Abstract: System for the processing of organic waste and products, which is equipped with, at least, one cylindrical cavity of treatment which is arranged with a loading area and a unloading area of waste and an entrance and exit of vapor. Inside the cylindrical cavity, a dragging spindle with direction of advance from the loading area to the unloading area is installed. The axis of the dragging spindle is equipped with mixing blades which conform a mixing spindle with a direction of advance opposite to that one of the dragging spindle.

Abstract: A method and device for preparing a paste-like compound having at least two constituents which set after having been mixed. The mixed compound is injected into an intermediate space between two glass panels of an insulating glass pane by delivering the at least two constituents from storage containers into separate intermediate storage units from which they are delivered into a mixer in which the constituents are mixed while passing through the mixer. The compound leaving the mixer is injected into the intermediate space between the two glass panels by a nozzle which has at least one opening directed into the intermediate space between the glass panels. The nozzle is moved along the edge of at least one of the two glass panels. The constituents of the paste-like compound are pumped using gear pumps from the intermediate storage units into the mixer, where they are dynamically mixed by motor-driven mixing elements.

Abstract: A reaction system and a reactor which comprises of two or more reaction cells wherein said cells are separated by inter cell conduits and having a means of causing agitation within the cells which does not require a mechanical connection of the agitating mechanism within the cell to a drive mechanism which is outside the cell.

Abstract: A method for hydrodesulfurization by forming a dispersion comprising hydrogen-containing gas bubbles with a mean diameter of less than 1 micron dispersed in a liquid phase comprising sulfur-containing compounds. Desulfurizing a liquid stream comprising sulfur-containing compounds by subjecting a fluid mixture comprising hydrogen-containing gas and the liquid to a shear rate greater than 20,000 s?1 to produce a dispersion of hydrogen in a continuous phase of the liquid and introducing the dispersion into a fixed bed hydrodesulfurization reactor from which a reactor product is removed. Systems of apparatus for hydrodesulfurization are also presented.

Abstract: A multi-gas mixer for supplying a gas mixture that can uniformly mix a plurality of gases according to the proportional percentages determined by the mass flow rate of each gas is disclosed. The multi-gas mixer comprises a mixer chamber, a plurality of gas inlets, a gas mixture outlet, and at least one gas rotating and mixing unit. The present invention also provides a method for controlling the percentage of each gas to be mixed by use of a plurality of mass flow rate controllers to control the gas flow to produce a gas mixture according to a predetermined proportionality. When the multi-gas mixer delivers a gas mixture to a high-speed plasma torch, the torch can be stably operated under a high voltage (>85V) and a medium current (<650 A) so that a long-arc, high-temperature and high-speed plasma flame can be generated.

Abstract: A liquid containing chamber that supplies liquid to a liquid ejecting apparatus includes a first liquid container that is capable of containing the liquid and has a vertically long shape in a mounted position when mounted in the liquid ejecting apparatus, a first projection provided in the first liquid container and a first stirring member supported by the first projection, wherein when the first liquid container in the mounted position is divided into an upper container which is located above the first projection and a lower container which is located below the upper container, the lower container contains the liquid and the upper container contains the liquid and a predetermined amount of air.

Abstract: The flow-through cavitation device is provided for mixing and manipulating fluids that comprises feeding a fluidic mixture in a multi-stage flow-through hydrodynamic cavitation system, subjecting said fluid to a controlled multi-stage cavitation and continuing the treatment for a period of time sufficient for obtaining desirable changes in the physical and/or chemical properties and generating upgraded products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to purge vessel apparatuses and methods for processing particulate material composed of powder particles. Some such purge vessel apparatuses include a housing having first and second opposite ends and an inner surface defining a material path from the first end to the second end. Some such purge vessel apparatuses also include a gas exposure mechanism that is adapted to expose particulate material on the material path to a processing gas. Some such purge vessel apparatuses further include an agitating mechanism adapted to disrupt and/or inhibit formation of gas channels and/or to disrupt and/or inhibit formation of material flow channels by agitating particulate material on the material path, thereby exposing substantially all of the powder particles to the processing gas, while substantially maintaining mass flow. Several illustrative purge vessel apparatuses and method are disclosed for processing particulate material composed of powder particles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a screen for screening two or more pulp mixtures with different roughness. The screen comprises a first screen cylinder and a second screen cylinder. A coarse first pulp mixture is fed into the inlet end of the first screen cylinder, and a second, less coarse pulp mixture is supplied to the second screen cylinder. The pulp mixtures are screened by means of a screen surface of the screen cylinders into accept that passes apertures provided in the screen surface and reject that does not pass the apertures. The accept from the second cylinder is conveyed by means of a guide tube provided between the cylinders towards the inlet end of the first cylinder and it is finally mixed with the first pulp mixture. The accept from the first and the second pulp mixture passes the screen surface of the first screen cylinder.

Abstract: A surface aeration impeller for use in a biochemical oxidation tank. The impeller is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the static liquid surface. The impeller has a plurality of blades mounted on the underside of a disc or disc-like surface. Each blade has a multi-faceted or curved geometry ranging from vertical at the point of attachment to the disc to partially inclined at the bottom. The blades are spaced circumferentially about the axis and are disposed at acute angles to radial lines from the axis of rotation of the impeller. The lower portions of the blades, which are inclined but non-vertical, are positioned at or below the static liquid surface. When the impeller is rotated, the lower portion pumps the liquid up onto the vertical portion of the blades where the liquid is discharged into a spray umbrella in a direction upwardly and outwardly away from the impeller.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method for mass transfer of gas or other fluids into a liquid and/or liquid suspension. The present invention is preferably used in conjunction with waste treatment processes and/or fermentation processes that are commonly carried out in a mixing vessel. In such an arrangement, the mass transfer process is utilized to contact air to liquid in a mixing vessel or aeration basin.

Abstract: An apparatus for turning and mixing a flat bed composting mass includes an even number of mixing worms that each rotate about a vertical shaft. The end of each vertical shaft may include a wear-resistant element on its end which serves to protect the shaft during operation. The vertical shafts may also be hollow and include an air hole for transmitting air into the composting mass. The pair of mixing worms preferably rotate in opposite directions to lift the composting mass upwardly from the bottom of the mass.

Abstract: A device for mixing particulate material and liquid includes a container, an inlet for the introduction of particulate material into the container, a liquid spraying device for spraying liquid over the particulate material in the container, a disc agitator arranged in the container, and an outlet for discharging material mixed with liquid from the container. A fluidization device is provided to fluidize the particulate material in the container during the mixing operation. The inlet is arranged at one lengthwise side wall of the container, so as to extend along that wall. The outlet is arranged in the other lengthwise side wall, so as to extend along the wall.

Abstract: A device for mixing particulate material and liquid comprises a container (1), an inlet (9) for the introduction of particulate material (P1) into the container (1), a spraying means (15, 16) for spraying liquid over the particulate material in the container, an agitator (17, 17', 22, 22') arranged in the container (1), and an outlet (10) for discharging material mixed with liquid from the container (1). A fluidization means (6, 12, 13, 14) is adapted to fluidize the particulate material in the container (1) during the mixing operation.

Abstract: In order to reduce the noise made by a foam flotation separator working on the dispersion apparatus principle and maximise the air supply, the foam flotation separator is designed so as to comprise a dispersion pump (2) which draws in water and a gas such as air and/or ozone, a reaction chamber connected on the delivery side, a collector (5) on the upper end of the reaction chamber (4) and an expanded section (15) at the lower, outlet end of the reaction chamber (4).

Abstract: A dissolved gas flotation tank system is disclosed which is configured to provide educted gas or air into recirculated effluent fluid from the tank which includes a pump system which increases the dissolution rate of gas into the effluent fluid thereby eliminating the need for retention tanks and related equipment which adds to high equipment costs. The dissolved gas flotation tank system of the present invention also provides a pre-contact chamber for assuring immediate and intimate contact between the suspended solids in an influent feed stream and the recirculated effluent fluid in which gas is dissolved, as well as flocculant when used, to produce a better agglomerate structure for improved flotation and separation. The dissolved gas flotation tank of the present invention also provides an improved means of removing and processing float from the tank, and employs a dewatering system enhanced by the addition of chemicals or flocculants into the float removal system.

Abstract: Photographic emulsions are quickly chilled to a homogeneous, particulate gel by injection of carbon dioxide coolant, while the emulsion is agitated. This process is carried out in a housing having a pair of parallel auger screws to transport emulsion circuitously within the housing. Carbon dioxide coolant is injected through a plurality of nozzles in the housing and is then removed from the housing through a vent line.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for treating solid, liquid and/or gaseous materials with an activator with at least three coaxially arranged paddle rows (3, 4, 5) which are drivable in a contrarotating manner with beater paddles (6) having set angles of incidence (6), with the circumferential speed of the outer paddle rows (3, 4, 5) being between 70 m per sec. and 160 m per sec. In order to increase the extent of the achievable activation of the particles of the material and thus the performance of the apparatus and the quality of the manufactured products it is provided that the width (b.sub.1, b.sub.2, b.sub.3) of the paddle rows (3, 4, 5) decreases outwardly by at least 2%, preferably by at least 5% and maximally by not more than 10%.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a preferred application for the treatment of stored, waste or filtered water by the transfer of an oxidizing gas into this water. In this case, it has the functions of a turbojet with mass transfer. The installation is constituted by a vessel comprising two concentric parallel chambers communicating with each other at least by their ends,and the central chamber is provided, firstly, at least with two turbines arranged in stages, the rotational axis of which is the same as the axis of symmetry of the installation and, secondly, structures forming counter-blades placed in an alternating position with the turbines.

Abstract: In order to circulate a two-phase system (a suspension of solid particles in liquid) in a large (e.g., 100 ft. diameter) and shallow tank (e.g., where the liquid level, Z, to tank diameter, T, ratio is 0.4), a cluster of side entering mixers is used and a desired flow pattern (much like that obtained from a top entering mixer) along the bottom and top of the material in the tank and vertically along the walls of the tank is obtained by (a) rotating an end mixer in the cluster in opposite sense to the other mixers, (b) spacing the mixers so that the interference is reduced between the flow produced by the mixers at the wall of the tank opposite from the mixers, and (c) by tilting the mixers so that the flow intersects the bottom near the wall of the tanks opposite from the mixers.

Abstract: In concepts relating to biotechnology, fermentor and bioreactor apparatus and technology are provided for maximizing aeration for the cultivation and growth of aerobic microorganisms and tissue cells in artificial media such as aqueous growth media. The apparatus comprises a chamber with an impeller assembly for downward peripheral rotary flow under circumferential baffles that are downwardly disposed alongside microporous air sparger tubes. The agitation system preferably comprises a tree-turbine or a spherical-shaped impeller system. The apparatus provides advantages with respect to low shear, low power requirement, and high oxygen absorption rate, the latter being higher than conventional rates by an order of magnitude. In a preferred embodiment for the suppression of headspace foam, the invention comprises an assembly for forcing foam-destructive downdraft air into the headspace as well as stirrer or agitator assembly for stirring and breaking up foam that is present in the headspace.

Abstract: In an apparatus for the cooling of softly packaged food-stuffs, such as pouches with foods, said pouches are immersed inside a tank (52) into a cooling liquid with a density that is lower than that of the pouches. A floor is arranged inside the tank above the tank bottom so as to support the pouches, which floor comprises a grid (14). At least one jet (15) is arranged between the tank floor and the grid, said jet being adapted to eject liquid in a generally upward direction, and said jet during the ejection being moved so as to vary the flow pattern inside the tank. The motion of the jet provides an exceptionally good cooling effect, which is believed to be attributable to a combination of advantageous circumstances, viz. that no pouch is constantly stationary and that the pouches do not cover the surfaces of other pouches.The motion of the jets can be provided by a mechanically relatively simple arrangement, in which the jets are mounted on arms (16), which arms are rotated around a vertical axis (17).

Abstract: A cake manufacturing machine that can churn the ingredient for cake with hollow churning claws along the filtered compressed air coming out of the claws and then the ingredient churned can be dropped down in a funnel, then flow doen in aheating device in which the ingredient can be moved in a plurality of aqueezing cylinders by a screwed rod set therein and at the same time heated by hot air flowing into a sealed box containing each squeezing cylinder. The ingredient moved in the squeezing cylinder and half baked during the movement is to be dropped down on a baking plate put on a boving belt of a conveying device and is finally conveyed to a baking oven for complete baking.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying resinous material includes a reaction vessel and a pair of counter-rotating hollow shafts disposed in the vessel. Each of the shafts supports a plurality of blades for stirring the resinous material to be dried in the vessel. A flow of hot gas is continuously supplied through hollow shafts into the blades and released into a reaction vessel through a plurality of apertures in the blades when the blades are in contact with the resinous material.

Abstract: A method for introducing gases into liquids, wherein a stirred kettle is used which has the form of a cylindrical vessel in which the length/diameter ratio should be at least 1; and wherein the stirred kettle is filled to a level of more than 70% with the liquid into which gas is to be introduced, the gas feed rate is adapted to the absorption capacity of the liquid, and the stirrer speed is adjusted such that the largest coherent amount of gas is 10% of the volume of the stirred kettle.

Abstract: A device for suspending solid particles in a turbulent fluid for the purpose of concentrating particles of interest such as mineral particles comprises an upright column provided with a plurality of impellers spaced along a rotatable shaft extending centrally within the column. An inlet is provided near the bottom of the column to introduce compressed gas which is dispersed by the rotating impellers to create a rising column of bubbles through a slurry of particles in a liquid so that a gas to liquid gradient is provided along the column. Disks are spaced along the shaft between the impellers, and baffles are provided longitudinally at the inner surface of the column to control the swirling of the fluid caused by the impellers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for introducing gases into liquids, a stirred kettle being used which has the form of a cylindrical vessel in which the length/diameter ratio should be at least 1. The stirred kettle is filled to a level of more than 70% with the liquid into which gas is to be introduced, the gas feed rate is adapted to the absorption capacity of the liquid, and the stirrer speed is adjusted such that the largest coherent gas space amounts, as a maximum, to 10% of the volume of the stirred kettle.

Abstract: A fluid diffuser for dispersing a gas or liquid into a body of receiving liquid in which it is immersed. The diffuser includes a rotatable shaft, a thin disk-like member mounted for rotation on the shaft, and an annular ring positioned adjacent the outer perimeter of the disk-like member. At least one of the top and bottom walls of the annular ring is porous. These top and bottom walls define a fluid plenum, into which gas or liquid under pressure is introduced to be emitted from the plenum as small, nascent fluid spheroids on the surface of the annular ring. The boundary layer flow from rotation of the disk-like member within the body of receiving liquid shears fine gas bubbles or liquid particles from the foraminous surface or surfaces of the annular ring. The annular ring may be fixed, or rotatable in the opposite annular direction from the rotation of the disk. Impeller blades may be mounted on the top and/or bottom surfaces of the rotatable disk.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contacting apparatus is constituted by an upright vessel, at least one perforated gas distributor for supplying a gaseous medium into a liquid medium within the vessel, a plate-like rotary disintegrator positioned within the vessel and above the gas distributor for disintegrating bubbles of the gaseous medium into fine bubbles, and a drive shaft concentrically extending through the vessel for the support of the rotary disintegrator.

Abstract: A gas/liquid mixer in which intermeshing gears are caused to rotate and establish mixing, by pressure of the fluids being mixed. The gears are mounted for rotation in a gear chamber and interengage in a meshing zone of the chamber. A gas is introduced into the chamber through a gas inlet which is adjacent to one end of the meshing zone. A liquid inlet enters the chamber between the gas inlet and an outlet which is positioned adjacent a second or opposite end of the mixing zone. The gears are rotated in the chamber by the introduction and expansion of the gas and liquid in the spaces between the gear teeth. Flow regulating means controls the gas/liquid ratio. The apparatus is useful, among other purposes, for mixing a soluble gas with molten hot melt adhesive, directly adjacent the nozzle of a dispenser for preparing a hot melt foam.

Abstract: To introduce and mix fluids, particularly gas (air) with liquid, which is called sparging, an airfoil blade impeller is used for pumping the liquid and for introducing the fluid to be sparged into the liquid through holes in the suction surface of the blade. The airfoil blades are characterized by camber, thickness and location of holes which result in high stripping efficiency of the gas into the liquid without significant decrease in power use efficiency over conventional sparging systems.