Abstract: By embedding as a Physical Layer (PHY) Appliqué patterns (time, frequency, tone multiplexed, control signal, explicit network authentication, projective, other, or combined) on wireless electronic communications network (WECN) digital signal packets, and using a QRD-based auto-SCORE adaptation algorithm to maximize the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) attainable by multielement arrays over very small time-bandwidth products, differentiation and detection of signals from environmental noise (particularly from other or non-network signals) can be improved, allowing more compressed, secure, efficient network operations.

Abstract: A method is provided for defining a pulse function shape for acting on a data stream for transmission in a telecommunication system in accordance with a predetermined modulation scheme. The method comprises defining desired cost parameters (e.g., error functions for amplitude, BER, bandwidth, energy, AFC) and defining the shape of the pulse function in dependence of the desired cost parameters. A pulse generator, modulator and communications device using such a defined device are also provided. Application in dual mode TDMA/CDMA system.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods are provided for bridging data to and from different communication physical layers and protocols. The present invention comprises a communication system structured to “bridge” between conventional, narrowband carrier wave communication technology and ultra-wideband communication technology. The present invention may be used in wireless and wire communication networks such as hybrid fiber-coax networks. This Abstract is provided for the sole purpose of complying with the Abstract requirement rules that allow a reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure contained herein. This Abstract is submitted with the explicit understanding that it will not be used to interpret or to limit the scope or the meaning of the claims.

Abstract: A method for generating multiple high-resolution PWM signals in which software interrupts are introduced at predetermined intervals to generate multiple high-resolution PWM signals from a conventional microprocessor. The software determines the purpose of the interrupt in an interrupt subroutine. An interrupt occurs when a compare register equals the timer. Another interrupt occurs when the timer overflows. The interrupts are the key to generating the multiple high-resolution PWM signals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for aiding the analysis of signals by using symbols-based digital modulation. The device includes a signal memory for storing a complex digital signal, representative in amplitude and phase of a captured signal, over a chosen duration, as well as a processor for searching for the properties relating to the carrier frequency of the complex signal and to its modulation. According to the invention, the processor includes a projector for calculating the components of the complex signal in a function basis, the function basis being parameterized according to an estimated tempo of the modulation, as well as a calculator, operating on these components so as to determine an estimate relating to a property of the complex signal, from among its elementary pulse shape, the string of symbols of the complex signal and its carrier.

Abstract: A bidirectional direct sequence spread spectrum half-duplex RF modem that can be applied to transmit and receive numerous types of analog and digital pulse modulation. The modem incorporates a SAW based correlator for performing the spreading and de-spreading functions in the transmitter and receiver. A SAW resonator fabricated on the same monolithic substrate provides the frequency source for the oscillator. An upconverter/downconverter provides frequency translation to the desired frequency band. Pulse gating and interrogating pulse shaping are employed to reduce the spectral side bands of the transmitted spread pulse. The RF modem operates as an analog or digital pulse transmitter and receiver. It is adapted to be generic and is versatile enough to be used in many different types of data communication systems, such as OOK, PWM and PPM. The RF modem can be used as the physical (PHY) layer in a layered communication system such as the ISO OSI communication stack.

Abstract: A subscriber unit which prevents the transmission of data between communicating nodes until the data communication rate required by the communicating nodes has been established selectively suppresses the confirmation tone that a receiving node sends to an originating node. The transmission of voice, facsimile or modem data is prevented until the communication path has been established at the desired communication rate. This permits the subscriber unit to reliably transport encoded data at a plurality of data rates without precise synchronization.

Abstract: A polar loop transmission circuit is proposed wherein a signal to be transmitted and a feedback signal are separated into their polar phase and amplitude components and the components are compared to one another for realizing a phase and amplitude modulation. An amplitude modulator controlled by an amplitude modulation signal is provided, whereby the amplitude modulator follows an oscillator and is preferably fashioned as a nonlinear amplifier that is operated in saturation. An amplifier attenuating the output signal of the amplitude modulator is provided in the feedback path. The present transmission architecture is suitable for future mobile radio telephone systems having a phase and amplitude modulation and are based on the known GSM standard, for example.

Abstract: A method implemented by a subscriber unit for suppressing selective communications during communication rate modification, wherein the subscriber unit is coupled between first and the second communicating nodes, includes establishing a communication channel between the first and the second nodes at a first data rate; detecting a transmission from the first node on the channel; determining whether the transmission requires a change in data rates to a second data rate; switching the communication channel to the second data rate; and blocking transmissions from the second node until the second communication rate has been established.

Abstract: A plurality of data signals are separated into parallel bit streams with each parallel stream having a bandwidth characteristic such that the combined cumulative effect of all the individual bandwidths produces a spectral characteristic of the data signals that match the spectral high speed data characteristic of a twisted pair.

Abstract: The present invention provides such a need by utilizing a frequency offset differential pulse position modulation scheme to transmit data between computing devices within a wireless network system. The differential pulse position modulation component of the scheme enables the present invention to provide relative immunity to interference for the system. In particular, such immunity from interference is achieved by utilizing a blanking time between pulse positions, which is large enough to allow the interference between frequency offset—differential pulse position modulation pulses to subside. The frequency offset component of the scheme enables the system to utilize multiple frequency channels to enable the system to achieve higher data rates. In particular, by utilizing a time offset between the frequency channels, the blanking time can be reduced, thereby increasing the amount of data that can be transmitted with a set period of time.

Abstract: Systems and methods for efficient multiplexing of multiple access requests from disparate sources within a single OFDM burst. Each of multiple subscriber units employ non-overlapping groups of OFDM frequency domain symbols within a single burst for upstream transmission of their access requests. In one embodiment, the OFDM frequency domain symbols are differentially encoded to eliminate the need for transmission of upstream training information. In an alternative embodiment, the group of frequency domain symbols within the burst employed by any particular subscriber unit are contiguous to one another. Channel training for a give subscriber unit need only be performed over the subband occupied by its group of frequency domain symbols. This greatly reduces the number of training symbols required for reception.

Abstract: A method (100) and apparatus (400) for encoding and decoding data in a signal using notch depth modulation. The method (100) of data to be encoded in the signal. The method then notch filters (125) the signal according to the frequency notch representation of the data. The apparatus (400) for encoding data comprises an digitizer (405) to digitize the signal. A code former (420) provides the data to be encoded in the signal. A notch filter (430) notch filters the signal according to the data. Decoding the data converts the signal into a frequency domain representation (520) and determines the notch spectral content (525) of the signal at selected notch frequencies. The method (500) establishes notch thresholds (534) at each of the selected notch frequencies, then decodes the data (540) from the signal by comparing the notch spectral content to the notch thresholds.

Abstract: A system using a transmitter which comprises means of generating 4 extended sequences EA0, EA1, EB0 and EB1 using a set (A0,A1) of auto-complementary sequences with length L chips consisting of complete complementary sequences and another similar set (B0,B1), and means of generating a transmitting frame sP obtained by multiplying a cascaded sequence ÊA made of extended sequences EA0 and EA1 by a pilot information {circumflex over (p)}, generating a transmitting frame sD obtained by multiplying a cascaded sequence ÊB made of extended sequences EB0 and EB1 by data b, synchronously adding both the transmitting frames to produce a symbol frame, and transmitting a carrier wave modulated thereby, and a receiver which comprises means of applying a front portion r0 of the synchronously received baseband frame demodulated by above described carrier wave to matched filters M(A0) and M(B0), and applying a rear portion r1 of the synchronously received frame to matched filters M(A1) and M(B1), and means of gen

Abstract: A device for transmitting a pulse signal via a metallic line to a receiver end at which equalization is applied to the received pulse signal. The device includes a waveform adjustment unit which adjusts a pulse width in accordance with differences between characteristics of the metallic line and characteristics that are assumed for the equalization at the receiver end. The device further includes a transmission driver unit which transmits a pulse having the adjusted pulse width to the metallic line.

Abstract: A PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) circuit of the present invention includes a reference pulse sequence generating section for outputting a reference pulse sequence, an up-down counter, a trigger signal generating section for generating from an input signal a trigger signal for the up-down counter having a period which is a natural number multiple of one cycle the period of PWM, and a comparator for comparing the output of the up-down counter and the reference pulse sequence.

Abstract: A system and method to reduce a ratio between a peak signal power and an average power (PAPR) in a multi-tone communication system. The system includes an encoder configured to receive a plurality of input bits and to generate a plurality of coded symbols based on the plurality of input bits, and a phase shift calculator configured to calculate a plurality of phase shift values for the coded symbols that minimizes the peak to average power ratio. The system further includes an encoding phase shifter coupled to the encoder and the phase shift calculator, configured to receive the phase shift values from the phase shift calculator and configured to phase shift the plurality of coded symbols to generate a plurality of phase shifted symbols.

Abstract: An apparatus for receiving and processing an electrical signal in the form of a pulse train comprising a plurality of pulses. The apparatus generally comprises a processor, a memory and a timer. The timer may be configured to generate a respective value representative of the positions of each leading and trailing edge of each pulse in the pulse train. The memory may be configured to receive the value and write the value. The timer may be configured to generate an interrupt signal following receipt of the trailing edge of the last pulse in the pulse train and apply the interrupt signal to the processor. The processor may read the values stored in the memory for decoding the pulse train in response to said interrupt signal.

Abstract: A polar loop transmission circuit is proposed wherein a signal to be transmitted and a feedback signal are separated into their polar phase and amplitude components and the components are compared to one another for realizing a phase and amplitude modulation. An amplitude modulator controlled by an amplitude modulation signal is provided, whereby the amplitude modulator follows an oscillator and is preferably fashioned as a nonlinear amplifier that is operated in saturation. An amplifier attenuating the output signal of the amplitude modulator is provided in the feedback path. The present transmission architecture is suitable for future mobile radio telephone systems having a phase and amplitude modulation and are based on the known GSM standard, for example.

Abstract: The precision microwave/millimeter wave modulated signal source is a relatively low cost, compact, highly accurate and stable signal source covering the 2 to 40 Gigahertz frequency range. The pulse width and amplitude level of the output signal can be changed on every pulse in the signal pulse train. Pulse width range is 5 nanoseconds to 1 millisecond. Pulse repetition intervals can be changed between each pulse set with usable range from 10 nanoseconds to 100 milliseconds. Interval parameters can be adjusted with 1 nanosecond resolutions with stabilities of +/−200 picoseconds. The highly accurate and versatile selection of signal parameters, along with its compact size, makes this design useful as an embedded built in test signal source. This built in signal source can be used for verification of system performance for many electronic warfare systems.

Abstract: A system and a method for medium wide band communications using impulse radio techniques. The method of transmitting medium wide band signals includes the steps of producing a sinusoidal signal and a train of preferably Gaussian shaped pulses. The method also includes the steps of multiplying the sinusoidal signal by the train of pulses to produce a train of sinusoidal bursts, and transmitting the train of sinusoidal bursts. The center frequency of the transmitted signal consisting of the train of sinusoidal bursts can be controlled by selecting an appropriate frequency of the sinusoidal signal. The bandwidth of the transmitted signal can be controlled by selecting an appropriate width of the pulses in the train of pulses. Information and/or coding modulation can be accomplished by adjusting the time position and/or phase of the sinusoidal bursts.

Abstract: When an instruction decoder decodes an instruction code included in packet data, a copy flag and copy number information are provided to a self-synchronous transfer control circuit. In the self-synchronous transfer control circuit, when a data transfer enabling signal is applied from a C element in a subsequent stage, a node number manipulation circuit manipulates a node number to make copies such that packets can be distinguished from each other, and then data is transferred from a pipeline register to a pipeline register in a subsequent stage.

Abstract: A multiplex bus interface enables power and data to be transmitted and received on a two wire bus. Input and output devices operate with transceivers connected to the bus to communicate with each other by placing their data on the bus within specific time slots controlled by a controller, a clock module which broadcasts data to all connected transceivers. A pulsed power waveform provides power to the transceivers and data through pulse width modulation of the pulsed waveform. Data from the transceivers is transmitted during a time slot between power pulses. Data integrity is checked by the initiating input transceiver. Errors are reported at the end of a broadcast cycle. Output transceivers use the data as appropriate for the device and condition being monitored or controlled.

Abstract: The back end position of a pulse, which is transmitted from a remote control, varies according to the transmission distance, and the pulse width changes. A remote control receiver of the present invention detects the pulse width of a header, which is formed at the head of each frame in a remote control signal from the remote control, so as to detect the transmission distance of the remote control signal and a change in back end position of each pulse in a data part, which is transmitted after the header. Then, the back end position of each pulse is corrected to original. This eliminates the change in pulse width resulting from a change in transmission distance, and increases the allowable range of the transmission distance of the remote control.

Abstract: In a method for transmission and reception over N transmission channels, the transmitting side performs orthonormal transform processing of N-channel modulated signals so that the resulting transformed output signals have lower cross-correlation, and the transformed N-channel signals are multiplexed and transmitted over the N-channels. At the receiving side, the N-channel received signals are subjected to inverse orthonormal transform processing to obtain N-channel modulated signals, which are demodulated to obtain a digital signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a power level of a transmitted signal sent from a second station to a first station in a communication system maintains a desired power level of a signal received at the first station. The first station sends a power control command to the second station directing the second station to either increase or decrease the power level of the transmitted signal. The first station generates the power control command based on the power level of the received signal, the desired power level, and at least one pending power control command. Pending power control commands include those power control commands that are propagating between the first station and the second station.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of reception of signals from at least two transmitters (RCi), wherein for each transmitter the data ("0", "1") are represented by the time interval (T0i, T1i) between two consecutive pulses transmitted by this transmitter, said time intervals and the pulse widths (Tpi) being characteristic of each transmitter, and wherein said method includes the following steps: reception of a resultant signal that is the sum of the signals from by said transmitters; determination of the parameters of said resultant signal, these parameters including the width and spacing of the pulses; analysis of said parameters and assignment of a data item to one of said transmitters. The invention also concerns a receiver device, a remote controller, and a system of reception. The invention is applicable notably in the field of television and video.

Abstract: Disclosed is a programmable sound generator for generating digital outputs of tone and noise signals used for producing computer sound effects. The programmable sound generator includes at least two channels generating digital output serving as either tone signal or noise signal. A mixer is used to process the outputs of the channels in a digital, time-sharing manner. A volume controller coupled to the mixer is used to control the volume of the sound in a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) manner. Also, the volume controller allows its output to become floating when the programmable sound generator is not in use so as to allow another sound generating means to share the same sound transducing means. In the programmable sound generator, the tone generation and the noise generation share the same hardware, which allows low-cost production of the programmable sound generator.

Abstract: Chiral and dual polarization techniques for an ultra-wide band communication system provide an ultra-wide band signal having signal components in two dimensions. The polarization techniques utilize two signal paths to excite a pair of linear, orthogonal antennas. The pulses transmitted along one signal path are delayed with respect to the pulses transmitted along the second signal path such that one antenna is excited with a pulse that is out of phase with respect to the pulse that is exciting the other antenna. With chiral polarization, one signal is delayed in time by an amount such that it reaches a maximum when the other signal is at an adjacent minimum. With dual polarization, one signal is delayed by more than a pulse width. Because the signal is split and transmitted using two orthogonal, linear antennas, the transmitted signal has an electric field component in two dimensions.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a data transmission system, wherein even when more than two among a plurality of stations interconnected by one common transmission line try to communicate mutually by a start-stop transmission PWM mode, if the phases within a bit in the data of the own station and a corresponding bit of the data on the transmission line which has been received through a plurality of own station are compared and they coincide with each other as the result thereof, then the own station continues transmitting the data, while otherwise it comes to stop transmitting, whereby even if there is a difference between the clock frequency of the own station and that of another station, the phases in the corresponding bits of the two different data can be smoothly compared.