Abstract: Disclosed are: an apparatus for kneading a rubber material which continuously performs a series of processes which are kneading a rubber material with a non-vulcanization compounding agent at the beginning, kneading it with a vulcanization compounding agent, and finally obtaining final kneaded rubber; and a kneading method using this kneading apparatus. Preparatory kneaded rubber having been kneaded in one internal mixer is selectively fed, by a distribution conveyor, to a group of kneading lines where at least two kneading lines are provided to be arranged side by side. Each of the kneading line consists of a plurality of open roll mixers serially connected with each other. Intermediate kneaded rubber resulted in having a target viscosity after having been kneaded in the group of kneading lines is kneaded with a vulcanization compounding agent, whereby final kneaded rubber is obtained.

Abstract: A rubber kneading machine obviates an operator having to touch rubber on a rotating roll surface to perform a rubber kneading operation, permits unattended operation, is intrinsically safe, improves a rubber kneading process productivity, secures stable quality of kneaded rubber, and allows a closed rubber supplying mechanism to be easily opened and exposed for easy cleaning. The rubber kneading machine includes two horizontal rolls closely disposed vertically, decelerators and variable speed motors rotating the rolls at different speeds, and a screw extruder supplying a rubber lump fed into a hopper at a proximal end to the rolls. A rubber circulating mechanism constructed mainly of a scraper and a belt conveyor, or a belt conveyor above the upper roll, feeds a rubber sheet, which has left the rolls, to the hopper. A mechanism releasing the screw extruder makes it possible to open and expose closed portions to facilitate cleaning.

Abstract: A sheet-testing apparatus including kneading rolls, a frame feeder, sheet applicator, foreign material detector, a frame with a light transparent window and a cutter for cutting a sheet. A sheet-testing sample-making apparatus has a cluster of kneading rolls, frame feeder, and sheet applicator. A sheet thickness detection apparatus outputs an electric signal to a memory. A kneading apparatus has a pair of heating rolls separated by a gap. The directions and speeds of rotations of the rolls are adjustable. A sensor detects the gap and a bank sensor detects the condition of a bank in the gap. The distance between the rolls, their temperatures, rotations, and speeds are automatically controlled. A pair of blades peel a sheet from the sheet-winding roll. Material dropped through the gap between the heating rolls is returned to a point above the gap. A cutting device has a length of wire sprung onto a rolled sheet to sever the sheet.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for continuously making a mixture of viscous material with solid material segments, which utilizes a pair of spaced mixing rolls (26, 28) for dragging the viscous material (42, 44) and the solid material segments (66, 68) into a gap (34) between the mixing rolls to permit the material to be mixed together to form an impregnated compound (82). Each roll has a hopper (36, 38) having an opening (54) and an associated coating blade (46,48) for depositing of layer (42, 44) of desired thickness of the viscous material on the mixing rolls. A solid material cutter (70, 72) is located above and associated with each mixing roller, to provide distinct stream (66, 68) of solid material segments in a uniform rainfall onto the layers of viscous material as the layers emerge from the coating blades. Both the thickness of the viscous layer applied to the rolls and the gap between the rolls are adjustable to accommodate a wide variety of recipes and to produce a variety of useful compounds.

Abstract: An open mill or mixer for the processing of rubber and plastics comprises an additional or third roll for a higher productivity and, when upstream of the open mill a closed mixer is provided, for a readier cooling of the mixture. The two usual rolls are not placed at the same level, but one is slightly upper, while the third additional roll engages the lower one in the bottom part thereof. The angle formed by the lines joining the center of this latter with the centers of the other two rolls is comprised between 60.degree. and 120.degree. and is preferably of 80.degree.-90.degree.. Also the third roll is motor-driven, as well as the other two and has a higher peripheral speed than the roll which is wrapped up by the mix sheet and has the lower speed.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically kneading and stretching a mixture of ingredients used in the preparation of an article of food such as dough, so as to enable efficient and convenient preparation thereof, including a support, a frame mounted on the support, a pair of shafts rotatably journalled in the frame, one above the other, a pair of rollers, secured to the pair of shafts such that a space is formed between such rollers, means for driving the pair of shafts and the pair of rollers secured thereto so as to generate rotation thereof, and a pan, including a downwardly-inclined top surface on which the mixture of ingredients for the dough is positionable, which pan is positionable on top of the frame so as to feed such mixture of ingredients into the space between the pair of rollers which are driven by the driving means so as to pull the mixture of ingredients therethrough so as to automatically knead and stretch such mixture thereby.

Abstract: A unitary reactor system for the alkylation of benzene with olefins. The hydrocarbon reactants are sprayed horizontally from a plurality of openings in a number of vertical conduits which extend upward into a lower portion of the vessel. The conduits are surrounded by a vertical reaction tube having a circular catalyst inlet at its bottom end and which contains a mixing means located above the conduits. A hydrocarbon phase is retained in the upper portion of the vessel and an acid phase surrounds the reaction tube, with the interface of the two liquid phases being maintained above the open upper end of the reaction tube.