circuit, first and second filters, and a slave circuit. The master circuit provides a second reference voltage based on a first reference voltage and a supply voltage. The first filter provides a filtered second reference voltage based on the second reference voltage. The second filter provides a filtered supply voltage based on the supply voltage. The slave circuit provides a third reference voltage based on the filtered second reference voltage and the filtered supply voltage. The second filter includes an NMOS transistor and a capacitor. The gate and the drain of the NMOS transistor receive the supply voltage. A first terminal of the capacitor is electrically coupled to a source of the NMOS transistor. A second terminal of the capacitor is electrically coupled to ground. The source of the NMOS transistor provides the filtered supply voltage.

Abstract: An OVP system which includes a plurality of OVP circuits coupled to respective parallel-connected switching power supplies. Each OVP circuit comprises a bus voltage overvoltage detection circuit having a first output which toggles when the voltage on the common power bus exceeds a reference voltage, a modulation flag detection circuit which receives a value that varies with a parameter associated with the PWM or PFM drive signals generated for the switching power supply to which the OVP circuit is coupled and has a second output which toggles when the parameter value exceeds a reference parameter value, logic circuitry which toggles an output when both the first and second outputs toggle, and an overvoltage response circuit which initiates a course of action such as latching or shutting down the switching power supply to which the OVP circuit is coupled when the logic circuitry's output toggles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an overload and short-circuit sensing circuit and a converter protecting circuit and method. The overload and short-circuit sensing circuit includes: an overcurrent sensing unit sensing a primary current of a converter; a voltage level adjusting unit adjusting a voltage level of the sensed primary current; a rectifying unit rectifying the signal adjusted by the voltage level adjusting unit; a short-circuit sensing unit sensing a current induced to a primary side of the converter due to a short-circuit or an overcurrent at a secondary side of the converter, separately from the overcurrent sensing unit; and a delay unit delaying the signal provided from the rectifying unit and the induced current sensing signal provided from the short-circuit sensing unit and providing the delayed signals to a control circuit for protecting the converter.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for protecting a power system comprising a generator providing power to an alternating current bus, a power converter for converting alternating current power on the alternating current bus to direct current power on a direct current bus, and a direct current load powered by the direct current power on the direct current bus. An undesired condition is identified at the input to the power converter from the alternating current bus. The undesired condition is caused by at least one of the power converter, the direct current bus, or the load. The power converter is disconnected from the alternating current bus in response to identifying the undesired condition for at least a time delay. The time delay is selected such that the power converter is disconnected from the alternating current bus before the alternating current bus is disconnected from the generator due to the undesired condition.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a power system. The system includes a power switch device that is activated to provide an output voltage to a load in response to an input voltage. The power switch device includes a control terminal and a bulk connection. The system also includes a reverse voltage control circuit configured to passively couple the input voltage to one of the control terminal and the bulk connection in response to a reverse voltage condition in which an amplitude of the input voltage becomes negative. The system further includes an output shutoff circuit configured to passively couple the output voltage to a neutral-voltage rail during the reverse voltage condition.

Abstract: A switch mode power supply having an output terminal configured to provide an output voltage, the switch mode power supply has a first switch, a second switch and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to provide a first switching control signal to turn ON and turn OFF the first switch, and when the switch mode power supply works in a power saving mode, the first switch is turned ON if a voltage feedback signal is less than a reference voltage and a current flowing through the second switch is less than a bias current.

Abstract: A power supply arranged to charge a smoothing capacitance via a resistive element for soft-starting in the event that one or more conditions for normal operation are not complied with is arranged to detect that a voltage across at least part of the smoothing capacitance exceeds an excess voltage threshold and, responsive to the detecting, interrupt charging of the smoothing capacitance via the resistive element for soft-starting.

Abstract: A power supply employing a compensated threshold signal for overcurrent protection and a method for generating the compensated threshold signal are disclosed herein. Additionally, a self-adjusting overcurrent threshold circuit is provided. In one embodiment, the self-adjusting overcurrent threshold circuit includes: (1) a fixed threshold source configured to provide a constant threshold signal for the overcurrent protection circuit, (2) an analog signal processor, coupled to the fixed threshold source, configured to monitor designated parameters of the converter and generate a threshold adjustment signal based thereon and (3) a combiner configured to combine the constant threshold signal with the threshold adjustment signal to provide the compensated threshold signal.

Abstract: A boost type power converting apparatus is disclosed. The boost type power converting apparatus includes a boost type power converting circuit and a protection circuit. The boost type power converting circuit receives an input voltage and generates an output signal at an output terminal thereof according to the input voltage, and outputs the output signal to a load. The protection circuit is coupled between the boost type power converting circuit and the load in series to form an electrical loop, and turns on or off the electrical loop according to the output signal.

Abstract: A circuit breaker comprising first and second JFETs, each comprising a gate, drain and source connection, the JFETs sources being operatively connected to each other to form a common-source connection and adapted to be connected to and operating to open an external circuit when the current flowing through the JFETs exceeds a predetermined threshold, the JFETs' gates, and common-source connection being operatively connected to a gate driver circuit which causes the JFETs to turn off when the predetermined threshold is exceeded; whereupon the current flows through the common-source connection into the second gate and into the gate driver circuit which causes the gate driver circuit to turn off the first and second JFETs and open the circuit breaker. Also claimed is a method of sensing an overloaded circuit comprising leading and trailing JFETs in a circuit that open the circuit and prevent current flow when a predetermined threshold is exceeded.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments, a buck-boost circuit is contemplated which is bi-directional. That is, the buck-boost circuit be configured to produce a load voltage for a load responsive to a source voltage from a voltage source, and the buck-boost circuit may also be configured to produce a charging voltage for the voltage source responsive to a second voltage source connected to the load. In an embodiment, the buck-boost circuit may be operating in boost mode when providing the load voltage and may be operating in buck mode when providing the charging voltage.

Abstract: A current-carrying device that carries AC power, including: an adjacent portion in which the AC power is input from or output to an external device; and a fuse portion that is adjacent to the adjacent portion, in which a cross-sectional area of the fuse portion is smaller than that of the adjacent portion, and in which a magnetic flux density generated in the fuse portion is smaller than a magnetic flux density generated in the adjacent portion when a structure of the fuse portion is made identical with that of the adjacent portion.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments relate to a protection circuit, a switch circuit, and a power supply device including the same. The protection circuit includes: a detection circuit that generates a detection voltage that is increased by fluctuation of a comparison voltage; and an SCR (Silicon-Controlled Rectifier Thyristor) that includes a gate where the detection voltage is inputted, an anode electrically connected to a power voltage, and a cathode connected to a predetermined reference voltage, which is turned on when the detection voltage is inputted in the gate, and is turned off when a current does not flow to the anode.