Abstract: A curvilinear lighting louver is described in which first and second reflectors are formed in curvilinear configurations with respect to an axis, with parabolic reflector surfaces facing toward and away from the axis. Baffles connect the first and second reflectors between the first and second parabolic reflector surfaces. The baffles include third parabolic reflector surfaces extending substantially radially with respect to the axis.

Abstract: Linear luminaires that asymmetrically distribute emitted and reflected light are presented. These luminaires have single or twin unit fluorescent lighting and optional uplighting. Each includes an elliptical baffle assembly and at least one independently adjustable reflector enclosed within the housing of the luminaire. The adjustable reflector is adjustable through at least about 15° of rotation and is at least partially hidden from view by the housing and baffle assembly. The luminaires can be surface mounted, suspended, or cantilever mounted, and include wireways to permit wiring to be run discreetly inside and through adjacent asymmetric distribution luminaires.

Abstract: A lighting louver and process steps for forming at least portions of a louver are described in which the louver may include a “V” shaped louver body with opposed sides that diverge from a narrow end that include a vertex of the “V” shape, to a wide end. At least one integral hinge at the narrow end joins medial portions of the opposed sides along a singular fold line. The medial portions contact one another at a location adjacent to the singular fold line. At least one inward closure tab overlaps the wide end of the louver body.

Abstract: An ornamental light casing includes side walls, a convex layer securely engaged with the side walls and a top face corresponding to the convex layer. The convex layer is provided to converge the light from the filament so that the illumination effect of the ornamental light is enhanced.

Abstract: A luminaire for an elongate lamp has longitudinal reflectors running parallel to the lamp and a multiplicity of spaced-apart transverse lamellae. The lamellae have a bottom, tapering region with a bottom edge that is curved. The cross-section of the bottom, tapering region is of the same shape over the width of the transverse lamellae. The edges of the bottom tapering region have the same curvature, with the lower edge coinciding with the bottom edge of the transverse lamellae.

Abstract: A parabolic louver and side light seal are disclosed for use in an overhead lighting system. The parabolic louver comprises a series of ultra-thin, lightweight stringers and baffles arranged perpendicular to one another and securely connected via “snap-fit” side and center joints. The side light seal comprises two side rails and two end rails. The two side rails are mounted to the sides of the parabolic louver to reinforce the louver, to provide a light seal, and to precisely locate the louver below the light source.

Abstract: A curvilinear lighting louver is described in which first and second reflectors are formed in curvilinear configurations with respect to an axis, with parabolic reflector surfaces facing toward and away from the axis. Baffles connect the first and second reflectors between the first and second parabolic reflector surfaces. The baffles include third parabolic reflector surfaces extending substantially radially with respect to the axis.

Abstract: A night light having a base unit with a central cavity designed to house a light sensor, a printed circuit board, a light bulb, and a pair of electrical prongs. Attached to the front surface of the base unit is a fixed half-spherical lens. Disposed over the lens is a rotating, half-spherical cap having an approximately quarter-spherical sized opening that allows a portion of the lens to be exposed so that light from the light bulb located inside the lens may shine therethrough. Thus when the outer cap is selectively rotated around the base unit, the quarter-spherical sized opening is rotated therewith, and a dissipated broad beam of light may be selectively aimed in any 360 degree direction.

Abstract: An arena light reflecting assembly includes an asymmetric parabolic shaped reflector having an exit aperture. The reflector surrounds a horizontally extending high intensity light source and has a focal axis that lies along an axis of an arc tube of the light source so that the reflector acts as a collimator redirecting light from the light source into essentially parallel rays from the exit aperture. A pan circumscribes the exit aperture and a louver assembly is disposed within the exit aperture behind a front surface of the pan.

Abstract: A luminaire for creating a uniform light pattern on an architectural surface, in the form of uniformly diminishing light with the distance from the light source. The luminaire includes a quasi point light source arranged vertically in the vicinity of an architectural surface, and a multi-zone refractor assembly radially surounding the light source and bending the light from the source toward the architectural surface. There is a reflector above the light source for reflecting light from the source toward the architectural surface. The refractor assembly may include a Fresnel lens, a lower refracting condenser ring, a toroidal reflector, or a conical reflecting surface. The uppermost zone of the refractor assembly can include a reflector structure which collects and projects 180 degrees of the light from the light source in the same radial zone as the reflector structure toward and onto an upper conical reflector, and the reflector structure can include a parabolic reflector and a conical reflector.

Abstract: A motor vehicle headlight comprises a light source, a reflector and an occulting mask. The mask comprises a set of elements which in pairs define, respectively, mutually facing faces which define between them passages extending through the mask in directions passing away from the light source.

Abstract: A controlled-luminance lighting device comprising a fluorescent light source of a linear type (5), which extends longitudinally between a reflector (1) that is formed by an elongated body having a curved surface, and a set of transverse fins (3), which are set at a distance apart from one another and which define a grill for directional control of the light emitted by the light source (5). The reflector (1) defines, together with the transverse fins (3), a plurality of elements (2) set alongside one another of a generally parabolic shape.

Abstract: A lighting device has a light source and a light distributor arranged under it. Said light distributor has a distributor element which preferably consists of sheet metal and has an extensive main section with an incidence side facing the light source and a number of holes for the passage of light which widen in the direction away from the incidence side, and a collar for each of said holes. Preferably, a diffuser is arranged above the distributor element and possibly a diaphragm, preferably consisting of sheet metal, is arranged above said diffuser. The light distributor deflects and distributes light radiated downward through it, in such a way that said light makes at least a desired angle of, for example, at least 25° with a horizontal plane. The light distributor can be produced with a small height and economically and has a good antidazzle effect.

Abstract: A luminaire capable of providing desirably uniform up-lighting when suspended from above, or mounted from below, or similarly uniform wall lighting when mounted as a sconce, having a longitudinally extended tapered hollow shell body which is open in the direction of intended illumination, a lamp mounting assembly, a fixture mounting assembly, and a louver assembly which is positioned between a lamp mounted in the fixture and the surface to be illuminated. The louver assembly is an integral unit having a supporting member which carries longitudinally spaced light-transmissive louvers which project from the body opening toward the illuminated surface. Each louver is formed of a partial disk which may be arcuate (e.g. semi-circular or semi-elliptical) or polygonal, and may have a beveled peripheral surface. The louver assembly is designed to produce the desired uniform illumination.

Abstract: A translucent louver assembly is provided with one or more translucent louver baffles and a plurality of opaque baffles. The baffles are mounted in a lighting fixture housing such that the assembly defines a plurality of discrete light-directing cells. The translucent louver baffle provides uniform brightness and color to the cells of the light fixture, including when two or more light fixtures are joined end to end, as typically found in large stores, warehouses, and the like.

Abstract: A light diffusion preventing structure, suitable for use in vehicles, is provided on a structural member having a hole for passing light from a light source through the structural member and onto a target area. The hole has a three-dimensional shape that has a first opening located near the light source and a second opening located on the opposite side with an inner peripheral surface running between. Both the edge of the second opening and the inner peripheral surface are located completely outside a zone defined by projecting imaginary straight lines from the point light source through the first opening. A second set of imaginary straight lines running between the edge the first opening and the opposite edge of the second opening define at least one crossing angle, the measure of which should preferably not exceed 160 degrees.

Abstract: A bollard light with enhanced function of diffusing lamp light with a special light colour effect. A transparent coloured diffuser rim is retrofitted onto a clear diffuser lens. The transparent coloured diffuser rim serves to diffuse lamp light with a special light colour effect, while the clear diffuser lens serves to distribute natural lamp light. The concept using a modular louvre unit in conjunction with an intermediate diffuser lens allows for multi-tier louvre configuration. The retrofitting design of a coloured diffuser rim allows for interchangeability and multi-colour choice of coloured diffuser rims. The flexible shape concept of the bollard head allows for choice of various shapes, which can be complemented by similar shapes of bollard body and canopy which can also be of hemispherical, pyramid, flat-top or angular design.

Abstract: Linear luminaires that asymmetrically distribute emitted and reflected light are presented. These luminaires s have single or twin unit fluorescent lighting and optional uplighting. Each includes an elliptical baffle assembly and at least one independently adjustable reflector enclosed within the housing of the luminaire. The adjustable reflector is adjustable through at least about 150 of rotation and is at least partially hidden from view by the housing and baffle assembly. The luminaires can be surface mounted, suspended, or cantilever mounted, and include wireways to permit wiring to be run discreetly inside and through adjacent asymmetric distribution luminaires.

Abstract: The invention provides in preferred aspects architectural lighting structures that comprise a plurality of tubular elements at least partially embedded into an at least substantially transparent lens structure of a lighting fixture. The lighting fixture is typically a device employed for interior use, particularly residential buildings or commercial buildings such as office buildings. By partially embedding the array or plurality of tubular elements into the transparent lens structure, the fixture can appear as if it is substantially a part of the surrounding surface when the lighting fixture is turned off. Nevertheless, when the light is turned on, light coming from the fixture can still be directed or modified in an appropriate manner, e.g. without detrimental light output reductions), and without the need of an expensive, sophisticated reflector or any necessity of the fixture extending beyond the surrounding surface as has been utilized in certain prior attempts to mask architectural lighting fixtures.

Abstract: The luminaire comprises several flat, light-diffusing lamellae (10) between reflectors (1) which each comprise an edge (2) in a light emission window (3). Each lamella has lateral edges (100), an outer edge (12), an inner edge (11), and a relief (101). The relief (101) of the lamella (10) decreases in a direction towards the lateral edges (100), hence avoiding non-uniform light reflections (zebra patterns) of the lamellae (10) on the reflectors (1).

Abstract: An infrared countermeasures system is provided by ganging a plurality of modulators each of which modulates the output of a radiant source to generate at least one collimated beam of radiation. The modulators are so disposed with respect to each other that the beams generated the reby are staggered in angular phase. When the modulators are rotated together they will provide at a point in space remote therefrom a signal comprising a burst of pulses followed by a dead time when no signal is present.

Abstract: The reflective surface of a reflector 16 is divided through steps into a plurality of vertically elongated reflective surface elements. In each of those reflective surface elements, the light incidence section to which the output light of a light source bulb is applied is made up a convex cylindrical curved surface and a concave cylindrical curved surface which are arranged substantially in parallel with the step adjacent to the light incidence section. Accordingly, when the lamp is turned on, and the reflector is observed from the front, the light incidence sections function as follows; that is, the apex portions of the cylindrical curves surfaces look glittered as bright sections. Therefore, the reflective surface looks more sparkling.

Abstract: The luminaire has an elongate concave reflector (1) defining a light-emission window (2), supports 3) for positioning electrical fluorescent tubes (4, 5) and a row of lamellae (6) in the light-emission window (2). A prismatic reflector element (7) extends in the longitudinal direction of the reflector (1) and has its base (72) in the light-emission window (2) and its top (71) next to the fluorescent tubes (4, 5). The luminaire, when mounted to a ceiling, can suitably be used to illuminate vertical surfaces, while the floor is illuminated to a smaller extent only.

Abstract: A lighting fixture for reducing glare and darkspots on ceilings and walls. The lighting fixture includes a louver housing for supporting a plurality of fluorescent or high intensity discharge lamps. The lighting fixture further includes a first set of elongated, parallel, and spaced-apart reflectors; and a second set of elongated, parallel, and spaced-apart reflectors intersecting the first set of reflectors at a 90° degree angle for forming an open reflector grid therein. The open reflector grid includes four outer side walls. The open reflector grid is attached to the louver housing. The open parabolic reflector grid extends at least two inches (2″) below the ceiling level. The lighting fixture also includes a plurality of indirect reflectors connected to the four outer side walls of the open reflector grid for reducing glare and darkspots on ceiling and walls caused by the plurality of fluorescent lamps in the louver housing.

Abstract: A baffle mountable on the tube of a fluorescent lamp which in the absence of the baffle yields a harsh and glaring light. The baffle is formed of a long strip of fabric material having a row of holes therein through which the tube is threaded to cause the strip to assume the shape of an undulating shade which conceals the lamp. The felt strip is preferably constituted by a pressed, non-woven felt fabric whose fibers are reflective of light and absorbent of sound or a similar flexible absorptive material. Light rays emitted by the lamp are intercepted and dispersed by the shade, thereby diffusing the light and softening the illumination. Ambient sounds impinging on the undulating shade are absorbed thereby to reduce the noise in the room in which the lamp is installed.

Abstract: The luminaire comprises various flat, light-scattering lamellae (10) extending between elongated reflectors (1) having a longitudinal edge (2) in a luminous window (3). The lamellae (10) have a concave outer edge (12) in the luminous window (3) and a convex inner edge (11). Undesirable reflections are precluded by the convex inner edge (11), while screening of the electric lamp to be accommodated is maintained.

Abstract: A lighting louver mounting case is described for encasing and releasably mounting a lighting louver to an outdoor lighting housing. The case includes a light reflective panel receiving compartment formed by side walls of the case and by substantially transparent bottom and top cover members that enclose and substantially hermetically seal a light reflective panel. A mounting element on the case enables the case to be releasably secured to the outdoor lighting housing.

Abstract: A beacon light assembly shield for shield from ground level the light emitted by tower mounted beacon lights for aircraft, the assembly comprising a plurality of spaced concentric frustraconically shaped elements having a centrally located aperture, the element being interconnected, and each element being spaced from an adjacent element such that a distance between a first horizontal plane coincidental with an inner peripheral edge and a second horizontal plane coincidental with an outer peripheral edge is no greater than 75% of a distance between first horizontal planes of adjacent elements. The assembly effectively eliminates light pollution from ground level while permitting visual access for aircraft.

Abstract: The luminaire for a tubular electric lamp (3) has, in a housing (1) with a light emission window (2) in plane P, reflectors (5) at either side of the lamp (3) and a number of slats (10) transverse to the reflectors (5) below the lamp (3). The slats (10) are V-shaped in cross-section and have an inner surface (11) facing the lamp (3). The inner surface (11) has a central zone (12) and flanks (13) which extend at an angle away from plane P. The inner surface (11) has end zones (14) near the reflectors (5) which are in a plane Q parallel to plane P. The longitudinal axis (4) of the lamp (3) is situated in a region extending from plane Q towards plane P. Although the slats are relatively small, bright spots within the shielding angle of the luminaire are avoided.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a light fixture including a housing, a light source, means to secure a light source to the housing, a lens and a reflector. The reflector and lens are positioned so as to direct light from the light source onto an unlit side of the housing.The light fixture is normally suspended from the ceiling or attached to a wall. A greater portion of the light from the light source is reflected off the ceiling or wall, whereas a smaller portion of the light from the light source is reflected off the reflector and onto the housing. After the smaller portion is reflected off the housing, the smaller portion and the larger portion are traveling in generally the same direction, thereby reducing the contrast between the housing and the ceiling or wall.The present fixture housing is very shallow, preferably less than about 3" deep.

Abstract: An illumination device for illuminating an object to be observed, by a machine vision camera or the like for example, with a continuous diffuse wide angle light which is supplied along the observation axis of the machine vision camera. The illumination device contains a light source to illuminate a curved beam splitter and a diffuser is located therebetween. The diffuser is mounted inclined with respect to the observation axis and the curved beam splitter minimizes the height of the illumination source and facilitates supplying a more uniform field of illumination to the object to be observed. The inclined diffuser only indirectly illuminates of the object to be observed.

Abstract: A grate body contains a plurality of open slot areas receiving translucent inserts, and a lighting unit is arranged below the grate for illuminating the inserts. The lighting unit includes a sealed hollow housing having a transparent upper surface, and at least one lighting device mounted in the housing. The housing electrically insulates the components contained therein while allowing sufficient heat transfer to cool the neon tube. A circular grate embodiment is also disclosed having a lighting unit contained therein for illuminating the circumference of the grate.

Abstract: A luminaire has a housing with a light emission window (2), a tubular lamp supported in the housing facing the window (2) and having a center line extending in a plane P perpendicular to the window (2), side reflectors (5), and three-dimensional lamellae (10) which each have an outer edge (11) and a pair of inner edges (12). The outer edge of each lamellae is concave in a direction transverse to the window. The luminaire thus provides an optimized cut-off angle, screening light which would otherwise be dazzling but permitting non-dazzling light to pass. Each of the lamellae has a concave curvature in a direction parallel to the plane P but which flattens out going from plane P towards the side-reflectors (5). That enlarges the aperture through which light emanates and makes the illumination provided by the luminaire more uniform.

Abstract: A radiant energy redirecting system comprising a radiant energy transmitting body structure; the structure comprising multiple elements, each of which acts as a radiant energy redirecting module, having on its cross-sectional perimeter an entry face to receive incidence of the energy into the interior of the perimeter, an exit face to pass the energy to the exterior of the perimeter in a direction towards the reverse side of the body from the side of the incidence, and a Totally Internally Reflecting face angled relative to the entry and exit faces to redirect towards the exit face the radiant energy incident from the entry face; the body structure generally redirecting incident radiant energy towards a predetermined target zone situated apart from and on the reverse side of the body relative to the side of the incidence; and lens structure associated with at least one of the faces for redirecting radiant energy passing between the entry and exit faces via the Totally Internally Reflecting face.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fluorescent lamp housing assembly capable of providing convection cooling to the lamp and the ballast. The lens of the present invention includes two distinct portions, a central portion and an apertured portion. The housing assembly further includes apertures so that air mass is able to freely move up through the assembly and out ventilation apertures.

Abstract: An optical illumination system according to the present invention is provided with an optical reflector for illuminating a surface to be illuminated in the shape of arc or annulus. A reflective plane of the optical reflector is shaped in a special curved surface. Specifically, an arbitrary parabola with a first axis passing through the vertex and the focus of the parabola is rotated about a second axis passing through a point located on the opposite side of the directrix of the parabola with respect to the focus and being parallel to the directrix. The rotation of the parabola yields a parabolic toric surface. The reflective plane of the optical reflector has the curved surface constituting at least a part of the parabolic toric surface. The reflective plane so shaped reflects a light source image emitted from a light source system to illuminate the surface to be illuminated in the shape of arc or annulus.

Abstract: An internally illuminated sign in which a luminaire mounted on the border or periphery of the sign uniformly illuminates the face and/or faces of the sign thereby eliminating any necessity for providing human access to the interior of the sign for maintenance and relamping.

Abstract: The lighting fixture according to the invention includes a fixture housing having a longitudinal axis and supporting a fluorescent lamp in the housing. Side reflectors are provided which extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing on either side of the lamp. A plurality of cross vanes and two end vanes are positioned below and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lamp. Each cross vane has a top surface of a generally V-shaped configuration and reflector surfaces extending from the top surface. The reflector surfaces are concavely curved with a radius of curvature which varies along the width of the cross vane. The end vanes also include a generally V-shaped top surface and one reflector surface with is concavely curved with a radius of curvature which varies along the width of the end vane. The cross vanes and end vanes according to the invention confine substantially all of the light to within the preferred RP-24 cut-off zone and prevent unnecessary reflections which lower efficiency.

Abstract: A L.E.D. light assembly having a refractive lens having a front surface and a rear surface. A plurality of horizontal rows of pillow lens modules are formed on the rear surface of the refractive lens. The respective edges of the pillow lens modules coincide with adjacent pillow block lens modules to form both vertical and horizontal intersection lines. A plurality of vertically oriented convex or concave flute strips are formed on the front surface of the refractive lens in the front surface of these respective vertical intersection lines. A plurality of L.E.D.'s are mounted on a printed circuit board spaced a predetermined distance behind the rear surface of the refractive lens. There is one L.E.D. for every pillow lens module. Vertical oriented planar strips are formed on the front surface of the refractive lens intermediate each of the vertically oriented convex or concave flute strips.

Abstract: A luminaire with modular louver shields is disclosed that is particularly suited for use in the interior of parking garage structures. The luminaire is constructed so as to address the three-dimensional lighting requirements in parking garages, providing adequate illumination while reducing the glare in drivers and pedestrians eyes and reducing the amount of light that spills out of the structure. This is accomplished by using a lens that disperses light in the appropriate manner and removable louver assemblies that block or diffuse light rays that would otherwise shine in drivers and pedestrians eyes or spill out into the adjacent neighborhood. The lens and modular louver assemblies can be utilized in a number of configurations depending on the layout of the structure and the objective being addressed (eg: glare control, light spill). Once the luminaires are installed, the louvers can be rearranged to accommodate changing lighting requirements.

Abstract: A motor vehicle light, especially a signal light comprises a light source, a reflector, a closure disc for closing the motor vehicle light from outside, a collective lens device arranged between the reflector and the closure disc, a screen device arranged between the collective lens device and the closure disc and having light impermeable regions and light permeable regions. The collective lens device directs light which is reflected from the reflector to the light permeable regions. The screen device is formed reflective at its side facing the closure disc, the screen device at least at its side facing the closure disc being curved concavely.

Abstract: A flexible cantilevered lighting baffle includes a first flexible member including a top edge from which is removably suspended a second flexible member and light baffle elements mounted thereon. The first member may be attached by conventional fasteners to a ceiling structure with a top edge exposed to receive connectors on the second member. Connectors in the form of inverted "U" shaped tabs on the second member are releasably received over the top edge of the first member. Light baffle elements are mounted cantilever style to the second member, as is a light seal. The baffle elements are cantilevered on one side of the second member. The light seal is provided on the opposite side to compress against the first member and prevent escape of light between the first and second members when mounted together.

Abstract: Electric lamps of the type embodying a lampshade, particularly a combination louvre and baffle which diffuses the electric light through the sides of the lampshade. The louvre is positioned above the electric light fixtures, so as to reflect and diffuse light radiating upwardly and the baffle is positioned at the side of the electric light source so as to diffuse laterally light through the lampshade.

Abstract: A fixture for a fluorescent lamp includes a diffuser panel. The diffuser panel has a frame and longitudinal elements supported by the frame and spaced apart from one another. At least some of the elements are constructed of a material to allow diffusion of impinging light. Preferred materials are translucent or transparent, such as glass or plastic. The diffuser panel also functions as an air diffuser. Provision of a nozzle in the base of the fixture allows air to flow through the panel by a sucking effect created by high velocity forced air flowing through the nozzle. This results in fixture cleaning and temperature equalization. The fixture is particularly adapted to be mounted in a moving vehicle. For this purpose, the panel is designed to be tamper-resistant and to provide easy maintenance. The diffuser panel, when a latch is opened, may be lowered by rotation to provide access to the lamp and ballast.

Abstract: The control means (10) are interposed lens-like between the radiant energy source (6) and the area to be irradiated, and comprise a structure (18) of open ended cells (22) that are adapted to transmit the energy while imaging it reflectively on the area to be irradiated in more or less intensified form than the source alone would provide by direct transmission to the area, depending on the location of the source with respect to the structure and the focal point thereof.

Abstract: Mirror lighting unit. To satisfy special demands on the light density distribution, such as are required, for example, by video workstations, use is made of mirror lighting units, which, in addition to longitudinal mirrors provided on both sides of a lamp, have louvre vanes of double-parabola-shaped cross-section arranged transverse to the extent of the lamp on the side where the light is emitted, and which are aligned relative to the lamp with the base side of their cross-section. In order to keep as low as possible the emission losses occasioned by such louvre vanes, the louvre vanes are provided on their base side with reflecting covers, which can, however, cause the image of the lamp which they reflect to emerge via further reflections on the longitudinal mirrors at an angle of emission which destroys the screening effect required of such lighting units.

Abstract: Interior lighting fixtures having specific shielding conditions. For lighting fixtures having a center-symmetrical light exit area, a structural pattern for a grid inserted into the light exit opening of the lighting fixture is provided which meets the specific shielding conditions of the BAP picture screen workstation condition and the like and which masks the light from the lighting fixture as little as possible. This structural pattern is based on a subdivision of the grid into segments of identical size having self-contained framing cells whose diagonal or whose largest, straight side or, respectively, a chord of the largest, arcuate side does not exceed a value 2 Ro of the diameter of the center grid cell. The size of the center grid cell thereby results from the height of lamellae exhibiting a double-parabolic cross-section while preserving the desired shielding condition for this center grid cell.

Abstract: A stop lamp for a vehicle, such as a stop lamp adapted for mounting on a rear spoiler of an automobile, having an improved efficiency of light utilization. The lamp includes a lamp body, a front lens, and a plural number of light-emitting diodes juxtaposed at predetermined intervals. Light control parts are formed in the inner wall of the front lens for directing the light output from the light-emitting diodes in predetermined directions. Each light control part is composed of nine prisms arranged in a 3.times.3 matrix. The central one of the prisms faces a respective one of the light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: A light fixture including a louver assembled from blades formed of thin metal strips. The blades each have separate parabolic lower sidewalls and upper sidewalls. The parabolic upper sidewalls terminate in edge strips which overlap to close the blades when the blades are nested to form the louver. Nesting of the blades forces the sidewalls together against a resilient bias, the bias tending to rigidify the louver after assembly.

Abstract: The control means (10) are interposed lens-like between the radiant energy source (6) and the area to be irradiated, and comprise a structure (18) of open ended cells (22) that are adapted to transmit the energy while imaging it reflectively on the area to be irradiated in more or less intensified form than the source alone would provide by direct transmission to the area, depending on the location of the source with respect to the structure and the focal point thereof.