Abstract: A hybrid polymer aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a method for manufacturing a capacitor are disclosed.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a capacitor includes a winding element having a diameter of more than 10 mm, at least two tabs electrically contacted with an anode foil and at least two tabs electrically contacted with a cathode foil, wherein the capacitor is a hybrid polymer aluminum electrolytic capacitor, wherein the winding element is arranged inside a can having a can bottom, and wherein the can comprises a corrugation which fixes the winding element.

Abstract: A hybrid polymer aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a method for manufacturing a capacitor are disclosed. In an embodiment a method for manufacturing a capacitor includes winding an anode foil, separators and a cathode foil around an axis to form a winding element, flooding the winding element with a polymer dispersion, wherein the polymer dispersion contains electrically conductive solid polymer particles or a polymer powder and a solvent and applying pulses of overpressure to the flooded winding element.

Abstract: A hybrid polymer aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a method for manufacturing a capacitor are disclosed. In an embodiment a method for manufacturing a capacitor includes winding an anode foil, separators and a cathode foil around an axis to form a winding element, flooding the winding element with a polymer dispersion, wherein the polymer dispersion contains electrically conductive solid polymer particles or a polymer powder and a solvent and applying pulses of overpressure to the flooded winding element.

Abstract: The display module includes first and second FPC substrates disposed on top of each other. The first substrate has an IC mounted on it. The second FPC substrate has a cutout inside which the IC is disposed.

Abstract: A capacitor holder includes: a cylindrical portion made of a resin having a cylindrical shape and externally fitted to a capacitor; a pair of protrusions formed integrally with the cylindrical portion, the protrusions protruding in an outward direction of the cylindrical portion from positions opposed to each other with respect to an axis of the cylindrical portion; and a pair of metal pins protruding along the axis from axial end surfaces of the paired protrusions, the metal pins configured to solder the cylindrical portion and the protrusions to a printed circuit board. In the capacitor holder, a distance between the axis and outer circumferences of the protrusions is less than 0.76 times of an inner diameter of the cylindrical portion.

Abstract: A capacitor element includes an anode foil, the first oxide film on a surface of the anode foil, a solid electrolyte layer formed using ?-conjugated conductive polymer dispersing material on the first oxide film, and a cathode foil on the solid electrolyte layer. The cathode foil faces the first oxide film across the solid electrolyte layer. An electrolytic capacitor includes the capacitor element, an anode terminal connected to the anode foil, and a second oxide film on a surface of the anode terminal. The second oxide film provided on the anode terminal has higher water repellency than the first oxide film provided on the anode foil. This electrolytic capacitor can reduce a leakage current.

Abstract: An energy storage cell includes an energy storage part for storing electric charges, a container for housing the energy storage part, and a pair of electrode terminals connected to the energy storage part and exposed to the outside of the container. The container is formed to have a thick polygonal outer shape and a groove part linearly extending in a direction perpendicular to a thickness direction is provided in each of a pair of mutually facing side surfaces of the polygonal shape. Each of the electrode terminals includes a base end part connected to a corresponding polarity of the energy storage part in the container and an exposed part exposed to the outside of the container, and the exposed part is formed along an inner side of the groove part.

Abstract: Two electrodes are drawn out from a wound capacitor element by a pair of leads. Each of electrodes forming the capacitor element includes a sheet-like collector, an electrode layer formed on the surface of the collector, and an exposed part provided on one edge of the collector. The electrode layer is not formed on the exposed part. The electrodes are wound such that the exposed parts come to both ends of the capacitor element. Two or more points of at least one of the exposed parts are connected together.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrical energy storage system (100) comprising at least one coiled electrical energy storage element placed inside an envelope (200), said envelope (200) containing the coiled electrical energy storage element in a main body (210) of the envelope (200) and including at least one lid (230, 240), characterized in that said lid (230, 240), placed at one end of the main body of the envelope (200) and electrically connected by electrical connection means (280) to the coiled electrical energy storage element, is fastened to the main body (210) of the envelope (200) by a bonding means (600). The invention is particularly applicable in the production of electrical energy storage assemblies such as supercapacitors, batteries or generators.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a unit for storing electrical energy, comprising a cover and an outer casing, the method including a closing step (400) consisting of contactlessly applying a compressive force to one of the parts forming the storage unit, such that the cover and the outer casing are mechanically titled into one another so as to close the outer casing using the cover by means of the engagement of the shapes thereof.

Abstract: One example includes a capacitor case sealed to retain electrolyte, electrolyte disposed in the capacitor case, a capacitor electrode disposed in the capacitor case, an electronic component mounted to the capacitor electrode and disposed in the capacitor case, the electronic component including two contacts, with a first contact mounted onto the capacitor electrode and with a second contact mounted onto a terminal disposed on an exterior of the capacitor case and sealingly extending through the capacitor case, the first and second contacts electrically isolated from one another, a additional capacitor electrode disposed in the capacitor case, a separator disposed between the capacitor electrode and the additional capacitor electrode and a additional terminal disposed on the exterior of the capacitor case and in electrical communication with the additional capacitor electrode, with the terminal and the additional terminal electrically isolated from one another.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor includes an electrolytic capacitor element, anode terminals as a pair, and a conductive member. The capacitor element has an anode body formed by placing an anode foil and a cathode foil one above the other and by winding the anode and cathode foils, anode leads as a pair electrically connected to the anode foil, and a cathode lead electrically connected to the cathode foil. A dielectric layer is formed on a surface of the anode foil. A electrolyte layer is placed between the dielectric layer and the cathode foil. The anode terminals as a pair are each electrically connected to corresponding one of anode leads as a pair of the capacitor element. The conductive member electrically connects the anode terminals to each other outside the capacitor element.

Abstract: A lead 3 of an electrochemical device includes a lead body 3A containing Al, and a bent metallic thin film 3a provided to a tip part of the lead body 3A. The metallic thin film 3a includes a thin film body 3a1 containing Ni, and a plating layer 3a2 containing Sn and covering at least an outer surface of the bent thin film body 3a1. A specific area of an inner surface of the bent thin film body 3a1 and a surface of the lead body 3A are welded in a predetermined area without the plating layer 3a2 being disposed there between.

Abstract: An energy storage device includes an electrode unit in which a cathode having a cathode lead, an anode having an anode lead, and a separator located between the cathode and the anode to separate the cathode and the anode from each other are rolled together; a housing receiving the electrode unit; an electrolyte filled in the housing; an inner terminal arranged in the housing to face the electrode unit; and an outer terminal connected to the inner terminal. A groove is formed in a side of the inner terminal, and a side protrusion is formed on an inner wall of the housing at a location corresponding to the groove.

Abstract: A display device equipped with a touch panel may include a device chassis provided with an opening section, a display panel having a display surface disposed accessible through the opening section, a touch panel disposed on the display surface of the display panel and capable at least of selecting a function displayed on the display surface in response to a pressing operation on the touch panel, and a surface sheet for covering the touch panel on the opposite side to the display panel, and closing the opening section to form a substantially the same surface with the device chassis, wherein a reinforcing area for improving resistivity against pressing force applied from the outside may be provided in a predetermined range of the surface sheet.

Abstract: The present technology relates to fused capacitor structures provided with a leadframe design configured to accepting a plurality of selectively placed fuses. The leadframe and fuse configuration enables construction of fused capacitors exhibiting low Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) and allows construction of a variety of fuse configuration using a single leadframe design.

Abstract: There is provided an electrochemical capacitor including a lid; a case having a via, and forming a liquid chamber together with the lid; an electric storage element housed in the liquid chamber; an electrolyte housed in the liquid chamber; a wiring having a via part arranged within the via, and connecting an inside to an outside of the liquid chamber; an extraction electrode connected to the via part; an overcoating layer for coating the extraction electrode, and having an opening to expose a partial region of the extraction electrode; and a conductive adhesive layer for fixing the electric storage element to the overcoating layer, and electrically connecting the electric storage element to the extraction electrode through the opening.

Abstract: There is provided an electrochemical capacitor including a lid; a case having a via, and forming a liquid chamber together with the lid; an electric storage element housed in the liquid chamber; an electrolyte housed in the liquid chamber; a wiring having a via part arranged within the via, and connecting an inside to an outside of the liquid chamber; an extraction electrode connected to the via part; an overcoating layer for coating the extraction electrode, and having an opening to expose a partial region of the extraction electrode; and a conductive adhesive layer for fixing the electric storage element to the overcoating layer, and electrically connecting the electric storage element to the extraction electrode through the opening.

Abstract: An electronic component includes a lead wire, a functional element, and an outer housing. The lead wire includes a leader electrode made of metal containing aluminum, a metal wire containing tin, and a welded section formed by welding a first end of the metal wire to a first end of the leader electrode. A second end of the leader electrode is connected to the functional element. The outer housing seals the functional element therein such that a second end of the metal wire is led out therefrom. The lead wire further includes a resin film coating the welded section at least at a portion not covered with the outer housing. Resin material for the resin film has pierce strength of 0.05 MPa/?m per unit thickness or greater and an elastic coefficient of 10 GPa or less.

Abstract: A first cathode lead terminal is arranged closer to one end of a cathode foil than a second cathode lead terminal, and a first anode lead terminal is arranged closer to one end of an anode foil than a second anode lead terminal. In a cross-section perpendicular to an axis, a core has a first length along a first straight line passing through the axis and a second length along a second straight line passing through the axis and orthogonal to the first straight line, and the first length is smaller than the second length. When the cathode and the anode foils are together wound around the core from each one end, the first straight line lies between the first cathode lead terminal and the first anode lead terminal and the second straight line lies between the second cathode lead terminal and the second anode lead terminal.

Abstract: An electrochemical device, e.g., an electric double layer capacitor, is applicable to high-temperature reflow soldering wherein a lead-free solder is used, and is provided with an electric storage element, a package having the electric storage element sealed therein, and a positive electrode terminal and a negative electrode terminal, each of which is led out from the electric storage element and is provided with a part sealed in the package with the electric storage element and other part led out to the outside the package. On a part of the positive electrode terminal and on a part of the negative electrode terminal, increased thermal resistance sections for suppressing heat transfer to the electric storage element via the terminals from other parts of the positive electrode terminal and other parts of the negative electrode terminal are arranged, respectively.

Abstract: In an electrochemical cell including a cathode 7, an anode 6, electrolyte 10, a hollow container 1 accommodating these members, and terminals extending from the inside to the outside of the hollow container 1, the terminals include a plurality of inner terminals 5a formed on the inner surface of the hollow container 1, a cathode outer terminal 5b1 formed on the outer surface of the hollow container 1, and an inner layer wire 5c formed on the inner layer of the hollow container 1 for commonly connecting the plurality of inner terminals 5a to the cathode outer terminal 5b1.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed which includes an electrolytic capacitive element with multiple capacitor sections.

Abstract: An electric double layer capacitor has an element, a first terminal, a second terminal, a resin-made case, and a resin-made lid. A pair of electrodes are led out of the element. Each of the electrodes is connected to each of the first terminal and the second terminal. The element and an electrolyte are accommodated in the case having an opening top surface, and the lid is bonded to the top surface of the case. The joints of the first and second terminals are disposed at positions higher than the inner bottom of the case, and are exposed upward. The rims of the joints and intermediate conductive sections continuing from them are buried in the case, and the terminal sections continuing from the intermediate conductive sections are led from the side surface of the case to the outside.

Abstract: A stacked electric double layer capacitor includes a capacitor unit, an aluminum laminate film, and a current collector terminal. The capacitor unit includes a pressure plate, and a current collector plate arranged inside the pressure plate. The aluminum laminate film wraps the capacitor unit, and includes a periphery that defines and surrounds a hole at a side surface of the capacitor unit. The current collector terminal is L-shaped, and includes a contact portion in contact with the current collector plate, and a terminal portion arranged perpendicular to the contact portion, wherein at least a part of the terminal portion is exposed through the hole of the aluminum laminate film, and connected to an external circuit, and the terminal portion is heat-welded to the aluminum laminate film.

Abstract: A capacitor has a capacitor element, an open-topped case on which terminals joined to a pair of electrode lead sections of the capacitor element are disposed facing each other, and a cover combined with the open surface of the case. Each terminal has a pair of intermediate conductive sections and a pair of terminal sections. The joint has a joint surface to which one of the electrode lead sections of the capacitor element is joined. The intermediate conductive sections are L-shaped, and are extendedly disposed in directions opposite to each other from both ends of the joint. The terminal sections are disposed further extendedly from the intermediate conductive sections and placed symmetrically about the joint.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor in which positions of an anode terminal and a cathode terminal in a wound-type capacitor element can be fixed and consequently increase in leakage current can be suppressed and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The electrolytic capacitor including a wound-type capacitor element having an anode terminal and a cathode terminal, a bottomed case accommodating the wound-type capacitor element, and a sealing member sealing the winding structure portion in the bottomed case, through which the anode terminal and the cathode terminal penetrate, includes a fixing member arranged between the winding structure portion and the sealing member and having openings in number not smaller than the sum of the number of anode terminals and the number of cathode terminals, the anode terminal and the cathode terminal passing through the openings, and the anode terminal and the cathode terminal being fixed by the fixing member.

Abstract: A capacitor is improved in reliability by suppressing the formation of burrs or protrusions at a joint portion between an aluminum wire round rod and an external terminal in a lead wire used for a capacitor. A metal cap having a higher melting point than aluminum is fitted to an end portion of the aluminum wire round rod and the metal cap is heated, thereby joining the aluminum wire round rod to the metal cap. Thereafter, the external terminal and the metal cap are welded to each other. The metal cap has a curved surface in which an outer periphery is decreased from an opening toward an end portion opposite to the opining. The opening is provided with a stepped portion, so that the sealing degree is increased when the lead wire is inserted into a hole of the sealing member.

Abstract: A lead-wire includes a led-out electrode made of metal and a cap. The cap is put over an end of the led-out electrodes, and is made of metal harder than the metal forming the led-out electrodes. An electronic component includes a functional element and the lead-wire. The led-out electrodes is led out of the functional element.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present subject matter includes a stack of substantially planar electrodes including at least a first and second anode layer, and a plurality of cathode layers, a case in which the stack is disposed and to which the plurality of cathode layers is connected, a first feedthrough disposed through the case and connected to the first anode and a second feedthrough disposed through the case and connected to the second anode, wherein a first capacitor including the first anode layer and a second capacitor including the second anode layer are electrically isolated.

Abstract: An electronic component includes a functional element, first and second collectors joined to the functional element, and an outer package integrally covering the functional element and the first and second collectors. The functional element has first and second end surfaces having circular shapes and a side surface having a cylindrical shape extending along a center axis. The element includes first and second electrode foils rolled about the center axis and exposed from the first and second surfaces, respectively. The outer package has first and second surfaces parallel to the first and second end surfaces of the functional element, and has first to fourth corners as seen from a direction of the center axis. The first corner is adjacent to the second corner. The first and second terminals are arranged at the first and second corners of the outer package, respectively. This electronic component can have a small size and a small height while reducing its equivalent series resistance.

Abstract: A capacitor includes a wound element, and externally take-out electrode members corresponding respectively to a first pole and a second pole and connected to each one of end faces of the wound element. This capacitor features that the wound element is positively fixed to the externally take-out electrode members, and has advantageously a small internal resistance. Collectors in inner circumference region of the wound element are bent in an opposite direction to a core of a winding shaft, and collectors in an outer circumference region are bent toward the core of the winding shaft. End faces of these collectors are connected to a lid, thereby forming a first pole of the capacitor, and end faces of those collectors are connected to a housing, thereby forming a second pole of the capacitor.

Abstract: A filament post used in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition has an outer shell and an inner post. An electrical potential is applied only to the inner post to ensure that there is no impact on the plasma density and the carbon film properties. The inner post and the outer shell are electrically insulated by ceramic insulators, such that no electrical potential is applied to outer shell. The stress generated in the carbon film is directly related to the electrical potential of the surface to which the film is deposited. The carbon film deposited on the outer shell of the post is not highly stressed, which significantly reduces film delamination from the filament post surfaces.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolyte containing tetrafluoroaluminate ions, which is advantageous in that the electrolyte can be prevented from leaking from both the cathode and the anode in an electrolytic capacitor.

Abstract: An example includes a capacitor case sealed to retain electrolyte, at least one anode disposed in the capacitor case, the at least one anode comprising a sintered portion disposed on a substrate, an anode conductor coupled to the substrate in electrical communication with the sintered portion, the anode conductor sealingly extending through the capacitor case to an anode terminal disposed on the exterior of the capacitor case with the anode terminal in electrical communication with the sintered portion, a second electrode disposed in the capacitor case, a separator disposed between the second electrode and the anode and a second electrode terminal disposed on an exterior of the capacitor case and in electrical communication with the second electrode, with the anode terminal and the second electrode terminal electrically isolated from one another.

Abstract: An example includes a capacitor case sealed to retain electrolyte, at least one anode disposed in the capacitor case, the at least one anode comprising a sintered portion disposed on a substrate, an anode conductor coupled to the substrate in electrical communication with the sintered portion, the anode conductor sealingly extending through the capacitor case to an anode terminal disposed on the exterior of the capacitor case with the anode terminal in electrical communication with the sintered portion, a cathode disposed in the capacitor case, a separator disposed between the cathode and the anode and a cathode terminal disposed on an exterior of the capacitor case and in electrical communication with the cathode, with the anode terminal and the cathode terminal electrically isolated from one another.

Abstract: Provided is an electronic components assembly capable of effectively dealing with unwanted charge accumulated in a capacitor even when general-purpose components are used. An assembly 10 includes an electrolytic capacitor 1, a coil lead 4, and a circuit mounting board 5. The electrolytic capacitor 1 includes a main body 1a, an anode lead 2, and a cathode lead 3. The coil lead 4 is wrapped around the main body 1a. The circuit mounting board 5 has the electrolytic capacitor 1 and the coil lead 4 mounted thereon. The coil lead 4 is connected to a ground of the circuit mounting board 5.

Abstract: The present subject matter includes a capacitor stack disposed in a case, the capacitor stack including one or more substantially planar electrode layers. The one or more substantially planar electrode layers have an etched surface, an unetched surface, and a grade bordering the etched surface and the unetched surface. Also, the present subject matter includes a lid conforming sealingly connected to the material defining the first aperture. Additionally, the present subject matter includes a feedthrough assembly connected to the capacitor stack and passing through the feedthrough hole and sealingly connected to the material defining the feedthrough hole. In the present subject matter, the one or more substantially planar electrode layers are made by printing a curable resin mask onto the one or more substantially planar electrode layers and etching the layers, the curable resin mask defining the grade and adapted to resist etching.

Abstract: A method is described for manufacturing a conductive polymer electrolytic capacitor. The method includes a step of aging a capacitor element including an electrolyte containing a conductive polymer and an ionic liquid by applying an aging voltage y (V) to the capacitor element to satisfy the following formula (1) or the following formula (2). In the following formulae (1) and (2), x represents a forming voltage for a valve metal. An electrolytic capacitor having a high withstand voltage is implemented by this method. 0.5x?y?x(0<x?48)??(1) 24?y?x(48<x)??(2).

Abstract: A plurality of capacitor cells (10) are layered to form a cell group. On the top of each capacitor cell (10), a pair of electrode plates (10b) is formed to protrude upward. The adjacent electrode plates (10b) are connected to each other. A connection piece (20) protruding upward is attached to each of the electrode plates (10b). The connection piece (20) is connected to a circuit substrate (30). Thus, it is possible to effectively make a connection between the cell group of the capacitor cells (10) and the circuit substrate (30).

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor includes an anode lead, a cathode lead and a seat plate. The seat plate has two grooves. The anode lead is bent along one of the grooves in the seat plate to be placed in the groove. The cathode lead is bent along the other groove in the seat plate to be placed in the groove. Accordingly, a space will be formed between the anode lead and the edges of one of the grooves in the seat plate, and likewise, between the cathode lead and the edges of the other groove in the seat plate. The anode lead and the cathode lead are mounted to a substrate with solders, and the electrolytic capacitor is mounted to the substrate. Accordingly, enhanced adhesion of the electrolytic capacitor to substrates is achieved.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a feed thru for use in an electrolytic capacitor case. First, an electrode is inserted into a liquid injection mold. Liquid elastomer is then injected into the mold to surround a portion of the electrode. The elastomer is cured, and the resulting electrode and feed thru combination is inserted into a machined hole in a capacitor case. The machined hole may be located on either the base or the lid of the capacitor case. In other embodiments, a ferrule may also be placed in the liquid injection mold prior to injecting liquid elastomer. When a ferrule is used, the assembly may be welded into a machined hole in a capacitor case.

Abstract: A capacitor is improved in reliability by suppressing the formation of burrs or protrusions at a joint portion between an aluminum wire round rod and an external terminal in a lead wire used for a capacitor. A metal cap having a higher melting point than aluminum is fitted to an end portion of the aluminum wire round rod and the metal cap is heated, thereby joining the aluminum wire round rod to the metal cap. Thereafter, the external terminal and the metal cap are welded to each other. The metal cap has a curved surface in which an outer periphery is decreased from an opening toward an end portion opposite to the opining. The opening is provided with a stepped portion, so that the sealing degree is increased when the lead wire is inserted into a hole of the sealing member.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a capacitor stack, including one or more substantially planar anode layers, and one or more substantially planar cathode layers. Additionally, the capacitor has a case having a first opening and a second opening, the first opening sized for passage of the capacitor stack, and a cover substantially conforming to the first opening and sealingly connected to the first opening. Also, the capacitor includes a plate substantially conforming to the second opening and sealingly connected to the second opening, the plate defining an aperture. Additionally, the capacitor includes a plug substantially conforming to the aperture in the plate, the plug sealingly connected to the plate. The capacitor stack is disposed in the case, and the terminal is in electrical connection with the case and at least one capacitor electrode.

Abstract: A capacitor includes a wound element, and externally take-out electrode members corresponding respectively to a first pole and a second pole and connected to each one of end faces of the wound element. This capacitor features that the wound element is positively fixed to the externally take-out electrode members, and has advantageously a small internal resistance. Collectors in inner circumference region of the wound element are bent in an opposite direction to a core of a winding shaft, and collectors in an outer circumference region are bent toward the core of the winding shaft. End faces of these collectors are connected to a lid, thereby forming a first pole of the capacitor, and end faces of those collectors are connected to a housing, thereby forming a second pole of the capacitor.

Abstract: The electromagnetic relay of the present invention comprises a base (10), an electromagnet (20) disposed on the base, an armature (30) supported rotatably by the base, a movable spring (40) whose one end has a movable contact (41) and the opposite end is secured to the base, a fixed contact (51) disposed opposite to the movable contact, and a card (60). The card has a coupling part (61) to be coupled to the armature and an insertion hole (62) to which the one end of the movable spring is inserted, and it deforms the movable spring elastically in conjunction with a swing motion of the armature to selectively open or close a connection between the movable contact and the fixed contact. The movable spring has a U-shaped hook formed by bending the one end of the movable spring toward the opposite end side, and the hook can pass through the insertion hole while being pushed by an inner surface of the insertion hole and being deformed elastically, and an end of the hook is engaged with the card.

Abstract: An exemplary capacitor has a capacitor stack positioned in a case with a conductor positioned between the case and a lid. In one embodiment the conductor is positioned between the lid and an upper rim of the case and is welded to the lid and case. In one aspect, a capacitor constructed with round wire connectors for interconnecting anode and cathode layers. In one aspect, a configuration for electrically connecting a terminal wire to a capacitor case in which an end of the wire is attached to the case in end-on fashion. The terminal wire may have an expanded end for attaching to the capacitor case in a manner that minimizes the effect on the height profile of the case.

Abstract: A capacitor has a capacitor element, a packaging material, and a sealing material. The capacitor element has an anode foil coupled to an anode terminal, a cathode foil coupled to a cathode terminal, a separator, and an electrolyte layer. The anode foil, the cathode foil and the separator are rolled together. The separator is between the anode foil and the cathode foil. The electrolyte layer is formed between the anode foil and the cathode foil. The packaging material has an opening and packages the capacitor element. The sealing material has a through hole where the anode terminal and the cathode terminal pass through and seals the opening of the packaging material. A given space is provided between the sealing material and the capacitor element. A stopper for securing the space is provided on at least one of the anode terminal and the cathode terminal.

Abstract: An electrical assembly, comprising a heat producing semiconductor device supported on a first major surface of a direct bond metal substrate that has a set of heat sink protrusions supported by its second major surface. In one preferred embodiment the heat sink protrusions are made of the same metal as is used in the direct bond copper.