Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for allocating shared control channel resources. The control channel elements (CCEs) are allocated in units referred to as CCE sets. Each CCE set includes one or more control channel elements. Early commitment of control channel elements in a CCE set to a specific scheduling entity is avoided in situations where two or more candidate sets are available for the scheduling entity. In this case, the CCEs belonging to the candidate sets are designated as an alternate resource for a first scheduling entity. A CCE designated as an alternate may be allocated to another scheduling entity as long as such allocation does not block the first scheduling entity.

Abstract: A method and apparatus supporting multiple carriers is provided. A user equipment receives a self-control format indicator (CFI) indicating a size of a control region of a first carrier by using the first carrier. The user equipment receives downlink control information (DCI) comprising a cross-CFI indicating a size of a control region of a second carrier over a first downlink control channel in the control region of the first carrier. The user equipment monitors a second downlink control channel in the control region of the second carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a communication network node for enabling auto-tuning of preamble sequences used during random access procedures when user equipments (18) are accessing a communication network system comprising radio base stations (15) each serving at least one cell (19) and with which said user equipments (18) are communicating on uplink (13) and downlink (12) channels. An initial set of RACH preamble sequences in one cell of a radio base station (15) and statistics on RACH usage and information on identified RACH preamble sequences potentially conflicting between neighbors of said radio base station (15) is collected. The collected statistics is used for optimizing said set of RACH preamble sequences, whereby the initial set of RACH preamble sequences is replaced with the optimized set of RACH preamble sequences.

Abstract: An ASN encoder of a mobile station apparatus generates transmission and reception capability information including information relating to one or a plurality of component carriers to be used for communication with a base station apparatus. A transmission and reception apparatus transmits the transmission and reception capability information to the base station apparatus. A controller controls the communication with the base station apparatus, using the one or the plurality of component carriers assigned by the base station apparatus based on the transmission and reception capability information.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of receiving data in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes detecting a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) on which control information is transmitted in a first subframe, and receiving data in at least one second subframe based on the control information.

Abstract: A transmission method and apparatus that combines the benefits of DFT precoding and transmit diversity coding for PUCCH transmission. In one aspect, the invention provides an improved transmit diversity coding method and apparatus for DFTS-OFDM PUCCH with minimal impact on multiplexing capacity. In one embodiment, the improved transmit diversity method and apparatus has the feature of employing frequency-domain separation for the payload signals.

Abstract: Even when respective transmitters use different transmission schemes, signals of the respective transmitters are separated. A receiver that is applied to a multiuser MIMO system in which a plurality of transmitters performs transmission to at least one receiver, includes a MIMO separation part 40 that receives signals transmitted in different transmission schemes at the same time and at the same frequency and separates the received signals for each transmitter, a switching part 41 that switches output destinations according to the transmission scheme of the separated signal, and a single-carrier processing part 42 and a multi-carrier processing part 43 provided for each transmission scheme for processing a signal output from the switching part 41 according to its transmission scheme.

Abstract: A mobile station is configured to send a base station a buffer status report explicitly indicating that the amount of a transmission signal in a buffer of the mobile station has become zero. This configuration makes it possible to efficiently allocate radio resources of an uplink shared channel and thereby to increase uplink capacity.

Abstract: A storage unit stores a preamble signal defined in a legacy system and a preamble signal defined in a MIMO system. A monitoring unit in a transmitting apparatus monitors the existence of any communication apparatus which is not compatible with the MIMO system but accepts the legacy system. A channel characteristics acquiring unit derives the characteristics of a radio channel between the transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus. A selector selects a packet format based on a monitoring result obtained by the monitoring unit. The selector also selects where to place LTS, based on the characteristics of wireless channel derived by the channel characteristics acquiring unit.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for frequency domain peak power reduction on a plurality of orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing (OFDM) signals in a communications system, wherein frequency domain processing of at least one OFDM signal carrier is iteratively performed to reduce peak power transmissions. OFDM signal carriers can include both in-band sub-carrier signals, and guard-band sub-carrier signals. Each iteration of peak power reduction takes as an input the frequency domain representation of the signal from the previous iteration that has been altered with respect to an error signal also represented in the frequency domain, determines an error signal (in the frequency domain), and subtracts this from the input to produce a further peak power reduced frequency domain signal. If there are no peaks above the configured peak power reduction threshold, then the signal passes through the FPPR iterations with no change.

Abstract: In general, according to an embodiment, a wireless transmitter includes a plurality of coding and modulation modules to apply corresponding coding and modulation algorithms to input information blocks. A discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoder applies DFT processing to outputs of the coding and modulation modules, and an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module receives a DFT output of the DFT precoder, which is mapped to different subcarriers according to the resource allocation indicated by the base station, and applies IFFT processing to the DFT output. An output processing stage produces output signals based on the output of the IFFT module to transmit wirelessly to a wireless receiver. In a different implementation, the outputs of the coding and modulation modules can be provided to an IFFT module to produce IFFT-processed output information.

Abstract: Techniques for transmitting power decision pilots are described. A transmitter (e.g., a base station or a UE) may transmit a power decision pilot to indicate a transmit power level that it will use on subsequent time-frequency resources. In one design, the transmitter may determine a set of time-frequency resources to use for transmitting the power decision pilot, determine the transmit power level for the power decision pilot based on the transmit power level to use for data transmission, and transmit the power decision pilot on the set of time-frequency resources to indicate the transmit power level to use for data transmission on the subsequent time-frequency resources. A receiver (e.g., a UE or a base station) may receive power decision pilots from a set of transmitters and may estimate channel quality that the receiver can expect on the subsequent time-frequency resources based on the power decision pilots.

Abstract: In an embodiment method, a central controller of a wireless system selects a common reference signal (“CRS”) pattern for muting on a first type of control channel by the central controller, wherein the first type of control channel is formed with resource elements (“REs”). The central controller identifies, for a set of user equipments (“UEs”) in a serving area of the central controller, a set of subframes including the first type of control channel, wherein the set of subframes has REs that overlap the CRS pattern for muting. The central controller mutes the overlapping REs in the first type of control channel, and frequency-division multiplexes the first type of control channel with data channels. The central controller transmits, to the set of UEs, the first type of control channel with the muted REs on the identified set of subframes.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described herein for transmitting uplink SC-FDMA symbols. When an extended cyclic prefix is used, the symbols are divided into pairs, and the first symbol and a function of the second symbol in each pair is transmitted via a first antenna and the second symbol and a function of the first symbol in each pair is transmitted via a second symbol. When an unpaired symbol remains, the unpaired symbol is divided into halves, and a first function of the halves is transmitted on the first antenna and a second function of the halves is transmitted on the second antenna.

Abstract: A method of allocating communication resources for a communication between a transmitter and a receiver in a communication system, the communication resources being divided in time periods and frequency sub-bands. The transmitter receives a channel quality measurement sent by the receiver. The transmitter performs allocation of a first part of the communication resources to the receiver according to the channel quality measurement if allocation of the first part is selected, or allocation of a second part of the communication resources to the receiver if allocation of the first part is not selected. The transmitter informs the receiver of allocated communication resources, and the allocated communication resources being designated for frequency localized channels or for frequency distributed channels.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described for the transmission of Scheduling Assignments (SAs) from a base station to User Equipments (UEs) for data reception in the downlink or data transmission in the uplink of a communication system consisting of multiple Component Carriers (CCs). The SAs are separately coded and transmitted using elementary units (Control Channel Elements or CCEs). Locations of CCEs determine whether an SA is intended for a first CC or for a second CC. Further, the location of CCEs for an SA intended for a first CC is used to determine locations of CCEs for an SA intended for a second CC.

Abstract: Provided is a method of efficiently transmitting an acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) bit supporting hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) in a wireless communication system supporting multi-user multi-input and multi-output (MIMO). The method transmits the same downlink code and in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) multiplexed ACK/NACK bit to two mobile stations using the same uplink resource block. Accordingly, the method can efficiently transmit the ACK/NACK bit for multi-user MIMO and efficiently use downlink radio resources.

Abstract: A method for allocating frequency resources by a Base Station (BS) in a frequency overlay system is provided. The method includes grouping at least one Mobile Station (MS) capable of using the same Frequency Allocation (FA), according to zones, multicasting zone information indicating a frequency resource available for each zone to at least one MS belonging to a corresponding zone, unicasting resource allocation information indicating an allocated frequency resource to at least one MS to which the frequency resource is allocated, among the grouped MSs, and communicating with the at least one MS using the allocated frequency resource indicated by the resource allocation information, within the frequency resource indicated by the zone information.

Abstract: A wireless communications system is described, which comprises a plurality of base stations and a plurality of subscriber devices.

Abstract: A method for varying pilot sub-carrier density in OFDMA communications is described. The method comprises calculating channel quality from sub-carriers; determining whether the channel quality is outside a threshold range; selecting a different pilot sub-carrier density for a sub-zone based on the value of the channel quality when the channel quality is outside the threshold range; and setting the sub-zone to the different pilot sub-carrier density. A system for using sub-zones with different pilot sub-carrier densities in OFDMA communications is also described.

Abstract: A method for exchanging, between a mobile terminal and a base station, system information via a broadcast control channel (BCCH), which is a logical channel between a radio link control (RLC) layer and a medium access control (MAC) layer, and a broadcast channel (BCH) and a downlink shared channel (DL_SCH), which are transport channels between the MAC layer and a physical layer. The method includes: receiving a block of first system information from the base station via the BCH; and receiving a plurality of blocks of second system information from the base station via the DL_SCH configured to carry system information and other data, one of the plurality of blocks of second system information including scheduling information.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for transmitting feedback information of an asymmetric frequency band in a wireless communication system supporting multiple bands are provided. The feedback information transmission method includes, when at least two frequency bands used by a mobile station includes at least one asymmetric frequency band, confirming feedback channel information for the asymmetric frequency band based on system channel information of the asymmetric frequency band, and transmitting feedback information for the asymmetric frequency band over the confirmed feedback channel. The feedback channel information includes feedback channel information for the asymmetric frequency band allocated to a symmetric frequency band.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of generating codebook in a wireless communication system with multiple antenna arrays, as well as a wireless communication system, base station and terminal using the codebook for communication. The method comprises steps of: providing a basic codebook which contains multiple pre-coding matrices; and assigning phase offsets to certain pre-coding matrices in the basic codebook to form a codebook with phase offset. The feedback overhead from a client to a base station side is reduced and a good precision of feedback for multi-antenna array is kept by applying the method of generating codebook and using the generated codebook in the wireless communication system, base station and terminal.

Abstract: The present application provides methods, devices and transmitters that mitigate increases in peak to average power ratio (PAPR) from transmission diversity in a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) modulated uplink. A PAPR preserving precode matrix hopping method that utilizes cyclic shift delays is provided, as well as a sub-band based transmit diversity scheme. The present application also provides methods, devices and transmitters that relax the scheduling restrictions associated with uplink scheduling in the LTE standard.

Abstract: A terminal and a communication method thereof whereby, even in a case of employing the asymmetric carrier aggregation system and further employing the MIMO transmission method for upstream channels, the error characteristic of control information can be prevented from being degraded. In the terminal (200), a transport signal forming unit (212) forms transport signals by arranging, based on a arrangement rule, ACK/NACK and CQI in a plurality of layers. According to the arrangement rule, an error detection result is arranged, on a priority basis, in a layer that is different from a layer in which the channel quality information is arranged. In this way, the puncturing of CQI using ACK/NACK can be minimized, with the result that the error characteristic of control information can be prevented from being degraded.

Abstract: A system and method for hybrid FDM (frequency division multiplexing)-CDM (code division multiplexing) structure for single carrier control channels is provided. The hybrid FDM-CDM structure maximizes frequency diversity over the entire available bandwidth such that orthogonality between signals from users in a given cell is maintained. Thus, users in the given cell can transmit over a non-contiguous set of tones. Furthermore, the hybrid FDM-CDM structure maintains orthogonality of a pilot of users in different cells based on a despreading operation in the time domain.

Abstract: Disclosed is wireless communication base station equipment in which CCE allocation can be flexibly performed without collision of ACK/NACK signals between a plurality of unit bands, even when wideband transmission is performed exclusively on a downlink circuit. In this equipment, an allocation unit (105) sets up mutually different search spaces for each of a plurality of downlink unit bands, with respect to wireless communication terminal devices that communicate using a plurality of downlink unit bands, and allocates resource allocation information of downlink circuit data destined for the wireless communication terminal devices to CCEs in mutually different search spaces for each of the plurality of downlink unit bands, and an ACK/NACK reception unit (119); extracts a response signal in respect of the downlink circuit data from the uplink control channel associated with the CCE to which the resource allocation information of this downlink circuit data was allocated.

Abstract: Consecutive subcarriers are reserved, and the reserved consecutive subcarriers are properly allocated to a terminal. The invention is a scheduling method that allocates, within an available band, a block composed of one or more subcarriers and used for signal transmission by a communication terminal being a destination of communication, and the method includes the steps of selecting (S208), with a higher priority, communication terminals having different number of the subcarriers composing the block as simultaneously communicating terminals that perform signal transmission simultaneously, and allocating (S214) the block for use by the simultaneously communicating terminals within the available band.

Abstract: A disclosed gaming machine provides methods and apparatus for wirelessly communicating between devices within the gaming machine. The gaming machine includes a gaming machine housing to which a master gaming controller and one or more gaming peripherals can be mounted. The master gaming controller is adapted for executing a game of chance played on the gaming machine and communicating wirelessly with the one or more gaming peripherals used to play the game of chance. Furthermore, the gaming machine includes a wireless communication manager that can manage wireless communications between the master gaming controller and the gaming peripherals, between the gaming peripherals, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Peer to peer communication timing, e.g., for an ad hoc network, is referenced with respect to an external broadcast signal from a terrestrial or satellite based transmitter. Wireless terminals, seeking to communicate via peer to peer communications, receive the reference broadcast signal, and set their internal timing structure with respect to the reference signal. This facilitates peer to peer timing coordination. A wireless terminal transmits a signal, e.g., a user beacon signal identifying its presence, during a time interval during which another wireless terminal is expected to be monitoring. Reference signal based coordinated timing and use of user beacon signals allows the wireless terminals to maintain situational awareness and coordinate peer to peer communications, while keeping power consumption low, since wireless terminal modules can be powered down during predetermined intervals in the coordinated timing structure where the wireless terminal does not need to transmit and/or receive.

Abstract: A method for exchanging, between a mobile terminal and a base station, system information via a broadcast control channel (BCCH), which is a logical channel between a radio link control (RLC) layer and a medium access control (MAC) layer, and a broadcast channel (BCH) and a downlink shared channel (DL_SCH), which are transport channels between the MAC layer and a physical layer. The method includes: receiving a block of first system information from the base station in a predetermined frame of the BCH; and after the block of first system information is received, receiving a first block of second system information from the base station in a predetermined frame of the DL_SCH configured to carry system information and other data, the first block of second system information including schedule information relating to a second block of second system information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a wireless communication system, using a repetition factor to determine how many times a acknowledgement should be repeated in response to receiving a first data transmission, selecting an acknowledgement transmission (ACK TX) pattern, wherein the ACK TX pattern comprises of resources information of a plurality of blocks used for transmitting the first acknowledgement, and transmitting, repeatedly, the acknowledgement according to the ACK TX pattern.

Abstract: Techniques for sending a MIMO transmission using a combination of cyclic delay diversity and precoding are described. A set of delays (e.g., zero delay, small delay, and large delay) for cyclic delay diversity and a set of precoding matrices may be supported. In one design, a Node B may select a delay specifically for a UE or for a set of UEs served by the Node B. In another design, a UE may evaluate different combinations of precoding matrix and delay, determine the combination with the best performance, and send this combination of precoding matrix and delay to the Node B. The Node B may perform precoding with the precoding matrix and then processing for cyclic delay diversity based on the selected delay. Alternatively, the Node B may perform processing for cyclic delay diversity based on the selected delay and then precoding with the precoding matrix.

Abstract: A frequency band adjusting method, in a first communication system and a second communication system sharing usable frequency band with each other, for adjusting the frequency band used by a first communication apparatus in the first communication system, comprising: determining whether or not increase in the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus is necessary based on the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus and the number of access to the first communication apparatus; determining whether or not increase in the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus is to be approved, according as there is or there is not unused frequency band not used by a second communication apparatus in the second communication system having coverage overlapping with the first communication apparatus; and, if increase is approved, increasing the frequency band used by the first communication apparatus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for aperiodic SRS improvement. In one embodiment, the method comprises configuring a UE (User Equipment) with aperiodic SRS. The method also comprises transmitting a PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel) on a last SC-FDMA (Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbol in a UE-specific aperiodic SRS subframe if a Msg3 in the subframe is transmitted on the PUSCH. Furthermore, the method comprises not transmitting a PUSCH on a last SC-FDMA symbol in a UE-specific aperiodic SRS subframe if a Msg3 in the subframe is not transmitted on the PUSCH.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reconfiguring a user equipment configured for multi-carrier operation from a first downlink control information set to a second downlink control information set while carrier aggregation is being used, including receiving a physical downlink control channel with downlink control information formats containing a carrier indicator field.

Abstract: A method for managing uplink channel estimation in a base station includes transmitting downlink data from a base station to a mobile terminal in a radio access network over a first portion of a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) spectrum. The first portion of the FDD spectrum is designated for downlink data transfer. The method also includes transmitting a predetermined reference signal from the base station to the mobile terminal over a second portion of the FDD spectrum. The second portion of the FDD spectrum is designated for uplink data transfer. The predetermined reference signal permits the mobile terminal to perform a channel estimate on at least a portion of the second portion of the FDD spectrum. The method additionally includes receiving uplink data transmitted from the mobile terminal to the base station over the second portion of the FDD spectrum.

Abstract: In a method of transmitting a logical channel by using a downlink transport channel, a plurality of transmission configurations are limited into a limited set of the transmission configurations. Control information relating to the limited set of the transmission configurations of the downlink transport channel is transmitted and at least a part of data of the logical channel is transmitted over the downlink transport channel. Thus, an amount of the control information is reduced.

Abstract: A method of transmitting uplink control information of a user equipment is provided. The method includes: generating the uplink control information repeatedly as many as uplink data transmission layers; modulating the uplink control information to generate a plurality of repeated modulation symbol; applying a precoding matrix to the plurality of repeated modulation symbols to generate a plurality of first precoded symbol; and transmitting the plurality of first precoded symbols respectively through a plurality of antennas in an uplink subframe comprising a plurality of single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols in a time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in a frequency domain.

Abstract: A method of operation of a communication system includes: utilizing an estimation module estimating a log-likelihood ratio for a transmission; and utilizing a slicing module, coupled to the estimation module, slicing a constellation by: reading the log-likelihood ratio from the estimation module, defining a threshold within the constellation, and adjusting the threshold based on the log-likelihood ratio for determining a symbol.

Abstract: A method for transmitting information of resources for use in transmission of ACK/NACK signals in a mobile communication system is disclosed. An example method for receiving ACK/NACK signals ina mobile communication system is also disclosed. When resources for transmission of data and resources for transmission of control information of the data are scheduled through virtual unit resources, the method identifies information of resources for receiving an ACK/NACK signal for transmission data mapped to information of at least one of a virtual unit resource allocated to the transmission data and a virtual unit resource allocated to control information of the transmission data, and receives the ACK/NACK signal for the transmission data through the information of resources for receiving the ACK/NACK signal.

Abstract: A method for sending uplink scheduling grant signaling and a base station, applied in an Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, the method includes: a base station, according to a number of clusters occupied with non-consecutive resource allocation by a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) of a scheduled user equipment in a component carrier, configuring at least one uplink scheduling grant signaling for the user equipment, wherein each uplink scheduling grant signaling indicates an allocation of resource for one or two clusters occupied by the PUSCH; and the base station allocating a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) for each uplink scheduling grant signaling, and sending the uplink scheduling grant signaling to the user equipment. The flexibility of the resource allocation in the case of multiple clusters is enhanced, meanwhile the reliability of transmission of the scheduling grant signaling is ensured.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating subcarriers in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system is described. In one embodiment, the method comprises allocating at least one diversity cluster of subcarriers to a first subscriber and allocating at least one coherence cluster to a second subscriber.

Abstract: In an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based wireless mesh network, a communication node receives information regarding a next transmission time of a 1-hop node and a 2-hop node through the 1-hop node, calculates next transmission intervals of the 1-hop node and the 2-hop node, determines a next transmission time of the communication node by using the next transmission intervals of the 1-hop node and the 2-hop node, and then transmits, to an 1-hop node of the communication node, the information of the next transmission time together with the information of the transmission time of the 1-hop node, received from the 1-hop node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for multiplexing frequency hopping in a wireless communication system using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is provided. The frequency hopping multiplexing method and apparatus efficiently indicates time division multiplexing for global hopping and local hopping by indicating and using the number and positions of slots for global hopping and local hopping to time-division-multiplex global hopping and local hopping in a reverse link, depending on information the number of Distributed Resource CHannels (DRCHs), provided from a transmitting side over a Forward link Secondary Broadcast Control CHannel (F-SBCCH), which is one of the forward common channels.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for multiplexing control information bits and data information bits into sub-frame symbols depending on the location of symbols carrying a reference signal (RS), to provide an estimate for the channel medium and enable coherent demodulation for signals carrying information bits. The control information bits include ACK or NAK and/or channel CQI bits. The ACK/NAK bits are placed with priority in symbols around the symbols carrying the RS, to allow for improved accuracy of the channel estimate, followed by the CQI bits when both ACK/NAK and CQI bits exist. Moreover, the sub-frame resources required to achieve the desired reception reliability for the control information depend on the operating conditions and can varied to minimize the associated control overhead.

Abstract: A relay device according to the present invention includes an uplink signal relaying unit that performs an uplink signal relaying operation that amplifies an uplink signal transmitted through an uplink channel from a mobile station and re-transmits the amplified uplink signal to a base station; a frequency information acquisition unit that acquires frequency information that represents a frequency band that said mobile station uses for the uplink channel periodically or at predetermined timings; an uplink signal detection unit that determines whether or not the average reception power of the uplink signal in the frequency band represented by the frequency information acquired by said frequency information acquisition unit exceeds a predetermined threshold; and a control unit that controls the uplink signal relaying operation performed by said uplink signal relaying unit based on a determined result of said uplink signal detection unit.

Abstract: Techniques to calibrate downlink and uplink channels to account for differences in the frequency responses of transmit and receive chains are described. In one embodiment, pilots are transmitted on downlink and uplink channels and used to derive estimates of the downlink and uplink channel responses, respectively. Sets of correction factors are then determined based on estimates of downlink and uplink channel responses. A calibrated downlink channel is formed using a first set of correction factors for the downlink channel, and a calibrated uplink channel is formed using a second set of correction factors for the uplink channel. The first and second sets of correction factors may be determined using a matrix-ratio computation or a minimum mean square error computation. The calibration may be performed in real-time based on over-the-air transmission. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for transceiving a signal using a frame structure appropriate for a high-speed moving body. The method for transceiving a signal using a predetermined frame structure according to the present invention comprises a step of transceiving a signal via a frame having the predetermined frame structure, wherein one frame is constituted by eight subframes, and said frame consists of a type-1 subframe consisting of six orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) symbols and a type-2 subframe consisting of seven OFDMA symbols, and said frame has a cyclic prefix length which is either 0, 1/32 of the useful symbol length, 1/64 of the useful symbol length, or 1/128 of the useful symbol length.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses to adaptively select radio frequency channels with which to connect a mobile wireless device to a wireless network are described. In response to a trigger event, the mobile wireless device selects a radio frequency channel from a list of radio frequency channels that use a first radio access technology and transmits a series of connection requests on the selected radio frequency channel. When no acknowledgement is received, the mobile wireless device excludes the selected radio frequency channel from the list of radio frequency channels and repeats the selecting, transmitting and excluding steps up to a maximum number of repetitions before attempting to connect to the wireless network using a second radio access technology.