Abstract: A light module includes circuit board with a top and bottom side. Multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs) are positioned along the top side of the circuit board. A bottom side of a gas permeable layer of material having top and bottom sides is adhered to at least a portion of the top side of the circuit board. A pair of elongated double-sided adhesive strips are coupled to the top side of the gas-permeable material near opposing ends of the circuit board. An optical lenses is positioned over each of the LEDs. A cover panel is then positioned over the circuit board, the first layer of material, the adhesive strips and at least a portion of each optic and adhered to top side of each of the elongated adhesive strips. Each lens includes an optical cavity and a recessed area adjacent the optical cavity for receiving a reflector therein.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp having a readily retrofittable modular structure enables consumers or manufacturers to readily retrofit the lamp by replacing an LED module or internal electronic control units that include an LED driver in maintenance or lamp upgrade without hazards. The readily retrofittable modular structure includes a core assembly in each of lamp bases for easily securing or removing the electronic control unit through a mechanical securing means, and two sets of connection modules for quickly connecting and disconnecting the electronic control unit with the LED module. The readily retrofittable modular structure may use one bi-pin or two bi-pins to connect to the AC mains via pluggable wire for delivering power to the LEDs. Thus, the LLT lamp using the readily retrofittable modular structure may be configured as single-ended, double-ended, or double-ended with double shock-protection switches and can be cost-effectively retrofitted after initial installation.

Abstract: A multifunctional lamp includes a lamp module and an installing plate. The lamp module includes an aluminum extruded base with an installing portion disposed at the front side of the base for installing an electric power control board and an LED lamp panel, and both electric power control board and LED lamp panel are covered by a lamp cover to achieve a waterproof effect. The base backside has an embedding slot for embedding the installing plate, and the installing plate has a screw hole. The base backside also has a magnetic portion or a through hole and a Velcro tape, such that the lamp can be fixed by a screwing, hanging, magnetic attraction or tying method. In addition, both ends of the lamp module have a waterproof DC input interface provided for a serial connection for an extension to fit the use at different places.

Abstract: A light emitting diode lamp includes: a pair of first pins which are electrically connected to one another; a pair of second pins which are electrically connected to one another; a light emitting diode device module having one or more light emitting diode devices; a bridge diode which is electrically connected to the first pins and the second pins so as to be applied with external alternating current via the first pins and the second pins and converts the applied alternating current to direct current and is connected to both ends of the light emitting diode device module so as to supply the converted direct current to the light emitting diode device module; and one or more inductors which are provided between at least one of the pair of the first pins and the pair of the second pins and the bridge diode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a printed circuit board, on which a holder for fixing a lamp is mounted, is disposed on an upper surface of a bottom cover, and an inverter supplying a driving voltage to the lamp is disposed on a lower surface of the bottom cover. The printed circuit board is electrically connected to the holder as a conductive pattern is embedded in the printed circuit board. The connector is directly mounted on the inverter, or it is connected to the inverter via a wire. In this case, the connector is also connected to the printed circuit board. Therefore, the connector of the inverter and the connector of the printed circuit board are electrically connected.

Abstract: An LED lamp retrofit system, kit, and method is presently disclosed. The LED retrofit system comprises at least one longitudinally extending LED lamp having a length substantially greater than a width and open longitudinal ends. A first LED lamp support rail holds and covers a first open longitudinal end of each of the at least one longitudinally extending LED lamps and is configured to electrically connect each of the at least one longitudinally extending LED lamps to a power source. A second LED lamp support rail holds and covers a second open longitudinal end of each of the at least one longitudinally extending LED lamps held with the first LED lamp support rail. A system holder on each of the first and second LED lamp support rails is configured and disposed to hold the retrofit system to a portion of a lamp fixture being retrofitted.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a ceiling, in particular to a ceiling board with modularized composite LED lamps. The ceiling comprises a light bar (2), a ceiling board (1a, 1b). The ceiling is characterized in that a plurality of LED lamps are fixedly embedded in a light bar (2); the bar (2) is mounted on the side edges of two adjoining ceiling boards (1) fitted and held firmly by the standard ceiling grids.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes: a board; light-emitting elements interconnected in parallel and provided above a top face of the board; light-emitting elements, one of which is connected in series with the light-emitting element and the other of which is connected in series with the light-emitting element, the light-emitting elements being interconnected in parallel; a metal pattern provided continuously under the light-emitting elements, on an undersurface of the board; and a metal pattern provided continuously under the light-emitting elements, and isolated from the first metal pattern.

Abstract: The various embodiments relate to a lamp having a tubular lamp body, wherein at least one first line harness and one second line harness, or at least one first line and one second line, are arranged in the tubular lamp body, wherein the lamp furthermore has at least one spacing apparatus, which is arranged in the lamp and is designed to fix at least the first line harness and the second line harness or the first line and the second line at a predeterminable distance (D) from one another, at least in places. The various embodiments further relate to a method for production of a lamp such as this, and to a spacing element.

Abstract: The base for a light emitting diode lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a cap which covers an end of a tube of the light emitting diode lamp; and two pins which are extended respectively from the cap toward the outside of an end of the tube. One of the two pins is nonconductive and the other one of the two pins is conductive.

Abstract: Fluorescent lamp holder assembly 10 comprising a lamp holder 15 and a socket 20. The holder 15 houses one pair of electrical terminals, and includes one pair of openings 30 located at a position corresponding to the position of the electrical terminals. The lamp holder 15 includes one pair of parallel spaced-apart legs 35 with one end connected to the terminal and the free end protruding from the body of the holder 15. The socket 20 has one pair of spaced-apart electrical terminals defining insertion inlets 45. The holder 15 can be coupled to the socket 20 by inserting the legs 35 into the corresponding terminals of the socket 20. The holder assembly 10 further comprises releasable, resiliently biased locking means 60 movable between an opening position, in which holder 15 and socket 20 can be unplugged and a locking position, in which holder 15 and socket 20 are held together.

Abstract: An LED tube including a tube body, a male connecting set, a female connecting set and an LED circuit board is provided, wherein the tube body has two respective terminals, the male connecting set and the female connecting set are disposed on the terminals of the tube body respectively, and the LED circuit board is disposed on the tube body. The male connecting set includes a first direction male connector and a second direction male connector, and the female connecting set includes a first direction female connector corresponding to the first direction male connector, and a second direction female connector corresponding to the second direction male connector.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp having a readily retrofittable modular structure enables consumers or manufacturers to readily retrofit the lamp by replacing an LED module or internal electronic control units that include an LED driver in maintenance or lamp upgrade without hazards. The readily retrofittable modular structure includes a core assembly in each of lamp bases for easily securing or removing the electronic control unit through a mechanical securing means, and two sets of connection modules for quickly connecting and disconnecting the electronic control unit with the LED module. The readily retrofittable modular structure may use one bi-pin or two bi-pins to connect to the AC mains via pluggable wire for delivering power to the LEDs. Thus, the LLT lamp using the readily retrofittable modular structure may be configured as single-ended, double-ended, or double-ended with double shock-protection switches and can be cost-effectively retrofitted after initial installation.

Abstract: The invention provides an elongated lighting fixture with multiple light emitting diodes (LEDs) arrayed in two groups that are angled to each other. The fixture includes an elongated housing having a pair of side walls with at least one fin to dissipate heat. Each side wall has a support member extending upward at angle from the side wall. A generally transparent cover is connected to the housing and extends between opposed ends of the housing. A first group of LEDs and a second group of LEDs are mounted to the first support member and the second support member, respectively. First and second interconnection board assemblies are affixed to respective support members beneath the group of LEDs. When the first and second interconnection board assemblies are energized by an internal power source, current travels from each interconnection assembly through fasteners to each group of LEDs for illumination.

Abstract: Lighting strips and signs are produced using a flexible, clear and transparent substrate that is a good dielectric, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Flexible metallic power bus traces are formed on at least one surface of the substrate, extending along opposite edges of the strip, or to define the shape of alphanumeric letters or graphic designs on a sign. Conductive traces electrically coupled to the flexible power bus traces are electrically connected to a plurality of light emitting devices, such as light emitting diodes (LEDs). The flexible, clear and transparent lighting strips or signs can then be mounted or hung on a window or in a display case and provide decorative lighting and illumination without obscuring objects, since light is transmitted through the substrate. The light emitted by the light sources can be white or selected to be of one or more other colors for enhanced visual and decorative effect.

Abstract: An LED-based tube light suitable for replacing a conventional 48-inch fluorescent tube light includes LEDs connected into a complete illumination circuit that runs exclusively through connectors at one end of the light. In an alternative embodiment, two LED groups are used, each group being connected exclusively to its own set of end connectors.

Abstract: A light fixture including first and second raceways, and at least one support structure extending between and coupled to the raceways. A plurality of LEDs are coupled to the structure and spaced apart along at least a portion of a length of the structure between the first and second ends of the light fixture. A power pack extends between the raceways, and the power pack includes at least one driver configured to be electrically coupled to the plurality of LEDs, power input wiring that is configured to receive power for the light fixture, and a detachable cover provided substantially over the at least one driver and the power input wiring. A modular power input connector is coupled to the power pack, and is configured to allow a power cord to supply power to the light fixture without removing the cover.

Abstract: Provided is a system for replacing a fluorescent lamp with a light emitting diode (LED) into a conventional fluorescent lighting fixture without modifications. The lighting assembly includes an LED unit having a first end and a second end. The lighting assembly also includes a safety locking device positioned on at least one of the first end and the second end of the LED unit and coupled to a lighting fixture. The safety locking device comprises a safety switch defining an unarmed state and an armed state. To prevent a risk of shock, the safety switch is changed from the unarmed state to the armed state upon manual activation of the safety switch after the LED unit is moved into a locked position. The armed state enables an electrical communication between the two ends of the LED unit to activate the LED unit.

Abstract: A Light Emitting Diode (LED) light tube includes a substrate having a light emitting side formed with a recess and at least one communication hole extending therethrough and at least one illumination unit disposed at a bottom of the recess. The illumination unit is constituted by a plurality of dies wire-bond together in series connection, thereby forming LED units. An optical layer and a protection layer are disposed to cover the relatively small width of the recess, thereby shielding the illumination unit.

Abstract: A combination for replacing a ballast of a conventional fluorescent fixture without ever having to wire the ballast to the conventional fluorescent fixture, wherein the conventional fluorescent fixture has a conventional hood, a conventional set of power supply wires, and a conventional set of lamp socket wires. The combination includes a socket, a ballast, and apparatus for electrically, mechanically, and interchangeably connecting the ballast to the socket without ever having to wire the ballast to the conventional fluorescent fixture. The socket mounts to the conventional hood of the conventional fluorescent fixture, is electrically spliced to the conventional set of power supply wires of the conventional fluorescent fixture, and is electrically spliced to the conventional set of lamp socket wires of the conventional fluorescent fixture.

Abstract: A lamp comprising a lamp tube, the lamp tube having a positioning slot formed on an inner side of the lamp tube for receiving a circuit board; two end covers installable at both ends of the lamp tube; each end cover comprises two electrical terminals for receiving electrical power from a source, and each end cover includes a conductive terminal disposed on an inner side of the end cover and coupled to the electrical terminal; and a circuit board arranged to be positioned in the positioning slot, the circuit board includes two sockets disposed at both ends of the circuit board; wherein in operation the conductive terminal of each end cover is plugged into the respective socket to conduct electric power.

Abstract: A system is presented including a tube light mounted in a tube light socket. The tube light includes a printed wiring board, one or more LEDs mounted to the printed wiring board, and one or more sensors mounted to the printed wiring board. The tube light also includes a power supply mounted to the printed wiring board, such that the power supply is connected to the tube light socket to supply a direct current voltage signal to the printed wiring board. A method is also provided for forming the tube light and mounting the tube light into the tube light socket.

Abstract: Provided is a plant cultivation lamp used in a plant cultivation method including a step of independently performing a sequence of irradiating a plant with red light and a sequence of irradiating the plant with blue light within a certain period of time, including: a light irradiation unit that includes one or more red light emitting elements that emit red light and one or more blue light emitting elements that emit blue light; and a control unit that controls the light irradiation unit to independently turn on and off the red light emitting elements and the blue light emitting elements.

Abstract: An illumination device capable of being mounted to a horse's tail, mane, or other parts of the horse, for alerting an observer of the presence of the horse. The illumination device includes one or more strands of lights in a parallel arrangement.

Abstract: The backlight unit 12 includes cold cathode tubes 18, a chassis 14, inverter boards 20, relay connectors 21, and covers 22. The chassis 14 houses the cold cathode tubes 18. The inverter boards 20 are arranged on a side of the chassis 14 opposite from the cold cathode tubes 18. The inverter boards 20 are configured to supply drive power to the cold cathode tubes 18. The relay connectors 21 are mounted to the chassis 14. The inverter boards 20 are connected to or disconnected from the relay connectors 21 in one direction along board surfaces thereof (the X-axis direction). The relay connectors 21 are configured to relay power from the inverter boards 20 to the cold cathode tubes 18. The covers 22 are arranged between the chassis 14 and the inverter boards 20. Each cover 22 includes a movable portion 22b attached to the chassis 14 so as to be movable along the connecting direction and the disconnecting direction of the inverter board 20 to the relay connectors 21 (the X-axis direction).

Abstract: An LED device in which LED groups are located on a pixel board has calibration data for each LED stored both electrically and mechanically close to the actual LED. Preferably, each LED group has a number of LEDs of different colors on the pixel board, being electrically connected to a color controller. The color controller is connected to a power supply, and the pixel board has a memory circuit having the LED calibration data related to the LEDs stored therein. The color controller controls LEDs for generating light based on the LED calibration data stored in the memory circuit on said pixel board. Preferably, at least one of the LEDs is formed on a chip that contains the memory circuit for storing the calibration data.

Abstract: A linkable linear light emitting diode (LED) system provides apparatus and method for mechanically, optically, and electrically linking multiple LED modules disposed over a wide and separated area of a ceiling system. Openings can be cut in ceiling tiles of a drop ceiling system and the LED lighting modules are coupled to the tile through the opening, with the tile being sandwiched between different portions of the module. A remote driver system is placed within the drop ceiling above the tiles and provide multiple connectors for powering a multitude of lighting modules. Certain of the LED lighting modules include both input and output connectors for both receiving power or data and providing power or data to other modules. In this manner, some of the modules act as master LED lighting modules and those receiving power and/or data therefrom are act as slave modules.

Abstract: A system for replacing an LED driver of an LED fixture without having to wire the LED driver to the LED fixture, wherein the LED fixture has a hood, a set of power supply wires, and a set of LED socket wires. The system includes a socket, an LED driver, and an apparatus for electrically, thermally, mechanically, and interchangeably connecting the LED driver to the socket without having to wire the LED driver to the LED fixture. The socket mounts to the hood of the LED fixture, is electrically connected to the set of power supply wires of the LED fixture, and is electrically connected to the set of LED socket wires of the LED fixture. The LED driver is electrically, mechanically, and interchangeably connected to the socket so as to allow the LED driver to be replaced without having to wire the LED driver to the LED fixture.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention reside in a safety activation system and method for a lighting installation. The safety activation system comprises an elongate housing for accommodating at least one illumination element. The elongate housing comprises an electrical connector at each opposing end and at least one of the ends of the houses comprises a switch. At least one switch is also provided on a surface of the elongate housing. Activation of all switches is required for electricity to be conducted to the at least one illumination element.

Abstract: A lighting device comprises: a first substrate comprising a first connector and a first connection terminal, the first connector being connected to an external power supply or driving device, the first connection terminal being electrically connected to the first connector; and a second substrate connected electrically to the first connection terminal and comprising a light emitting device.

Abstract: A luminaire includes a single luminaire housing that includes thermally isolated light source and power control device compartments. At least one light source is disposed within the luminaire housing, and at least one power control device is disposed within a second, thermally isolated compartment. The light source and power control device compartments are separated by a chamber that includes a substantially nonconductive member, which prevents heat from the light source compartment from travelling to the power control device compartment. Thermally isolating the power control device from at least a portion of the heat generated by the light source allows the power control device to be disposed relatively close to the light source without becoming overheated and damaged. A hollow, threaded rod extends between and couples together the light source compartment and power control device compartment.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp using a degenerate voltage sensing and control mechanism operates normally in both single-ended and double-ended linear tube lamp fixtures. The degenerate voltage sensing and control mechanism automatically detects power source configuration in the fixture and makes proper management so that the universal lamp works in any fixtures without operational uncertainty or risk of fire. When used with shock protection switches in the two lamp bases at two opposite ends, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.

Abstract: A light bar structure including a base, a flexible circuit board (FCB), a first circuit, a second circuit, and a first connector is provided. The base has first and second surfaces. The FCB is on the first surface. The first circuit on the FCB includes N+1 serial first conductive contact pads, N light-emitting elements, and a first conductive wire. N?1 and N is a positive integer. The second circuit on the FCB includes N+1 serial second conductive contact pads, and a second conductive wire. To form a closed loop, the first connector connects a first one of the first conductive contact pads and a first one of the second conductive contact pads and the second connector connects a (i+1)-th one of the first conductive contact pads and a (i+1)-th one of the second conductive contact pads. 1?i?N and i is a positive integer.

Abstract: An adapter structure which cooperates between a modular electrical distribution unit and a light fixture to facilitate electrical connection therebetween. The adapter structure includes an adapter module having an insulative housing containing electrical conductors extending therethrough and defining connectors at input and output ends thereof. The housing mounts directly to the light fixture, preferably within and extending through a knock-out port in a wall of the light fixture, and a plug-type connector at the output end of the adapter structure can be plug engaged with a compatible connector associated with a electrical power distribution unit. The output end of the adapter has a gripping conductive socket structure which enables pigtail conductors associated with the light fixture to be directly plugged therein.

Abstract: A light strip system for securing luminaire units and supplying them with power having an elongate support structure, especially at least one support rail for securing the luminaire units and power supply extending along the support structure for supplying the luminaire units with power. The power supply includes first lines which extend along the support structure and define a first power supply circuit (I), and second lines which extend over part of the length of the first power supply circuit (I) along the support structure and define a second power supply circuit (II) which is designed to be in electrical contact with the luminaire units, the first power supply circuit (I) being coupled to the second power supply circuit (II) by a converter unit which converts a first supply voltage available in the first power supply circuit (I) to a second supply voltage suitable for operating the luminaire units.

Abstract: A linear LED system including a plurality of line light modules, each line light module comprising an extruded light module housing profile that extends along an axis and that has a profile wall defining an inner profile contour and an outer profile contour and of which a cross sectional view along a plane that is perpendicular to the axis is closed, wherein the profile wall in the cross sectional view defines a LED chamber. At least one LED-strip including a plurality of LEDs is accommodated in an associated LED chamber. The system further includes a plurality of interface modules, each interface module that connect the housing profiles and that an inner space in which at least one power supply module is accommodated so that the power supply module and any other electronic controller equipment is not, or at least to a lesser extend exposed to heat dissipated by the LEDs.

Abstract: A portable distress light including a plurality of light emitting diodes (LED's) and a light mode switch to power the diodes so as to provide at least one of, and preferably at least two of, a flashing white light, a flashing infrared light, a flashing blue light, a flashing colored light, a steady colored light, and a steady white light. The LED's are segmented into two circuits, each circuit strobing the respective LED's, where the additive illumination of the LED's creates a single extended illumination period and a respective single dark period. The single extended illumination period can be generated by a series of quick illuminating cycles of the LED's of each of the two circuits, thus providing multiple illuminating pulses to create the single extended illumination period.

Abstract: An end cap (104) for a tubular light source (102), the tubular light source (102) configured to be arranged in a lighting fixture (106) comprising at least one socket (108), wherein the end cap (104) comprises, a first housing portion (202), two connector pins (208) at least partly arranged on an outside of the first housing portion (202) and adapted to fit in the socket (108), and a switch assembly comprising a switch element, wherein the switch assembly being adapted to form a conductive path between the socket (108) and the tubular light source (102) through a depression of the switch element in combination with a relative rotational motion of the first housing portion (202) in relation to the tubular light source (102) as the tubular light source (102) is mounted in the fixture (106).

Abstract: A lighting assembly including an elongated mounting component with two elongated and angled mounting surfaces, two or more LED-based printed circuit board having a plurality of LEDs on one surface and circuitry on a second surface. The printed circuit boards are fastened to the mounting surfaces, by a plurality of longitudinally-spaced nonconductive fasteners, substantially parallel but elevated above the mounting surfaces. The lighting assembly is configured to be mountable to extend within existing light fixtures such that the LEDs are positioned to provide a light pattern similar to the illumination pattern previously produced by the original fixture.

Abstract: A LED tube (41) comprises one or more LED components (34) and a current control unit (33) installed therein. Both ends of the LED tube (41) are provided with a contact pin pair (37, 38, 39, 40) for connecting the LED tube mechanically and electrically to tube holders of a fluorescent tube lighting fixture. The LED tube includes a safety unit (42, 43, S1) arranged to prevent a voltage from passing through the LED tube (41) from its one end to the other end thereof until at both ends of the LED tube, a voltage (U1, U2) fed from the corresponding tube holder of the lighting fixture to the contact pin pair (37, 38, 39, 40) has been detected separately.

Abstract: A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp using a novel voltage sensing and control mechanism operates normally in both single-ended and double-ended luminaire fixtures. The voltage sensing and control mechanisms automatically detect supply source configuration in the fixture and make proper management so that the linear LED lamp works in any fixtures without operational uncertainty or risk of fire. When used with shock protection switches on the two lamp bases at two opposite ends, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.

Abstract: A lighting device is disclosed herein. The lighting device includes an optic holder designed to hold optic elements over a light emitting diode (LED). The optic holders design ensures that the LEDs dome is not damaged during the assembly of the lighting device. Open covers and closed covers are provided in order to allow or block light from the LEDs to come out of the lighting device or to block empty LED locations within the lighting device in order to provide an esthetic looking facade to the lighting device.

Abstract: The invention relates to an LED light tube and a circuit module for the same, wherein the circuit is located in a light tube body and includes a rectifying unit, a current regulating and voltage regulating unit, and an LED unit. The light tube body can be installed in a lamp-holder of a fluorescent tube without changing a starter and a ballast. The rectifying unit has two power terminals connected to electrodes of the light tube body for receiving a mains power and the rectifying unit via the electrodes. The rectifying unit converts the mains power to a sign wave DC voltage. The current regulating and voltage regulating unit is connected to the rectifying unit for converting the mains power to a working power. The LED unit is electrically connected to the current regulating and voltage regulating unit for receiving the working power to emit light.

Abstract: An LED lighting element for use in a fluorescent lighting fixture includes first and second end caps formed as printed circuit boards for connecting with and obtaining physical support from respective first and second sockets of the fluorescent lighting fixture, and a blade supporting one or more LEDs between the first and second end caps. The blade includes a first compartment that contains high voltage circuitry, a second compartment, separated from the first compartment, that contains a low voltage assembly including the one or more LEDs, and a third compartment forming an optical cavity. The element also includes a power converter, located in one or both of the first and second end caps, that converts power from the fluorescent light socket into power for operating the LEDs.

Abstract: A light tube including a heat sink, a light transmissive cover disposed on the heat sink, and at least one light source module is provided. A containing space is formed between the heat sink and the light transmissive cover. The light source module includes a carrier, a plurality of first light-emitting devices, a plurality of second light-emitting devices, and a plurality of non-light-emitting passive devices. The carrier is disposed on the heat sink. The first light-emitting devices are arranged on the carrier along a first straight reference line to form a first line of light-emitting devices. The second emitting devices are arranged on the carrier along a second straight reference line to form a second line of light-emitting devices. The non-light-emitting passive devices are disposed on the carrier and between the first and second lines of light-emitting devices and electrically connected to the first and the second light-emitting devices.

Abstract: A test device is used for testing performance of an LED light bar. The LED light bar includes a substrate and a plurality of LEDs arranged on the substrate. Each LED includes an anode and a cathode. The test device includes an elongated first plate, an elongated second plate and a circuit structure. A plurality of electrode pairs is arranged on a first surface of the first plate. Each electrode pair includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The circuit structure is arranged on the first plate. When the test device is used for testing performances of the LEDs of the LED light bar, the first electrode of each electrode pair is electrically connected to the anode of a corresponding LED, and the corresponding second electrode of each electrode pair is electrically connected to the cathode of the corresponding LED.

Abstract: The invention relates to an LED tube system for driving at least one LED assembly comprising: an LED tube housing for containing the at least one LED assembly, two pairs of mains input terminals (A, B) provided at ends of the LED tube housing for receiving a mains supply voltage (Vmns) and for supplying the mains supply voltage (Vmns) to an internal part of the LED tube system for driving the at least one LED assembly, and further comprising a switching circuit being electrically connected with all mains input terminals (A, B, C, D) and being arranged for electrically connecting the pairs of mains input terminals together in a first state (2/ON) and electrically separating the pairs in a second state (1/OFF) of the switching circuit. The switching circuit being further arranged for providing a coupling capacitor (C10, C11) between the first pair and the second pair of input terminals in the first state (2/ON) and removing the coupling capacitor (C10, C11) in the second state (1/OFF) of the switching circuit.

Abstract: A retrofit kit assembly for a recessed lighting fixture and methods for manufacturing and installing the same are described herein. The retrofit kit includes at least two mounting brackets, which can each include at least one lamp socket. The kit also includes at least one ballast, which may be pre-wired to the sockets. Each ballast may include a temporary adhesive on a mounting side thereof, for use during the installation process. For example, the installer may provisionally mount the ballast to an interior surface of an existing housing of the fixture and then permanently mount the ballast using one or more fasteners. The mounting brackets and ballast of the kit may include captive hardware which is held in place in the aperture for the fastener prior to fastening the particular object to the recessed housing, which reduces risk of dropping or losing fasteners during installation.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp fixture for mounting a ballast and at least one fluorescent lamp and a method of dissipating heat from the same is disclosed. The fixture comprises a molded housing defining a groove and a hat-shaped metal strip having an outer wall with at least two surfaces in contact with the sides of the groove and at least one flange in contact with the top of the housing. The metal strip also has a pair of inner walls positioned relative to the outer wall so as to define a chamber. At least one fastener is slidably held by the strip such that a portion of the fastener is retained within the chamber and slides along the inner walls. The fastener secures a ballast in direct contact with the flanges whereby heat from the ballast is transferred to the metal strip and dissipated from the housing during use.

Abstract: A lamp including a tube holder and a light emitting diode tube is disclosed. The tube holder includes a first terminal socket and a second terminal socket. The first terminal socket is electrically connected to a power source. The light emitting diode tube is installed onto the tube holder. One end of the light emitting diode tube has two first conductive terminals plugging in the first terminal socket so as to provide the power source to the light emitting diode tube. Alternatively, one end of the light emitting diode tube includes at least one first conductive terminal and the other end includes at least one second conductive terminal so as to conduct an alternate current power or a direct current power to the light emitting diode tube via the first conductive terminal and the second conductive terminal of two ends of the light emitting diode tube, respectively.