Abstract: A conveyor system may include a conveyor belt and a conveyor support structure supporting the belt which includes a support truss structure extending between ends of the conveyor support structure. The system may also include a pair of wheels and an axle assembly configured to rotatably support the wheels on the support truss structure. The axle assembly may include an elongated axle housing with opposite ends each having a said wheel of the pair of wheels rotatably mounted thereon, the axle housing having an interior, and a hub rotatably mounted on each of the ends of the axle housing with each hub having one of the wheels mounted thereon. The system may include a rotation detection assembly for detecting rotation of at least one wheel and being integrated with the axle assembly and at least partially positioned within the interior of the axle housing.

Abstract: A gas turbine plant including a gas turbine and a compressor is provided with a steam turbine plant including a steam turbine and a condenser, and, an exhaust heat recovery boiler. Steam from the exhaust heat recovery boiler is directly flown to the condenser of the steam turbine plant through a bypass control valve. A pressure sensor detects pressure in a turbine bypass system. A controller outputs, based on a set value from an input device and a process value from the pressure sensor, an open level instruction value to the control value so as to make the process value consistent with the set value in a predetermined sampling cycle. A corrector corrects the set value from the input device in a direction in which the open level instruction value decreases when the open level instruction value from the controller becomes a value that substantially fully opens the control valve.

Abstract: A steam turbine plant has a steam turbine and an inlet steam collection line with an inlet steam collection line segment is provided. The inlet steam collection line supplies a steam consumer and is introduced into outlet steam flow of the steam turbine at an inlet steam introduction point of the inlet steam collection line segment. A supply steam device has a switching armature for connecting the supply steam device to the inlet steam collection line segment upstream of the inlet steam introduction point. The armature is triggered and switched such that if outlet steam pressure in the inlet steam collection line segment is lower than target pressure, the inlet steam collection line segment is connected to the supply steam device for conducting steam and disconnected between the armature and the inlet steam introduction point, otherwise the supply steam device is separated from the inlet steam collection line segment.

Abstract: A system for determining if a tire of a vehicle is improperly inflated. The system includes a radar, a wheel speed sensor, and a controller. The radar is configured to emit a signal to detect a reflection of the signal off of an object positioned perpendicular to the vehicle, and to output an indication of a speed of the vehicle. The wheel speed sensor is configured to sense a speed of a wheel of the vehicle. The controller is configured to receive the indication of the speed of the vehicle from the radar, to calculate a speed of the vehicle based on the sensed speed of the wheel, and to determine a tire of the wheel is improperly inflated when the speed of the vehicle calculated using the wheel speed sensor varies by more than a predetermined amount from the speed of the vehicle determined using the radar signal.

Abstract: For determining a wave running time between a RF source in a plasma power supply device and a load connected to the plasma power supply device, an RF pulse is transmitted forwards from the RF source to the load. The pulses are reflected by the load and transmitted backwards to the power source. A return time measured on arrival of the pulse(s) at the inverter is used to determine a wave running time.

Abstract: A control device for a travel motor mounted to a vehicle has a resolver which works as a rotation-angle sensor. The control device has a RDC which calculates a rotation-angle output value ? based on rotation detection signals Sa, Sb transferred from the resolver. The control device supplies electric power to the travel motor based on the rotation angle output value ?. The RDC calculates “sin(???)” as an error deviation ? based on the signals Sa and Sb and the rotation-angle output value ?. The RDC calculates an angular acceleration by multiplying the error deviation ? with a gain (=Ka·Kb), and integrates the angular acceleration two times in order to obtain a next rotation-angle output value. A gain control part of the RDC decreases the gain when the judgment means judges that the travel motor rotates at a constant rotation speed.

Abstract: A method for estimating a rotor position in an electrical machine is provided. The method is applicable to electrical machines that have magnetic saliency. The method includes extracting the rotor position from a demodulated output signal generated in response to an injected high frequency carrier signal and determining a position error compensation based upon a demodulation delay and a velocity or rotational frequency of the electrical machine. The method also includes estimating the rotor position by applying the position error compensation to the extracted rotor position.

Abstract: A detector 1, with its object of detection having operation characteristics that include a shift from a first state to a second state, outputs a signal e1 that corresponds to the operation characteristics of the object of detection. A first state detection circuit 2 generates a first output signal SA corresponding to the first state based upon the signal e1 provided by the detector 1. A second state detection circuit 3 generates a second output signal SB corresponding to the second state based upon the signal provided by the detector 1. The second output signal SB is generated only when the object of detection shifts from the first state to the second state in a normal manner while the first output signal SA is being generated. A state judgement circuit 4 generates a state judgement output signal Z on condition that there has been a period of time during which the first output signal SA and the second output signal SB have been both at high.

Abstract: A reduction in contact bounce in an electromagnetic switch is accomplished by optimizing armature speed over its travel path with a circuit arrangement for controlling a drive current in the coil of the electromagnetic switch. A superposed speed loop including a speed sensor produces a measured voltage in response to speed of the armature. A converter coupled to the speed sensor converts the measured voltage into a value corresponding to an actual speed of the armature. A first summer receives a constant reference value corresponding to a desired speed for the armature and the value corresponding to the actual speed of the armature, and produces a difference voltage corresponding to a difference between the desired speed and the actual speed of the armature. A proportional element amplifies the difference voltage and produces a desired current value corresponding to the amplified difference voltage.

Abstract: An electric powered bicycle having a dip sensor or switch and/or a gradient sensor or switch. The bicycle comprises front and rear wheels each rotatably supported by its frame; a chain slung between said wheels and a chain set for transferring manual power to said wheels; an electric motor coupled to one of said wheels for driving said wheel directly; and a power supply capable of supplying electric power to said motor. The dip or gradient sensors are associated with a pulse width modulation circuit.

Abstract: A rotary speed measurement device includes an oscillator including a resonant circuit with a coil which conducts a resonant current to develop a magnetic field therearound. A wheel is connected to rotate together with a rotating member and is provided along circumference with alternately arranged first and second marks which causes different magnetic effect on the magnetic field. The coil is disposed adjacent the wheel so as to sense the magnetic effect and provide a corresponding voltage Vs. An analyzer is provided to give a parameter Vsub based upon voltage Vs and to compare the parameter with a predetermined threshold V.sub.TH to give a pulse when the parameter exceeds the threshold as indicative of that the wheel rotates by an increment corresponding to an angular distance between the first mark and the adjacent second mark. The pulse is counted by a counter within a unit time to obtain a rotary speed of the wheel.

Abstract: A vehicle speed detecting device utilizes two vehicle speed pulse generators, a vehicle speed memory device, pulse counters, abnormality detectors, pulse signal transfer devices and an alarm device which are all integrated into the electronic control circuit of a micro-processor through two sets of signal processing devices. The detecting device not only indicates the speed of the vehicle but also detects abnormalities in either of the vehicle speed pulse generators and provides an appropriate alarm.

Abstract: A safety device for a tool powered by an electric motor. It has a main switch, electronic controls, and a tachometer-generator. In order to provide a device for switching off a motor as a function of motor speed that is simple and economical and that will retain the same nominal switch-off value for the total life of the device, a relay is wired in parallel with the motor and controls the supply of power to the motor through a relay contact.

Abstract: A method of controlling a direct-coupling mechanism of a hydraulic torque converter of an automatic transmission for an automotive vehicle, wherein the transmission capacity of the direct-coupling mechanism is controlled such that the value of a first predetermined parameter indicative of an amount of relative slip between input and output members of the hydraulic torque converter which are mechanically engaged with each other by the direct-coupling mechanism lies within a predetermined reference range. The value of a second predetermined parameter indicative of one of said plurality operating modes for the automotive vehicle is detected. Determined in dependence on the detected value of the second predetermined parameter is either the predetermined reference range of the value of the first predetermined parameter or a rate at which the transmission capacity is controlled such that the value of said predetermined parameter changes toward the predetermined reference range of the first predetermined parameter.

Abstract: An improved reel servo for a recording and reproducing machine is disclosed. The reel servo as well as other servos in the machine are controlled by a single microprocessor which results in greater inherent communication between such servos and significantly improved operating capabilities. The reel servo itself is adapted to have the supply and take-up reels operate in different kinds of close loop servo control during various operating modes. The servo circuitry provides instantaneous information to the microprocessor for determining the diameter of tape that is wrapped on each of the reels. The reel servo has the capability of performing high speed shuttle and cueing operations without engaging the capstan and the tensioning arm can be positioned to provide the appropriate tape tension during shuttling in both the forward and reverse directions. An acceleration loop controls the supply reel so that the tape tension is maintained within predetermined upper and lower limits.

Abstract: An improved automatic clutch control system for controlling a vehicle master clutch (14) drivingly interposed a throttle controlled engine (12) and a change gear transmission (10) in an automatic mechanical transmission system (AMT) is provided. The control provides at least one modulated clutch engagement mode of operation wherein the clutch is moved rapidly from the fully disengaged to the incipient engagement position (A), and is then moved in a modulated manner, according to logic rules, to the fully engaged position. A monitored clutch actuator (22) parameter is compared to a reference value (C) to determine the expected point of incipient engagement of the clutch. The reference value is periodically updated, to compensate for wear and the like, by monitoring the sensed or calculated value of the monitored clutch actuator parameter at the time a monitored system parameter (108, 110) responds in a manner predictable for the instant of incipient engagement of the clutch.

Abstract: An electronic control for energizing an electrically operated valve of a motor vehicle starting clutch at a level which compensates for performance variations of the valve and/or clutch so that the desired clutch engagement feel may be repeatably produced. The compensated energization level is formed by the combination of a principal term determined as a function of engine speed and a corrective, or vernier, term determined as a function of engine speed deviation from a reference engine speed. The reference engine speed is obtained by determining the desired steady state engine speed for the clutch engagement and applying thereto a time response characteristic that generally resembles that of the vehicle engine.

Abstract: A closed-loop system for precisely regulating the speed of an electrically driven rotating body. A tachometer rotor, mechanically linked to the rotating body, is provided with p "teeth " around its periphery. A sensor produces a pulse signal upon passage of each of these teeth, to generate a cyclical tachometer signal having a frequency p times the frequency of rotation. A tachometer counter counts this signal and produces a single output pulse after every n.times.p pulses from the sensor, such that the same one of the p teeth is responsible for triggering each of the successive output pulses, and variations in spacing between teeth do not cause variations in the period of the counter output. A high frequency clock is counted by a second counter, which transfers its count to a storage register and resets upon each pulse from the tachometer counter, such that the count held by the storage register is a continuously updated, highly accurate digital representation of the period of the rotating body.

Abstract: A protective circuit for an electric motor comprises a frequency signal generating circuit for generating a frequency signal in accordance with the rotational speed of the motor, a switching circuit switched over to either permit or cut off supply of current to the motor, and a detecting circuit for detecting that the period of the generated frequency signal has become larger than a predetermined period due to a decrease in the rotational speed of the motor, and cutting off the supply of current to the motor by the switching circuit.

Abstract: Automatic clutch control to reduce shocks to a vehicle during a rapid switching of a shift lever between its drive D and reverse R positions. The shift lever position and the direction of movement of the vehicle are detected by means of a switch and an electrical circuit. A microprocessor delays the initiation of the clutch engagement by a given time as compared with the clutch engagement occurring when the vehicle is at rest, if the shift lever position is in contra-distinction to the direction of movement of the vehicle, namely, when the shift lever is in its drive D position while the vehicle is moving backward or when the shift lever is in its reverse R position while the vehicle is moving forward.

Abstract: A control device for a hydraulic pressure operated friction clutch in an automatic speed changer has a device which detects a speed difference (S) between an engine drive shaft and an input shaft. Load and speed detecting devices detect the engine load and drive shaft speed respectively, this load and speed information being used to set a second speed difference (So). A hydraulic pressure controlling device then controls the hydraulic pressure supplied to the friction clutch control device so that the first speed difference (S) approaches the second speed difference (So). In addition, a fail-safe circuit releases the friction clutch if the first speed difference remains abnormally large for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A wheel speed measuring circuit includes a counter controlled by a wheel speed signal having a frequency proportional to the rotational speed of the wheel sensed by a wheel speed sensor associated with a wheel; a comparator for comparing the digital output of the counter with a predetermined digital value; a wheel speed generating circuit for generating a digital output corresponding to the rotational speed of the wheel on the basis of the output of the comparator; and a pulse generator for generating pulses of a frequency proportional to the digital output of the wheel speed generating circuit, the pulse generator receiving the digital output of the wheel speed generating circuit, wherein the counter receives the output pulses of the pulse generator to count the output pulses thereof for the period of the wheel speed signal or for a time interval relating to the period of the wheel speed signal, and the digital output of the counter is compared with the predetermined digital value in the comparator.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus for a vehicle such as a tractor comprises a console including controls and a control circuit for calculating wheel slippage of at least one drive wheel of the vehicle and responsive to engine RPM of the vehicle and to the rotational speed of the drive wheel for calculating a predetermined relationship therebetween. The control circuit is also responsive to actuation of the controls for setting the calculated relationship equal to a predetermined reference value when there is substantially no load on the vehicle, and hence minimum slippage of the drive wheel, in each of a plurality of ranges of gear ratios of the vehicle, thereby calibrating the control circuit to calculate wheel slippage for each of these ranges of gear ratios. The console also mounts an observable indicator and the control circuit also calculates other variables such as vehicle speed and engine RPM and actuates the observable indicator when the calculated values deviate from preselected values.

Abstract: An electronic control system for a motor vehicle friction clutch and which has an electrical reference signal generator, an engine speed sensor and signal means, and a throttle position sensor which produces a signal indicative of throttle opening. The throttle signal is combined with the engine speed signal to form a modified engine speed signal and a comparator receives the modified engine speed signal and reference signal to produce an error signal derived from the two. A clutch position control is operated by the error signal to vary the state of engagement of the clutch to equalize the modified engine speed and reference signals.

Abstract: An electronic control system for a motor vehicle friction clutch and which has an engine speed sensor, a reference signal generator, and a clutch actuator responsive to an error signal E derived from engine speed and reference signals V.sub.1 and V.sub.R respectively. The error signal E is fed into an integrator having two operation modes, dependent upon whether a capacitor in the integrator circuit bypassed by the error signal E or not. With the capacitor initially bypassed by the error signal E the integrator has unity gain, and with the capacitor subsequently placed in the error signal path the integrator has high gain. By having two response modes the time delay between the error signal E reaching its trigger point and the clutch actuator responding is greatly reduced.

Abstract: An automatic speed control system is disclosed in which an error signal Ve, representing the speed error of the vehicle, is added to a ramp voltage, ramping between fixed values, to produce a control signal Vc. Two comparators compare Vc with upper and lower limits, respectively, so as to produce a pulse train on one of two lines depending on the sign of the error and having a mark-space ratio depending on the magnitude of the error. A circuit responds to the first pulse to occur in the pulse train from one of the two comparators when the vehicle is accelerating towards and overshooting a new desired speed and, via a switching circuit, lowers the upper limit applied to that comparator so as to lengthen the first pulses and help to reduce overshoot of the desired speed. When the vehicle ceases accelerating, the upper limit is switched back to the desired value, and is also switched back to its original setting when the speed falls by a preset amount.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner control providing solid state high and low speed electronic control of a vacuum cleaner motor. The control circuit is arranged to terminate operation of the motor in the event the sensed speed of a brush driven by the motor drops below a predetermined low speed as by jamming of the brush. A membrane touch switch panel includes switches which provide manually controlled inputs to the control. In one form, the control uses phase control in setting the low speed operation of the motor and in another form, the control utilizes half wave rectification in setting the low speed motor operation.

Abstract: A multi-application speed drop detector, for a high-speed bucket belt conveyor conveying powdery substances, that can automatically perform such functions as alarming, causing ordinary and emergency stops in accordance with the amount of speed drop of the belt conveyor from a set speed level, and eliminating the effect of an increased bucket pitch at a joint in the belt. A bucket passage detection signal produced by an electromagnetic induction sensor is used in order to avoid the ignition and explosion of the powdery substance being conveyed due to a slip of the belt.

Abstract: A speed control for a wheeled vehicle which is propelled by a motive device that has a speed proportional to the vehicle speed, and a power output control to control the speed of the motive device. A first signal generator generates a signal proportional to a desired vehicle speed. A second signal generator generates a signal proportional to the actual vehicle speed. A comparator compares the signals to detect any difference, and controls an actuator to adjust the power output control to tend to eliminate the difference. The actual speed will thereby tend to approach the desired speed. The first signal generator can, if desired, be operated by the occupant of the vehicle as part of his propulsive effort, for example by driving a bicycle chain drive. The speed control also can have provisions to continue operations at a pre-set rate even when the first signal generator may be inactive, and to make appropriate power control settings at start-up and at the beginning of acceleration conditions.

Abstract: System for controlling the speed of a vehicle such as an automobile. The operator selects the desired speed, and thereafter the system brings the vehicle to the desired speed and maintains it at that speed. The system can be calibrated for any given vehicle, and it cannot be engaged until the vehicle is moving at a predetermined percentage or fraction of the desired speed. The system can be disengaged in a number of ways to return full control of the vehicle to the operator, and redundant circuits are employed to assure disengagement upon application of the brakes. As the desired speed is approached, the amount of correction is decreased to assure a smooth, positive transition to the desired speed.

Abstract: A vehicle speed system is described in which an electrical signal representing actual vehicle speed is compared with a stored signal representing desired vehicle speed. Any speed error is used in a servo loop to generate a control signal which tends to reduce the error to zero. In addition, signals representing the actual and desired vehicle speeds are compared in a comparator unit so as to produce a disabling signal when the actual vehicle speed either exceeds the desired speed by more than a predetermined amount, or falls below the desired speed by more than a predetermined amount, (e.g. because road conditions prevent the vehicle engine from driving the vehicle at or close to the desired speed). This enabling signal is used to switch the control system out of operation.

Abstract: The synchronism or tracking between two analog signals is compared by a cuit arrangement having two inputs to which these analog signals are applied. A comparator circuit compares the two signals and provides a trigger or energizing signal to a switch which in turn produces an error signal when the two compared signals deviate from each other to an extent larger than a predetermined limit. One input is connected to the comparator circuit through a heterodyning circuit wherein the respective analog signal is heterodyned by a heterodyning signal which varies in its polarity. The comparator circuit includes a polarity detector which provides a signal signifying a positive or a negative difference between the amplitudes of the two polarity signals. A discriminator circuit is operatively connected to the comparator to provide a switch energizing signal when the difference signal does not have any zero transitions or passages with the frequency of the heterodyning signal.

Abstract: Electronic signal processing circuitry for use in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine is disclosed herein. A signal generator which receives crankshaft position pulses from a sensor and produces periodic outut pulses which have durations equal to a constant percentage of the period of the input sensor pulses is disclosed. The generator includes a crankshaft position sensor feeding a bistable flip-flop which controls a dual slope integrator circuit having its output coupled to a comparator with the comparator output coupled back to the reset terminal of the flip-flop. The generator produces pulses at the output of the flip-flop which have durations equal to a constant percentage of the period of the crankshaft position sensor pulses.

Abstract: A desired automobile speed signal memory circuit for an automobile speed control system to maintain actual automobile speed constant at a desired speed. The memory circuit memorizes an actual automobile speed signal at the moment a desired speed set switch is closed. This memorized automobile speed signal is then used as a reference signal by the automobile speed control system to keep the actual automobile speed constant. The memory circuit has a capacitor which memorizes the desired speed signal, a first FET which forms a memorization loop with the capacitor upon the closure of the desired speed set switch, and a second FET which supplies the memorized desired speed signal on the capacitor in an impedance conversion mode as the reference signal used by the automobile speed control system to maintain constant the speed of the automobile.

Abstract: An analog signal representation of the ground speed of a prime mover driven vehicle is modified by the vehicle drive train ratio factor to produce an analog signal representation of the theoretical speed of rotation of the prime mover rotating element based upon vehicle ground speed and another analog signal representation of the actual speed of rotation of the prime mover rotating element based upon selected prime mover operating parameters is produced. A variable gain amplifier circuit converts the theoretical speed of rotation analog signal representation into a system output calibrated analog signal representation of the actual speed of rotation of the prime mover rotating element based upon vehicle ground speed by incrementally adjusting the potential level of the theoretical speed of rotation analog signal representation in a direction toward that of the prime mover operating parameter based actual speed of rotation signal representation.

Abstract: A multi-axle traction vehicle is equipped with apparatus for sensing the speeds of its respective drive axles, and control apparatus is provided for producing a predetermined warning signal if the sensed speed of one and only one of the axles is less than a predetermined low threshold level. In addition, apparatus is provided for inhibiting the control apparatus unless all but one of the sensed axle speeds are greater than a predetermined higher threshold level thereby minimizing the opportunity of producing a false warning signal.

Abstract: A system for regulating the traveling speed of a motor vehicle includes a comparator producing an output signal corresponding to the difference between a sensed speed signal and a reference speed signal, a control device responsive to the output signal from the comparator for controlling the proportion of fuel-air mixture supplied to an engine in the motor vehicle, and a selective delay circuit coupled between the comparator and the control device for delaying the supply of the output signal from the comparator to the control device when the amplitude of the output signal is above a predetermined level and for supplying output signals having an amplitude below the predetermined level directly to the control device such that the system will respond quickly to variations in sensed speed occurring from normal load conditions while providing a smooth transition when the desired speed is changed.

Abstract: In an automatic brake controller having a vehicle velocity detector for detecting vehicle velocity and a wheel velocity detector for detecting wheel velocity, a failure detecting system is provided for the vehicle velocity detector and the wheel velocity detector. A comparator which makes a comparison between the vehicle velocity signal obtained from said vehicle velocity detector and the wheel velocity signal obtained from said wheel velocity detector generates a predetermined output signal when the difference between both the output signals of said detectors exceeds a predetermined value, and a logical circuit is responsive to said output signal from said comparator to provide a failure signal when a signal representative of a normal transit condition is being generated.

Abstract: For use with apparatus for transferring a load between two stations movable relative to each other in a vertical plane by means of a crane carried by one of the two stations having a hook assembly for attachment to the load on the other station for lifting the load, a lift-off indicator measures either the relative velocity or relative vertical accelerations of the two stations and from signals representing relative velocity of approach showing values between a maximum positive and a negative, and relative acceleration acting away from the direction of approach indicates conditions suitable for initiating lifting.

Abstract: A cruise control system having means to provide a signal corresponding to a desired speed for use by a servo control to regulate the speed. This system uses a current source to ramp charge a first capacitor. A comparator compares magnitude of the voltage on the first capacitor against the signal representative of the desired speed. A first counter is used to accumulate counts from a first frequency generator. A latch counter capable of following the counts in the first counter is used to store the counts when the comparator indicates the voltage on the first capacitor is substantially equal to the magnitude of the signal representative of the speed. A digital comparator then compares the counts stored in the latch counter against counts being accumulated anew in the first counter while the first capacitor is being recharged. Means are provided to inhibit the first capacitor from being charged further after the digital comparator indicates equality between the quantity of the counts being compared.

Abstract: A brake control system for vehicles in which the difference in speed of rotation of a corresponding pair of wheels is detected in a prebraking mode of operation. If the difference in rotational speed exceeds a predetermined amount, the brakes on the pair of wheels are disabled. In one embodiment of the invention, the prebraking rotational speed ratio of the pair of wheels is determined by a comparator and electronic voltage control circuit, and the electrical output thereof fed to a valve control circuit for controlling the brake valves to maintain the braking rotational speed ratio of the wheels substantially equal to the prebraking rotational speed ratio.

Abstract: In plowing or towing of other vehicles or implements with a tractor it generally is desirable to move as fast as is economically feasible. Attempting too high a speed may be self-defeating through wheel slippage of the pulling tractor which may reduce efficiency to an uneconomic level. In accordance with the present invention an electronic signal is provided corresponding to the speed of the driving wheels of a tractor, and another electronic signal is provided corresponding to the ground speed of the tractor. These signals are compared electronically, and a visual readout is provided for the operator of the tractor so that he may know if he is operating within acceptable conditions of efficiency. Both audio and visual warning signals are provided to the tractor driver if slippage exceeds a predetermined maximum, corresponding to a predetermined minimum allowable efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention is a brake actuating and brake system for maintaining a predetermined proportional relationship between the rotational speeds of vehicle wheels by both applying and/or releasing hydraulic fluid brake pressure, and distributing released pressure back into the brake system.

Abstract: An apparatus for insuring that the rotational speed of a spindle on a machine is prevented from exceeding a selected programmed speed. The apparatus is comprised of means for continuously receiving pulsed signals indicative of the instantaneous rotational speed of the spindle over a timed cycle, wherein the cumulative signal within the receiving means at the end of each timed cycle is representative of the actual rotational speed of the spindle.

Abstract: A vehicle controlling device wherein an output signal proportional to vehicle velocity obtained from a vehicle velocity detector and an output signal proportional to wheel velocity obtained from a wheel velocity detector are to be compared by a comparator and the slip state of the wheel is to be detected from the result of the comparison, thereby to control a brake mechanism, characterized in that an adder circuit is provided which adds an output signal proportional to a predetermined wheel velocity at a low vehicle running speed to the output signal obtained from the wheel velocity detector and that the output signal of the adder circuit and the output signal from the vehicle velocity detector are compared by the comparator to ensure accurate brake control at all vehicle speeds.

Abstract: A motor vehicle speed control system which, upon activation by the vehicle operator, maintains the vehicle at a predetermined set speed. The system utilizes a duty-cycle type pneumatic servoactuator responsive to an electrical control signal for controlling movement of the vehicle throttle. Control means responsive to deviation of vehicle speed from the predetermined set speed, is operable to vary the control signal characteristics in accordance with a predetermined governing equation and the electrical control signal is utilized to operate the servoactuator. Vehicle speed is sensed by a generator providing an electrical signal output and a control means is of the electronic type responsive to the electrical speed signal and the predetermined set speed. In one embodiment both analog-digital circuit techniques are employed for the control means and, in another embodiment, substantially all-digital circuitry is utilized.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of controlling the revolving speed of a rotary body to be rotated at the predetermined number of revolution corresponding to the reference or first signal F.sub.1. The rotary body equipped with an alternating current generator which generates a frequency signal or third signal F.sub.3 in proportion to the number of revolution thereof. During operation, the signal F.sub.3 being compared with the signal F.sub.1, if the deviation of the signal F.sub.3 from the signal F.sub.1 is within tolerance, a second variable signal F.sub.2 is swept to coincide the same with the signal F.sub.3 and further to coincide with the first signal F.sub.1 while maintaining the coincidence of the second and third signals thereby to resume the number of revolution of the rotary body to that corresponding to the reference signal.

Abstract: The output of an operational amplifier is connected to a bridge having as its diagonal two push-pull, complementary-symmetry, output stages, the servo motor being connected between the emitters junction of the one stage and the emitters junction of the other stage.

Abstract: An oscillator is connected to a backward counter to set the backward counter to a count number representative of its frequency of oscillation, the backward counter being stepped down by clock pulses recurring at a frequency high with respect to the cycling rate of the oscillator until it reaches a reference value, for example zero. The difference between the reference value and the count state of the counter when a predetermined counting period has elapsed, as determined by the duration of one cycle of the input signal, forms an error signal which is transmitted over a bi-directional counter to an integrator which, in turn, controls the oscillator. The system is particularly applicable for use in connection with vehicle wheel brake anti-lock arrangements, and permits determination of wheel speed by oscillation of the oscillator as well as acceleration and deceleration by sensing the error signal.

Abstract: A vehicle friction brake control system applicable in both brake and power modes for controlling slip and slide of the vehicle wheels utilizes a speed signal for each vehicle axle whose amplitude is dependent upon axle angular speed. There is a front axle speed comparison circuit and a rear axle speed comparison circuit. Each of the speed comparison circuits utilize speed signals from their respective axles, as well as electrically isolated speed signals from the other axles. The speed comparison circuits each compare the highest or lowest axle speed from their respective axles with the highest or lowest of all four axle speeds to provide a slip/brake system signal.