Abstract: A tap changer assembly includes a tap changer assembly housing completely enclosing a tap changer volume and an overflow volume. The tap changer assembly includes at least a part of a tap changer located in the tap changer volume. The tap changer volume and the overflow volume are connectable to each other via an overflow assembly. When a pressure in the tap changer volume is equal to or higher than the predetermined overflow pressure threshold, fluid communication between the tap changer volume and the overflow volume via the overflow assembly is enabled, and is prevented when the pressure is lower that the threshold. When fluid communication is enabled, an area at least 10% of a largest internal cross-sectional area between the tap changer volume and the overflow volume is enabled for fluid communication via said overflow assembly.

Abstract: A system for detecting an object approaching and/or impacting electrical equipment is disclosed. The system includes a housing for the electrical equipment and acoustic sensor(s) for measuring a sound pressure of the object approaching the housing, the acoustic sensor(s) disposed at a location at which the acoustic sensor(s) is not in contact with the housing. The system further includes vibration sensor(s) for measuring an acceleration of a surface of the housing caused by the object striking the housing, the vibration sensor(s) disposed at a location at which the vibration sensor(s) is in contact with the housing, and a computer readable storage medium having thereon machine-readable instructions that when executed determine the approach of the object for impact on the housing and/or the impact of the object to the housing.

Abstract: An electronic device having a self-diagnosis function is proposed. In the electronic device, a fault detector is provided on a primary side of a power board, so that fault states of a main board and a load may be detected even when the main board is broken or power is not applied to the main board. In addition, as long as commercial alternating power is input, even in a state where a power switch is turned off, the electronic device is supplied with the power, so that various types of faults in the main board and the load may be detected.

Abstract: A method of connecting electrical substation wiring in an electrical substation provides pre-bundled yard cables configured to connect between field devices in the substation and a yard interface connection cabinet. The yard interface connection cabinet has an outside plug bulkhead plate that is accessible from outside of a control house that houses the yard interface connection cabinet. The outside plug bulkhead plate has a plurality of connectors configured to mate with the yard cables. The yard interface connection cabinet further has internal wires extending from an inside plug bulkhead plate and terminating at a terminal block. The connections and wires in the yard interface connection cabinet are tested with the yard cables before installation of the yard interface connection cabinet and yard cables in the substation. The yard cables are connected between the field devices and the outside plug bulkhead plate from outside of the control house.

Abstract: An energy storage system and a multi-stage short circuit protection system thereof are provided. The multi-stage short circuit protection system includes N stages of fuse units. Each battery pack is connected to a corresponding first-stage fuse unit, a direct-current side of a power conversion device is arranged with a third-stage fuse unit, and at least one second-stage fuse unit is arranged between multiple battery packs and the power conversion device. In a case that a short circuit fault occurs at a position on the direct-current side of the power conversion device, only a fuse unit at a stage preceding the position and a fuse unit at a stage following the position are broken, thereby avoiding a problem of a high maintenance cost in the conventional technology due to that all fuses are broken.

Abstract: A transformer simulation system and a measurement method for setting value simulation are disclosed. The transformer simulation system includes an oil tank, a heating device, a pump body, a first oil pipe, a second oil pipe and a first flow sensor. The heating device is disposed in the oil tank. The oil tank is provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, the first outlet is connected to the first oil pipe, and the first inlet is connected to the second oil pipe. An end of the first oil pipe away from the oil tank is a first mounting end for being connected to an oil inlet of a gas relay, and an end of the second oil pipe away from the oil tank is a second mounting end for being connected to an oil outlet of the gas relay. The pump body is connected to the first oil pipe or the second oil pipe, and the first flow sensor is disposed in the first oil pipe.

Abstract: A subsea installation. The subsea installation comprises a tank containing an insulation fluid or other fluid, a heat generating electric apparatus positioned at least partly within the tanks, and a pressure compensator being in fluid communication with the tank and being configured to compensate volume variations of the insulation fluid or the other fluid by performing an expansive and a contracting movement. The subsea installation comprises further means for heating the insulation fluid or the other fluid, said means for heating being configured to provide heating to the insulation fluid or the other fluid with the heat generating electric apparatus is in a non-operating state in order to reduce the volume variations of the insulation fluid or the other fluid.

Abstract: A monitoring system for an enclosure having an arc quenching gas includes at least one fluid characteristic sensor in fluid communication with an interior the enclosure, and an electronic controller operatively coupled to the at least one fluid characteristic sensor. The electronic controller forecasts a maintenance event based on values received from the at least one fluid characteristic sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of monitoring switching by an on-load tap changer (OLTC) 1 from a first contact 3a to a second contact 3b of a transformer winding 2. The method includes measuring a voltage of the transformer. The method also includes measuring a temperature of the OLTC. The method also includes, based on the measured voltage and temperature, determining whether the switching from the first contact to the second contact has been successful.

Abstract: A rapid pressure rise detection and management system that detects internal pressure changes in a transformer. The rapid pressure rise detection and management system communicates with one or more pressure sensors attached to a tank of the transformer and measures the rate of pressure change versus time. The rapid pressure rise detection and management system then compares this rate of pressure change against a set of parameters to determine if this pressure change is an internal fault requiring the transformer to be taken offline or external fault to be ignored. This rapid pressure rise detection and management system may be a standalone device or work with other monitoring/controlling equipment to expand its sensing and management capabilities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing an internal fault of an oil-immersed transformer by analyzing the composition ratio of dissolved gas in oil that is caused when an internal fault of the oil-immersed transformer occurs.

Abstract: At least one exemplary aspect comprises an apparatus for multi-channel metering of electricity, comprising: (a) a meter head that comprises one or more metering points, the meter head operable to connect and disconnect service on each one of a plurality of electricity consumer lines, and the meter head operable to measure electricity usage for each of the plurality of electricity consumer lines; and (b) a housing containing the meter head and a distribution transformer. In another aspect, an apparatus comprising a meter head is operable, in response to an interruption in flow of electricity being received from a distribution transformer, to actuate corresponding relays to disconnect service on one or more of the electricity consumer lines. In another aspect, an apparatus comprising a meter head is in communication with one or more sensors operable to sense environmental conditions in a distribution transformer housing.

Abstract: A temperature detection apparatus includes a transformer, a thermostat attached directly to an electrically conductive site of the heating element and has contacts that become short-circuited or come into an open-circuit condition depending on whether or not the temperature of the heating element is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the contacts being connected to a secondary coil in the transformer, a DC voltage source and a transistor configured to supply required AC power to a primary coil in the transformer, a current detection resistor configured to detect a current flowing through the primary coil in the transformer, and a comparison circuit detecting a voltage generated across the current detection resistor when a current flows through the current detection resistor, the comparison circuit outputting an alarm signal when the current flowing through the primary coil in the transformer exceeds a preset threshold current.

Abstract: A disconnector for distribution transformers with dielectric liquid intended for comprehensive protection of a power grid or for protecting distribution transformers. The disconnector provides at least two cylindrical current-limiting fuses located inside a transformer tank. Each fuse is electrically connected with an external phase power supply through fixed contacts and moving contacts of the disconnector with the active part of the transformer. The disconnector has an additional auxiliary contact which is electrically connected to a switch connected to the active part of the transformer on a low voltage side of the transformer.

Abstract: According to the present invention, even in the case of addition of a transformer for using an engine system with an AC power supply different from the expected voltage of an electrical device, there is substantially no change in the thermal balance in a package due to the presence or absence of the transformer. In the present invention, an engine 2 and an electrical device for driving the engine system are housed in a package 1. In order for a transformer 20 whose primary side is an AC power supply and whose secondary side is the expected voltage of the electrical device for driving the engine system to be housed in the package, an intake port, an exhaust port, and a ventilation fan for cooling the transformer are provided in a ventilation path that is independent from other devices.

Abstract: A method of protecting from over-temperature a device associated with an electronic converter including a feedback path for regulating the output signal of said electronic converter may include providing a thermal sensitive component sensitive to the temperature of said device, and including said thermal sensitive component in said feedback path of said electronic converter, whereby said output signal of said electronic converter is reduced as a function of the temperature of said device as sensed by said thermal sensitive component.

Abstract: A motor drive circuit includes a positive and a negative supply rail for connection to a battery (104), a motor drive circuit including a plurality of motor drive subcircuits which each selectively permit current to flow into or out of a respective phase of a multi-phase motor (101) in response to control signals from a motor control circuit, and a switching means including at least one switch which is in series with a respective phase of the motor which is normally closed to permit the flow of current to and from the subcircuit to the respective motor phase. A fault signal detecting means (160) detects at least one fault condition and, in the event of a fault condition being detected, causes the at least one switch to open. A snubber circuit (150) is associated with the motor and is arranged so that following the opening of the switch, energy stored in the motor windings is diverted away from the switching means through the snubber circuit to the battery.

Abstract: A temperature detection apparatus includes a transformer, a thermostat attached directly to an electrically conductive site of the heating element and has contacts that become short-circuited or come into an open-circuit condition depending on whether or not the temperature of the heating element is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the contacts being connected to a secondary coil in the transformer, a DC voltage source and a transistor configured to supply required AC power to a primary coil in the transformer, a current detection resistor configured to detect a current flowing through the primary coil in the transformer, and a comparison circuit detecting a voltage generated across the current detection resistor when a current flows through the current detection resistor, the comparison circuit outputting an alarm signal when the current flowing through the primary coil in the transformer exceeds a preset threshold current.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for preventing, protecting OLTC from fire and/or preventing, protecting and/or detecting explosion and/or resulting fire of electrical transformer (30) in advance before decomposition of combustible coolant fluid (11)/dielectric oil.

Abstract: A lighting controller includes a housing and a power transformer mounted in the housing for stepping down an inputted AC power signal at a first higher voltage to at least one output AC power signal at a second lower voltage for powering a plurality of light fixtures. The controller further includes a switching device that can be closed and opened to connect and disconnect a primary winding of the power transformer to a source of AC power that can provide the inputted AC power signal. At least one wire connection terminal is connected to a secondary winding of the power transformer. A face pack is removably mounted in the housing and is operatively connected to the source of AC power and the switching device. The face pack includes a display, at least one manually actuable input device, a processor, a memory operatively connected to the processor, and an operational program stored in the memory.

Abstract: The cooling system for a power transformer is activated by sensing and processing the frequency characteristic including the harmonic contents, of the inrush current into the transformer, when the transformer is first energized. The cooling system may include motors operating devices such as oil circulating pumps and fans causing a coolant to flow about the power transformer. The cooling system is deactivated by sensing when the transformer is de-energized and when its temperature is below a predetermined level.

Abstract: A device for preventing the explosion of an element of an electrical transformer provided with a tank containing a combustible cooling fluid, comprising a pressure release element for decompressing the tank, and a bag placed downstream of the pressure release element and configured to pass from a flat state to an inflated state upon the rupture of the pressure release element and for confining fluid.

Abstract: Device for preventing the explosion of an electrical transformer provided with a tank which is filled with a coolant liquid. The device includes a rupture element provided with tear areas and folding areas at breaking. The rupture element is able to break when the internal tank pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold. At least one flange for maintaining the rupture element, the said flange being arranged at side of the rupture element opposite the tank. The device comprises a liquid detector arranged at the side of the rupture element opposite the tank.

Abstract: A load control apparatus outputs a PWM signal to a switching element to control a load. The switching element is connected between a power supply and a grand in series with the load. An abnormal increase detecting unit outputs an abnormal increase detection signal when detecting abnormal increase in applied voltage, which is applied to the load, relative to target voltage. An abnormal decrease detecting unit outputs an abnormal decrease detection signal when detecting abnormal decrease in the applied voltage relative to the target voltage. An operating state monitoring unit outputs a normally operating signal when the load normally operates. A signal combining unit generates a combined signal by combining the abnormal increase detection signal, the abnormal decrease detection signal, and the normally operating signal and outputs the combined signal via a common signal output terminal.

Abstract: A ballast having fused leads protects against uncommon, but harmful, ballast failures. The fused leads prevent a current in the primary coil of the ballast from exceeding a potentially damaging value. A thermal protector shorts the primary ballast coil if the temperature of the secondary ballast coil exceeds a potentially damaging value. Since the thermal protector permanently disables the ballast, potentially damaging repetitive overheating of the ballast is prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the system and method for protection, prevention and or detection of the explosion and or resulting fire in electrical transformers in advance, i.e before decomposition of combustible coolant fluid/dielectric oil.

Abstract: A method of protecting from over-temperature a device associated with an electronic converter including a feedback path for regulating the output signal of said electronic converter may include providing a thermal sensitive component sensitive to the temperature of said device, and including said thermal sensitive component in said feedback path of said electronic converter, whereby said output signal of said electronic converter is reduced as a function of the temperature of said device as sensed by said thermal sensitive component.

Abstract: A device for preventing the explosion of an element of an electrical transformer provided with a tank containing a combustible cooling fluid, comprising a pressure release element for decompressing the tank, and a bag placed downstream of the pressure release element and configured to pass from a flat state to an inflated state upon the rupture of the pressure release element and for confining fluid.

Abstract: The electrical equipment comprises electrical elements corresponding to at least one phase of the distribution network and housed in a tank. The equipment is insulated with a dielectric liquid wherein the elements are immersed. The equipment comprises an input for each phase in the tank, and also a protection device, associated with at least one failure detector and configured so that, in the event of detecting such a failure, a short circuit will be established in the phases. The protection device is situated so as to establish the short circuit in a position before any protection, control or transformer element of the electrical equipment.

Abstract: A control system for multiphase rotary electric machines is provided. The control system carries out control of the output of a multiphase rotary electric machine by operating switching elements of an inverter, so that more appropriate measure can be taken when malfunction has occurred in the inverter. A rotary shaft of an internal combustion engine, a rotary shaft of a generator and a rotary shaft of a motor are linked through a torque-splitting mechanism. The control system carries out failsafe processes, at the occurrence of short circuit in a switching element of the inverter, to control load torque of the generator so as to prevent rotation of a rotary shaft of the internal combustion engine in a non-operative state, which rotation is induced by a motive force of the motor.

Abstract: A voltage clamp protection circuit to protect against overvoltage conditions where there is insufficient current to blow a fuse. The voltage clamp protection circuit includes a voltage clamp and a thermal cutoff. The voltage clamp clamps any overvoltage to a clamping voltage. If an overvoltage condition persists for too long the voltage clamp dissipates a sufficient amount of heat to activate the thermal cutoff creating an open circuit that protects the rest of the circuit. The voltage clamp protection circuit may be used in combination with a variety of other protection circuits to provide increased protection.

Abstract: A volatile material dispensing device is provided, including a volatile material, a replaceable canister including a U-shaped outlet tube and a reservoir to hold the volatile material, and a generally cylindrical external housing sized and configured to receive the replaceable canister. The U-shaped outlet tube includes a tube inner leg, a tube crosspiece, and a tube outer leg, with the tube inner leg fluidly connected to the cavity and with the tube outer leg open to the atmosphere. The external housing includes a powered actuating unit configured to apply pressure to the flexible outer wall of the reservoir. Thereby a portion of the volatile material is forced up the inner tube, over the tube crosspiece, and down the outer tube to be received by a porous pad, providing a time-release dispersing mechanism delivering a controlled, consistent flow and producing a constant intensity of vapor release over time.

Abstract: A protection system for a transformer system that includes three single phase transformers with auxiliary secondary windings, respectively. The auxiliary secondary windings are connected to form an open delta configuration. The protection system is connected into the open delta configuration, between the auxiliary secondary windings of two of the transformers. The protection system includes a circuit having an element with a threshold voltage and current characteristic connected in series with a thermal protection device and a resistor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the system and method for protection, prevention and or detection of the explosion and or resulting fire in electrical transformers in advance, i.e before decomposition of combustible coolant fluid/dielectric oil.

Abstract: A device for preventing the explosion of an element of an electrical transformer provided with a tank containing a combustible cooling fluid, comprising a pressure release element for decompressing the tank, and a bag placed downstream of the pressure release element and configured to pass from a flat state to an inflated state upon the rupture of the pressure release element and for confining fluid.

Abstract: The present the invention provides power supplies and circuitry for powering high-voltage devices.

Abstract: A device for preventing the explosion of an electric transformer equipped with a tank filled with combustible coolant fluid, includes a pressure relief element to decompress the tank, a reservoir arranged downstream of the pressure relief element and at least one stopper valve on the reservoir such that the reservoir is hermetic in order to collect a fluid that passes through the pressure relief element.

Abstract: A thermal protection apparatus for an AC traction motor including a stator, a rotor, a blower fan and an inverter includes a method and apparatus for predicting the motor temperature assuming that the blower is operational. The method and apparatus also determines an estimated motor temperature by measuring the motor resistance or the rotor slip. The estimated motor temperatures compared to the predicted motor temperature to determine the condition of the motor cooling system.

Abstract: Device for prevention against explosion of an electrical transformer comprising an enclosure filled with combustible coolant, and a means for decompressing the enclosure of the transformer. The decompression means comprises a rupture element 1 with integrated explosion detector provided with a retention part 4 including first zones which have a reduced thickness in comparison with the rest of the retention part 4 and are capable of tearing without fragmenting when the said element 1 ruptures, and second zones which have reduced thickness in comparison with the rest of the retention part 4 and are capable of folding without tearing when the said element 1 ruptures. The said rupture element 1 is capable of breaking when the pressure inside the enclosure exceeds a predetermined ceiling. The signal from an explosion detector integrated with the rupture disc triggers a cooling system and prevents oxygen from coming into contact with the explosive gases generated by the electric arc in contact with the oil.

Abstract: The load current drawn from a power transformer is sensed to determine if and when the load current exceeds a predetermined threshold. The length of time the load current exceeds the threshold is also sensed. By monitoring the excess current flow and the length of time for which it flows, it is possible to anticipate a rise in the winding temperature of the power transformer and to initiate cooling before the windings have reached a critical temperature, as a function of the ambient temperature and/or the temperature of the transformer. Thus, systems embodying the invention include circuitry for sensing the current drawn from and/or by a transformer, determining when the current exceeds a predetermined value and timing circuits for sensing the length of time for which the excess current flows. The timing circuits are needed, in part, to differentiate between a transitory overload condition and a static, continuous, overload condition.

Abstract: A method for controlled proportioning of liguids with a postive-displacement device (2) for dislocating a gas cushion (17) includes measuring the pressure (pab) in the gas cushion (17) at the time of a complete discharge of a liquid volume, measuring the discharge time (tab) for a complete discharge of the liquid volume and determining the time demand (&Dgr;t) to compress the gas cushion (17) by the postive-displacement device by means of the pressure (pab), the dead volume (Vo) of the gas cushion (17), a gas condition equation, and the volumetric gas flow (Q) discharged by the postive-displacement device. A corrected discharge time (toab) is determined as a proportioning control magnitude by a deduction of the time demand (&Dgr;t) from the measured dischage time (tab) with outputting, and/or saving, and/or resorting to the deviation of the corrected discharge time (toab) from a desired discharge time (tsoll) for regulating the discharge of the liquid volume.

Abstract: A invention relates to a transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil, with a ferromagnetic core inserted in a coil former. The alternating current resistance of the primary coil (3) drops on reaching a triggering temperature (TC) which lies above the operating temperature but below the softening temperature (TW) of the coil former (6) and/or insulation of coil winding (3, 4). The coil core (5) may consist at least partially of a material with a magnetic permeability which drops when the triggering temperature (TC) is exceeded.

Abstract: The distribution transformer is installed in a station having N phases, at least N-1 phases being equipped on the high-voltage side of the transformer with respective current-limiting fuses capable of blowing in the event of a dead short circuit between the phases.

Abstract: A lamp with a temperature-controlled automatically protecting circuit which includes a temperature induction circuit and a sampling circuit with its input end to connect with an output end of the temperature induction circuit, wherein the temperature control automatically protecting circuit further includes: a comparing circuit which has an input end to connect with an output end of the sampling circuit and when a positive voltage drop across the sampling resistance of the sampling circuit is lower than a reference voltage, the comparing circuit will have a high electrical level output; a trigger circuit which has an input end to connect with an output end of the comparing circuit and a thyristor which can be triggered by the high electrical level output of the comparing circuit to have the trigger circuit in the on state; and a maintaining circuit which has a capacitance in parallel with the thyristor in the trigger circuit and which, after being in series with a resistance, have a low electric level output

Abstract: There is provided at least one pressure detector for detecting a change in pressure of an insulating medium, a vibration detector for detecting vibration of an oil-filled electric equipment, and a determination processor for determining, based on information detected by the pressure detector and the vibration detector, whether an internal short circuit has occurred in the oil-filled electrical equipment.

Abstract: An electrical transformer which is filled with a combustible coolant may experience a break in the electrical insulation within the transformer. This break in the electrical insulation may lead to an explosion or fire. A pressure sensor and a vapor sensor are preferably coupled to the enclosure to monitor the pressure and vapor content of the enclosure. An increase in pressure of the enclosure may indicate that an insulation breakdown has occurred. When an increase in pressure is detected, the coolant is partially drained from the enclosure. After draining some of the coolant, an inert gas may be injected into the bottom of the enclosure to stir the remaining coolant.

Abstract: A protection system for a three-phase distribution transformer immersed in a liquid dielectric contained in a tank, at least two of the three phases being equipped on the high voltage side of the transformer with respective current-limiting fuses. On each of the two phases equipped with current-limiting fuses, a protective micro-fuse is also connected in series with the current-limiting fuses and which operates faster than the current-limiting fuse. In addition, each micro-fuse is associated with a striker which, in turn, is connected to a mechanical trigger system which causes a three-phase short-circuiting device connected across the three phases to close in the event of a micro-fuse operating. Furthermore, the system includes at least one fault detector detecting one of pressure in the tank or the level of the dielectric. In particular, the three-phase short-circuiting device is situated on the high voltage side of the transformer between the current-limiting fuses and the high voltage windings.

Abstract: An electrical load, such as a motor, has a first and a second terminal element for supplying electricity to the load. The second terminal element is directly connected to the load whereas the first terminal element together with a further terminal element forms a clamping socket for a switching device. The further terminal element is electrically connected to the load. When the switching device is inserted into the seat, the first terminal element is connected to the load in series with the further terminal element via the switching device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for preventing a high voltage transformer of a microwave oven from being overheated, which directly senses a temperature in a second coil of the high voltage transformer of the microwave oven and thereby supplies or cuts off power to the transformer according to the temperature. In the device, a thermostat is opened/closed according to the temperature of the second coil of the transformer so as to regulate power supply to the first coil of the transformer, and accordingly the transformer is prevented from being overheated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic apparatus fastened on an oil transformer, which measures with precision, continuously and simultaneously the value of the temperature, of the level of the dielectric liquid contained in the transformer, of the pressure inside the transformer and of the current-strength at the transformer secondary. With this measure of the four parameters are associated the continuous memorization of these measures over 24 hours, the visualization of these memorized measures on the apparatus or at distance on a peripheral equipment connected to the apparatus as well as the control of an alarm system and of a stop system of the transformer for each parameter.