Abstract: Methods and apparatus for multiple user uplink are provided. In one aspect, a method for wireless communication includes generating a first wireless message granting permission for a first station to transmit during a transmission opportunity, generating a second wireless message granting permission for a second station to transmit during the transmission opportunity; and transmitting the first wireless message to the first station at least partially concurrently with transmission of the second wireless message to the second station.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed for display dependent analysis of call data in an IBPX. In an example embodiment, an apparatus communicatively coupled to an IPBX server is configured to route VoIP calls in the IPBX. An interface circuit is configured to selected parameters of interest based on display capabilities of a set of devices and generate subscription requests to subscribe the devices to the parameters of interest. A first processing circuit is configured to generate call summary metrics from call event messages for calls routed by the IPBX server. A second processing circuit subscribes a device identified in the subscription request to the selected set of parameters of interest identified in the subscription request. The second processing circuit evaluates call summary metrics for each parameter of interest subscribed to by the devices and provides results of the evaluation to devices that are subscribed to the parameter of interest.

Abstract: A base station enables a mobile station to employ a random access retransmission scheme in a wireless communication network. The mobile station includes a plurality of antennas configured to communicate with the base station. The mobile station also includes a processing circuitry coupled to the plurality of antennas. The processing circuitry is configured to perform a random access during a random access channel (RACH) burst. The processing circuitry also is configured to at least one of: transmit a random access signal with at least one of an initial transmit power level and an initial transmit beamwidth, and, in response to a random access attempt failure, change at least one of a transmit (Tx) power level and a Tx beamwidth and retransmit the random access signal.

Abstract: Techniques are described for determining rates and other parameters for users associated with a multiple access channel (MAC). In at least one embodiment, a rate determination tool having a GUI interface is provided.

Abstract: A multiple independent narrow-channel wireless network and method for transmitting and received data over a wireless network using a fragmented frequency spectrum. The system and method uses a plurality of narrow wireless channels obtained from splitting a wide wireless channel. Each narrow channel performs sending, receiving, and carrier sensing. Moreover, each narrow channel is independent such that data can be sent or received without any interference from other narrow channels and without synchronization. Embodiments of the system and method include a compound radio having a compound receiver and a compound transmitter. The compound transmitter includes an inter-radiolet symbol synchronization module, to permit use of a single inverse fast Fourier transform block, and a dynamically configurable filter array, to mitigate leakage between channels. The compound receiver uses fraction data rate processing to optimize efficiency.

Abstract: First information indicating a length of a cyclic prefix for an inter-terminal apparatus signal transmitted to the other terminal apparatus and second information indicating a length of a cyclic prefix for an uplink signal in the EUTRAN, from a base station apparatus of the EUTRAN are received from a base station apparatus of the EUTRAN.

Abstract: A communication device receives a reception signal including at least a first reception signal and a second reception signal, where the first reception signal is a signal to be transmitted using a first set of subcarriers and the second reception signal is a signal to be transmitted using a second set of subcarriers which overlaps with at least one end of the first set of subcarriers in a time frame. The communication device also demodulates information indicating data included in the first reception signal after reducing the second reception signal transmitted by using one or more overlapping subcarriers of the second set of subcarriers from the reception signal.

Abstract: Embodiments can relate to an apparatus for interference mitigation in a wireless communication. The apparatus can comprise at least one processing element arranged to extract, from a received PDCCH or EPDCCH signal, modulated symbols; the modulated symbols having been modulated using a linear m-ary modulation constellation. The apparatus also comprises a demodulator to demodulate the extracted PDCCH or EPDCCH modulated symbols; the demodulator being operable to demodulate the extracted symbols according to the linear m-ary modulation constellation.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a method for demarcating data bursts includes receiving, via a coax network, a first data burst and a second data burst at a network interface device, wherein the first data burst and the second data burst at least partially overlap in the time domain. In various embodiments, the first data burst includes a start marker, first data elements following the start marker, and an end marker following the first data elements. In various embodiments, the start marker is orthogonal to the end marker. The method further includes distinguishing, at the network interface device, the first data burst from the second data burst based on the start marker and the end marker; and transmitting the first data burst and the second data burst via an optical network such that the first data burst and the second data burst do not overlap in time.

Abstract: A method for enhancing at least one image within a series of images is provided. The method includes: selecting the series of images; upscaling each image within the series of images; selecting a reference image among the series of images; performing image registration to align series of images with the reference image; evaluating the series of aligned images for a subset of pixel locations that exhibit high cross-frame variation; performing learning processing to substantially reduce noise and exclude motion biases at the subset of pixel locations; performing pixel fusion from the series of aligned and processed images to produce the super-resolution reference image. A computer program product and an imaging system are disclosed.

Abstract: A receiver of an optical communications system includes a set of two or more analog-to digital A/D converters, a respective transform block connected to an output of each A/D converter, and a summation block. Each A/D converter samples a respective low-bandwidth analog signal comprising a respective portion of a high-bandwidth data signal. Each transform block calculates a set of spectral components of the respective low-bandwidth analog signal. The summation block combines respective spectral components calculated by each transform block to construct spectral terms of a combined signal having a spectrum corresponding to that of the high-bandwidth data signal.

Abstract: A physical layer low power communication method and apparatus are provided. The physical layer low power communication method may include receiving a data packet from a transmitter, measuring a channel quality using a preamble and signal field information included in the data packet and determining whether recovery of the data packet is possible, calculating an error generation rate according to a determination result, and discarding the data packet and operating in a power save mode when the error generation rate is higher than a predetermined reference.

Abstract: A butterfly channelizer includes at least two stages. Each stage includes at least one dual-channel module configured to convert an input time domain signal into a second time domain signal of lower bandwidth. At least one clock is configured to generate a clock signal that drives the at least two stages. A first stage has a first number of dual-channel modules and a second stage following the first stage has a second number of dual-channel modules greater than the first number.

Abstract: Embodiments of wireless communication devices and methods for device discovery is generally described herein. Some of these embodiments describe an apparatus having processing circuitry arranged to configure a single-tone discovery signal for transmission in a symbol in a transmission opportunity based on an assignment pattern. The assignment pattern may define frequency positions, for a set of transmission opportunities, at which the apparatus shall transmit discovery signals in the corresponding transmission opportunity. The apparatus may have physical layer circuitry arranged to transmit the single-tone discovery signal in the corresponding transmission opportunity. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.

Abstract: With the introduction of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology in to communication channels in a cable network, cable modems that receive data downstream over subcarriers of the OFDM channel are grouped in to modulation tiers based on at least one metric. A profile is generated for each OFDM channel based on the measurements across cable modems and subcarriers related to the OFDM channel, including the metric values used to group the cable modems in to the modulation tiers. Included in an OFDM profile may be a scheme for allocating marginal cable modems in to the plurality of modulation tiers. The methods and systems for generating modulation and coding scheme profiles enable more efficient modulation by network elements.

Abstract: An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system includes a first interface having a first cable coupler to couple to a first end of a coaxial cable, and a first plurality of signal pathways coupled to the first cable coupler. Each signal pathway of the first plurality includes a physical (PHY) layer component and a radio frequency (RF) front end coupled to the PHY layer component. The system further includes a second interface having a second cable coupler to couple to a second end of a coaxial cable, and a second plurality of signal pathways coupled to the second cable coupler. Each signal pathway of the second plurality corresponds to a signal pathway of the first plurality and includes a PHY layer component and an RF front end coupled to the PHY layer component.

Abstract: A method performed by a wireless device includes receiving a first signal that contains one or more modulated symbols and determining a signal strength of the first signal. The method also includes adjusting a remembrance factor based on the signal strength of the first signal and demodulating the one or more modulated symbols based on the first signal and based on a number of previously demodulated symbols. The number of previously demodulated symbols utilized in the demodulation is based on the remembrance factor.

Abstract: A system may include an optical transmitter and an optical receiver. The optical transmitter may generate optical signals associated with sub-carriers, and may provide the optical signals via an optical link. The optical receiver may receive the optical signals via the optical link, and may generate samples based on the optical signals. The samples may be associated with the sub-carriers. The optical receiver may combine the samples to form a time domain sample vector having a particular size, and may generate a frequency domain sample vector, having the particular size, based on the time domain sample vector. The optical receiver may demultiplex the frequency domain sample vector to generate domain sample vectors corresponding to the sub-carriers. The optical receiver may process the frequency domain sample vectors to generate equalized frequency domain sample vectors, and may output the equalized frequency domain sample vectors.

Abstract: A wireless communication terminal including a transceiver coupled to a processor and corresponding methods are disclosed. The processor is configured to determine resource elements that carry data intended for the terminal from a set of allocated resource elements that carry data intended for the terminal excluding at least resource elements associated with a first set of one or more resource elements of a particular type that are shifted relative to a known reference signal pattern. The processor is also configured to decode the resource elements that carry the data intended for the terminal based on the resource elements that carry the data intended for the terminal.

Abstract: With the current initialization procedures defined in the VDSL and ADSL standards, even though the xDSL system could operate in Showtime in an impulse noise environment where symbols are being corrupted, the transceivers would not be able to reach Showtime because initialization would fail due to initialization message failure. Through the use of an improved initialization procedure for communication systems, operation in environments with higher levels of impulse noise is possible.

Abstract: A filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC) receiver implementing a synchronization in the frequency domain. The receiver includes a synchronization module including an error estimator on the sampling instants and, for each subcarrier, an interpolating filter for reconstructing the samples at the accurate sampling instants. A phase-shifter is provided, for each subcarrier, at the output of the interpolating filter, to make a phase compensation. The phase-shifter can be followed by an equalizer in the frequency domain.

Abstract: A blind spectrum sensing method and device based on fast Fourier transform. The method comprises: the spectrum sensing device receives a signal on an authorized spectrum band, calculates an autocorrelation coefficient of the received signal after sampling and filtering same, then performs a fast Fourier transform of the autocorrelation coefficient, acquires the modulus of the transform result, constructs determination variables on the basis of the modulus, and determine whether or not a signal of an authorized user is present. The method and device have the advantages of low calculation complexity, obviated need for authorization information characteristic, and insensitivity towards noise uncertainty, and are of great performance.

Abstract: A technique for spectral widening in a communication system may divide respective symbols of a block of symbols into symbol pieces of shorter duration than a symbol. The symbol pieces may be scrambled. The resulting scrambled symbol pieces may optionally be further spread using direct-sequence spreading prior to transmission. Error-control coding may also be used prior to dividing the symbols into symbol pieces and scrambling the symbol pieces. Additionally, the number of symbol pieces per symbol may be adjustable, based on channel characteristics, performance, or both.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for wireless communication. An access point (AP) may determine a single user bias for a wireless device based on a feedback signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and an SNR based on a modulation and coding scheme (MCS). The AP may also determine a multi-user SNR for the wireless device based on the feedback SNR, the single user bias, a multi user loss, and a group bias. The AP may then select an updated MCS based on the multi-user SNR. In some cases, the AP may transmit a reference signal to the wireless device and receive a compressed beamforming feedback report from the wireless device based on the reference signal. The feedback SNR may be based on the compressed beamforming feedback report. The AP may also maintain a blacklist of groups with channel correlation that satisfies a threshold, and refrain from scheduling those groups together.

Abstract: Example systems, methods, and devices for reusing one or more architectural building blocks of IEEE 802.11 n/ac/ah network, and allocating one or more Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) tones such that the one or more OFDMA allocations have fixed locations which do not straddle DC are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for enabling interference coordination in a communication network. A base station includes a plurality of antenna ports. Each antenna port is configured to transmit a reference signal, and each antenna port is associated with a respective cell. The base station determines a set of cells where transmissions of reference signals is to be performed from a reduced set of the plurality of antenna ports. The base station determines a subset of antenna ports in at least one cell of the determined set of cells to enable interference coordination in the network, and transmits the reference signal from the subset of antenna ports.

Abstract: A method for controlling a combined waveform, representing a combination of at least two signals having orthogonal frequency multiplexed signal components, comprising: receiving information defining the at least two signals; transforming the information defining each signal to a representation having orthogonal frequency multiplexed signal components, such that at least one signal has at least two alternate representations of the same information, and combining the transformed information using the at least two alternate representations, in at least two different ways, to define respectively different combinations; analyzing the respectively different combinations with respect to at least one criterion; and outputting a respective combined waveform or information defining the waveform, representing a selected combination of the transformed information from each of the at least two signals selected based on the analysis.

Abstract: A technique for spectral widening in a communication system may divide respective symbols of a block of symbols into symbol pieces of shorter duration than a symbol. The symbol pieces may be scrambled. The resulting scrambled symbol pieces may optionally be further spread using direct-sequence spreading prior to transmission. Error-control coding may also be used prior to dividing the symbols into symbol pieces and scrambling the symbol pieces. Additionally, the number of symbol pieces per symbol may be adjustable, based on channel characteristics, performance, or both.

Abstract: A radar system includes a controller equipped with memory for storing data. The controller is configured to receive a time-domain signal representative of a reflected signal detected by an antenna, and transform the time-domain signal into a plurality of range datasets. Each range dataset corresponds to one of the plurality of chirps, each range dataset is represented by a series of values assigned to a plurality of range bins, and each of the values includes a sign bit. The controller is also configured to compress the plurality of range datasets by storing in the memory a portion of each of the values assigned to at least one of the plurality of range bins, wherein the portion is defined to exclude a first number of redundant sign bits of each value. The controller may further compress the portion by retaining a second number of bits of the data by excluding some of the least significant bits of each value.

Abstract: The present invention is applicable to the communications field and provides a processing method for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal and a network device. The processing method includes: obtaining an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM signal; multiplying, in a digital domain, the obtained OFDM signal by a simple harmonic wave whose frequency is fs to obtain a frequency shifted signal; and outputting and loading the frequency shifted signal by using a digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) to a driver and a modulator to send the frequency shifted OFDM signal.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus includes a first electrical signal generator configured to generate a first electrical signal, a second electrical signal generator configured to generate a second electrical signal based on a voltage signal output from a variable impedance unit, and a multiplexer configured to selectively supply the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal to the variable impedance unit.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a receiver, a combiner, and a transformer. The receiver receives signals mapped on plural frequency bands. A size of at least one of the frequency bands is a multiple of a product of two or more powers of prime numbers, which are integer numbers greater than 1 and are different from each other. An exponent for at least one of the prime numbers is an integer greater than 1. The combiner combines the received signals into a combined signal. The transformer transforms the combined signal in a frequency domain into a symbol sequence in a time domain with an inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) having a size that is a product of powers of plural values. The values are integer numbers greater than 1 and are different from each other. An exponent for at least one of the values is an integer greater than 1.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for optimizing the system capacity of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system that uses with Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas. In a receiver, a target quality of service (QoS) metric and reference data rate are set. The target QoS metric may be set to a predetermined value and/or may be adjusted dynamically with respect to packet error rate (PER) by a slow outer-loop control processor. The QoS of received signals are compared to the target QoS. Depending on the comparison, the receiver generates a channel quality indicator (CQI) which is sent to the transmitter. The CQI is a one or two bit indicator which indicates to the transmitter to disable, adjust or maintain data transmission rates of particular sub-carriers, groups of sub-carriers per transmit antenna, or groups of sub-carriers across all transmit antennas. At the transmitter, the transmitted data rate is disabled, adjusted or maintained.

Abstract: Channel estimation is essential in a receiver for many communication systems. In OFDM systems the channel estimation is often performed in frequency domain. Typically an FFT is used to convert a time domain signal into frequency domain signal. The sample position at which the first sample for the FFT is selected depends on the estimated timing position of the OFDM symbol boundary. Any error in the timing position estimate for the OFDM symbol boundary causes linear phase distortion in frequency domain. The linear phase distortion in frequency domain degrades the quality of channel estimation which may be performed in frequency domain. A method and apparatus are disclosed that estimate the FFT window position errors and compensate for the FFT window position error for improved channel estimation.

Abstract: A multiplying analog to digital converter (ADC) including a successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog to digital converter (ADC) having a sample input and a feedback input and an ADC output configured with a feedback path configured to couple the ADC output to a digital to analog converter. A feedback attenuator is disposed in the feedback path, the feedback attenuator being configured to attenuate a feedback signal coupled to the feedback input, the feedback attenuator being configured to provide analog multiplication observed at the ADC output. A barrel shifter is configured to provide digital multiplication of the ADC output. The feedback attenuator may be configured as a divider network. The feedback attenuator may be configured to provide attenuation using only passive components. The feedback attenuator may be configured as a capacitive divider network. The feedback attenuator may be configured to provide attenuation ranging between 1 and 0.5.

Abstract: A circuit that cancels a self-interference signal includes, in part, a pair of signal paths that are substantially in phase, each of which paths includes a passive coupler, a delay element and a variable attenuator. The circuit further includes, in part, a first group of P signal paths each of which is substantially in phase with the pair of paths, a second group of M signal paths each of which is substantially out-of-phase relative to the pair of signal paths, and at least a pair of feedback paths. Each of the P and M signal paths, as well as the feedback paths includes a delay element and a variable attenuator. Optionally, each of the M signal paths is optionally 180° out-of-phase relative to the pair of signal paths.

Abstract: Where first and second reference signals for a first and second communication system, respectively, are transmitted, resources that affect a reception apparatus compatible only with the first communication system can be minimized, and the throughput can be prevented from being deteriorated. As resources for a reference signal CSI-RS for LTE-A, last half symbols in a time direction of a resource unit RB/Sub-frame defined in a frequency-time domain are used, and the CSI-RS is allocated in a position up to the last two symbols or in the last symbol, or the like, of a particular RB/Sub-frame and transmitted when a reference signal 4RS for LTE is transmitted to a reception apparatus in addition to transmitting CSI-RS for LTE-A. The reception apparatus receives CSI-RS allocated in the last half symbol of RB/Sub-frame based on CSI-RS allocation information, measures channel quality by using this CSI-RS, and transmits and reports feedback information.

Abstract: Devices and methods for reducing or substantially eliminating I/Q mismatch and/or LO leakage in I/Q transceivers are provided. By way of example, an electronic device includes a transceiver configured to receive an in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) signal, and to generate an electromagnetic signal based on the I/Q signal. However, the electromagnetic signal may also include a distortion. Accordingly, the transceiver is also configured to receive a feedback signal based on the electromagnetic signal, measure an energy of the distortion by way of the feedback signal, and to generate one or more correction factors based at least in part on the energy of the distortion. The one or more correction factors may be utilized to reduce or substantially eliminate the distortion of the electromagnetic signal.

Abstract: A method of encoding a set of L bits for transmission on a transmission band through a transmission medium is provided, wherein L is a positive integer that is greater than 1. The method includes: mapping, via a mapping component, the L bits into M symbols; dividing, via a first dividing component, the transmission band into sub-bands; allocating, via an allocating component, the M symbols to individual sub-bands, respectively, for transmission at a first time; and allocating, via the allocating component, the M symbols to different individual sub-bands, respectively, for transmission at a second time.

Abstract: The present document discloses an apparatus for receiving Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) in Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, comprising: blocks of system FFT performing system FFT on data from a plurality of antennas, blocks of PUCCH RB processing units receiving the allocated logic resource index table and the local base sequence and output of the blocks of system FFT, and generating DMRS despread outputs and data values; a block of SR detection for receiving the data values and the DMRS despread outputs, and for generating SR detection results; blocks of user data extraction receiving data values and DMRS despread outputs, and performing user data extraction; blocks of PUCCH user processing units receiving an orthogonal sequence index, the data values and an output from blocks of user extraction, and generating a ACK/NAK/CQI signal for a concerned UE.

Abstract: An example method of mapping a set of reference signal samples to subcarriers is disclosed. First and second subsets of samples having contiguous index values are determined. The second subset of samples are mapped to a first subset of subcarriers, such that a first sample of the second subset of samples having a lowest index value of the second subset of samples is mapped to a first subcarrier at a first end of a bandwidth. The first subset of samples are mapped to a second subset of subcarriers of the bandwidth, such that a last sample of the first subset of samples having a highest index value of the first subset of samples is mapped to a last subcarrier at an opposite second end of the bandwidth. A complementary method of demapping subcarriers is also disclosed.

Abstract: OFDM signal communication methods and apparatus are described. In accordance with the invention OFDM signals are generated in the time domain with symbols being mapped to specific points in time. Training symbols may be included in the transmitted OFDM signal to facilitate symbol recovery. An exemplary receiver of the invention receives the OFDM signal from the communications channel, converts it into the frequency domain, and then filters it in the frequency domain to eliminate tones corresponding to other users. The filtered signal free of MAC interference is then converted into the time domain where channel estimation and compensation operations are performed. After channel compensation symbol recovery is performed in the time domain.

Abstract: A method for generating a filter bank for receiving a signal modulated by continuous phase modulation, the modulated signal being able to be broken down as a sum of a plurality of amplitude-modulated signals, each amplitude-modulated signal being expressed by a product between a complex pseudo-symbol and a temporal component with a waveform predefined according to the parameters of the modulation, includes: evaluating, over a duration (T) that is equal to the duration of a symbol, all waveforms of the signal from the parameters of the continuous phase modulation and the breakdown in the form of a sum of a plurality of amplitude-modulated signals, retaining all evaluated waveforms that are different from one another, constructing a filter bank made up of a plurality of filters whose temporal responses are equal to the retained waveforms, which are limited to a duration equal to the duration of a symbol.

Abstract: In methods of operating a relay station in a multi-hop wireless relay network, the relay station in communication with a superordinate station and a subordinate station, a downlink transmission to/from the superordinate station is transmitted/received at a first frequency. An uplink transmission to/from the subordinate station is transmitted/received at a second frequency. Communications between the relay station and the superordinate station may be scheduled using frames, each frame including a downlink portion at the first frequency, and an uplink portion at the second frequency. The downlink portion includes first and second downlink subframes for communication between the superordinate station and first and second pluralities of stations, respectively. The uplink portion includes first and second uplink subframes for communication between the superordinate station and the first and second pluralities of stations, respectively.

Abstract: To measure the channel quality of the own cell accurately in a condition where there is no interference from a neighbor cell. A wireless communication terminal according to the invention is a wireless communication terminal to be connected to a base station for transmitting and receiving data to/from the base station, the wireless communication terminal including: a receiver that receives a signal which includes control information provided for measuring a channel quality of own cell from the base station; an extractor that extracts the control information from the signal received by the receiver; a measurement section that measures, on the basis of the control information, the channel quality of the own cell in a domain where a neighbor cell does not transmit a signal; and a transmitter that transmits a measurement result of the channel quality of the own cell measured by the measurement section, to the base station.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for pre-cancelling signal interference in Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM). Signal interference is pre-cancelled, at a transmitter, so that clean pilots are observed at a receiver and hence used for channel estimation. Using a Pilot-Interference Cancellation (Pilot-IC) method, interference is pre-cancelled at only pilot symbols. Alternatively, interference is simultaneously pre-cancelled at all symbols using a Transmitter IC (Tx-IC) method. The embodiments also include scattering the pilots over frequency and time resources to estimate channels which are frequency selective and time-variant. The channel estimates at the receiver are then used for single-tap channel equalization at time-frequency grid data points, where no assumption of time-invariant channels is required.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, among other things, are methods and apparatus for binaural enhancement of tone language for hearing assistance devices. One aspect of the present subject matter includes a method for enhancing pitch in a hearing assistance system having a first and second hearing assistance device. A signal is received using a microphone of the first hearing assistance device. Pitch detection is performed on the signal to obtain a pitch value. The pitch value is wirelessly transmitted from the first hearing assistance device to the second hearing assistance device. In various embodiments, the pitch value of the first hearing assistance device is combined with a pitch value of the second hearing assistance device. The gain is adjusted based on the combined pitch value, in various embodiments.

Abstract: A cyclic prefix which duplicates some samples of a terminal portion of a symbol in an OFDM data stream and which is invariant in pilot tones can be detected in the presence of signals having higher levels of noise and broadcast signals by autocorrelation with one of two selected “lags”. Autocorrelation will be found when the lag is equal to the number of samples in the FFT used to form a symbol in the data stream. A far stronger autocorrelation is found when the lag is equal to the sum of the FFT length and the length of the cyclic prefix and applied to pilots in the data stream. Overbuilt systems can be distinguished from a system of interest by use of pilots that do not coincide in frequency with a pilot of an overbuilt system.

Abstract: Estimation of a state-of-health (SOH) in a battery are disclosed. An example technique includes determining if a terminal voltage of the chemical battery differs from a calculated terminal voltage. In response to determining that the terminal voltage of the chemical battery differs from the calculated terminal voltage, calculating a range of voltages by taking the convolution of a terminal current of the chemical battery with a range of impulse responses from a look up table of impulse responses corresponding to different SOH. The technique further includes comparing the terminal voltage of the chemical battery with the range of calculated voltages to determine a second impulse response that corresponds to the case where the terminal voltage matches the calculated voltage. The look up table of impulse responses corresponding to different SOHs is then used to determine the SOH of the chemical battery from the second impulse response.

Abstract: A method for performing a random access procedure by a Node-B with a specific user equipment (UE) within a cell in which a plurality of UEs are located together. System information is transmitted for at least one of a basic sequence index and a length of a zero correlation zone (ZCZ) to the specific UE. A preamble sequence is received from the specific UE over a random access channel. The preamble sequence is generated from Constant Amplitude Zero Auto-Correlation (CAZAC) sequences distinguishable by at least one of the basic sequence index and a length of a Cyclic Shift (CS) applied to the preamble sequence. The length of the CS applied to the preamble sequence is given by one among a plurality of application lengths determined based on the length of the ZCZ. A number of the plurality of lengths are differently given based on a type of the specific UE.