Abstract: In a time division duplex (TDD) system, compensation measurements are made for the transmission circuitry during the receive portion of the TDD cycle and compensation measurements are made for the receive circuitry during the transmit portion of the TDD cycle. A base station has multiple antennas for spatial, as well as spectral, spreading and despreading of discrete multitone spread spectrum (DMT-SS) communications. Each antenna has its own transmission path components and receive path components. The transmit amplifier, for example, in the transmit path and the receive amplifier, for example, in the receive path tend to drift in their characteristics over time. The invention manages the sequential testing of each respective transmission path and receive path for each antenna. The invention measures the drift of the transmit path components and the receive path components and prepares compensating weights to be applied to signals processed in each path.

Abstract: A digital signal transmission system is provided which minimizes the AM signal envelope distortion caused by multiple digitally modulated carriers in the same band as the AM signal. The system transmits an amplitude modulated signal. Digital carriers for the digital signal are placed both above and below the frequency of the analog AM carrier. Certain digital carriers that are above the frequency of the analog AM carrier have an associated digital carrier that is at an equal frequency offset below the analog AM carrier. The data and modulation placed on the upper digital carrier and its counterpart are such that the signal resulting from their addition has no component that is in-phase with the analog AM carrier. The signal envelope is predistorted to counteract the distortion added by the digital carriers.

Abstract: In a discrete tone system, a base station receives a transmission burst from a remote unit being installed that includes delay compensation pilot tones that are uniformly spread throughout the transmission bandwidth. The arrival time transmission burst is not synchronized with the other remote units transmitting to the base station. The base station measures the phase delay of each tone and calculates the delay of the remote unit from the slope of the line of phase angle versus tone frequency. The base station transmits a signal to the remote unit that includes the magnitude and direction of the delay, which allows the remote unit to adapt the timing of its transmission to be synchronized with the other remote units.

Abstract: A method and simultaneous voice/data transmission of signals through a single communications channel wherein the transmitted voice and data signal quality is greatly enhanced over current practice. A time-varying stream of coded voice and data signals is simultaneously transmitted and the sequence of transmitted data signals is determined only after receiving data signals for a predetermined period of time. The received signals are buffered and a received coded data signal sequence is compared to a predetermined plurality of permissible coded data signal sequences to correlate the received coded data signal sequence with the particular permissible coded signal sequence with which the data signal was coded prior to transmission. The correlated data signal sequence is then separated from the combined voice and data signal to recover the coded voice signal.

Abstract: A transmission system includes a transmitter and a receiver and transmits a data signal with an analog passband signal through an analog transmission line. The data signal is transformed to a signal representing a descrete data signal point in a vector signal space. The transmitter includes a data signal point generation unit and a vector signal superimposing unit. The analog passband signal is transformed to a base band signal, and the base band signal is superimposed on the signal representing a descrete data signal point. A signal representing the superimposed data signal point is modulated and transmitted through the analog transmission line. The receiver includes a demodulator unit and a decision unit, wherein the data signal point is decided from the signal representing the superimposed data signal point, and the superimposed base band signal is extracted in a subtracter unit by subtracting the decided result from the signal representing the superimposed data signal point.

Abstract: An efficient method and apparatus for determining, recording, and analyzing the phase history of a Line-in signal. The Line-in signal is coupled to a conventional demodulator. I and Q components are output by the conventional demodulator and coupled to an IQ quantizer. The IQ quantizer determines a quadrant on an I/Q plot from the amplitude of each component. A histogram is generated which indicates in which quadrant the Line-in signal was for a first sample, and in which quadrant the Line-in signal was for a second sample, the second sample having been taken immediately after the first sample. From this histogram, the number of times the Line-in signal transitions from one quadrant to another over a predetermined period of time is known.

Abstract: A Viterbi decoder decodes a received signal having Ich and Qch components obtained by modulating a convolutional coded multi-valued QAM signal. The Viterbi decoder includes a first unit which inputs the received signal having the Ich and Qch components, a second unit which finds Euclidean distance between a predetermined signal point, which is one of a plurality of predetermined signal points allocated on a plane formed of Ich and Qch axes orthogonally crossed, and a signal point of the received signal, and a third unit which performs a Viterbi decoding based on the Euclidean distance obtained by the second unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for concurrent communication of analog information and digital information. In general terms, when the communication channel is viewed as a multi-dimensional space, the digital information signal is divided into symbols, and the symbols are mapped onto the signal space with a preset distance between them. The analog signal, generally limited in magnitude to less than the distance separating the symbols, is converted to component signals and added (i.e., vector addition) to the symbols. The sum signal is then transmitted to the receiver where the symbols are detected and subtracted from the received signal to yield the analog signal components. The transmitted analog signal is recreated from those components. Both half-duplex and full-duplex operation is available in accordance with the disclosure.

Abstract: A hierarchical quadrature frequency multiplex signal transmission apparatus that produces a plurality of modulated signals in which multiple layers of hierarchical information data are associated with a plurality of hierarchically graded modulation forms. The apparatus also interleaves symbols within a frame of the hierarchical information data in both a time axis and a frequency axis. In addition, the apparatus may differentially encode one of the hierarchically graded modulation forms. Further, the apparatus performs an inverse Fourier transform on the symbols, by associating each of the plurality of hierarchically graded modulation forms with a corresponding predetermined carrier. Also disclosed is an apparatus for receiving the hierarchical quadrature frequency multiplex signal and the format of the hierarchical quadrature frequency multiplex signal.

Abstract: Frame synchronization for data transmitted using quadrature amplitude modulation is achieved by providing that one symbol per frame is chosen from a larger signal point constellation than the remaining symbols. Thus, bits are assembled into groups of unequal size to control the mapping between the data and the signal points. Where constellations having a number of points not equal to a power of two, these may be coded in groups; or the data may be converted into a mixed-base number the bases of which correspond to the number of points in the respective constellations.

Abstract: In a communication system that utilizes DMT technology to couple a primary site (102) to a plurality of secondary sites (104-108), the primary site (102) and each of the secondary sites (104-108) includes a DMT transmitter. Such a DMT transmitter includes a discrete multi-tone encoder that receives an ordered data stream and produces an encoded data stream based on bit loading information, and a data formatter operably coupled to the discrete multi-tone encoder, wherein the data formatter receives transmit data entries and produces the ordered data stream based on carrier channel allocation information.

Abstract: Digital signal transmission system operating with constellation coding, the system comprising an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing modulation unit which generates multicarrier signals, and an amplifier which causes signal distortion. The system comprises a predistortion circuit inserted between the multicarrier modulation unit and the amplifier, the circuit predistorting the multicarrier signals received on an input, in opposite sense to distortions created by the amplifier, and generating predistorted multicarrier signals so that, after the predistorted multicarrier signals passing through the amplifier, the amplifier delivers undistorted multicarrier signals. The system may operate in the fixed mode or in the adaptive mode.