Abstract: In some examples, adaptive speech intelligibility control for speech privacy may include determining, based on background noise at a near-end of a speaker, a noise estimate associated with speech emitted from the speaker, and comparing, by using a specified factor, the noise estimate to a speech level estimate for the speech emitted from the speaker. Adaptive speech intelligibility control for speech privacy may further include determining, based on the comparison, a gain value to be applied to the speaker to produce the speech at a specified level to maintain on-axis intelligibility with respect to the speaker, and applying the gain value to the speaker.

Abstract: A distortion compensation apparatus executes a process including: Performing distortion compensation that compensates in advance for a nonlinear distortion occurring when a transmission signal is amplified by a power amplifier; determining whether power of the transmission signal is smaller than a predetermined threshold; holding a gain relating to the distortion compensation or a result of the distortion compensation when the power of the transmission signal is determined to be smaller than the predetermined threshold; and outputting to the power amplifier, when the power of the transmission signal is determined to be smaller than the predetermined threshold, the result of the distortion compensation, and outputting to the power amplifier, when the power of the transmission signal is determined to be equal to or greater than the predetermined threshold, a result of distortion compensation performed using the held, gain, or the held result of the distortion compensation.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer readable storage medium, comprising executable instructions to collect network traffic data, produce a Fourier signature from the network traffic data, associate the Fourier signature with a known pattern, collect new network traffic data, produce a new Fourier signature from the new network traffic data, compare the new Fourier signature with the Fourier signature to selectively identify a match and associate the new network traffic data with the known pattern upon a match.

Abstract: A dictation device includes: an audio input device configured to receive a voice utterance including a plurality of words; a video input device configured to receive video of lip motion during the voice utterance; a memory portion; a controller configured according to instructions in the memory portion to generate first data packets including an audio stream representative of the voice utterance and a video stream representative of the lip motion; and a transceiver for sending the first data packets to a server end device and receiving second data packets including combined dictation based upon the audio stream and the video stream from the server end device. In the combined dictation, first dictation generated based upon the audio stream has been corrected by second dictation generated based upon the video stream.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for improving a current spread of a light emitting diode (LED). Some aspects including a peak detector and a variable gain amplifier coupled to the peak detector and configured to amplify an output of the peak detector. The variable gain amplifier controlled by a gain selector, coupled to the variable gain amplifier by varying the gain of the variable gain amplifier based on an on time of a signal.

Abstract: A method and system to improve the performance and/or reliability of a solid-state drive (SSD). In one embodiment of the invention, the SSD has logic to compress a block of data to be stored in the SSD. If it is not possible to compress the block of data below the threshold, the SSD stores the block of data without any compression. If it is possible to compress the block of data below the threshold, the SSD compresses the block of data and stores the compressed data in the SSD. In one embodiment of the invention, the SSD has logic to dynamically adjust or select the strength of the error correcting code of the data that is stored in the SSD. In another embodiment of the invention, the SSD has logic to provide intra-page XOR protection of the data in the page.

Abstract: A unit (25, 46) performs a compression operation or a decompression operation with respect to information for transmission in packets over a wireless link (36). The transmission over the wireless link is such that the packets may become reordered from a transmission sequence. The compression operation and the decompression operation involve a tradeoff of robustness and reordering depth. The robustness is an indicator of a degree of information loss over the link tolerated by the compression operation and the decompression operation; the reordering depth is a degree of packet reordering tolerated by the compression operation and the decompression operation. The unit dynamically adjusts the tradeoff of the robustness and the reordering depth in accordance with characteristics of the link. In an example embodiment, the information upon which the compression operation and the decompression operation is performed is sequence number information of a packet header.

Abstract: A method and system to improve the performance and/or reliability of a solid-state drive (SSD). In one embodiment of the invention, the SSD has logic compress a block of data to be stored in the SSD. If it is not possible to compress the block of data below the threshold, the SSD stores the block of data without any compression. If it is possible to compress the block of data below the threshold, the SSD compresses the block of data and stores the compressed data in the SSD. In one embodiment of the invention, the SSD has logic to dynamically adjust or select the strength of the error correcting code of the data that is stored in the SSD. In another embodiment of the invention, the SSD has logic to provide intra-page XOR protection of the data in the page.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compressor and method for amplifying an input signal with a controlled gain. An output signal representing the input signal is amplified by an initial gain and a signal level of the input signal or of the output signal is compared with a threshold level. If the signal level is below the threshold level, the initial gain value is updated using an adaptive control characteristic, and if the signal level is above the threshold level, the initial gain value is updated using a fixed control characteristic or an adaptive control characteristic respectively. The adaptive control characteristic is dependent on the signal level and the fixed control characteristic is independent from the signal level.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a signal for cell searching in a mobile communication system having a multi-cell environment includes transmitting the signal to one or more receiving party devices within a cell, wherein the signal is used for a synchronization of the one or more receiving party devices within the cell, the signal is defined by a combination of a first code sequence derived from a first index and a second code sequence derived from a second index, and an identity of the cell is used for defining the combination of the first code sequence and the second code sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of searching a code sequence in a cell based mobile communication system, by which a receiving side is able to code sequence detection efficiently. In a code sequence transmitting method for an efficient code sequence search in a mobile communication system, the code sequence transmitting method includes a step of boosting at least one tone for a code sequence and a step of transmitting the code sequence having the boosted at least one tone to a receiving side.

Abstract: A mechanism for determining an optimal compression technique for each data file when creating a computer archive file from a set of data files. A local archiving application receives an instruction to archive a set of data files and determines the file type and size of a data file in the set of data files. An optimal compression method for the data file is selected based on the file type and size of the data file. The archiving application compresses the data file using the optimal compression method. The archiving application updates meta data associated with the compressed file to include a meta compression format identifier of the optimal compression method used to compress the data file. The archiving application then repeats the determining, selecting, compressing, and updating for each data file in the set of data files to create an archive of the set of data files.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for processing a signal. An object of the present invention devised to solve the problem lies on a method and apparatus for processing a signal, which allows a signal having optimized signal transmission efficiency to be transmitted/received.

Abstract: A device for reducing mutual crosstalk of a signal routed across a first line and a second signal routed across a second line, wherein by the mutual crosstalk at an output of the first line a first interfered signal may be obtained and at an output of the second line a second interfered signal may be obtained, comprising a modifier for modifying the first interfered signal that is interfered by crosstalk due to the second signal, and for modifying the second interfered signal that is interfered by crosstalk due to the first signal, wherein the modifier is adapted to model an interference due to the mutual crosstalk, and a combiner for combining the first interfered signal with the modified second interfered signal to obtain a first corrected signal and for combining the second interfered signal with the modified first interfered signal to obtain a second corrected signal.

Abstract: An ability to compress packets is announced from a customer edge router (CE) to other CEs through a routing protocol packet. An announcement of that ability is received from another CE through a routing protocol packet. A compression technique is then matched. The CE receives compression information from the other CE in a routing protocol packet, and determines that a compression technique identified therein matches any compression technique the CE is programmed to use. The CE then flags packets transmitted from/received by the CE to be compressed/decompressed according to the matched compression technique. Alternatively, the CE may match by transmitting compression information identifying a compression technique to the another CE in a routing protocol packet; the another CE receives the routing protocol packet and determines that a compression technique identified in the compression information of the routing protocol packet matches any compression technique the another CE is programmed to use.

Abstract: An ultra-wideband clear channel assessment system uses a double-window energy technique for energy detection, which indicates a clear or busy channel.

Abstract: A method and system for analyzing continuous bit segments taken from a general data channel and classifying the sampled data by type, such as: voice, audio or data. B contiguous bits are converted to plus and minus deltas. The B-replaced values are then padded with B contiguous zeroes and the Fourier Transform of the padded sequence is computed. A power spectral density is derived from the Fourier Transform. In addition to the Fourier Transform, compression and entropy algorithms are performed on strings of bits within the message. The first B terms of the power spectral density and the results of the compression and entropy algorithms are used to differentiate and classify the data types, based on the premise that the combination of power spectral density, compression and entropy results yields parameters indicative of distinct types of data messages.

Abstract: A packet-based, hierarchical communication system, arranged in a spanning tree configuration, is described in which wired and wireless communication networks exhibiting substantially different characteristics are employed in an overall scheme to link portable or mobile computing devices. The network accommodates real time voice transmission both through dedicated, scheduled bandwidth and through a packet-based routing within the confines and constraints of a data network. Conversion and call processing circuitry is also disclosed which enables access devices and personal computers to adapt voice information between analog voice stream and digital voice packet formats as proves necessary. Routing pathways include wireless spanning tree networks, wide area networks, telephone switching networks, internet, etc., in a manner virtually transparent to the user.

Abstract: In a case of being judged that a compressed mode is applied in a mobile terminal, if it is judged that reception quality during data communication is favorable, gap intervals are not created by passing through a processing of gap interval creation. Further, if the data communication over the HS-DSCH is performed, the data communication over the HS-DSCH is continued. This prevents degradation of data transmission rate over a channel for high speed data transmission service, in the presence of a mobile terminal in a favorable reception quality area.

Abstract: A cryptographic system, method, and device for implementing cryptographic functions designed to protect data is provided. The method includes (a) providing an algorithm processing unit, (b) executing a cryptographic algorithm at the algorithm processing unit using a first cryptographic datum and input data to form output data, (c) determining if a context switch command is received from a controller, (d) receiving a second cryptographic datum from a memory if the context switch command is received, (e) replacing the second cryptographic datum with the first cryptographic datum if the context switch command is received, and (f) repeating (b)-(e). The controller switches the processing state of the algorithm processing unit from one channel to another channel without leaking data between channels through execution of the operations each time a channel switch is selected. As a result, a single algorithm processing unit used with a controller can provide multiple independent levels of security.

Abstract: A context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) method. The CABAC method for a bitstream comprises: detecting a control signal (Sig_first); decoding a first bin representing one of a first coefficient flag (Sig) and a second coefficient flag (Last) from the bitstream according to the control signal (Sig_first); decoding a second bin representing one of the second coefficient flag (Last) and a next first coefficient flag (Sig) from the bitstream according to the decoded first bin and the control signal (Sig_first); and updating the control signal (Sig_first) according to the decoded first and second bins. The first and second bins are decoded in one clock cycle, the first coefficient flag (Sig) indicates whether a corresponding coefficient value is zero, and the second coefficient flag (Last) indicates whether a coefficient map decoding process is finished.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus for sequentially transmitting data in units of packets each containing transmission data to the receiving end, comprises: a reception unit for receiving the transmission data as an input signal; a packet formation unit for receiving the transmission data received, and forming an uncompressed packet in which predetermined transmission data is stored as uncompressed data, and a compressed packet in which at least a portion of transmission data that follows the predetermined transmission data is compressed and stored as compressed data.

Abstract: A secondary source of dispatch information is provided in the event of a failure of a primary source of dispatch information. The second source of dispatch information can be accessed electronically by service technicians in the field when the primary source of dispatch information fails so that service technicians do not have to contact operators in a central office to obtain the dispatch information. The secondary source of dispatch information can distribute the dispatch information in a number of ways including e-mail, web and other methods.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described for adaptive puncturing techniques involving an adaptive bit loading block to select a modulation scheme and a puncturing pattern for each of a plurality of subcarriers or subcarrier bands based on subcarrier channel state information.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus is provided for sequentially transmitting data in units of packets each containing transmission data to the receiving end, the apparatus including: a reception unit for receiving the transmission data as an input signal; a packet formation unit for receiving the transmission data received, and forming an uncompressed packet in which predetermined transmission data is stored as uncompressed data, and a compressed packet in which at least a portion of transmission data that follows the predetermined transmission data is compressed and stored as compressed data; a reference information management unit for holding and managing, as reference information, information relating to the uncompressed packet formed by the packet formation unit; and a transmission unit for transmitting the respective packets formed by the packet formation unit, as a transmission signal, to the receiving end.

Abstract: An apparatus for communicating between an access endpoint and a mobile device endpoint comprising a network service center attached to the access endpoint. A memory stores a prototype corpus representing historical communication information. The network service center includes a processor to train the prototype corpus and create a plurality of records including a protocol trigger, training data and a user dictionary. The access endpoint sends the training data to endpoints to produce training data specific to classes of endpoints. The access endpoint and the mobile device endpoint communicate with one another, and the network service center collects communication data related to the communications interaction and stores the communication data in the memory. The processor generates feedback data based at least in part of the communication data. Advantages of the invention include the ability for network operators to optimize communication techniques based on network traffic.

Abstract: Techniques for reducing overall information loss and processing costs due to data translation in a network populated with communicating data sources and sinks of multiple data representations is described. By employing an “optimization” technique for negotiating “least cost” data representations to be communicated between data source(s) and sink(s) where the “least cost” can be relative to, for example, fidelity requirements and processing costs of the system or the user of the system.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a transmitter includes first encoding controlled frequency output circuitry to creates a magnitude encoded controlled frequency signal (CFS) and second encoding controlled frequency output circuitry to create a complementary a magnitude encoded controlled frequency signal (CCFS). Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for processing a wide dynamic range analog signal which comprises multiple components such as a signal with an in-phase component and a quadrature-phase component in for example separate I and Q data channels, wherein each channel has a dynamic range compressor stage and an operator stage which processes the compressed signals. Optionally the apparatus has a dynamic range expander stage following the operator stage. A method according to the invention involves processing I and Q information after first independently compressing the dynamic range of the signal according to a logarithmic transfer characteristic over a frequency range of interest. A mathematical operation through a F(i,q) function (corresponding to the operator stage) is performed on the compressed components, thereby producing normalized components. The operating transfer function F(i,q) cross links the data channels to effect normalization based on amplitude of information in each of the channels.

Abstract: Information stored in configuration memory of a first device coupled to a communication bus is exposed to other devices allowing the other devices to ascertain the functionality of the first device. A device driver corresponding to the device can, through an interface, cause a bus driver to alter the contents of the configuration memory thereby changing what information is exposed to other devices. When another device “enumerates” the now-altered configuration memory, the other device will learn of the new functionality and proceed in a normal fashion by loading those drivers necessary to use the newly-added functionality. Conversely, when a device and its corresponding device driver is removed, configuration memory is updated accordingly. The present invention may be beneficially applied to systems adhering to the IEEE 1394 Serial Bus standard.

Abstract: A recompression server that automatically decompresses selected pre-compressed data streams and recompresses the decompressed data to a greater degree than the original pre-compressed data. In one embodiment, the recompression server determines from a request whether a requested file is pre-compressed. In another embodiment, the recompression server determines from a retrieved requested file's name or attributes whether the file is pre-compressed. Optionally, the recompression server may compress requested but previously uncompressed files. As another option, the recompression server may cache frequently requested files in re-compressed form to further optimize the bandwidth of a wide area network. Such caching can be done on-line or off-line.

Abstract: In a telephone conferencing system, a digital communication network such as the Internet is used to establish and control the telephone connections between multiple conferees with the telephone network being the means of exchanging verbal information. Each conferee may have a computer connected to the digital network, and each has an independent telephone instrument connected to the public switched telephone network. An in-charge conferee utilizes his computer containing appropriate software to initiate the conference and to control the participation of the conferees. The in-charge conferee sends digital control signals to a switch interface controlling a telephone switch as a gateway to the telephone network using SS7 control signals. These SS7 control signals include the commands by which the conferee telephones are rung up, brought on line, or dropped from the conference.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed whereby, in order to achieve a desired receive audio dynamic range compression factor (e.g., 2:1) at higher background noise levels, an analog mobile station's receiver is inhibited from expanding the received compressed signal. In other words, the received audio signal remains compressed for local background noise levels above a predetermined threshold level. Also, a digital mobile station's audio receiver (or mobile station's receiver that uses digital signal processing for audio) is enabled to achieve a 2:1 compression directly on an uncompressed receive audio signal using a compression software algorithm. In other words, the received (uncompressed) audio signal is compressed in the digital receiver for local background noise levels above a predetermined threshold level, in order to achieve a desired dynamic range.

Abstract: A digital telephone (60) comprises send equipment (40) and receive equipment (50), coupled via a signal splitter/combiner (61) onto a digital telephone line (62) for communication with a remote party (90). The send equipment (40) comprises an A-law map (12) and a mu-law map (43). Receive equipment (50) comprises an inverse A-law map (14) and an inverse mu-law map (52). Maps (12,43) are selectable by the user (80). Similarly, inverse maps (14,52) are also selectable by the user (80). Receive equipment (50) may further comprise an un-quick-fix module (55) for removing unwanted insertions of quick fixes (25) inserted into the telephone line (62) by international telephone companies. Receive equipment (50) may further comprise a digital signal processor (57), computer (56), a set of pre-stored templates (58) corresponding to possible incoming telephone characteristics, and a caller parameter decipher module (51).

Abstract: The system and method of the present invention include a modulator which encodes data on a communication signal using angle modulation. The demodulator, receiving the angle modulated communication signal, angle demodulates the angle modulated communication signal to obtain the data. In this manner, separate frequency bands are not required to transmit both the communication signal and the data. The bandwidth of the transmission from the modulator is reduced to the frequency band of the angle modulated communication signal. Additionally, since angle modulations of an audio signal are inaudible to a listener, when the communication signal is an audio signal, the angle modulated audio signal may be directly output to a listener at the demodulator. A multitude of applications exist for the present invention including Lincompex communication.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a dynamic range enhancing system for increasing the dynamic range of a transmission link, characterized as either an analog or digital link. The system includes a pre-processing unit, provided at a first location, that receives, as input, a transmit signal, and a post-processing unit, provided at a second location, remote from the first location, that receives, as input, a signal transmitted over the transmission link. The pre-processing unit includes a first signal level adjusting device for adjusting a signal level of the transmit signal to be transmitted over the transmission link and a control signal maybe provided for controlling the post-processing unit, and the post-processing unit includes a second signal level adjusting device for adjusting a signal level of the adjusted transmit signal transmitted over said transmission link.

Abstract: A digital telephone (60) comprises send equipment (40) and receive equipment (50), coupled via a signal splitter/combiner (61) onto a digital telephone line (62) for communication with a remote party (90). The send equipment (40) comprises an A-law map (12) and a mu-law map (43). Receive equipment (50) comprises an inverse A-law map (14) and an inverse mu-law map (52). Maps (12,43) are selectable by the user (80). Similarly, inverse maps (14,52) are also selectable by the user (80). Each of send equipment (40) and receive equipment (50) may further comprise an un-quick-fix module (45) for removing unwanted insertions of quick fixes (25) inserted into the telephone line (62) by international telephone companies. Receive equipment (50) may further comprise a digital signal processor (57), computer (56), a set of prestored templates (58) corresponding to possible incoming telephone characteristics, and a caller parameter decipher module (51).

Abstract: A signal-processing circuit adapted for signal compression and expansion performed in the transmitter and receiver of mobile communication equipment. The signal-processing circuit comprises a multiplication type D/A converter to which an analog signal is applied, a level detector circuit that detects the level of the analog signal, and an A/D converter. The D/A converter converts the analog input signal into an analog output signal having an amplitude corresponding to digital control data. The A/D converter digitizes the output signal from the level detector circuit and supplies it as said digital control data to the D/A converter. These circuits can be fabricated from CMOS circuits.

Abstract: A system is configured to facilitate bidirectional voice communication between a number of data and/or telephony devices.