Abstract: A headlight for motor vehicles includes a reflector, a light source, a screen and a lens. The screen includes a screen edge which has two stepped portions. A distance y.sub.1 between a part of the screen edge on a side of the less distant road edge and a central part of the screen edge is in a range defined as follows:y.sub.1 =(0.005 to 0.026).times.(x.sub.F +d/3)wherein x.sub.F is the distance between the screen and the lens, and d is the thickness of the lens. A distance Y.sub.2 between the central part of the screen edge and a part of the screen edge on a side of the more distant road edge is such that the total distance y.sub.1 +Y.sub.2 is in a range defined as follows:y.sub.1 +Y.sub.2 =(0.008 to 0.044).times.(x.sub.F +d/3).The headlights according to the invention have improved luminous intensity of the dipped beam on the side of the road of the nearer road edge.

Abstract: An illumination device comprises a light source, a reflector which reflects light emitted by the light source, a light disc, and a plurality of optically active elements arranged in a path of rays of the light reflected by the reflector for at least one of dispersing and deviating of the light, the optically active elements being formed as diffraction-optical elements and together forming a diffraction grating which is formed as a member which is separate from the light disc.

Abstract: The luminaire for providing a primary (10) and a secondary light beam (14) comprises reflector means (9) and a lamp holder (7) within a housing (1) having a window (2) through which the primary beam passes. Remote from the window (2), the reflector means are provided with an opening (11) for a secondary beam (14). A side wall (3) of the housing (1) has a window through which the secondary beam (14) is reflected to the outside by a reflector (15). The window (13) is provided with a refractor (12) to spread the secondary beam (14). The luminaire has a color filter (11) in the path of the secondary beam and provides an even appearance of a panel illuminated by that beam.

Abstract: The light box is provided with a case having arranged therein a reflector directed to the front wall to be illuminated from the rear. The reflector surf ace has a concave curvature. An elongated light source is arranged in the center of the case. The reflector, in the central area thereof, is covered by an optical film having a structured surface directed to the light source. This structure consists of immediately adjacent V-shaped grooves, being parallel to each other and running transverse to the extension of the light source. By total reflection on the structured surface of the transparent optical film as well as by reflection on the reflector surface of the reflector, the light of the light source incident on the reflector is reflected in the direction of the back-lit front side of the light box. This arrangement provides for improved and more-uniform light distribution.

Abstract: A reflector lamp having a lens with an annular surface portion which surrounds a central stippled portion. The annular portion includes a plurality of beam forming elements in the form of oblique flutes which extend at an acute angle to respective radius through the optical axis. According to a preferred embodiment, the flutes are also curved in the plane of the lens surface according to an arc of circle.

Abstract: In a lamp with a reflector envelope ensuring modified light output, comprising a conical reflecting body (2), an insert light source (4) arranged within the conical reflecting body (2) and a light transmitting front element (3) fixed to the conical reflecting body (2), there is between the conical reflecting body (2) and the front element (3) a clearance (10) determined by the dimensions and the inner spring force of a mechanical fixing body (5) connecting the conical reflecting body (2) and the front element (3), wherein at least a part of the clearance (10) is occupied by a deformable sealing material (6) or adhesive.

Abstract: In an illuminating instrument, a reflector is composed of a combination of two ellipses whose respective optical axes are spaced from each other in a cross-sectional plane containing an optical axis of an illuminating optical system. A light source has its center located between the optical axes of the respective ellipses. A condenser is arranged at an opening of the reflector.

Abstract: The present invention is a light fixture having a catadioptric lens designed to discard preselected amounts of light from a light source. The percentage of the light discarded will vary over the surface of the reflector in order to provide a predetermined output intensity distribution.

Abstract: The imaging and illumination system with aspherization and aberration correction by phase steps includes two transparent phase plates within the optical train of a stepper illumination system. The first plate places each ray at the corrected position on the axial stigmatism plate to satisfy the sine condition. The second plate, which is the axial stigmatism plate, ensures that each ray of light focuses at the focal point. The aberration corrected light is reflected by a deformable mirror toward a secondary mirror, a primary mirror and finally onto a wafer to project a single field of large dimension. The secondary and primary mirrors provide aspherization by forming phase steps in the surfaces of the mirrors. The deformable mirror, to permit realtime correction of aberrations and manipulation of the beam for each field imaged by the system. A set of two-dimensional scanning mirrors is placed between the laser light source and a reticle containing to pattern which is to be transferred to the wafer.

Abstract: An architectural member that may be installed, for example, in a ceiling contains means for receiving a light source, dividing and distributing light from the source into a number of paths within the member and means for directing the light from the member in each of a plurality of directions.

Abstract: A light fixture has an optical cavity having a first region and multiple additional regions, each of the additional regions, each of the additional regions having an optical window. Light from a light source in the first region is directed out of the optical windows in each of the additional regions.

Abstract: A box-type planar light-source device has incorporated therein a linear light source and is provided with a reflecting surface and a multi-prism sheet. The reflecting surface has such function that a major portion of a light reflected by the reflecting surface is obliquely incident upon the multi-prism sheet. The multi-prism sheet has its inner surface formed with a group of prisms so arranged as to extend in parallel relation to the light source and having such function that the light incident directly or obliquely in reflection outgoes in concentration toward a predetermined direction. Accordingly, so as to eliminate portion by the fact that the light outgoing at an angle separated from the normal direction converges at the dark portion. A dark-portion removing sheet for eliminating a dark portion at a location immediately above the light source is arranged on the side of the front face of the multi-prism sheet.

Abstract: The invention relates to a wide-area lamp in which luminescent semiconductor elements in a wide-area spread are connected to one another by a conducting path structure and the individual luminescent semiconductor elements are surrounded by casing elements. The invention provides for the conducting path structure between the individual casing elements to be designed movable such that the lamp can be curved to any shape required. The casing elements are here surrounded by parabolic reflectors, with the conducting path structure with the semiconductor elements being so arranged that one semiconductor element is in the focal point of each reflector.

Abstract: A vehicle headlamp assembly for producing a passing beam pattern has a paraboloidal or divergent ellipsoidal reflector with a focus. A bulb filament is disposed completely behind the focus and has no light shield interposed between the filament and the reflector so that a divergent light beam is reflected off the reflector. A lens element has prism portions (A to C) which refract light passing therethrough downwardly to produce the required light beam pattern .

Abstract: A luminaire has an accent light which is colored by a translucent filter. The luminaire includes a light source, a reflector having a first opening and a second opening holdidng the translucent filter, and a housing. The reflector encloses the light source, and a portion of the light passes through the translucent filter in the reflector. The housing generally encloses the reflector and has at least one opening in the intended shape of the accent light.

Abstract: In a slant type headlamp unit for motor vehicles, the reflector has an inner reflecting surface a reflecting area taking the form of a part of a paraboloid of revolution and a light-diverging reflecting area which diverges in the horizontal plane, and a reflects in the vertical plane the rays of light incident from a lamp bulb in directions substantially parallel with the optical axis. The center of the filament of the lamp bulb is disposed nearly parallelly with the optical axis of the reflector and as spaced slightly frontwardly from the focus of the paraboloid of revolution. A front lens is disposed as slanted with respect to said optical axis, covering the front opening of said reflector and having provided on the inner surface by a plurality of prism areas which refract the rays of light emitted from said lamp bulb and reflected at said reflector, thereby forming horizontally elongated illumination patterns and slant illumination patterns frontwardly.

Abstract: In a projector-type head lamp, a reflector having a concave inner reflecting surface, a light source, a shade with a cut-off edge and a projection lens are arranged in order. The inner reflecting surface of the reflector has at least 2 foci and is so designed as to reflect the rays of light emitted from the light source in a direction crossing the optical axis. The light source is disposed near one of the foci of the reflector while the cut-off edge of the shade is arranged in the vicinity of the other focus. The projection lens has an optical axis nearly coincident with that of the reflector and is so formed that the power of refraction thereof becomes progressively greater from the optical axis toward the outer circumference, namely, its peripheral lens area has a focus located in the vicinity of the cut-off edge while its central lens area has a focus located between the cut-off edge and the light source.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a stroboscopic timing light for use with internal combustion engines. The reflector assembly is designed to increase the proportion of light from a flash tube that becomes part of a focused light beam. The reflector assembly comprises a pair of angled reflectors or series of reflectors forming a frusto-pyramid-like structure which reflects an array of images of a flash lamp. These images reflect the substantial portion of the light from the flash lamp while providing a cost effective and relatively inexpensive reflector assembly.

Abstract: An illuminating method and an illuminating apparatus for use in combination, for example, with an exposure apparatus. The illuminating apparatus comprises amplitude distribution control means for converting the intensity distribution of a light beam emitted by a highly directional light source into a substantially linear intensity distribution, beam splitting means for splitting the light beam into a plurality of component beams, and superposing means for superposing the component beams in a desired area on an object, such as a reticle, in an uniform illuminance distribution.

Abstract: A low-glare light having a light source behind a transparent sheet of dielectric material. The transparent sheet has a prismatic surface on one side containing a plurality of elongated prisms and a plano surface on the opposite side. The transparent sheet is positioned with the prismatic surface facing the source of light with the elongated prisms perpendicular to the source of light.

Abstract: A light signalling anti-phantom device includes a collimator with a reflector (2), a light source (1) disposed in the focal point (F) of the collimator, and an absorber (3) of light. The reflector (2) and absorber (3) are arranged so that any focal ray (4) directed in opposition to the focal ray (5) incident on the reflector (2) falls on the absorber (3). The reflector (2) may be a mirror or catadioptric rings (23) exhibiting total internal reflection. This design eliminates false external illumination signals and makes light signals more contrast during daytime.

Abstract: The projector-type head lamp for vehicles comprises a reflector having an optical axis, a lamp bulb operable as a light source, having a filament horizontally disposed in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and a convex lens disposed in an area defined by the light beam shaped by the rays of light reflected by the reflector and having an optical axis nearly coincident with the optical axis of the reflector. The inner reflecting surface of the reflector has a main reflecting area including a part of a spheroid having the first focus near the center of the filament as light source and the second focus near the center of the cut-off edge, at least parts of the main reflecting area located above or below the horizontal plane in which the optical axis lies and which define multiple largely slanted filament images on the screen being formed as sub reflecting areas having such reflecting characteristics as to shift the filament images horizontally.

Abstract: An indirect lighting system having a generally visible light transmissive element, such as a prismatic lens element or a diffuser strip, which modifies the direction of the light incident thereon from a secondary light source. The lighting system has a primary light source and structural means for positioning the primary light source proximate a reflective surface which reflects light back toward the light transmissive element and which thereby acts as a secondary source of light for illuminating this element. A light foil means is disposed between the primary light source and light transmissive element for substantially blocking direct transmission of light to the latter from the former. The light foil means, by keeping primary source light from directly striking the light transmissive element, forces the observable brightness in this element to be induced substantially entirely by the reflected light from the secondary source.

Abstract: An illuminator adapted to be illuminated by a fluorescent lamp mounted in a light fixture when the fluorescent lamp is emitting light to indicate that the fluorescent light is turned on. The light fixture is of the type having a fixture casing for holding the fluorescent lamp and including a specular reflector for reflecting the light emitted from the lamp generally downwardly toward an area to be illuminated without the light passing through a light diffuser. The illuminator comprises a generally transparent or translucent illuminator body, and illuminator-mounting flanges adapted for mounting the illuminator body on the fixture casing or reflector without the body interferring with or intersecting light transmitted generally directly downwardly toward the area to be illuminated. The body includes material having such an index of refraction and surfaces so contoured that a portion of the light originating from the fluorescent lamp is refracted at a sharp angle (e.g.

Abstract: A light transmitting device includes an open ended cylindrical body with a light source mounted in the end thereof opposite the open end. A mirror is spaced from the open end, and mounted for rotation about an axis substantially perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical body, that intersects the axis of the cylindrical body. The cylindrical body may include or be mounted on a pole or other stand. At least one vent may be provided in the cylindrical body open to the gap between the body and the light source. The mirror may be mounted to also be rotatable about the axis of the cylindrical body. The components of the device are easily assembled and disassembled.

Abstract: The projector-type head lamp for use on vehicles according to the present invention comprises a reflector formed by a concave mirror having two foci, light source disposed near the first focus of the reflector, and convergent lens disposed opposite to the reflector with the second focus of the reflector located at the intermediate position between the lens and reflector. The convergent lens has an optical axis which is also the optical axis of the reflector and a focus located near the second focus of the reflector. There is provided near the focus of the convergent lens a shade which has a cut-off edge nearly in contact with the optical axis to produce a shaped beam. The convergent lens is composed of a frontal surface defined by an aspherical plane and a back surface defined by a flat plane which is so inclined in relation to the optical axis as to be nearer to the focus of the convergent lens as it goes from the upper portion toward the lower portion.

Abstract: A projection-type vehicle headlight includes a sheet metal support (11) which provides a light shield (3) between a convex lens (2) and a reflector (1). The support is rigid and has arms (12) which are fastened to the ellipsoid-formed reflector. The arms are appended to a lens frame (13), which receives the lens, of the support. The light shield is in the form of a spherical bulge which extends, or is convex, toward a light source (5), the bulge being produced by "drawing out" areas of the support lying within the lens frame. A light shield edge (6) is formed by "blanking out" an opening in a top half of the spherically shaped bulge.

Abstract: A central high mounted stoplight arrangement for a motor vehicle that utilizes an optical prism coupler mounted on the rear deck lid at the center thereof for receiving and projecting light rays to the rear of the vehicle.

Abstract: Display system includes an illumination system which utilizes a light collector in the form of a non-imaging reflector having a rectangular output aperture, a modulating device in the path of light emitted by the illumination system, and a projection lens. Three such collectors having spectrally tuned lamps therein and using rectangular LCD's as modulating devices can be used in a television projection system.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp device for use as a combination clearance and side-marker lamp in which coloration of a clear clearance lens by light reflected from the colored marker lens is inhibited. The lamp device includes a lamp body, a clearance lens covering the lamp body, a marker lens covering an outside opening portion of the lamp body with the marker lens being connected at one end to the clearance lens and colored in a predetermined color such as amber, a bulb disposed inside the lamp device body, and a reflection surface for reflecting light reflected from the marker lens again toward the marker lens formed on an inner surface of a side wall opposed to the outside opening portion of the lamp device body. Also, front and rear surfaces of a lens attaching portion formed on the side surface of the clearance lens may be made light diffusing.

Abstract: An indicator light for a motor vehicle, the light being of the type comprising a substantially point light source (10) and a flat closure glass (20), situated in front of the source, together with beam-forming means for forming a beam of light rays (x'x) propagating along a given general emission direction of the light, said beam-forming means comprising: a generally flat or concave mirror (30) disposed behind the light source and comprising a set of stepped reflecting zones (32, 32, 33) inclined to reflect light rays from the source towards the glass; and a set of deflector zones (201, 202, 203) which are generally in the form of concentric rings on the glass, each zone being formed by a set of narrow prisms all having the same profile within each zone, said profile being designed as a function of the average direction respectively of direct rays and of reflected rays received by said zone.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a vehicle headlight including a projection lens secured by a covering disk. No diaphragm is interposed between light source and the projection lens. The lens having the shape of a flat sector of a cylinder with a cut-off apex. An inner lens surface having a uniform curvature and an outer lens surface having a toroidal curvature.

Abstract: A dimmed motor vehicle headlight is provided with an ellipsoidally shaped reflector, where a light source is disposed at a first focal point of the reflector. A collector lens is supported by a frame having an annular part which is connected to the reflector and where the lens is disposed behind a second focal point of the reflector. A diaphragm is provided which is in the path of the light beam ahead of the collector lens and disposed at the respective focal point of the collector lens. The diaphragm is provided adjustable and with an upper substantially horizontally running edge that generates a light-dark boundary. The diaphragm and the frame are formed as a single part. The frame is provided by a beaker shaped sheet metal piece, where a cut out floor area serves to support the lens and where arm shaped webs are cut free from a wall forming a jacket face. One of these webs is angled toward the optical axis such that its upper end edge forms the diaphragm edge for the light-dark boundary.

Abstract: An illumination system for use in an overhead projector which includes a tungsten filament light source, a back concave reflector, and a plano-convex glass condenser. The position of the light source relative to the concave reflector is controlled to give a specific longitudinal separation of the light source filament and its magnified image which results in a radiation parallax which produces improved efficiency, illumination and light uniformity at the projected image of the overhead projector.

Abstract: A screened vehicular headlight with an ellipsoidal reflector has a source of light positioned in the reflector's first focal area. The headlight has a collecting lens positioned in the path of the rays behind the second focal area and accommodated in a rectangular area of a holder. A screen that produces a light-dark border is positioned between the collecting lens and the reflector and in the focal area of the lens. A transparent cover over the collecting lens has margins extending radially beyond the lens.

Abstract: An alignment reference device provides a collimated laser beam that minimizes angular deviations therein. A laser beam source outputs the beam into a single mode optical fiber. The output end of the optical fiber acts as a source of radiant energy and is positioned at the focal point of a lens system where the focal point is positioned within the lens. The output beam reflects off a mirror back to the lens that produces a collimated beam.

Abstract: An edge-lighting type light diffuser is disclosed which has a plane of light incidence, a light transmitting means and a plane of light emission. The light transmitting means is composed of a laminate of a plurality of light-transmissible plates. This structure provides a light diffuser capable of uniform plane illumination usable for sign boards, large-sized display devices, display devices for various types of machinery, and liquid crystal devices.

Abstract: A pointer illuminating structure in a measuring instrument. A pointer of the measuring instrument is of a generally elongated structure and transparent. At an intermediate portion thereof, a light section is provided to extend substantially prependicularly to the generally elongated structure to form a T shape. The pointer has a flat upper surface and lower surfaces extending from about both side of the light inducing section. A reflective material is applied to the lower surfaces. Beneath the upper surface and above levels of the lower surface, cavities laterally extend to open sideways. Said cavities are defined by reflective surfaces. In alternative form, said elongated pointer is formed with a truncated conical portion at the light inducing section. Said truncated conical portion has a truncated conical reflective surface. The reflective material is applied to the side surfaces instead of the lower surface thereof.

Abstract: A uniform beam of polarized light for biostimulation purposes is provided by a projector having a lamp, and a reflector which create a diverging beam that refracts through a Fresnel lens and becomes a bundle of parallel beams, which strikes a multi-plate Brewster polarizer to be reflected and become a polarized light bundle of substantially parallel light beams of nearly uniform intensity and having a dimension of some hundreds of cm.sup.2. The projector may include a rectangular housing, a pair of rods hingedly connecting a frame around the polarizer and engaging the housing to position the polarizer, a halogen overhead projector lamp, a cooling fan and a six plate glass polarizer.

Abstract: According to the invention clear and yellow transparent zones are provided on the surface of a light diffusing element associated with a headlamp for a moving vehicle. The light emitted from the lamp has the characteristics of both white and yellow light. High intensity white light provides satisfactory illumination for highway driving, while the yellow light emitted penetrates fog, dust and/or smoke better than the ordinary white light. The benefits of both light are realized with a single lamp. The coloration of the light diffusing member can be accomplished by treating a conventional white light headlamp.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp assembly is disclosed for use when the outer cover or lens element extends round the corner of the vehicle or when the outer cover or lens element is significantly larger in one or two mutually perpendicular directions than in the other. The lamp assembly comprises a light source, a light transmitting cover element and a light transmitting intermediate element disposed between the source and the cover element. The intermediate element has coaxial cylindrical inner and outer surfaces located with the light source of their common axis, one of the cylindrical surfaces carrying elongated Fresnel prism formations of uniform cross-section extending parallel to the common axis and the other cylindrical surface carrying elongate Fresnel prism formations of constant cross-section extending in respective planes perpendicular to said common axis.

Abstract: The present invention provides an illuminating apparatus for illuminating a surface to be illuminated by the use of an arcuate light source image. A point source of light is intermediately imaged in the form of an arcuate by a concave mirror. The arcuate intermediate light source image is further imaged on the surface, to be illuminated, by a plurality of concave mirrors to form an arcuate image. Convex and concave blades, which define an arcuate slit-shaped opening, are disposed in positions spaced away from each other forwardly and rearwardly of the intermediate light source image, respectively. By the use of these blades, a sharper light source image can finally be formed in the form of an arc.

Abstract: A headlamp for an automobile, capable of emitting a beam of light with a cut-off comprising an elliptical reflector having two focii, a light source at the first focus of the reflector, and a convergent lens located opposite the reflector with respect to the second focus. The lens and the reflector have a common optical axis and the focus of the lens is at the second focus of the reflector. A screen is located at the common focus having an edge close to the optical axis in order to define the cut-off beam. Localized deflector elements are provided at the upper part and the lower part of the lens to produce a lateral dispersion and/or a lowering of the light passing through these parts of the lens in order to reduce the effects of the chromatic aberrations in the vicinity of the cut-off.

Abstract: Lighting fixture including an enclosure, means disposed in the enclosure for supplying a central source of light therein, a concave, generally parabolic reflector for directing a main beam of light out of the enclosure from the source generally along a given optical axis, the central source of light being located at the focal region of the concave reflector, the concave reflector having a light penetrable region thereof disposed at least at one side of the optical axis in a horizontal plane in common with the central light source, the light-penetrable region forming an escape window out of the enclosure for part of the light from the source.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp assembly, of the type in which the color of the light to be produced by the lamp cannot readily be perceived when the lamp is not illuminated, comprises a housing having an inner portion containing a light source and an outer portion enclosed by a lens arranged to collimate light from the light source. The outer portion of the housing is separated from the inner portion by a color filter. The inner surface of the side walls of the inner portion are of stepped form so as to be either substantially parallel to or substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the assembly.

Abstract: An lighting apparatus including a housing having an opening, a light source received in the housing and a light transmitting-cover fixed at the opening of the housing and through which light rays are projected from the light source. The light transmitting-cover includes a plate made of light transmitting-material and having a first surface and a second surface. Segment lens elements of the same size are arranged on the first and second surface of the plate and formed integrally with the plate. The segment lens elements on the first surface are positioned in face-to-face relation with the segment lens elements arranged on the second surface, thus forming a segment lens. The segment lens elements have a common optical axis and convex surfaces, respectively. The focal lengths defined by these convex surfaces are equal.

Abstract: A replaceable light source assembly is particularly designed for use in a projector housing with sources such as an HMI arc lamp or tungsten halogen lamp where the light source is contained within an envelope. Basically, the light source is closely spaced to a substantially flat mirror which images the light source around the source to produce the effect of a multiplicity of sources. In effect, the light source and its mirror image produces a beam pattern which may be projected towards a suitable projection lens, the light source and mirror are fastened to a heat sink structure to dissipate heat, and the assembly has suitable electrical connections to fit existing housings.

Abstract: A probe for inspecting the inner surface of a tube is disclosed. The probe (10) utilizes a group of large diameter optical fibers (12) as a light source and an annular ring (14) of smaller diameter optical fibers as interceptors of the reflected light. A pair of plano-convex lenses (16) focuses the light beam emanating from the group of large diameter optical fibers (12) onto a reflective ball bearing (18) or a concave cone (32) causing a circumferential band (44) to be illuminated on the inner surface of the tube. Light from the band (44) is intercepted by the optical fibers within the annular ring (14) and is transmitted therethrough. The transfer of light from the band (44) to the annular ring (14) is optimized by beveling the end of the optical fibers within the annular ring (14).

Abstract: This disclosure provides a left and right tail lamp assembly for an automotive vehicle. Each left and right tail lamp assembly includes a tail lamp means having an outer lens. The tail lamp means, upon being attached to a common rear housing on the vehicle by fasteners, are also caused to be moved forwardly against stops on the housing to seat the same so that adjacent ends of the lenses are flush with each other and such that the lenses are in alignment with adjacent body structure of the vehicle.

Abstract: An improved optical focusing system is provided which includes a parabolic reflector and a fresnel lens situated with respect to one another to share a common focus point. The improved system is designed to collimate substantially all of the available light emitted from a light source located at the common focus point and project the light along a projecting axis. Depending on the limitations placed upon the size of the parabolic reflector, a retroreflector situated about the periphery of the fresnel lens can be added to the system to maximize the amount of emitted light which the system can process and collimate.