Abstract: An ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp which is small and has high light radiation intensity and moreover good color reproduction with high efficiency in which, even with a large amount of mercury added, a failure of the mercury to vaporize in the bulb part does not occur, and in which blackening of the bulb part due to wearing of the electrodes even under a large electrode load as a result of shortening of the distance between the electrodes is low is obtained by an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp in which a bulb part of the discharge vessel made of translucent material has an essentially ovoid shape, is filled with at least 0.2 mg/mm3 of mercury and which is operated at an input wattage of at most 400 W using direct current, has the length D of the tip area of the anode and the length L of the bulb part in the direction of the tube axis of the lamp set in accordance with the relationship D?L/2.

Abstract: A novel fluorescent lamp adaptor that safely converts an existing fluorescent lighting fixture that was designed to hold a “2D” 4-pin series fluorescent lamp to one that uses a “2C” series twin circular fluorescent lamp. The use of a type “2C” fluorescent lamp is advantageous because of its compactness, and greater efficiency, which is commensurate with a longer operational life.

Abstract: An electroluminescent cable includes a plurality of strands extending along the length of the cable, with the outer surfaces of adjacent strands in contact with each other. At least one strand is of high tensile strength, and at least one other strand is of high light-conductivity. The strands have non-planar outer surfaces to define a recess extending along the length of the cable between the outer contacting surfaces of two adjacent strands. The cable further includes at least one electroluminescent fiber disposed in the recess between, and being in contact with, the outer contacting surfaces of two adjacent strands; and an outer light-conductive jacket enclosing the plurality of strands and the electroluminescent fiber. The outer light-conductive jacket may be integrally formed with a mounting flange extending along its length for mounting the electroluminescent cable.

Abstract: A bent fluorescent lamp for backlighting a display providing uniform illumination. A fluorescent lamp is made from a tubular glass envelope having right angles formed therein. The right angles provide improved illumination of a plane surface for backlighting a liquid crystal display. The right angles eliminate dark regions in the illuminated surface. A right-angled bend is also formed at the ends of the fluorescent lamp. An electrode is positioned sufficiently far from a central portion of the lamp so that any dark spaces in the gas discharge of the fluorescent lamp, such as the Faraday dark space associated with a cathode of a lamp are not formed within the central portion. As a result, the central portion of the fluorescent lamp has a uniform brightness or intensity providing improved illumination for backlighting a liquid crystal display. The resulting more uniform illumination with less dark regions results in a more legible display and more accurate information being displayed.

Abstract: A lighting system for projecting a soft light with a flat reflector to provide a fill light with minimal spill light. Conventional light sources, U-shaped glass, fluorescent tubes preferably having phosphor coatings, are located at a position other than parallel to one another, that is, the socket assemblies are mounted in a V position at about 110° angle to opposing ends of the lighting fixture assembly. This placement provides a greater light output than is achievable by positioning the light sources parallel to one another, in addition to increasing the number of tubes used in the small space, thus decreasing the size and/or weight of the housing and increasing the light output. Furthermore, the fluorescent tubes will act as a reflector due to the angled position.

Abstract: The planar light emitting mechanism comprises a rectangular light guiding plate and a lamp. The lamp is disposed on a side of the light guiding plate, having a brighter effective emitting area and two curved darker emitting areas. The darker emitting areas are adjacent to the corners of the rectangular light guiding plate, wherein the brighter effective emitting area is between the darker emitting areas.

Abstract: A back light module is provided. The back light module comprises a frame, a U-shaped lamp tube and a diffusion plate. The U-shaped lamp tube is set inside the frame. The U-shaped lamp has two electrodes that face the bottom section of the frame just underneath the lamp tube. The diffusion plate is also set inside the frame above the U-shaped lamp tube. Since the U-shaped lamp tube forms the light source of the back light module, the number of light tubes is only half of that of the conventional back light module having straight lamp tubes and hence the light energy required to illuminate the module is effectively reduced.

Abstract: A low cost under-cabinet and display case lighting system that permits the highest degree of flexibility in the installation and location of luminaires for under-cabinet and display case lighting. The system consists of a high-frequency power source, an interconnection cord, and one or more high-frequency luminaires. The high-frequency power source is powered from a source of 50 or 60 Hertz power. The interconnection cord is connected to the high-frequency output of high-frequency power source. The high-frequency luminaires are mounted in the desired locations under the cabinets or display case shelves. The interconnecting cord is then routed to each of the high-frequency luminaires and placed over the input terminals. The protective cover is then forced over the interconnecting cord in the area of the input terminals forcing the input terminals to pierce and displace the insulation of the cord and make contact with the conductors within the interconnecting cord.

Abstract: A circular fluorescent lamp comprises a light-transmitting circular tube, filled with a discharge gas including mercury and a rare gas, having an outer diameter between about 14 mm and 18 mm. A phosphor layer is coated on the inner surface of the light-transmitting circular tube. A stem seals each end of the light-transmitting circular tube air-tightly, and holds a pair of conductive wires. One of the ends of each pair are connected to a filament, and the other of the ends extend outwardly from the circular tube. A lamp base is arranged between the ends of the light-transmitting circular tube so as to rotate slightly around the center axis of the circular tube and includes conductive pins, which are connected to the conductive wires. An insulator, arranged between at least one pair of the conductive wires, limits the movement of the conductive wires. The circular fluorescent lamp may be used for a lighting fixture.

Abstract: A compact self-ballasted fluorescent lamp includes an arc tube formed by a glass tube double-spirally wound from its middle to both ends around a spiral axis, and a cylindrical holding member having a closed bottom and holding the arc tube, a case fit to cover a circumferential wall of the holding member, and the like. End-vicinity parts of the glass tube are formed to have a larger gap with glass tube parts adjacent in the direction of the spiral axis. The arc tube is held in a state where the distance L1 between a first point that is on an outer surface of a glass tube part adjacent to one of the ends of the glass tube in the direction of the spiral axis and a second point on a surface of the end wall facing the first point is about 1.5 mm.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method of enhancing illumination by a variety of lamp types through the use of reflective technologies, for example, replacement of expensive high intensity density or mercury vapor lamps with low wattage flourescent tubes having at least one and in some cases, up to three reflective surfaces for focusing otherwise lost light toward a target illumination area. Further, the placement of light sources at the focal point of said reflective surfaces aids in optimizing the amount of light focused in a desired direction.

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp 1A has a light emitting vessel 2A made of a semitransparent ceramic material and having a pair of end portions 2a each with an opening formed in the end portion and a light emitting portion 2a, a pair of discharge electrodes 5, and electrode supporting members 4 each supporting the electrode 5 and fixed to the end portion 2a. The vessel 2A defines an inner space 6 with an ionizable light emitting substance and starter gas filled in the inner space 6. The electrodes 5 are contained in the inner space 6. The light emitting portion 2b has a thicker portion 2g and a thinner portion 2c. The thinner portion 2c has a cross sectional area of not smaller than 35 percent and not larger than 80 percent of that of the thicker portion 2g so that the light emitting portion 2b has a brightness center 9 in the thinner portion 2c.

Abstract: In a circular fluorescent lamp unit comprising: a glass bulb 1 which is bent into a ring shape with both ends abutting on each other, has phosphor powder coated on an inner wall thereof, has electrodes provided at the respective ends in an inner space thereof and has mercury and inert gas sealed therein; and a cap which has connection pins used for electrically connecting the electrodes in the glass bulb with the outside and is attached so as to cut across the both ends of the glass bulb, a tube outer diameter of the glass bulb 1 is 13 mm to 20 mm, a ring outer diameter of the ring is 145 mm to 170 mm, lamp wattage is not more than 20 W, and lighting is carried out with a high frequency which is not less than 10 kHz.

Abstract: Linear lamp energy output is tuned by adjusting the reflectivity of reflectors or shade members used to direct, focus and filter energy output of a linear bulb. Reflectivity is reduced in areas of the reflector contributing to high irradiance levels in a target area allowing, for example, overall equalization of irradiance across the target area. An outer surface of the linear bulb may have a modified diameter, light transmission reducing surface treatment or an added sleeve to linear bulb areas contributing to irradiance levels in specific locations in the target area that are higher than desired. Alternatively and or additionally, a lens or shade member having a graduated convergence, reflectivity and or transmisivity may be used.

Abstract: An elongated perimeter light is disclosed, which comprises a linear array of light sources (LEDs) that are electrically illuminated. The array of light sources is disposed within an elongated transparent tube, with the tube transmitting and dispersing the light from the array giving the appearance that said array of light sources is a continuous light source. The array of light sources is capable of being cut at intervals down its length to shorten it. The light sources that remain in the array continue to emit light and the tube can be cut to match the length of said array. The present invention also discloses systems for lighting structural features, with one system according to the present invention comprising a plurality of elongated perimeter lights. The perimeter lights are electrically coupled in a daisy chain with the electrical power at each of the perimeter lights being transmitted to the successive light.

Abstract: This invention concerns a compact fluorescent lamp with a double helix shaped discharge tube in which the two strands of the helix are constituted by two helix shaped tube portions. These tube portions define a central axis of the discharge tube. The double helix formed by the discharge tube has a central section and a first end section. These sections are defined along the central axis, and the lamp base for receiving ends of the tube portions is disposed at the first end section. An inner diameter of the central section of the helix is larger than an inner diameter of the first end section. The invention further relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing coiled shaped discharge tubes, in particular the above described discharge tube of the discharge lamp. A radially segmented molding core is used for manufacturing the discharge tube.

Abstract: A portable stack lamp includes a base supported by a supporting device, such as an extensible tripod and a plurality of rolling wheels, two or more lamp units stacked up to form a stack-up lamp body mounted on said base, and a cover which is adapted to cover a top opening of the housing of the lamp unit having a handle affixed thereon. The portable stack lamp is arranged to provide 360 degrees illumination so as to produce luminous beams in all directions while the user is able to selectively increase or decrease its luminous intensity by simply stacking up more or less lamp unit easily anytime. Therefore, the portable stack lamp can illuminate the surrounding that not only minimizes the number of work lamps to be used but also saves both the electrical energy and illumination cost.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp, a direct replacement of any size or shape of a standard incandescent lamp used inside or outside of any motorized vehicle like trucks, motor homes farm equipment or non motor vehicle applications like truck trailer, campers, recreational applications using the current mounting fixtures. The lamp can be made to fit existing or new vehicle or non-vehicle applications worldwide. The fluorescent lamp can contain a cut-off sensor circuit, regulated step up and step-down circuit allowing the lamp to be used in or on many types of D.C. voltage applications worldwide preventing the lamp circuit and fluorescent bulb from under power or over power thus providing better safety of the circuit, the fluorescent bulb and allowing all components of the lamp to have a much longer life.

Abstract: A frame and a method of making a frame for supporting a sign having a gas discharge tube. The frame includes a plurality of frame members. Each of the frame members is made entirely of extruded plastic. A plurality of tube hangers are coupled to the frame members for supporting the tube. At least some of the frame members are made of extruded polycarbonate, extruded polyvinyl chloride, or other suitable plastics. The method includes extruding a length of plastic and forming the sign from the length of extruded plastic. The forming step can include cutting the length of plastic into a plurality of plastic members and securing the plurality of plastic members together to form the frame.

Abstract: Disclosed is a discharge lamp with enhanced vertical illuminance and accordingly improved light distribution characteristics that is easy to manufacture and suitable for mass production. For a discharge lamp in which a discharge path with a double helix configuration is formed or a discharge lamp in which a plurality of U-shaped tubes are placed on an arc tube holder to form a single tortuous discharge path, a width of a turning part 106 is specified so as to narrow spaces formed in an arc tube top part, or swelling parts are provided in a vicinity of the arc tube top part so as to narrow the spaces.

Abstract: A decorative light bulb includes an outer surface forming a decorative shape and one or more inert gases inserted within the decorative light bulb to create ethereal electrical arcing having a first color. A surface feature is formed along the outer surface and a coating is applied on an inner surface of the surface feature. As a result of the coating, ethereal electrical arcing is formed having a second color along the inner surface of the surface feature.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp lighting device includes a fluorescent light bulb having an electrode filament and an electronic lighting circuit substrate for lighting the fluorescent light bulb, wherein a capacitor connected in parallel with the fluorescent light bulb, a positive characteristic thermistor connected in parallel with the capacitor, and a negative characteristic thermistor connected in parallel with the electrode filament are mounted on the electronic lighting circuit substrate, and wherein the negative characteristic thermistor, having a mounting surface, is mounted in such a manner that the mounting surface is in abutment with the electronic lighting circuit substrate. The positive characteristic thermistor and the negative characteristic thermistor are preferably mounted on mutually different mounting surfaces among the two mounting surfaces of the obverse and reverse surfaces of the electronic lighting circuit substrate.

Abstract: An adapter (1) for a discharge lamp which comprises a socket portion (3) and a plug portion (5). The socket portion is suitable for receiving electrical contacts of a first discharge lamp which includes a discharge tube disposed substantially in a planar zone having a principal plane. The socket portion has an associated socket contacting plane where the socket contacting plane is defined as the principal plane of the discharge tube of the first discharge lamp when the latter is inserted into the socket portion. The plug portion is insertable into an external female socket which is suitable for receiving a second discharge lamp including a planar tube configuration. The plug portion also has an associated plug contacting plane. This plug contacting plane is defined as the principal plane of the tube configuration of the second discharge lamp when this latter is inserted into the external female socket. The adapter further comprises a connecting portion for connecting the socket portion and the plug portion.

Abstract: An illuminating device mainly includes a tube-like lamp disposed in a main body. The tube-like lamp has two terminal portions adapted for electrically connecting to a power source and a bending portion between the terminal portions. The main body is provided with a support having two hooked portions configured to support the tube-like lamp. The present invention further provides another tube-like lamp characterized by having a buffer part securely attached on the bending portion for lessening or absorbing the shock of an impact on the tube-like lamp. The support may has a gap between the hooked portions such that the tube-like lamp fit with sufficient tightness into the gap between the hooked portions thereby immobilizing the tube-like lamp more efficiently and absorbing the shock.

Abstract: An anti-slip fluorescent electronic energy-saving lamp comprises a fluorescent tube or bulb and a lamp cabinet within which the electronic parts are installed. The outer shell of the lamp cabinet is of a surface of revolution, on which an anti-slip ring is mounted. The anti-slip ring is made of anti-slip materials and the ring sectional plane of the anti-slip ring is in parallel with the circular sectional plane of the outer shell of the lamp cabinet. Thanks to the anti-slip ring mounted outside the outer shell of the lamp cabinet, the fluorescent electronic energy-saving lamp of the present invention is easy to grasp and will not be easily to fall to the ground and break into pieces in installation and usage. Since the anti-slip ring is made of rubber or plastic, it can be made into various colors, which is helpful for identification and decoration.

Abstract: A curvilinear lighting louver is described in which first and second reflectors are formed in curvilinear configurations with respect to an axis, with parabolic reflector surfaces facing toward and away from the axis. Baffles connect the first and second reflectors between the first and second parabolic reflector surfaces. The baffles include third parabolic reflector surfaces extending substantially radially with respect to the axis.

Abstract: A lighting installation, in particular a danger light, obstruction light or daytime and night-time marker, having at least one luminaire and at least one lighting device arranged in a housing of the luminaire, with the lighting device being in the form of a ring or part of a ring and defining a ring axis, the lighting device being assigned at least a first, wholly or partially encircling reflector surface, which defines an axis of rotation, and the ring axis and axis of rotation run essentially parallel to one another or even coaxially with one another.

Abstract: An electroluminescent cable includes a plurality of strands extending along the length of the cable, with the outer surfaces of adjacent strands in contact with each other. At least one strand is of high tensile strength, and at least one other strand is of high light-conductivity. The strands have non-planar outer surfaces to define a recess extending along the length of the cable between the outer contacting surfaces of two adjacent strands. The cable further includes at least one electroluminescent fiber disposed in the recess between, and being in contact with, the outer contacting surfaces of two adjacent strands; and an outer light-conductive jacket enclosing the plurality of strands and the electroluminescent fiber. The outer light-conductive jacket may be integrally formed with a mounting flange extending along its length for mounting the electroluminescent cable.

Abstract: An illuminating device mainly includes a tube-like lamp disposed in a main body. The tube-like lamp has two terminal portions adapted for electrically connecting to a power source and a bending portion between the terminal portions. The main body is provided with a support having two hooked portions configured to support the tube-like lamp. The present invention further provides another tube-like lamp characterized by having a buffer part securely attached on the bending portion for lessening or absorbing the shock of an impact on the tube-like lamp. The support may has a gap between the hooked portions such that the tube-like lamp fit with sufficient tightness into the gap between the hooked portions thereby immobilizing the tube-like lamp more efficiently and absorbing the shock.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a compact fluorescent lamp comprises a spiral compact fluorescent tube comprising a plurality of loops, at least one of the plurality of loops having a different cross-sectional width than a cross-sectional width of at least another one of the plurality of loops.

Abstract: A lighting system for projecting a soft light has a light source with flat reflector to provide a fill light without any spill light. The light source is located at a position other than a parallel position, the socket assembly is mounted on a V position at a 110° Degree angle and to be mounted on both sides of the lighting fixture assembly. This placement provides a greater light output than is achievable by position the light source in a parallel, in addition to doubling the amount of the tubes used in the same space thus decreasing the size and the weight of the housing and increasing the light output. Furthermore the Fluorescent tubes will act as a reflector due to the angle position.

Abstract: To provide a bulb-type lamp in which a globe is fixed to a case without a tilt, and a manufacturing method for the bulb-type lamp. The globe is bonded to a connector using a thermosetting resin, in a state where a neck part of the globe is inserted in a groove of the connector without contacting the bottom of the groove. The connector is then fixed to the case by means of a fitting construction. This makes it unnecessary to perform a heating process to cure an adhesive after an envelope is formed by the globe and the case. Hence the tilting of the globe caused by the thermal expansion of air in the envelope can be prevented.

Abstract: Illumination arrangement (2), profiled bodies (5) of a light permeable material being formed in a base body (4), which profiled bodies are spaced apart from one another by means of recesses (6). To each profiled body there is applied a luminous means (7) which emits light into the corresponding profiled body. The light is directed internally by the profiled body (5) to an emission surface of the base body (4) in such a manner that it emerges there within a maximum emission angle range, to avoid dazzling an observer. As luminous means (7) a flat fluorescent lamp can in particular be employed.

Abstract: A brightness enhanced head lamp includes a hyperboloid reflecting mirror disposed within a housing, a head lens member coupled to the housing to extend transaxially across a front portion of the hyperboloid reflecting mirror, and a primary light source disposed between the hyperboloid reflecting mirror and the head lens member. The head lamp further includes a secondary light source disposed between the head lens member and the front portion of the hyperboloid reflecting mirror for augmenting the light generated by the primary light source. In certain embodiments, the secondary light source is formed with a fluorescent material disposed at an inner surface of the head lens member. In certain other embodiments, an auxiliary lighting element is disposed adjacent the fluorescent material, such that the fluorescent material may be further illuminated to emit fluoresced light responsive thereto.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus is provided that includes a bulb housing having a first surface, and a second surface, wherein the first surface is at an angle greater than zero degrees, but less than or equal to forty-five degrees from a second surface, and wherein the second surface is parallel to a plane on which the bulb housing is to be mounted, and a receptacle connected to the first surface. A quad-tube fluorescent bulb is accommodated within the receptacle. When the angle has a value of forty-five degrees, three tubes of the quad-tube fluorescent bulb are exposed and seventy-five percent of the lighting produced by the quad-tube fluorescent bulb is direct light and twenty-five percent of the lighting produced is indirect or reflected light.

Abstract: A lighting louver and process steps for forming at least portions of a louver are described in which the louver may include a “V” shaped louver body with opposed sides that diverge from a narrow end that include a vertex of the “V” shape, to a wide end. At least one integral hinge at the narrow end joins medial portions of the opposed sides along a singular fold line. The medial portions contact one another at a location adjacent to the singular fold line. At least one inward closure tab overlaps the wide end of the louver body.

Abstract: A tubular light bulb device includes an arc tube, a lighting circuit for lighting the arc tube, a case housing the lighting circuit and having a base at one end, and a heat-transferring member disposed in the case for conducting heat from a space formed in the case to the base. This allows the tubular light bulb device to discharge heat in the space formed in the case to the outside to reduce temperature of a phosphor film and electronic parts of the lighting circuit, whereby increased life can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a linear lighting system with a linear light source. According to the invention, all the effective light around the optical axis emitted from the linear light source is introduced to a concave reflector so that the illumination is carried out only with the reflected light. The reflected light is controlled to be a converging or parallel beam of light so that a desired area is illuminated and the luminance is increased. In a mode of the invention, a cylindrical concave reflector 2 whose section taken vertical to a linear light source 1 is a part of an ellipse 2e having a first focus F1 at the linear light source 1 and a second focus F2 at an irradiation plane 3 (irradiation target point). The part of the ellipse covers an effective emission angle 2&thgr; of the linear light source 1, and a reflected light produced at the part from a light within the effective emission angle 2&thgr; is free of obstruction by the linear light source 1.

Abstract: The present invention mainly relates to a liquid crystal display device which comprises a housing and a backlight module; wherein the housing comprises a frame and an opening formed at a central region of the housing, the opening defining an active area; the backlight module used in providing light source via the active area comprises at least one lamp distributed equally in regions defined by the frame and the active area. The at least one lamp comprising an even luminance portion and a dense luminance portion, wherein the even luminance portion is located in the region defined by the active area while the dense luminance portion is located in the region defined by the frame. Because the dense luminance portion is located outside the active area in the invention, the luminance uniformity in the active area is raised without complex treatments thereby.

Abstract: A light assembly includes a light device and a color member disposed in a housing. A driving device, such as one or more motors are disposed in the housing, and engaged with the color member for moving the color member relative to the light device to generate different colors when the color member is moved relative to the light device. The light device includes one or more peripheral light tubes, and a casing is secured in the housing. The color member is disposed around the casing and disposed between the casing and the peripheral light tubes of the light device.

Abstract: An anti-slip fluorescent electronic energy-saving lamp comprises a fluorescent tube or bulb and a lamp cabinet within which the electronic parts are installed. The outer shell of the lamp cabinet is of a surface of revolution, on which an anti-slip ring is mounted. The anti-slip ring is made of anti-slip materials and the ring sectional plane of the anti-slip ring is in parallel with the circular sectional plane of the outer shell of the lamp cabinet. Thanks to the anti-slip ring mounted outside the outer shell of the lamp cabinet, the fluorescent electronic energy-saving lamp of the present invention is easy to grasp and will not be easily to fall to the ground and break into pieces in installation and usage. Since the anti-slip ring is made of rubber or plastic, it can be made into various colors, which is helpful for identification and decoration.

Abstract: An arc tube is a connected bulb composed of three U-shaped bulbs that are set annularly on a holder and connected by a bridge connector to include a serpentine discharge path. Electrodes are provided at both ends of the connected bulb. A reflector is set in a space enclosed by the three U-shaped bulbs, with a predetermined positional relation with the holder. The reflector has a reflecting part which reflects light emitted from the arc tube, and a fixing part positioned at the end of the reflecting part. The holder has an insertion hole which allows the reflecting part to pass through but not the fixing part. The reflector is mounted to the holder by inserting the reflecting part into the insertion hole from the side of the holder opposite to the arc tube, and passing the reflecting part through the insertion hole to the other side.

Abstract: A foldable lighting structure comprises a decorative frame and a plurality of support members that assemble with one another via a mount of flanges and insertion rods arranged there between. Thereby, the support members can be easily separated from the decorative frame while the decorative frame can further be dismantled into separated parts. Hence constructed, the foldable lighting structure can be dismantled and folded to reduce its occupation space.

Abstract: A less costly bulb-shaped fluorescent lamp with improved assembly efficiency is provided which prevents the impairment of product quality due to the change in color of a holder or the slipping off of a fluorescent tube from the holder decreased in resin strength. The fluorescent lamp includes a set of fluorescent tubes, filament coils disposed at both ends of each fluorescent tube, a starter circuit for activating the fluorescent tubes, a holder for retaining the fluorescent tubes, and a case containing the starter circuit. The holder includes holes for receiving the fluorescent tubes, and a recess defined in a central portion of the holder and extended in the opposite direction of the fluorescent tubes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lighting installation, in particular as a danger light, obstruction light or day and night marker, having at least one luminaire, with at least one lighting means (13) being arranged in a housing. According to the invention, the lighting means (13) is annular or semi-annular in design and defines a ring axis (19). Furthermore, the lighting means (13) is assigned at least one reflector surface (11) which encircles an axis of rotation (21) entirely or in part. Finally, ring axis and axis of rotation run essentially parallel or even coaxial to one another.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp assembly that has a planar configuration with an open area defined within the lamp tube. A low profile, integral common housing encloses a ballast and a portion of the lamp structure within the open area of the lamp tube. The housing mechanically secures the lamp tube and contains an electrical connector allow the lamp electronics to plug into an electrical main. The electronics and the lamp are contained in a common structure so they can be used, handled, and discarded as a single unit.

Abstract: Sputtering of the cathodes of a cold cathode fluorescent lamp is reduced or eliminated by removing electrodes altogether from the sealed envelope containing the gaseous medium. Electric field is then applied by means of electrically conductive members outside the tube. Alternatively, the current passing between electrodes can be spread over multiple sub-electrodes so that the current flow and sputtering experienced by each individual sub-electrode will be reduced. Different designs are employed to facilitate heat dissipation for high power and high intensity cold cathode fluorescent lamp applications. Thus, a container for the fluorescent lamp tube may be omitted altogether and adjacent rounds of a spiral-shaped lamp may be attached together by an adhesive material. Alternatively, the container may be open at one end to facilitate heat dissipation. Or the container for the lamp and the housing from the driver may each contain a hole to allow air circulation to carry away heat.

Abstract: A U-shaped fluorescent lamp for use in existing lighting fittings includes a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) located in a central portion between fluorescent tubes. This arrangement reduces the length of the U-shaped fluorescent lamp. The U-shaped fluorescent lamp includes a socket, a casing, a PCB and a plurality of U-shaped fluorescent tubes. The PCB is located in the central portion surrounded by the plurality of U-shaped fluorescent tubes.

Abstract: Disclosed is a U-shaped fluorescent lamp, which is applicable to existing lighting fittings by disposing a PCB(Printed Circuit Board), which is comprised in the U-shaped fluorescent lamp, on a central space part between fluorescent tubes, so as to reduce the overall length of the U-shaped fluorescent lamp. The U-shaped fluorescent lamp according to the present invention includes a socket, the PCB which is accommodated within a casing, and a plurality of U-shaped fluorescent tubes, wherein the PCB is installed on the central space part which is surrounded by the plurality of U-shaped fluorescent tubes.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent lamp comprises four dual tube segments affixed to a base having a planar surface. Each of the segments extends in a direction away from the planar surface and is arranged in a plan wherein one of the tubes of each of the four dual tube segments is positioned at the corner of a square. This configuration reduces the wasted area in the center of the base and provides a smaller base thus allowing application of the lamp in areas previously not accessible.