Abstract: This invention provides a lighting fixture for use in low-ceiling applications and/or outdoor environments, such as parking garages that allows for the use of more-efficient lighting sources, such as fluorescent lamps, with more-even distribution of light along the sides of the fixture so that the surrounding space is fully and efficiently illuminated. Two elongated light sources are mounted upon opposing sides, and surrounded by a pair of respective side reflectors. The side reflectors direct the light of the two light sources in a generally sideward and somewhat-downward direction. The lower portion of the side reflectors collectively define an overall wide angle and each lower portion completely overlies a respective one of the side light sources mounted above. A third light source can be located centrally, beneath the lower portions to provide downward light, which is further reflected generally downwardly by the wide angled lower portions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flatly designed interior light which is essentially characterized by a centrally arranged hollow profiled support (1) that is disposed between two final parts (15) and is provided with an interior receiving space (17) and exterior reflective surfaces (18,19,20,21) for two fluorescent lamps (2, 3) which adjoin the profiled support (1) and run parallel thereto, and light guiding chambers (6, 7) that are placed on both sides of the profiled support (1), extend to the lateral border of the light, and are closed by the light emission surface (13) facing the room. Preferably, the height of the light, which reaches a maximum in the region of the central profiled support (1), decreases continuously in the direction of the edges (11) of the light until reaching approximately the thickness of the components (8, 9, 10) that form the light emission surface (13) facing the room.

Abstract: In a lighting device, suppose a distance between centers of linear light sources is D and a distance between the linear light sources and a light control member is H and a function representing an outgoing light intensity toward a normal direction at a position coordinate X (light source position shall be X=0) and f(X?D)+f(X)+f(X+D), in a range of ?D/2?X?D/2, a ratio between g(X)min and g(X)max is 0.6 or more, a minimum value Xmin is in a range of ?3.0 D?Xmin??0.5 D, a maximum value Xmax is in a range of 0.5?Xmax?3.0 D, and a cross-sectional shape of a given convex portion in X direction is formed of areas with (2N+1) number of different gradients represented by a certain relationship obtained from D, H and X.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light fixture device comprising an elongate housing, the housing having a pair of opposed edge faces, a first central longitudinal region and a pair of second longitudinal regions, the first longitudinal region being centrally located therebetween, the first and second longitudinal regions extending between the two edge faces, the central first longitudinal region including at least one light emitting portion, one of the second longitudinal regions including at least one sensor portion, the at least one sensor portion being positioned at a location which is optimally selected relative to a work station in a room space below the light fixture device and/or relative to one or more ambient light sources near the light fixture device, the location being one of a plurality of possible locations along a substantially continuous location line extending between the two edge faces.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp fixture includes a housing (10), an elongate reflector (30) on one side of the housing (10) with two sets of fluorescent lamp sockets (24, 26) extending from the reflector (30) and a refracting lens (52) extending over the reflector (30) and fluorescent lamp sockets (24, 26). A second reflector (44) is positioned to extend across and face the first reflector (30) with two fluorescent lamps (28) mounted between the two reflectors (30, 44). The second reflector (44) includes reflective longitudinal surfaces (46, 48) on either side of the reflector (44) to reflect light from the adjacent fluorescent lamps (28) laterally thereof. The principal reflector (30) is a diffuse reflector while the second reflector (44) is a specular reflector. The specular reflector (44) is mounted to the refracting lens (52).

Abstract: In a backlight assembly and a liquid crystal display apparatus, the backlight assembly has lamps parallel to each other to emit a light, a receiving container having a bottom portion and a side portion to receive the lamps, and a mold member coupled to the receiving container to cover the ends of the lamps. The mold member has a reflecting face having a diffusion pattern that reflects the light from the lamps and an upper face extending from the reflecting face in a plane substantially parallel to the bottom portion. Thus, a shadow portion of the backlight assembly may be removed, to thereby enhance image display quality of the liquid crystal display apparatus.

Abstract: A T8 fluorescent lamp can comprise a light-transmissive glass envelope, means for providing an electrical discharge to the glass envelope, a phosphor layer within the glass envelope and a discharge-sustaining fill gas inside the glass envelope. The phosphor layer can comprise phosphors of a type for producing a daylight lighting spectrum or of a type for producing a tungsten/halogen lighting spectrum. The fill gas can comprise a mixture of argon and neon. In a particular mode of operation, the T8 lamp can operate at a power of at least 45 watts. In another mode of operation, the T8 fluorescent lamp can operate at a power of approximately 70 watts. A lighting fixture can comprise an array of such T8 fluorescent lamps arranged substantially side-to-side on longitudinal centerlines that are less than one and one-half inches apart. In a particular instance, the fixture can have been retrofitted from having been outfitted to accommodate T12 lamps.

Abstract: A linear light system, and a linear luminaire used in the system, for lighting a traffic surface. The linear luminaire has a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) disposed in a linear matrix along the length of the traffic surface, and a plurality of refractive lenses for directing the emitted light from the LEDs at the traffic surface. The traffic surface is typically the roadway of a tunnel. A refractor lens is used to direct the emitted light from the LEDs predominantly toward at least the traffic surface.

Abstract: Retrofit systems for replacing the outdated components of an existing light fixture. The retrofit systems may utilize the previously installed housing of the existing light fixture. The retrofit systems include brackets that are positioned on the ends of the housing. The positioning of the brackets is based off of the ceiling, t-grid, or the bottom of the housing. Lamp sockets with associated lamps, an optional ballast tray with associated ballast, reflector(s), lamps, and a shielding mechanism are all mounted on, and their position in the housing dictated by, the mounting brackets. Thus, regardless of the depth of the housing, the lamps are positioned a uniform distance from the ceiling opening to create consistent light distribution. Moreover, because these components are not directly attached to the housing, their dimensions need not precisely match those of the housing. Rather, the retrofit system can be installed in housings of varying sizes and shapes.

Abstract: A backlight module including a light box and a plurality of lamps in the light box is provided. The light box includes a bottom plate and an opening above the bottom plate. The lamp is disposed at an angle to the bottom plate of the light box. A liquid crystal display including the above backlight module and a liquid crystal panel is further provided. The backlight module provides the plane light source for display.

Abstract: A light fixture useful in the lighting of parking garages, including a base, a reflector element and at least one light-emitting lamp. The reflector element includes a reflector portion that extends vertical from the base to a distal edge that extends beyond the lamp. The extending reflector portions include a plurality of planer panels positioned in a plane at an angle that faces toward the lamp. A portion of the emitted light is reflected by the extending reflector portion in the opposed horizontal direction away from the fixture at a reflected angle from nadir that is greater than the emitted angle. The light fixture provides a uniform lighting pattern that allows for using fewer of the light fixtures, by projecting or reflecting emitted light horizontally at very high angles from nadir, and delivering more light to areas laterally remote from the fixture, and potentially using less energy.

Abstract: Disclosed are a backlight assembly and an LCD apparatus that includes the backlight assembly. A first receiving container has at least two members that can be combined into a frame and receive a plurality of lamps and a light diffusing member. A receiving container may be fabricated using the two or more members. Even though the size of the frame made of the members is small relative to the LCD apparatus, the receiving container can be used with the LCD apparatus. Accordingly, manufacturing processes of the LCD apparatus may be simplified and cost of production may be reduced.

Abstract: An interconnection arrangement features a housing having multiple exterior surfaces. The housing is configured to receive an electrical device therein and has a plurality of the multiple exterior surfaces each having at least one mortise connection feature formed therein which is configured to receive a tenon associated with an accessory and to connect the accessory to the housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can enhance the reliability of electrical connection between electrodes and metal fittings even when the irregularities exist with respect to radii of rod-shaped light sources arranged in the inside of a backlight.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel, and a backlight arranged on a back surface of the liquid crystal display panel. The backlight includes a plurality of rod-shaped light sources, electrode fittings for holding the rod-shaped light sources, and side wall plates covering the electrode fittings. The electrode fittings are connected to a connection portion extending in the parallel-arrangement direction of the rod-shaped light sources. The side wall plate includes a plurality of projecting members arranged in parallel to each other in the extending direction of the connection portion. The connection portion includes positions which are brought into contact with the projecting members and portions which are not brought into contact with the projecting members. By adopting the above-mentioned constitution, the liquid crystal display device can reduce squeals and the like.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp tube catcher formed of bent wire can be detachably engaged with a light fixture, with the central portion of the lamp tube catcher positioned below fluorescent tubes in the light fixture during use. In the event that a fluorescent lamp tube inadvertently becomes loose in the light fixture, the fluorescent lamp tube catcher can stop the loose fluorescent lamp tube from falling. The fluorescent lamp tube catcher can be loosely retained on the light fixture, for example while replacing a fluorescent lamp tube that has failed.

Abstract: A lamp assembly for a controlled environment chamber comprises a frame, a plurality of fluorescent lamps supported on the frame and spaced apart from one another and a plurality of sleeves. Each sleeve is disposed about a respective fluorescent lamp at a distance therefrom to form a space between said sleeve and said respective fluorescent lamp, said sleeve being sealed about said respective fluorescent lamp to prevent air from outside said sleeve from reaching said respective fluorescent lamp. The sleeves are spaced apart to allow airflow therebetween. With the space between each sleeve and the respective lamp being fluidly isolated from air surrounding the sleeve, the light intensity output of the lamp is not as susceptible to reduction under temperature fluctuation in the chamber interior outside the sleeves, while said air remains free to flow between the lamps from one side of the lamp assembly to the other.

Abstract: A light reflector assembly for providing selective direct and indirect lighting includes a first section reflecting light from a first light source in a first direction and a second section reflecting light from a second light source in a second direction. The first section and the second section are connected by a central section or by end caps. The first section substantially surrounds a first light source to provide direct lighting for the user, and the second section substantially surrounds a second light source to provide indirect lighting for the user, either at the same time or independently, as desired by the user. The position of the first and second section may be adjusted to control the light dispersed by the light sources as desired by the user, and may further include secondary reflectors or diffusers for adjustment of the light.

Abstract: A support arrangement is combined with a reflector sheet and fluorescent light tube to hold the reflector sheet above the tube in a curved trough shape maximum concentration of light at a desired distance from the light tube by varying the curvature in which the reflector sheet is held. An annular piece is detachable to form a larger opening to be fit to a larger tube, while an auxiliary strip can be mounted across the opening to create an opening for a smaller sized opening. The reflector sheet can be held in a reverse bent along its center to avoid light by the tube itself. Two clips can be mounted together at an adjustable distance from each other to allow mounting of a double sized reflector sheet over two side by side light tubes.

Abstract: A work light structure according to the present invention comprises: a light source module having a long slender housing laterally and inwardly connected with a printed circuit board so as to partition the housing into a lighting portion and an accommodating portion, the printed circuit board being coupled with a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) arranged in line inside the lighting portion and each of the two ends of the housing is connected with an end cap, respectively, for capping the ends, and one of the end caps is disposed with a power supply device; an extension device disposed in the accommodating portion and formed by connecting at least a resilient component with its two ends onto a connecting rod, respectively, whose external end is inserted through a rod hole at the end cap and is connected with an externally protruding hook; the two hooks are hooked onto two ends of a connecting object to extend the resilient component, such that the power supply device may provide power to the printed c

Abstract: A backlight module includes a frame with a bottom surface and at least one protrusion with a hole formed on the bottom surface of the frame. A tube set configured in the frame, a diffusion plate configured over the frame, and at least one support component configured within the fluorescent tube set, wherein the support component includes a support body with a projection on its bottom and fixes the projection into the hole to sustain the diffusion plate. A set of fin set around the projection separately. The backlight module can be applied to the flat panel display.

Abstract: A backlight assembly, in which several parts are unified so as to reduce a number of parts used and simplify an assembly process includes lamps emitting light, first lamp sockets, each of which includes a first connection member coupled with one end of each of the lamps so as to be electrically connected to the end of each of the lamps, and a reflection plate to reflect the light emitted from the lamps, and including socket fixing units formed integrally therewith to respectively fix the first lamp sockets. Each of the socket fixing units includes a socket fixing groove formed on a bottom plane of the reflection plate.

Abstract: The unlit margin of a first EL lamp is covered by the lit edge of a second EL lamp to provide a substantially seamless lit area. The lamps are joined mechanically. The EL lamps are connected in parallel electrically by conductive tape overlying at least a portion of the bus bars of the lamps. A plurality of lamps can be joined together to provide an EL lamp substantially larger than obtainable by other means.

Abstract: The fluorescent lamp retaining member retains two lamp units each including two fluorescent lamps that have electrodes at both ends thereof, a bundling member that bundles a wire from each of electrodes at one end of the two fluorescent lamps, and a conductive member that connects electrodes at the other end of the two fluorescent lamps through a conductive path. The fluorescent lamp retaining member holds the vicinity of the central of each of the fluorescent lamps so arranged in parallel as to set the bundling members in the same direction. The fluorescent lamp retaining member allows one retained lamp unit to rotate relative to the other retained lamp unit adjacent thereto, and so retains the lamp units adjacent to each other that the bundling members and conductive members are arranged alternately after one lamp unit has been rotated.

Abstract: A lighting display system including a channel for mounting on a suitable display surface, a light secured within the channel, and an electrical means for powering the light. Preferably, the channel conforms to the shape of the light, which is a rope light, in order to releaseably retain the light. The channel can be interconnected with other channels, with caps including pivot caps, to form a lighting display suitable for mounting to an underlying surface of some types, such as a commercial or residential structure.

Abstract: A lamp holding apparatus for mounting a lamp to a base member includes a mounting plate having a pair of locking portions protruding to a base side. The locking portion is inserted into a mounting hole provided at the base and capable of being locked to a peripheral edge on its back side. Abutting portions, which protrude to the base side and are capable of abutting the base at the time of mounting, are provided on a bottom surface of the mounting plate that is an opposing surface to the base. The abutting portions are provided at three spots with one of the locking portions interposed therebetween. At the time of mounting, each of the abutting portions abut the base, and the mounting plate is elastically deformed so as to be warped, whereby the locking surface of the locking portion is kept in the state in which it is locked to a peripheral edge of a back side of the mounting hole by its elastic force.

Abstract: A subject of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which the reliability of electrical connection between electrodes and electrode fittings can be improved even if there are variations in diameter of the bar light sources arranged in the back light.

Abstract: A backlight assembly having an improved heat releasing structure and a display device having the backlight assembly are provided. The backlight assembly includes a plurality of lamps emitting light and a fixing member receiving the plurality of lamps. A separating member protruding from an edge of the fixing member defines an inner space that contains the light-lamp portions in the fixing member, and the separating member separates electrodes of the lamps from the inner space. The separating member has openings that are positioned to direct the heat generated by the lamp electrodes away from the inner space where the excess heat can cause display quality deterioration.

Abstract: A backlight assembly includes a lamp, a light guide plate, a receiving container and a lamp holder. The lamp generates light. The light guide plate has a light incident face through which the light generated by the lamp enters the light guide plate. The light guide plate guides the light. The receiving container has a base plate and sidewalls protruding from the edge portions of the base plate to define a receiving space for receiving the lamp and the light guide plate. The lamp holder holds an end portion of the lamp and includes a buffer portion. When an impact is applied to the backlight assembly, the buffer portion absorbs the impact to prevent damages to the lamp and the light guide plate.

Abstract: A light bar assembly having a face component which includes a light source and a mounting member. The light bar assembly can be affixed to the surface of a structure by the mounting member to selectively light at least a portion of the structure or surrounding area thereof.

Abstract: A capacitive connector for a backlight unit having a light source including: a first conductive layer covering an end portion of the light source; an insulation layer covering an external surface of the first conductive layer; and a second conductive layer separated from the first conductive layer with the insulation layer interposed therebetween.

Abstract: In a backlight device, lamp units including cold cathode-ray tubes (straight-tube lamp portions) and inverter circuits (driving circuits) for driving to switch on the cold cathode-ray tubes are arranged along a direction that is substantial perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the cold cathode-ray tubes. Further, the inverter circuits of the lamp units are disposed separately on one end portion side and other end portion side in the longitudinal direction of the cold cathode-ray tubes. Thereby, even when using the longitudinal cold cathode-ray tubes, brightness on a light emitting surface can be made uniform.

Abstract: A light tube holder includes two internal sockets, an external socket and a plug. The internal sockets of the light tube holder can receive two pair of pins of a light tube. The external socket of the light tube holder can receive the plug of another light tube holder so that the light tube holders are connected to each other.

Abstract: A light tube for replacing fluorescent tubes including a bulb portion and a pair of end caps disposed at opposite ends of the bulb portion, and configured for illumination by a power supply circuit. A plurality of light emitting diodes are disposed inside the bulb portion and in electrical communication with a pair of end caps for illuminating in response to electrical current to be received from the power supply circuit.

Abstract: The luminaire of the present invention comprises at least two channel reflectors geometrically arranged in substantially a common plane forming a light emitting region, each channel reflector has one fluorescent lamp holder extending therein and each channel reflector has a channel reflector retaining arm having a ballast therein and extending to a luminaire supporting base.

Abstract: An exemplary backlight module (20) includes a plurality of linear lamps (21) and a pair of first holders (23). Each linear lamp includes a main body (212) and two electrodes (214) extending respectively from two opposite ends of the main body. Each first holder includes a plurality of cage portions (231), and each cage portion includes at least two parts elastically holding the main body and the electrode at one of the ends of a corresponding one of the linear lamps, at least one of said at least two parts electrically connecting the electrode with the first holder. A liquid crystal display (2) employing the backlight module is also provided.

Abstract: A light mixing apparatus including a bottom plate, a plurality of lateral walls, a reflection structure and a plurality of side emitting type LEDs is provided. The bottom plate is connected to the lateral walls. Moreover, each lateral wall has an inner surface and the inner surface face each other. The side emitting type LEDs mentioned are disposed on the bottom plate and the reflecting structure is disposed on the inner surface of the lateral wall.

Abstract: A fluorescent light fixture is suspended by a longitudinally extending trapezoidal pendant bracket/stabilizer. The trapezoidal pendant bracket/stabilizer includes a horizontally extending top brace and a pair of obliquely extending arms extending downward in opposite directions from the top brace in a trapezoidal crossection. Each obliquely extending arm has a flat, horizontally and outwardly extending attachment foot extending longitudinally along a flat top surface of the fluorescent lamp fixture, wherein each attachment foot is attached to the flat top surface of the fluorescent lamp fixture. The horizontally extending top brace is attachable to a ceiling mounted fastener, such as a toggle hanger or other downwardly extending fastener.

Abstract: A display and a backlight module thereof. The display includes a backlight module, a panel and a front bezel. The backlight module includes a substrate, a plurality of lamps, and a plurality of lamp holders. The substrate includes a first side and a second side. The lamps are arranged from the first side to the second side in order and parallel to the first side and the second side. The lamp holders disposed on the substrate are connected to the lamps. A line formed by the linked lamps and the substrate intersect to form an included angle.

Abstract: A modular, linear-type lighting fixture may include an elongate housing having lengthwise ends, and a pair of endplates adapted for sealing attachment to either lengthwise end of the housing, each of the endplates having respective perimeter surfaces adapted for attachment to any one of a bridge adapted for angularly-directable extension of the housing, a bridge adapted for linear extension of the housing, and an endcap. A modular lighting fixture may include first and second elongate housings each having ends, pairs of endplates for being respectively mated with the first and second ends of the first and second elongate housings, the endplates each having a rim, and a bridge adapted for joining one of the endplates of the first elongate housing with one of the endplates of the second elongate housing by sealing cooperation with the respective rims thereof. A lighting fixture may have one or more isolated raceways therein.

Abstract: High power white light LEDs are distributed within a thin reflective cavity. The cavity depth may be less than 3 cm and, in one embodiment, is about 1 cm. A light output surface of the cavity is a flat reflector with many small openings. A small plastic lens is positioned over each opening for causing the light emitted from each opening to form a cone of light between approximately 50-75 degrees. Alternatively, each hole may be shaped to be a truncated cone to control the dispersion. The light emitted by the LEDs is mixed in the cavity by reflecting off all six reflective walls of the cavity. The light will ultimately escape through the many holes, forming a relatively uniform pattern of light on a surface to be illuminated by the luminaire.

Abstract: Illumination unit UT is used for the illumination of an LCD panel 1 from the rear side of the LCD panel 1. Illumination unit UT is provided with light source 2, rear cover 6 to cover light source 2 and reflective sheet 5 coated on an inner surface of rear cover 6. Concretely, reflective sheet 5 is disposed to have clearance “A” with respect to rear cover 6. Alternatively, reflective sheet 5 is divided into a plurality of pieces, so that clearance “A” is defined between at least one piece 5A of reflective sheet 5 and rear cover 6.

Abstract: A compact fluorescent luminaire mountable on a vertical surface is provided, the luminaire including a housing, an aperture formed at an underside of the housing, a lamp disposed within the aperture and oriented to emit light through the aperture to the vertical surface, wherein the lamp comprises first and second tube elements arranged adjacent to one another, the first tube element being proximate to the vertical surface, the second tube element being distal from the vertical surface, a shield element disposed within the aperture adjacent to the lamp and extending longitudinally therewith, where the shield element is configured to intercept first light rays emitted by the first tube element, intercept second light rays emitted by the second tube element, and allow passage of third light rays emitted from the first and second tube elements incident on the vertical surface.

Abstract: A method and device for replacing a fluorescent tube lamp with an LED lamp. The LED lamp includes an elongated electrical assembly having ends terminating in first and second electrical connectors, and a plurality of LEDs mounted to the elongated electrical assembly. Mounting adaptors connect with the first and second electrical connectors, and have protruding pins to connect with conventional lamp socket connectors. The mounting adaptors have rotating connectors for connecting with the first and second electrical connectors of the LED lamp, so that the LED lamp orientation can be rotated after the LED lamp is fully mounted to the lamp socket connectors.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus having a housing having a planar base having one or more recesses, and one or more light source assemblies disposed within the recesses. In one embodiment the light source assemblies consist of a substrate configured in shape to register with the recess, and a plurality of light sources affixed to the substrate, and a means for securing the substrates within the recesses. A potting epoxy can be used to cover the lighting source assembly and fill the recess.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with improved backlight structure is presented. The liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal (LC) panel for displaying image, a backlight assembly for providing light to the LC panel and a top frame combined with the bottom frame to complete LCD assembling. The backlight assembly includes a bottom frame, light source, and optical member. The bottom frame includes a light source receiving part, a side wall and a optical member receiving part which extends inwardly to the inner side of the backlight assembly. Thus, the overall size of the LCD can be reduced.

Abstract: An improved LCD back light panel lamp connecting structure. A high voltage end and a feedback end of the adjacent cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL) modules alternate, and the feedback end of the CCFL is coupled to a single return board. The return board is coupled to a pulse width modulation (PWM) control unit so that the return board feeds back the current to the PWM control unit. The high voltage end of the CCFL is coupled to a transformer.

Abstract: An apparatus for lighting includes a fixture having a center axis. The apparatus includes a first light source disposed in the fixture which produces light along the center axis. The apparatus includes a grid having slots which reflect the light radially outward from the center axis extending from the fixture along the center axis and illuminated by the first light source. The apparatus includes a translucent element extending from the fixture along the center axis and disposed about and in spaced relationship with the grid. The apparatus includes a second light source disposed between the element and the grid. A method for lighting includes the steps of producing light along a center axis of a fixture with a first light source disposed in the fixture. There is the step of reflecting the light radially outward from the center axis with a grid having slots extending from the fixture along the center axis and illuminated by the first light source.

Abstract: A backlight in which a reflector is secured to a chassis disposing a mounted substrate mounting light emitting diodes between the reflector and the chassis by a lamp clip for holding lamps and the mounted substrate is connected to a drive substrate outside the chassis and also relates to a liquid crystal display device provided with the backlight and a liquid crystal panel. The backlight and the liquid crystal display device capable to detect colors accurately by blocking light transmitted other than through a transparent part of a lamp clip and prevent light from escaping through fitting holes for the lamp clip into a space outside a chassis are provided. A cover surrounding a photodiode and through holes to transmit light from the clip to an LED drive substrate is disposed between the chassis and the LED drive substrate.

Abstract: A lamp strip assembly including a lamp and an elongate reflector, forming a lamp set, mounted in an elongate housing, the elongate reflector including a curved reflective portion at one end thereof and the lamp being distanced axially away from that end, wherein the curved reflective portion is adapted to reflect light rays from the lamp through a light transmissive element of the elongate housing.