Abstract: A continuous output system makes paper coating by combining an emulsifier with ASA (alkenyl succinic anhydride) particles having a mean average size in the low to sub-micron region. A turbine, pump, blender or other device exposes the ASA to a number of repeated episodes of high shear until the resulting ASA is in the form of particles having a mean average diameter in approximately the 1? range. The measure of the amount of high shear is identified by an energy factor index. A system for cooling the ASA enables the processing without causing a hydrolyzing of the ASA, even when a heated cooked emulsion is used.

Abstract: The recycling apparatus of waste sulfuric acid for collecting waste sulfuric acid generated at a source site A, transporting it by a carrier B, and recycling it for reuse at a user site C, the recycling apparatus of waste sulfuric acid including a receiving tank for receiving virgin sulfuric acid (a) and waste sulfuric acid (b) having a concentration different from that of the virgin sulfuric acid, and including (1) a mixer alone, (2) a mixer and a concentration monitor, or a mixer and a cooler in combination, or (3) a mixer, a concentration monitor, and a cooler in combination.

Abstract: The invention provides a chemical analysis apparatus which easily agitates and warms up. A chemical analysis apparatus has a motor, a retaining disc which can be rotated by the motor, a plurality of inspection cartridges which are arranged on the retaining disc, a punching machine for punching the inspection cartridges, a warming apparatus and a detection apparatus. The inspection cartridge includes a container formed by a concave portion and a base plate having a flow path. A cover covering the container and the flow path is installed to the base plate. A liquid solution is moved to the container in an outer peripheral side with respect to a rotation axis from the container in an inner peripheral side with respect to the rotation axis via the flow path, by utilizing a centrifugal force generated on the basis of the rotation of the retaining disc.

Abstract: A paint system containing at least one pump 150 and at least one paint mixing vessel 160. At least one return line 46 functions to route paint from the paint system back into the paint mixing vessel from whence it was drawn. At least one eductor 522 fluidly communicates with a respective paint mixing vessel 160 and a respective return line 46 whereby during operation of the paint system, as paint traverses through return line 46 and into eductor 522, paint is drawn from the respective paint mixing vessel 160 thereby mixing the paint drawn from the vessel with the paint in the return line 46.

Abstract: The present invention generally comprises a storage vessel for the polymeric slurry chemical, a vapor recirculation system, a chemical recirculation system, a device for chemical temperature control, a device for measuring storage vessel level, a device for metering and pumping chemical, and a device for controlling apparatus. The vapor recirculation system, chemical recirculation system, mechanism for chemical temperature control, mechanism for measuring storage vessel level, mechanism for metering and pumping and mechanism for controlling apparatus are housed in the pumping equipment container and are connected to the storage vessel by control conduits, and piping for vapors and liquid chemicals to make the complete apparatus. The apparatus is used to maintain slurry materials in a usable state and to inject the slurry materials as required for specific applications, such as injecting drag reducing agent into operating pipelines.

Abstract: A reaction vessel which includes internally placed temperature controlling mixing baffles in which liquid is boiled, resulting in an isothermal heat sink. The energy of vaporization is supplied by the reaction vessel contents. The vapor produced by the boiling may be directed to channel coils which surround the outside of the reaction vessel wall. The channel coils contact the outside wall of the reaction vessel perpendicularly, and provide mechanical support for the reaction vessel. The mechanical support from the channel coils allows for a decrease in the thickness of the reaction vessel wall and corresponding increased heat transfer efficiency between the channel coil contents and the reaction vessel contents. The entire above described apparatus is enclosed within an evacuated shell to provide additional insulation.

Abstract: A process for making slurries is provided. The process comprises providing a liquid component and a solids component; introducing the liquid component into a mixing vessel having pitched blade turbines; adding at least 25% of the solids component into the mixing vessel; initiating an in-line rotor stator positioned to receive the mixture from the mixing vessel; and re-circulating the mixture from the mixing vessel through the in-line rotor stator and back to the mixing vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing solid fuel includes a passage for introducing a supernatant in a mixing tank into a portion between the bottom of the mixing tank and a first slurry pump of a first slurry circulating passage using a third pump, and a passage for introducing a supernatant in an evaporator into a portion between the bottom of the evaporator and a second slurry pump of a second slurry circulating passage using a fourth pump. A method for producing a solid fuel includes introducing a supernatant in a mixing tank into a first slurry circulating passage, for washing a portion where coal deposits, and introducing a supernatant in an evaporator into a second slurry circulating passage, for washing a portion where coal deposits.

Abstract: A system is disclosed herein for treating wastewater liquid by utilizing aerobic biological species. The contaminated wastewater stream is pretreated in a dissolved air flotation system to remove suspended solid waste, including large particles such as fats, grease, and physically emulsified oils. The purified wastewater containing dissolved waste is thereafter oxygenated and further decontaminated in a bioreactor tank. Biological species in the bioreactor tank consume oxygen and perform bodily functions that converts dissolved waste into easily removable carbon dioxide and suspend solids. Oxygen consumed by the biological species is replenished by pumping the wastewater though a liquid-oxygen mixer. A controller regulates the speed of the pump based on real-time oxygen concentration measurements provided by a corresponding oxygen probe disposed within the wastewater in the bioreactor tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for dispersing pigment in a water-based or oil-based intermediate mixture for producing a coating composition comprising a mixer and a dispersing device, the mixer having a vacuum pump and capable of conducting a primary mixing of a pigment component and resin-containing liquid medium to form an intermediate mixture, the dispersing device capable of conducting the secondary mixing of the intermediate mixture, the mixer and the dispersing device being connected by pipes to form a circulation channel for the intermediate mixture, one of the pipes being provided with a seal-less pump, the intermediate mixture capable of circulating between the mixer and the dispersing device through the circulation channel.

Abstract: A cement mixing method for mixing cement used in cementing oil wells casing and the mixer used in that method. The mixer employs a straight bulk cement inlet, five annular recirculation jet and five annular water jet orifices located downstream of the recirculation jets so that all of the jets discharge at an angle towards the mixing chamber. The five annular recirculation jets are located in alternating longitudinal alignment within the mixing chamber relative to the five annular water jets. This five jet, intersecting flow design allows for more thorough wetting of the cement powder with a smaller, lighter, less expensive and more durable mixer that is less inclined to foul and easier to clean.

Abstract: A cement mixing method for mixing cement used in cementing oil wells casing and the mixer used in that method. The mixer employs a straight bulk cement inlet, five annular recirculation jets and five annular water jet orifices located downstream of the recirculation jets so that all of the jets discharge at an angle towards the mixing chamber and the discharge from the water jet orifices intersects with the flow from the recirculation jets. This five jet, intersecting flow design allows for more thorough wetting of the cement powder with a smaller, lighter, less expensive and more durable mixer that is less inclined to foul and easier to clean.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of circulating cavitation fluid within a cavitation fluid circulatory system is provided. The system provides a means of circulating the cavitation fluid through a cavitation chamber, before or during cavitation chamber operation, as well as a means of draining and filling the chamber with minimal, if any, exposure of the cavitation fluid to the outside environment. The apparatus includes a network of conduits coupling the cavitation chamber to a cavitation fluid reservoir and at least one external fluid pump. Preferably the cavitation fluid reservoir serves the dual function of fluid reservoir and degassing chamber. Manipulation of various valves within the conduit network allows the cavitation fluid to either be pumped from the reservoir into the cavitation chamber or from the cavitation chamber into the reservoir.

Abstract: The water hammerless opening device comprises an actuator operating type valve installed on the fluid passage, an electro-pneumatic conversion device to supply the 2-step actuator operating pressure Pa to the afore-mentioned actuator operating type valve, a vibration sensor removably fixed to the pipe passage on the upstream side of the actuator operating type valve, and a tuning box to which the vibration detecting signal Pr detected by the vibration sensor is inputted, through which the control signal Sc to control the step operating pressure Ps? of the afore-mentioned 2-step actuator operating pressure Pa is outputted to the electro-pneumatic conversion device, and with which the 2-step actuator operating pressure Pa, of the step operating pressure Ps? which makes the vibration detecting signal Pr nearly zero, is outputted from the electro-pneumatic conversion by adjusting the control signal Sc.

Abstract: A method for forming and imploding cavities within a cavitation chamber is provided. The method uses a cavitation piston, coupled to a hydraulically actuated piston, to form the desired cavities during piston retraction and then implode the cavities during piston extension. The cavitation fluid is degassed prior to hydraulically driving cavitation within the chamber. Degassing can be performed within the cavitation chamber or within a separate degassing chamber. In one aspect, a coupling sleeve is interposed between the hydraulic driver and the cavitation chamber. Preferably the coupling sleeve is evacuated. In another aspect, a cavitation fluid circulatory system is coupled to the cavitation chamber. In-line valves on the chamber inlets allow the chamber to be isolated, when desired, from the circulatory system.

Abstract: A method of degassing cavitation fluid using a closed-loop cavitation fluid circulatory system is provided. The procedure is comprised of multiple stages. During the first stage, the cavitation fluid contained within the reservoir is degassed using an attached vacuum system. During the second stage, the cavitation fluid is pumped into the cavitation chamber and cavitated. As a result of the cavitation process, gases dissolved within the cavitation fluid are released. The circulatory system provides a means of pumping the gases from the chamber and the vacuum system provides a means of periodically eliminating the gases from the system. A third stage, although not required, can be used to further eliminate gases dissolved within the cavitation fluid. During the third stage cavities are formed within the cavitation fluid within the chamber using any of a variety of means such as neutron bombardment, laser vaporization or localized heating.

Abstract: A method for forming and imploding cavities within a cavitation chamber is provided. The method uses a cavitation piston, coupled to a hydraulically actuated piston, to form the desired cavities during piston retraction and then implode the cavities during piston extension. The cavitation fluid is degassed prior to hydraulically driving cavitation within the chamber. Degassing can be performed within the cavitation chamber or within a separate degassing chamber. In one aspect, a coupling sleeve is interposed between the hydraulic driver and the cavitation chamber. Preferably the coupling sleeve is evacuated. In another aspect, a cavitation fluid circulatory system is coupled to the cavitation chamber. In-line valves on the chamber inlets allow the chamber to be isolated, when desired, from the circulatory system.

Abstract: A method for forming and imploding stabilized cavities within a cavitation chamber is provided. A hydraulically actuated piston is withdrawn to form the desired cavities and then extended to implode the cavities. At least one impeller is rotated in order to stabilize the cavities, the impeller being located within the cavitation chamber and magnetically coupled to an external drive system.

Abstract: A method of degassing cavitation fluid using a closed-loop cavitation fluid circulatory system is provided. The procedure is comprised of multiple stages. During the first stage, the cavitation fluid is continuously circulated through the cavitation chamber, reservoir and the circulatory system while the fluid within the chamber is cavitated. A vacuum system coupled to the fluid reservoir periodically degasses the fluid. During the second stage, pumping of the cavitation fluid through the chamber is discontinued. Gases released by the cavitation process are periodically pumped out of the chamber and periodically eliminated by the vacuum system. A third stage, although not required, can be used to further eliminate gases dissolved within the cavitation fluid. During the third stage cavities are formed within the cavitation fluid within the chamber using any of a variety of means such as neutron bombardment, laser vaporization or localized heating.

Abstract: A rubber kneading machine obviates an operator having to touch rubber on a rotating roll surface to perform a rubber kneading operation, permits unattended operation, is intrinsically safe, improves a rubber kneading process productivity, secures stable quality of kneaded rubber, and allows a closed rubber supplying mechanism to be easily opened and exposed for easy cleaning. The rubber kneading machine includes two horizontal rolls closely disposed vertically, decelerators and variable speed motors rotating the rolls at different speeds, and a screw extruder supplying a rubber lump fed into a hopper at a proximal end to the rolls. A rubber circulating mechanism constructed mainly of a scraper and a belt conveyor, or a belt conveyor above the upper roll, feeds a rubber sheet, which has left the rolls, to the hopper. A mechanism releasing the screw extruder makes it possible to open and expose closed portions to facilitate cleaning.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for asynchronous blending and supply of chemical solutions. The method of the present invention includes a continuous blending system. This continuous blending system monitors the output and continuously adjusts the blending system to achieve a predetermined formulation of at least a first solution. A centralized monitoring system continuously evaluates the solutions and adjusts the output of the blender as needed to maintain the predetermined formulation of the solution. The system includes at least a first tank system. Any solutions that are delivered from this tank system are also continuously monitored, evaluated, and adjusted as needed by the centralized monitoring system.

Abstract: A batter mixing apparatus and process is disclosed for mixing a dry batter mix with a predetermined amount of water is adapted to continuously measure the temperature and the viscosity, in centipoises, with an inline viscometer. The controls of the apparatus are fully automated using a programmable logic controller in conjunction with a touchscreen display that provides real-time data, process control parameters, and a choice of batter recipes. Once the batter has reached a desired viscosity, a variable speed feed pump is used to pump the batter to a batter applicator where a food product is coated. Excess batter from the applicator is collected and returned to the mixing apparatus via a pump. The viscosity and temperature of the returned batter is measured and adjusted automatically with dry batter mix or water in order to satisfy the set parameters.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for blending and supplying process materials. The method and apparatus are particularly applicable to the blending of ultra-high purity chemicals, the blending of abrasive slurries with other chemicals for the polishing of semiconductor wafers, and high-accuracy blending of chemicals.

Abstract: A device (1) which includes a dispersing and/or homogenizing tool (2) and a pump (7) located on the same shaft (10), wherein a pumpable material can be fed from a receptacle, especially a container (3) or a pipe, to the dispersing and/or homogenizing tool (2). This material can be mixed in the dispersing and homogenizing tool (2) with an additive, which is led through a feeding line (5) and a region (5a) arranged concentric to the supply line (4) to an opening (6) before the dispersing and homogenizing tool (2). The pump (7) arranged at a distance before the opening (6) and before the dispersing and homogenizing tool (2), and has a pumping pressure in the flow direction, which, in the region of this opening (6), is less than the suctioning pressure of the tool (2).

Abstract: A device and method for use with the transportation of materials including holding materials having solids in a tank and allowing the materials to flow from the tank through an inlet/outlet configured with the tank, and agitating the materials by directing the materials into the tank through at least one inlet associated with the tank.

Abstract: An apparatus for agitation mixing comprises a casing including a flow channel through which fluid passes, an agitation body consisting of a shaft installed in the casing and connected to a motor and an agitation blade mounted on the perimeter of the shaft, a powder inlet attached to the casing to feed a powder into the casing, a liquid inlet attached to the casing in the vicinity of the powder inlet to feed a liquid into the casing, a powder inlet duct connected to the powder inlet, and an introducer placed in the powder inlet duct and connected to a motor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for mixing a fluid comprising water and at least one non-aqueous material. The system comprises a mixing tub and mixing head adapted to inject the fluid into the mixing tub. It also includes a plurality of lines connected to the mixing head that supply the mixing head with water and the at least one non-aqueous material and a recirculation circuit that delivers the fluid from the mixing tub back to the mixing head. The system further includes a sensor connected to the recirculation circuit that measures the concentration of water in the fluid. An automatic controller uses the concentration measurement data to control the amount of each of the ingredients injected into the mixing tub.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system and method of formulating a batch comprising at least two ingredients. The ingredients are admitted to a container to partially fill it. The quantities of the ingredient in the container are determined, and a ratio of a target quantity to the determined current quantity for at least one ingredient is calculated. The next quantity of that ingredient to be admitted to the admixture is calculated by multiplying the target quantity by the calculated ratio to determine a corrected quantity. The corrected quantity of the ingredient is admitted to the admixture, and a quantity of another ingredient is admitted to the admixture to adjust the proportion of ingredients to the target formulation. These steps may be repeated until the batch is completed.

Abstract: Powdered starting material utilized for molding (e.g., rotational molding, injection molding, blow molding), extrusion, and the like can be preheated to reduce the time required to complete the processing of the material. After being preheated to a temperature below a melting temperature of the powder, the powder is transferred to a processing station. For example, in a rotational molding system, the preheated powder is transferred to a mold, where the preheated powder is melted and the mold is rotated such that the molten material adheres to the walls of the mold. After obtaining a desired distribution of the material over the walls of the mold, the temperature of the mold is decreased as rotation of the mold continues. When the article is sufficiently cooled, the article is removed from the mold.

Abstract: Methods for continuously producing HIPR silicone in water emulsions are disclosed. The methods use low shear devices, and thus the temperature of the emulsions is kept low, while enhanced particle size and viscosity are obtained.

Abstract: The amount of at least one coating mix component and/or the ratios of two or more components are measured by a measuring device arranged in conjunction with the coating mix. The measurement is taken from finished coating mix and/or coating mix to be recycled for use in the manufacture of new coating mix. On the basis of the measurement result the ratios and/or amount of the components fed into the coating mix to be manufactured and/or recycled are controlled.

Abstract: An apparatus for agitation mixing comprises a casing 12 including a flow channel through which fluid passes, an agitation body consisting of a shaft 14 installed in the casing 12 and connected to a motor 18 and an agitation blade 16 mounted on the perimeter of the shaft 14, a powder inlet 52 attached to the casing 12 to feed a powder 34 into the casing 12, a liquid inlet 50 attached to the casing 12 in the vicinity of the powder inlet 52 to feed a liquid 24 into the casing 12, a powder inlet duct 30 connected to the powder inlet 52, and an introducer 36 placed in the powder inlet duct 30 and connected to a motor 32.

Abstract: Coating production systems and methods which include ultrasonic dispersion and active cooling. The system includes a mixing reservoir and an ultrasonic disperser for ultrasonically dispersing an additive with another coating component within the mixing reservoir. The system also includes a heat exchanger in communication with the mixing reservoir to receive a mixture of the additive and another coating component from the mixing reservoir. The mixture is cooled by thermal energy transfer from the mixture to the heat exchanger. The cooled mixture is returned to the mixing reservoir.

Abstract: A method for continuously mixing a borehole fluid such as cement includes using a measurement of the solid fraction of a cement slurry as it is being mixed to determine the ratio of the solid and liquid components to be added to the slurry. A system for mixing the includes a liquid material (water) supply including a flow meter; a solid material (cement) supply; a mixer which receives the liquid and solid materials and includes an output for delivering materials from the mixer to a delivery system; a device for measuring the amount of material in the mixer, and a flow meter in the output; wherein measurements from the flow meters and the device for measuring the amount of material in the mixer are used to control the amount of solid and/or liquid material added to the mixer.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a control system and method for the continuous mixing of slurry while removing entrained bubbles. The control system for continuous mixing of slurry with removal of entrained bubbles comprises a power and fluid rate control, wherein the powder and fluid rate control is coupled to a mixer through a powder feeder and a liquid pump. A fluid level control is coupled to the mixer and a surge tank, and a flow rate is coupled to the surge tank. The present invention also comprises a method for controlling the continuous mixing of slurry while removing entrained bubbles comprising providing a powder and fluid rate control, wherein the powder feeder and fluid rate control is coupled to a mixer through a powder feeder and a liquid pump. A fluid level coniol is coupled to the mixer and a surge tank and flow rate control is coupled to the surge tank.

Abstract: A continuous output system makes paper coating by combining an emulsifier with ASA particles having a mean average size in the low to sub-micron region. A turbine, pump, blender or other device exposes the ASA to a number of repeated episodes of high shear until the resulting ASA is in the form of particles having a mean average diameter in approximately the 1? range. The measure of the amount of high shear is identified by an energy factor index. A system for cooling the ASA enables the processing without causing a hydrolyzing of the ASA, even when a heated cooked emulsion is used.

Abstract: An apparatus for the preparation and supply of a polymerization inhibitor which constantly effects stable supply of a polymerization inhibitor solution adjusted to a prescribed concentration and enables a compound handled at the next step to be prevented from polymerization is provided. The apparatus for the preparation and supply of a polymerization inhibitor has at least two tanks and a stirring device, a liquid level detector, a polymerization inhibitor input port, a concentration-adjusting liquid input port, and a polymerization inhibitor solution feed opening, each being installed in at least one of said tanks.

Abstract: A system and process for improving the combustion of fuel oil in boilers employs: (1) dual homogenization of fuel oil and water; (2) recovery of heat from, and injection of, boiler waste water in the homogenization system; (3) mixing of urea and boiler waste water and injection into the boiler exhaust gases.

Abstract: According to a new partial stream method, different reagents (I, II) may be mixed quickly and intensively, especially for the production of emulsions, in a dispersing apparatus (10) which has a rotor/stator system (40, 50) at a container (B) near the bottom. A hot initial product, e.g. containing wax, may be dispersed with a dosed partial stream (R I?) of a cold carrier in a premixing chamber (60) via a feeding device (30, 38) below the rotor (50). The resulting mixture is then remixed with a cold main stream (R I) or a part hereof (R I?) fed from above. Contrary to the dispersing systems known, wherein mixing and shearing of the components is performed simultaneously in the region of maximum shearing gradient, the method of the invention separates both time and location of mixing and shearing by feeding said components into the premixing chamber (60). The basic principle is that an optimum emulsion be obtained by preparing a homogeneous phase mixture first.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the production of a two-component coating mixture, in particular for the production of a an aqueous two-component polyurethane coating emulsion from an aqueous binder dispersion comprising isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms and a polyisocyanate, with a mixer for the production of the two-component coating mixture by mixing a first coating component and a second coating component and with a homogeniser for homogenisation of the two-component coating mixture, the homogeniser being downstream from the mixer. It is proposed that, in the outlet zone of the homogeniser, a return line branches off, which opens into the inlet zone of the homogeniser, in order to recirculate a portion of the two-component coating mixture homogenised by the homogeniser for rehomogenisation. The invention furthermore comprises a corresponding process and a substrate which is coated with a coating produced in corresponding manner.

Abstract: A method for continuously mixing a borehole fluid such as cement includes using a measurement of the solid fraction of a cement slurry as it is being mixed to determine the ratio of the solid and liquid components to be added to the slurry. A system for mixing the slurry includes a liquid material (water) supply including a flow meter; a solid material (cement) supply; a mixer which receives the liquid and solid materials and includes an output for delivering materials from the mixer to a delivery system; a device for measuring the amount of material in the mixer; and a flow meter in the output; wherein measurements from the flow meters and the device for measuring the amount of material in the mixer are provided to a control system which provides control signals to automatically control the amount of solid and/or liquid material added to the mixer.

Abstract: A tank comprising a rounded bottom section with an inlet located at the lowest point of the rounded bottom section having openings to direct fluid against the curved side walls to form a circulation cell. An outlet is provided inside the tank located above and in close proximity to the inlet. The design of the tank, inlet and outlet provide a circulation pattern that can mix, maintain and resuspend fluids and slurries.

Abstract: A system for controlling the cooling of small milk quantities in a cooling tank (4). An agitation pipe (2) extended through a regular milk outlet (26) in a first end wall (6) of the tank is provided, having a nozzle end (32) for introducing incoming/re-circulated milk onto a milk cooling surface (14) at a predetermined position (dp). The position (dp) being situated (1) between a first end wall (6) and a central part of the tank (4) and laterally displaced (b) relative to the perpendicular central axis of the tank. The nozzle end (32) is directed towards a second end wall (8) of the tank (4). Agitation is performed by the agitation pipe (2) upon demand or when the milk quantity is insufficient for a regular agitator element (27) to work properly.

Abstract: A powder mixing system and mixer for mixing cement used in cementing oil wells or other similar dry powder mixtures. The mixer is provided with a central recirculation jet and with annularly located alternating recirculation and mix water jets that discharge into the mixing chamber of the mixer in an overlapping fashion to effectively wet dry cement introduced into the mixing chamber. The mix water jets are formed from a set of slots provided both in a rotatable element and from another set of slots provided in a stationary portion so that when the rotatable element rotates, the size of mix water jets is adjusted. Two inlet elbows attach to the inlet of the central recirculation jet to cause the flow from the jet to rotate in a diverging pattern.

Abstract: A cost effective solution preparing apparatus includes a chamber which is divided into two compartments by a movable partition; a dissolving solution supply line for supplying a dissolving solution to the first compartment of the chamber; a solution tank connected with the first compartment and the second compartment through a first solution preparing line and through a second solution preparing line, respectively; a transporting pump provided in the second solution preparing line; a concentration meter; a solution transporting line for transporting the solution prepared and filled in the second compartment to a point of use; and a circulating line, in which the solution tank is exemplified as a U-shape tank constructed of a relatively small-diameter upstream tank portion and a relatively large-diameter downstream tank portion, and at least one filter is provided in a downstream portion of the downstream tank portion.

Abstract: A method for continuously mixing a borehole fluid such as cement includes using a measurement of the solid fraction of a cement slurry as it is being mixed to determine the ratio of the solid and liquid components to be added to the slurry. A system for mixing the includes a liquid material (water) supply including a flow meter; a solid material (cement) supply; a mixer which receives the liquid and solid materials and includes an output for delivering materials from the mixer to a delivery system; a device for measuring the amount of material in the mixer, and a flow meter in the output; wherein measurements from the flow meters and the device for measuring the amount of material in the mixer are used to control the amount of solid and/or liquid material added to the mixer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for blending and supplying process materials. The method and apparatus are particularly applicable to the blending of ultra-high purity chemicals, the blending of abrasive slurries with other chemicals for the polishing of semiconductor wafers, and high-accuracy blending of chemicals.

Abstract: A chemical delivery apparatus is provided. In one exemplary arrangement, the apparatus comprises a first vessel having a body and a neck extending upwardly from the body. The neck has a smaller cross-sectional area than the body. A fluid inlet is provided near a top of the neck. A fluid outlet is provided near a bottom of the body. A first sight tube port is provided near the top of the neck, and a second sight tube port is provided near the bottom of the body. A sight tube is connected between the first and second sight tube ports to indicate an amount of fluid in the first vessel. A first fluid source selectively communicates with the first vessel through the fluid inlet of the first vessel. A second vessel is also provided, comprising a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. A second fluid source selectively communicates with the second vessel through the fluid inlet of the second vessel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for blending and supplying process materials. The method and apparatus are particularly applicable to the blending of ultra-high purity chemicals, the blending of abrasive slurries with other chemicals for the polishing of semiconductor wafers, and high-accuracy blending of chemicals. The apparatus may include a dispensing subsystem that supplies process materials to a mixing subsystem where they are blended with a static mixer. The method may include supplying process materials with a dispensing subsystem and blending the process materials in a static mixer.

Abstract: An apparatus for feeding slurry to an external device. The apparatus includes a preparation tank for preparing the slurry. A circulation pipe is connected to the preparation tank to circulate the slurry. A feeding pipe is connected between the preparation tank and the external device to feed the external device with the slurry. A pump sends the chemical solution in the preparation tank to the circulation pipe and the feeding pipe. A concentration detector is arranged downstream to the pump to detect the concentration of the slurry. A controller controls the concentration of the chemical solution in the preparation tank in accordance with the detection value of the concentration detector and controls the feeding of the chemical solution.