Abstract: Non-intermeshing four-wing and three-wing rotors for use in high intensity mixing machines of the batch type provide new sequences and new characteristics of dynamic interactions for achieving advantageously increased mixing effectiveness and strength of the rotors. These new rotors are adapted for driving at unequal speed (unsynchronized rotation) or at equal speed (synchronized rotation). In the four-wing rotors, long wings and short wings both originate from both ends of the rotor. The new four-wing and three-wing rotors intensify axial mixing action and transverse distributive mixing for causing the mixes (batches) to become more homogeneous. The markedly increased twist angles T in both types of rotors decreases the volume of material "sitting" at the center of the mixer for maximizing the dispersive mixing or high shear occurring between wing tips and wall surface of each rotor cavity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for avoiding the clumping of fibers having diameters and lengths in certain ranges during dry blending of such fibers into a dry matrix material. The process comprises distributing fibers in a vaporous medium, and transporting fluidized fibers to a mixing zone containing a dry matrix material. Concurrently with stirring and blending of the dry matrix material with fluidized fibers, the fluidized fibers having been separated at least partially from a fluidized vapor are gradually introduced into the mixing zone. This process avoids the phenomena of "balling" that otherwise occurs with certain fibers.

Abstract: A dough batch mixing process and apparatus where the ingredients are mixed first at a high rate of speed and then transferred for developing in a separate chamber. The blending of ingredients is performed by a helical shaped agitator without a central shaft which rotates to force the mix toward one end of the chamber. A common hatchway between the chambers is opened and the agitator spirals to force the mix through the opening into the second chamber for further development of the mix. After completion of the developing cycle, the fully prepared dough is exhausted from the chamber by two rotating roller bars which substantially pulls the entire mass from the chamber leaving limited waste behind. Each segment of the cycle is performed continuously so that a new fully developed dough batch is readied every one-half cycle time.

Abstract: Apparatus for dispersing particulate material in a liquid, for example, particulate coal and agglomerating oil in water, comprising an upwardly extending, cylindrical container for the flow of the coal, oil and water upwardly therethrough passed a lower, flat blade type turbine rotor, an intermediate knife blade type turbine rotor and an upper pitched blade type turbine rotor. An annular shaped portion is around the intermediate rotor and houses the intermediate rotor in a cylindrical duct, longitudinally extending baffles extend upwardly along the container inner surface and are spaced therefrom. The lower rotor causes radially outward flow of the coal-water-oil mixture, the intermediate rotor causes fine break down and homogenization of the coal-water-oil mixture, while the pitched blade type turbine rotor causes reverse flow of the homogenized coal-water-oil mixture producing seed agglomerates of carbonaceous coal particles and oil leaving any ash particles dispersed in the water.

Abstract: A flavor mixing and dispensing device for a frozen confection machine including an upright valve cylinder having a discharge outlet at its lower end and a frozen confection inlet port and a plurality of flavoring inlet ports spaced above its lower end. A rotary mixer is provided in the lower portion of the cylinder and a valve piston is slidable in the valve cylinder. The valve piston is formed with a downwardly opening cavity means for receiving the rotary mixer, and the rotary mixer and valve piston are constructed and arranged so that the mixer telescopes into the cavity means in the valve piston when the piston is moved to its lower position, and the mixer and valve piston substantially fill the mixing chamber in the lower portion of the valve cylinder to displace substantially all material from the valve cylinder at the end of a dispensing operation.

Abstract: Apparatus for counter-current contact of at least partially immiscible fluids having different densities, which apparatus comprises a vertical vessel enclosing a plurality of superposed stirred compartments separated from one another by perforated separating walls. To increase the hold-up of dispersed fluid phase in the compartments, part of the perforations in the walls are provided with deflecting elements preventing flow of dispersed fluid through said perforations while substantially not hampering the flow of fluid being in the continuous phase.

Abstract: A regenerative heating and melting device is disclosed for treating asphalt concrete rubble for the recovery of an asphalt coated aggregate suitable for reuse. The apparatus includes a vertical cylindrical casing, an inlet for hot gas and an outlet for exhaust gas, conveyor means for conveying the rubble to the top of the casing and means for recovering the regenerated paving material from the casing. The internal space of the cylindrical casing is divided into a plurality of tier sections by partition plates. Each of the plates has an opening means to communicate with the adjacent lower tier section. A rotary shaft is provided in the cylindrical casing, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the cylindrical casing and extending through the tier sections and partition plates.

Abstract: Evaporating and cooking of toffee in a closed vessel having an inlet at the base thereof and an outlet towards the top and at one side of the vessel. A toffee premix liquor is continuously fed in the inlet and discharged through the outlet. High speed counter rotating stirrers are provided in the vessel to agitate the liquor in a vigorous and turbulent manner, such as to form the liquor into a vortex, the extremities of which are urged towards the outlet. The vigorous and turbulent agitation of the liquor assists the production of high quality toffee as a continuous process, at a relatively high throughput rate.

Abstract: An improved method and machine for reclaiming in an on-line configuration both oriented and unoriented film produced on an extrusion line, in general, and an improved means within an on-line reclaim system for transferring both virgin resin and chopped reclaim to an in-line extruder, in particular, are disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing synthetic thermoplastic material comprises a receiver having a vertical axis, a disintegrating and mixing tool which is disposed in the receiver near the bottom thereof and rotatable about the axis of the receiver, and at least one screw extruder, which extends through an opening in the shell of the receiver into the latter adjacent to the disintegrating and mixing tool. To ensure that the screw extruder can be filled uniformly and that such filling will be independent in a high degree from the level to which the receiver is filled, the screw extruder extends at least approximately radially of the axis of the receiver and that end of the screw extruder which extends into the receiver is axially spaced above the disintegrating and mixing tool.

Abstract: A double-worm press, especially an extrusion or plastifying press for thermoplastic materials and particularly high viscosity thermoplastics, has generally conical worms, at least the discharge zones of which are formed so that the material is treated generally adiabatically therein. For this purpose, the end of the discharge zone has a depth of the worm flight which is between 24 and 33% of the worm diameter, preferably between 26 and 30%, with the ratio of the depth of the flight (or height) to the diameter of the worm increasing progressively away from the discharge end, counter to the direction of feed of the material.

Abstract: The plant comprises a single reactor divided into adjacent cells which communicate together with a limited passage opening. An inlet for a primary starch fraction and an inlet for a starch-reducing product open into one end-cell, an outlet for the glue connects to the other end-cell and an inlet for a secondary starch fraction opens into an intermediate cell. In this intermediate cell a baffle-plate is mounted. A stirrer is mounted in the reactor and comprises in each cell a stirring disc extending eccentrically relative to the geometrical reactor axis.

Abstract: A motor-transportable plant for delivering substances for treating roadways or the land, in which a tank is divided by a wall into two separate chambers, each accessible through a manhole, and which can be connected together by opening valves provided in the wall; one of said chambers comprises stirring means for a liquid and a solute contained in the chamber, and means for withdrawing the formed solution and feeding it to the outside of the tank, a motor being provided for said withdrawal and for feeding the solution; the second chamber comprises stirrer means and means for withdrawing a solid material contained in the chamber and for feeding it to distributors therefor; said stirrer and withdrawal means are extractable from the chamber through an aperture closable by means of a suitable cover; the tank is supported by a rigid quadrilateral frame provided with legs which can extend by hydraulic control and are each provided with orthogonal shafts which are inserted into the cross members of the frame to defi

Abstract: A mixing apparatus is provided in which a rotatable impeller is surrounded by a device having radial openings and being in shearing relationship with the impeller so that material urged outwardly through the openings is subjected to a shearing action. A discharge chamber receives material passing through the openings and is thus pressurized so as to discharge material from an outlet of the chamber.

Abstract: A new mixing vessel is disclosed, which vessel enables a sizable saving of the energy required for the mixing compared with the conventional mixing vessel. The vessel comprises a propeller disposed adjacent to the side wall of a cylindrical tank disposed horizontally, which propeller generates a thrust tangential to the cylindrical vessel wall that creates the mixing motion of the slurry rotating about the axis of the cylindrical vessel. In said arrangement of the cylindrical vessel and the propeller, the propeller shaft is perpendicular to the vessel axis. Therefore, two or more propellers mixing slurries in two or more vessels can be driven by a single shaft disposed through the horizontal cylindrical vessels disposed in a parallel alignment. The bearing supporting the head-end of the driving shaft can be enclosed within a flange sealed with a blind flange, which flange is disposed onto the first mixing vessel in line with the spools housing the shaft.

Abstract: The disclosure refers to a method and apparatus for the preparation of PVC powder and the processing thereof to form plastic products, with care being paid to the material and also energy-saving. The PVC powder with additives is brought very quickly to a temperature between 340.degree. K. and 420.degree. K. through frictional heat and is then further heated only with thermal energy, without intermediate cooling, to a temperature at which the mixture is still just pourable. It is then immediately fed to the further processing.

Abstract: Milling apparatus wherein material to be milled is agitated with a charge of particulate material also includes one or more predispersing chambers through which the material to be milled enters the apparatus. The chamber includes pumping means which carry out predispersing work.

Abstract: A two stage extruder comprising a first, vertical extruder and a second, horizontal extruder with the working chambers of the two stages connected by a connecting passage and off-set from one another so that each lies at a tangent to the other in a region which is a lower outlet region of the vertical stage and a drawing-in region of the horizontal stage; the vertical stage has a plasticizing portion with a planetary arrangement, a screw shaft supported in a lower axial pressure bearing and a butting ring for the planetary spindles disposed on the screw shaft. A lower cylindrical liner for the vertical stage has an aperture therein and the effective size of the connecting passage can be adjusted by rotating the liner.

Abstract: A container for shipping, storing and mixing at least two fluids has a covered cylindrical outer container for containing a first fluid and a coaxial, smaller diameter inner container for the second fluid. The inner container is closed at the end adjacent the cover of the outer container by a piston and at the opposite end by a removable seal. A plurality of mixing blades are spaced around the inner container and are coupled to a drive plate in the cover of the outer container for rotation therewith. The drive plate has an axial opening for a pusher rod to enter and push the piston down the inner container to expel the second fluid into the first fluid in the outer container, the fluids then being mixed by rotation of the drive plate.

Abstract: A novel mixing apparatus for pulverent material, slurries and paste like material is disclosed. The apparatus is especially suitable for mixing cement and sand into mortar. The mixing apparatus comprises a casing having a cylindrical inner surface and a screw member mounted within the casing for rotation relative thereto about an axis which is coaxial with the axis of the inner surface, characterized in that the screw member includes a plurality of flights which at least approximate portions of a helical screw but which are arranged such that the tailing portion of one flight overlaps, as viewed axially, the leading portion of the next succeeding downstream flight. The overlapping flights promote turbulence in the flow which ensures good mixing.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for mechanically mixing two immiscible liquids and one or more other substances by creating in the upper portion of the apparatus a continuous dual-layer liquid film composed of upper and lower layers of immiscible liquids such as oil and water, into which film one or more substances in the gas, liquid, powder, or a combined phase are dispersed and the resulting dispersed mixture is further mixed and emulsified in the lower portion of the apparatus under the action of shearing forces. A portion of the oil to be mixed may be fed directly into the lower portion of the apparatus for mixing with the pre-emulsified mixture.

Abstract: A machine for making an emulsified product from a mixture of a gas and a liquid milk product capable of forming a foam which comprises a fixed whipping barrel, having a substantially labyrinth passage defined therein, and to which the liquid milk product, after having sucked by and mixed with the gas in a suction pump, is supplied under pressure. The liquid milk product mixed with air is emulsified as it flows through the labyrinth passage in the fixed whipping barrel and then supplied towards a rotary whipping barrel having therein a stirring rod rotatable about its longitudinal axis. The emulsified milk product is, during its passage through the rotary whipping barrel, stirred by the rotary stirring rod so that it can be further emulsified to provide a highly homogenized emulsion which is subsequently discharged from a dispenser.

Abstract: The spiral agitator in a vessel for separating steam from polymer is modified by providing holes in the ribbon flight at locations adjacent to the locations where the ribbon flight is supported by struts for the purpose of allowing the polymer to flow through the holes and sweep the area directly behind the struts to prevent gel buildup in these locations.

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out the process for solubilizing a suspension of casein in powder form in an aqueous medium, the casein suspension containing at most 270 g of casein per liter of aqueous medium, which comprises leaving the casein suspension to age for at least 10 minutes, after which a solubilizing agent is progressively added to this suspension until a homogeneous solution is obtained.Application to acid casein, the solubilizing agent being an alkaline agent. Application to phosphocalcic and rennet caseins, the solubilizing agent being a calcium-complexing agent.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for producing foam from two or more flowable chemical components where a filler material, such as waste foam, is added to one or more of the components prior to mixing and foaming. The charging mechanism for mixing the filler and component comprises a component feed pipe and a filler feed screw having a tubular housing. The discharge opening of the feed screw projects axially into the feed pipe so as to form an annular slot between the feed pipe and the housing to which slot the pipe from the dosing pump is connected, one end of the feed pipe being sealed to the housing.

Abstract: Process and means are provided for reducing the viscosity of a work hardened slurry of finely divided ore having a pulp density of at least 15% by weight of solids, the process comprising, gently mechanically agitating a mass of said work hardened slurry confined in a container whereby to cause relative movement between said mass and a contacting surface such that said mass is subjected to shear forces, the relative movement being at a linear velocity sufficient to provide shear forces in said agitated mass in contact with the surface effective for reducing the viscosity to a desired level more than 50% below the original viscosity, and continuing said agitation at substantially said linear velocity until the viscosity has been reduced to said desired level. A rotating drum or a container with a stirring device may be employed for carrying out the invention.