Abstract: Examples described herein include apparatuses and methods to perform adaptive spatial diversity in a MIMO system. An example apparatus may include a plurality of receiving antennas and a wireless receiver configured to receive a respective plurality of receive signals each from a respective receiving antenna of the plurality of receiving antennas. The wireless signal may be further configured to apply a corresponding weight to each of the plurality of signals to provide a plurality of weighted signals and to apply an eigenfilter to the plurality of weighted signals provide a transfer function. The wireless receiver further configured to perform a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the transfer function to provide output signals in the frequency domain.

Abstract: At least three uses of the technology disclosed are immediately recognized. First, a video stream classifier can be trained that has multiple uses. Second, a trained video stream classifier can be applied to monitor a live network. It can be extended by the network provider to customer relations management or to controlling video bandwidth. Third, a trained video stream classifier can be used to infer bit rate switching of codecs used by video sources and content providers. Bit rate switching and resulting video quality scores can be used to balance network loads and to balance quality of experience for users, across video sources. Balancing based on bit rate switching and resulting video quality scores also can be used when resolving network contention.

Abstract: A method and apparatus control receiving media data in a transmission system. A method of operating a receiving entity in the transmission system includes receiving packets for media data and information about a fixed delay associated with the media data. The method also includes identifying a requirement configured to guarantee that the packets for the media data are delivered to an upper layer of the receiving entity after the fixed delay, from the information about the fixed delay. The method further includes identifying a buffer size requirement for the receiving entity estimated based on the fixed delay and bitrate information associated with the media data; and delivering the packets to the upper layer of the receiving entity.

Abstract: A device receives a first network connection request, that does not include a domain name server (DNS) query, for establishment of a connection to a target destination. The device determines whether information identifying the target destination matches information identifying a permissible destination, included in a set of permissible destinations, identified in connection with a second network connection request, where the second network connection request included a prior DNS query and was received prior to the first network connection request being received, and where a prior security verification was performed in connection with the second network connection request and the prior DNS query.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reaching a consensus for appending, at a current round (j), a new block of data to a permissioned ledger distributed through a network comprising network connected devices authorized by the ledger, called nodes, said method being performed by a tamper-proof computing device configured for managing securely digital keys and comprising a random number generator and a cryptoprocessor for generating signatures with said keys, and comprising, for a set of transactions to be validated, the steps of: receiving, from at least a first node (Nk), a candidate block (Bj,Nk) computed by said first node on transactions among said set of transactions, for each received candidate block, generating a random value by the random number generator, and generating a signed selection message comprising: an identifier of the current round (j), said received candidate block (Bj,Nk) and said generated random value by said cryptoprocessor, broadcasting said signed selection messages to th

Abstract: A device may obtain customer data, associated with a customer identifier, that includes an indication of a recency of a past purchase, a frequency of past purchases, and/or a monetary value associated with past purchases by a customer associated with the customer identifier. The device may determine, based on comparing the customer data and aggregate customer data, a first score that predicts a current measure of loyalty associated with the customer, and may predict, based on the first score, a predicted frequency of future purchases by the customer and a predicted monetary value associated with the future purchases, to determine a second score that predicts a future measure of loyalty associated with the customer. The device may compare the first score and the second score to determine a risk level associated with the customer, and may cause an action to be performed based on determining the risk level.

Abstract: A utilization factor controller is to estimate power consumption values corresponding to a plurality of first utilization factor and second utilization factor pairs, the first utilization factor corresponding to utilization of the first transceiver that is to communicate using a first protocol, the second utilization factor corresponding to utilization of the second transceiver that is to communicate using a second protocol different form the first protocol, the utilization factor controller to select a first utilization factor and second utilization factor pair based on the estimated power consumption value. A transmission time controller is to calculate first and second transmission times to be used by the first and second transceiver based on the selected first utilization factor and second utilization factor pair. A data allocator is to allocate data for transmission by the first transceiver and the second transceiver according to the first and second transmission times.

Abstract: A method for cloud gaming including generating video frames when executing a video game at a cloud gaming server. The method including predicting a scene change for a first video frame for the video game, wherein the scene change is predicted before the first video frame is generated. The method including generating a scene change hint that the first video frame is a scene change. The method including sending the scene change hint to the encoder. The method including delivering the first video frame to an encoder, wherein the first video frame is encoded as an I-frame based on the scene change hint. The method including measuring a maximum receive bandwidth of a client. The method including determining whether to encode or not encode a second video frame received at the encoder based on the maximum receive bandwidth of the client and a target resolution of a client display.

Abstract: A device includes a transmitter coupled to a node, where the node is to couple to a wired link. The transmitter has a plurality of modes of operation including a calibration mode in which a range of communication data rates over the wired link is determined in accordance with a voltage margin corresponding to the wired link at a predetermined error rate. The range of communication data rates includes a maximum data rate, which can be a non-integer multiple of an initial data rate.

Abstract: A server exchanges information between one or more wireless devices to complete a transaction. The server receives second device identifier information from a first wireless device using a wide area network. The second device identifier information was previously provided to the first wireless device using short range wireless communication. The server then uses the second device identifier information to determine additional information concerning an entity or object located in proximity to the second device, and then the server delivers information to the first wireless device based at least in part upon both (a) the second device identifier and (b) a current step in a multiple step process for an ongoing electronic commerce transaction.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods, apparatuses and computer program products for transmitting data. A method comprises determining, at a source node, a traffic type of a packet to be sent to a destination node, the source node and the destination node having therebetween a plurality of network paths for different traffic types. The method further comprises including a mark indicating the traffic type in the packet. In addition, the method further comprises sending the packet including the mark to the destination node such that the packet is forwarded along one of the plurality of network paths specific to the traffic type. Embodiments of the present disclosure can transmit data using different network paths based on different traffic types of data so as to optimize network performance for different network requirements.

Abstract: A communication method is configured to increase speed of messages reception over a bandwidth limited channel such as high frequency (HF) radio. User data arriving from a high-speed network is transformed into a format suitable for transmission over the radio channel. Message packets that will take longer to reach a destination via the radio channel as compared to alternative channels, such as a fiber optic network, are rejected for radio transmission. When the packet is received, the receiver deduces message length by using information from various error handling techniques, such as forward error correction (FEC) and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) techniques. Fill data is transmitted between message packets when no data is available. The FEC and CRC information for the fill data is modified so that the fill data will fail FEC and CRC checks at the receiving station.

Abstract: A bandwidth scheduling method. The method includes a bandwidth allocation apparatus receives a bandwidth request message sent by a message conversion apparatus, where the bandwidth request message includes a bandwidth requirement, and the bandwidth requirement is a bandwidth required by a user-side apparatus for completing transmission of a service. The bandwidth allocation apparatus calculates first bandwidth grant information and second bandwidth grant information based on the bandwidth requirement, where the first bandwidth grant information is information about a bandwidth that is allocated to the user-side device, and the second bandwidth grant information is information about a bandwidth that is allocated to a second access device. The bandwidth allocation apparatus sends the first bandwidth grant information to the user-side device, and the bandwidth allocation apparatus sends the second bandwidth grant information to the second access device by using a first access device.

Abstract: Systems and methods for recommending a data rate on an uplink or downlink communication channel between the network node and a wireless device in a wireless communications system are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a method performed by a wireless device for recommending a data rate on an uplink or downlink communication channel between the wireless device and a network node in a wireless communications system comprises determining to request that the network node recommend a data rate on the uplink or downlink communication channel for the wireless device. Further, the method includes generating a first information element that indicates the request. Also, the first information element is sent via a protocol layer on the uplink communication channel.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a receiver configured to receive first information to designate a first bandwidth narrower than a maximum available bandwidth extended based on a predetermined channel, and to receive second information to designate a plurality of channels including at least one channel different from a channel in the first bandwidth among a plurality of channels in the maximum bandwidth; and controlling circuitry configured to specify a plurality of channels for use in communication based on at least the second information.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein provide for software defined networking system to provide network service and bandwidth prioritization in a customer's network. The user equipment devices can be connected to a gateway device on a premise network. The gateway device or a server communicably coupled to the gateway device can include an intelligence agent that can prioritize bandwidth, network services, user equipment devices based on a variety of contexts. The intelligence agent can also dynamically increase or decrease the bandwidth available to the gateway device in some embodiments. In an embodiment, the software defined networking system can also instantiate virtual network functions on either the local gateway device or the cloud server in order to provide functionality for one or more network services used by the user equipment device on site.

Abstract: Systems and methods for batch multiplexing a plurality of transactions are provided. A system may include a machine-learning (“ML”) based engine configured to receive instructions to execute a first transaction, derive a plurality of sets of delay parameters for the first transaction, and display the sets of delay parameters on a graphical user interface (“GUI”) associated with a sender of the instructions. The engine may be configured to receive a selection of a set of delay parameters, and, based on the selection, append the first transaction to one of a plurality of pending transaction queues. The engine may be further configured to, within a maximum time window, combine the transactions in the pending transaction queue to create a single multiplexed transaction, and execute the multiplexed transaction. The engine may also be configured to demultiplex the multiplexed transaction after it is executed.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments describe systems and methods for predicting health of a link. A device in communication with a link can identify profile information of a stream of network traffic traversing the link. The device can determine a first prediction of health of the link by applying one or more rules to the plurality of parameters of the profile information. The device can determine a second prediction of health of the link by applying a classifier to one or more timed sequences of the plurality of parameters of the profile information. The device can establishes a respective weight for each of the first prediction of health and the second prediction of heath. The device can select, using the respective weight, between the first prediction of health and the second prediction of health to provide a predictor of the health of the link.

Abstract: According to examples, an apparatus may identify a first viewpoint that an entity expressed in a first media file, identify a second viewpoint expressed in a second media file that is attributed to the entity, determine that the second viewpoint is dissimilar to the first viewpoint and in response to the determination that the second viewpoint is dissimilar to the first viewpoint, may output a message.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application relate to a policy determining method and a communications apparatus. The method includes: obtaining, by a policy control network element, policy information from a data analytics network element; and determining, by the policy control network element, an execution policy of a service based on the policy information. In the policy determining method in the embodiments of this application, dynamic adjustment and refined management on the execution policy can be implemented.

Abstract: Various embodiments comprise systems, methods, architectures, mechanisms and apparatus for managing user equipment (UE) communications in a converged network by inserting mobile network UE information into WiFi network communications such that a WiFi control entity may cause migration of the UE from the WiFi network to the mobile network in response to determining that a QoS level is deteriorating.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing bandwidth congestion control in a private fabric in a high performance computing environment. An exemplary method can provide, at one or more microprocessors, a first subnet, the first subnet comprising a plurality of switches, and a plurality of host channel adapters, wherein each of the host channel adapters comprise at least one host channel adapter port, and wherein the plurality of host channel adapters are interconnected via the plurality of switches, and a plurality of end nodes. The method can provide, at a host channel adapter, an end node ingress bandwidth quota associated with an end node attached to the host channel adapter. The method can receive, at the end node of the host channel adapter, ingress bandwidth, the ingress bandwidth exceeding the ingress bandwidth quota of the end node.

Abstract: Techniques for collision avoidance on a current receiving network node using a half duplex wireless transceiver include, in response to receiving a request to transmit a variable length data message from a first node, transmitting a clear to transmit message that indicates the first node followed by transmitting a physical layer first pilot message. In some circumstances, the techniques include transmitting an acknowledgement message that indicates the first node, only in response to successfully receiving the variable length data message that indicates the first node followed by receiving a physical layer second pilot message. The second pilot message can be detected using either or both of energy detection and preamble detection.

Abstract: A method and electronic device for communicating multi devices that use universal serial bus (USB) type-C are provided. The electronic device includes at least one or more interfaces formed as USB type-C, and at least one control circuit electrically connected to the interface. The control circuit may be configured to form a communication path, through chosen terminals of the interfaces, between at least two or more external devices connected to the interfaces.

Abstract: A data modulator for a transmitter includes a multiplexer configured to receive, at a first rate, a first data stream including a plurality of first symbols and a second data stream including a plurality of second symbols. The multiplexer is configured to selectively output, based on a first clock signal, the plurality of first symbols and the plurality of second symbols to form a third data stream that achieves a second rate greater than the first rate for transmission of the third data stream by the transmitter.

Abstract: A method, computing system, and computer program product are provided. A processor of a computer system estimates an amount of bandwidth to be used to complete a transaction based on a usage history. Responsive to determining that the amount of the estimated bandwidth to be used exceeds a predefined threshold of an amount of available bandwidth and to determining that an account has any offers for additional bandwidth at no additional cost, the amount of available bandwidth is automatically recharged using at least some of the any offers until either the any offers are exhausted or the estimated amount of the bandwidth to be used would be less than the predefined threshold. When the estimated amount of the bandwidth to be used continues to exceed the predefined threshold, the bandwidth is automatically recharged using an advanced amount of bandwidth to increase a likelihood that the transaction will complete successfully.

Abstract: A mechanism for managing virtual machines in a virtualization system is disclosed. A method of implementation of the disclosure includes a virtual manager determining that there is a requirement to provide direct communicative coupling between a virtual machine executed by a first host system and one of a plurality of host systems. A second host system from the plurality of host systems is selected responsive to configuration information for the second host system at least partially matching configuration information for the first host system and a network entity associated with the second host system being free of network traffic for a threshold period of time. The virtualization manager provides direct communicative coupling between the second host system and the virtual machine via the network entity.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle gateway including a first transceiver configured to receive a controller area network with flexible data rate (CAN-FD) message from a CAN-FD bus and store the received CAN-FD message, a second transceiver configured to store a controller area network (CAN) message and transmit or receive the CAN message to or from a CAN bus, and a processor configured to divide the CAN-FD message into a plurality of divided CAN-FD messages based on preset reference bytes, assign identification numbers (IDs) to the plurality of divided CAN-FD messages, and store a plurality of the CAN messages assigned with the IDs in the second transceiver.

Abstract: A method and electronic device for communicating multi devices that use universal serial bus (USB) type-C are provided. The electronic device includes at least one or more interfaces formed as USB type-C, and at least one control circuit electrically connected to the interface. The control circuit may be configured to form a communication path, through chosen terminals of the interfaces, between at least two or more external devices connected to the interfaces.

Abstract: Disclosed is a base station which transmits and retransmits to a terminal first and second downlink data in first and second component carriers, respectively, wherein a first configuration pattern of UL (uplink) and DL (downlink) subframes is set for the first component carrier and a second configuration pattern of UL and DL subframes is set for the second component carrier. The base station receives from the terminal in the first component carrier an ACK/NACK for the first and second downlink data received by the terminal, which stores retransmission data of the first and second downlink data in a soft buffer, wherein the soft buffer for the second downlink data is sized according to a maximum number of downlink HARQ retransmission processes executable in a reference configuration pattern of UL and DL subframes, and the reference configuration pattern is determined according to the first and second configuration patterns.

Abstract: Provided is a base station that is a base station apparatus connected to a terminal apparatus, the terminal apparatus being connected to a plurality of the base station apparatuses through physical link channels. In a case that a bandwidth assistant information request is received from the terminal apparatus, bandwidth assistant information for each of the physical link channels to which the terminal apparatus is connected is transmitted to the terminal apparatus.

Abstract: A terminal including; a memory configured to store a first table and a second table different from the first table; a receiver configured to receive a Radio Resource Control (RRC) Connection setup signaling including information indicating the first table or the second table, a controller configured to configure a buffer table to the first table or the second table according to the information; and, a transmitter configured to transmit a RRC Connection setup complete signaling after configured the table, wherein, the transmitter transmits a signal including an index of the buffer table accorded to amount of data that the terminal has, the index indicates a range of data amount.

Abstract: Systems and methods for hinting an encoder are disclosed in which a server monitors for information related to changes in frame rendering, calculates tolerance boundaries, rolling average frame time and/or short-term trends in frame time, and uses those calculations to identify a frame time peak. The server then hints a codec (encoder) to modulate the quality settings of frame output in proportion to the size of the frame time peak. In certain embodiments, a renderer records one or more playthroughs in a game environment, sorts a plurality of frames from one or more playthroughs into a plurality of cells on a heatmap, and collects the list of sorted frames. A codec may then encode one or more frames from the list of sorted frames to calculate an average encoded frame size for each cell in the heatmap, and associate each average encoded frame size with a per-cell normalized encoder quality setting.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, are described for performing asymmetric data communication at a host-device interface of a system. The methods include identifying devices coupled to a host of the system and generating a system topology that identifies a connectivity of the devices and identifies bus lanes that enable data transfers at the system. The host determines that a first connection between the host and a first device of the multiple devices has an asymmetric bandwidth requirement. The host configures a set of bus lanes of a data bus connecting the first device and the host to allocate a different number of the bus lanes to data egress from the host than to data ingress to the host. The bus lanes are configured to allocate the differing number of bus lanes based on the asymmetric bandwidth requirement of the first connection.

Abstract: Provided is a network monitor for a mobility network used in a mobility entity. The mobility network is formed of a source unit, a destination unit, and one or more repeaters. Each repeater includes a network monitor that receives, from the source unit, an announcement for a bandwidth reservation. The announcement includes a value of a first bandwidth requirement for the source unit to perform first data communication. The network monitor further determines a determination result of whether to reserve the first bandwidth by comparing the value of the first bandwidth with a range of values of a second bandwidth for the first data communication specified in a white list stored in a database. The network monitor reserves the first bandwidth for performing the first data communication depending on the determination result, and transmits, to the source unit, a reservation status of the first bandwidth.

Abstract: A packet processing device includes a memory, and circuitry coupled the memory and configured to perform: sampling received packets at a predetermined interval, detecting a plurality of bursts in which received packets are continuously detected by the sampling, calculating, for each of the plurality of bursts detected, a front edge period based on the received packet detected first among the bursts, calculating, for each of the plurality of bursts detected, a rear edge period based on the received packet detected last among the bursts, deciding the longer period between the front edge period and the rear edge period as a burst period, and controlling transfer of the received packets based on the decided burst period.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus controls a printing process performed by an image forming apparatus. The information processing apparatus includes a communication controller configured to perform communication with the image forming apparatus; a display controller configured to cause a display to display an operation screen for accepting a setting or an operation relating to the printing process; a data transmitter configured to transmit predetermined data by the communication to the image forming apparatus, while the operation screen is being displayed; and a renderer configured to generate print data to be transmitted to the image forming apparatus by the communication, according to the setting or the operation accepted at the operation screen.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for managing computing resources for a remote session that has been established between a client and a remote server via a communication channel. Such a remote session is configured to automatically adapt image quality of the remote session based on a network status of the communication channel. The described technique includes detecting an inactive state of the remote session, and in turn, modifying at least one network setting of the client using a network shaping rule specified to artificially reduce a network quality of the communication channel used by the client for traffic of the remote session, so as to cause the client to reduce image quality of the remote session and reduce an amount of data exchanged between the remote server and the client.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for the creation of multi-codec encoding profiles (or encoding ladders), which define quality and bitrate for each of the streams made available to clients for streaming a video. In particular, optimization techniques may take into account a quality rate function of each of the codecs when determining the encoding ladder. Additional considerations may include a network bandwidth distribution and/or a distribution of client types.

Abstract: A role of sharing broker can be activated on a first mobile device, the role of sharing broker brokering sharing of network resources of at least a first network among a plurality of other mobile devices. Data usage by the first mobile device on at least the first network can be monitored. Responsive to the data usage by the first mobile device on at least the first network exceeding a threshold value, an amount of data usage on at least the first network being shared by the first mobile device among the plurality of other mobile devices can be adjusted.

Abstract: A workgroup-computing-entity-based fail-safe/evolvable hardware core structure is disclosed which includes a 3-hierarchical-level 6-workgroup-Basic-Building-Block (6-wBBB) created to supplant the node-computing-entity-based non-fail-safe/limited evolvable von-Neumann core structure of 3-hierarchical-level 3-node-BBB, (i.e., base-level IO-devices/mid-level main memory/top-level CPU) and all the first-time fail-safe workgroup systems can be subsequently generated in the second period along the workgroup-computing evolutionary timeline. Furthermore, based on the first 6-wBBB evolvable architecture, the workgroup evolutionary processes can go up to 7 generations in creating all the necessary workgroup-computing entity-based hardware core structures, so that all the real-time intelligent workgroup-computing systems can be generated in the third period along the workgroup-computing evolutionary timeline.

Abstract: A device may receive signal information associated with a wireless signal or charge information associated with a charge level. The signal information may indicate a signal strength of the wireless signal. The charge information may indicate the charge level of a battery of the device. The device may determine whether the signal strength or the charge level satisfies a threshold. The device may configure a parameter or a setting of the device to cause the device to operate according to a long term evolution (LTE) category based on determining whether the signal strength or the charge level satisfies the threshold. The LTE category may be different from a default LTE category of the device and may define an uplink/downlink capability specification. The device may attach to a network in association with configuring the parameter or the setting to cause the device to operate according to the LTE category.

Abstract: A method for protecting a user equipment includes: after sending a first request message for adjusting radio link configuration to a base station, monitoring a response message corresponding to the first request message in a first preset time period; determining a sending time for sending a second request message for adjusting the radio link configuration based on a monitoring result in the first preset time period; and sending the second request message at the sending time. This can avoid frequently sending a request message for adjusting a radio link configuration to a base station, reducing spectrum resource utilization and signaling burden of the network.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to data distribution methods. One example method includes receiving an access policy, where the access policy includes flow description information, quality information of at least two links, and a data distribution policy on the at least two links, receiving a service data flow, and in response to determining that the access policy includes flow description information of the service data flow, determining link quality information of a link used for transmitting the service data flow, and distributing the service data on the link according to the data distribution policy, where the data distribution policy is a data distribution policy that is determined based on the access policy and that is corresponding to the link quality information and the flow description information of the service data flow.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for reducing latency in distributing market data from a first location to one or more other locations over a wired or wireless transmission line. Some embodiments provide techniques for transmitting market data messages at a data transfer rate less than or equal to a predetermined target data transfer rate. Some embodiments provide techniques for transmitting only the most recent updates for a particular financial instrument. Some embodiments provide techniques which reduce or eliminate the need to recover a packet lost over the transmission line. Some embodiments provide techniques for aggregating data from multiple updates for a particular financial instrument into a single message for transmitting.

Abstract: A communication technique and system for converging, with Internet of things (IoT) technology, a 5th generation (5G) communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate beyond a 4th generation (4G) system is provided. The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services (for example, smart homes, smart buildings, smart cities, smart cars or connected cards, health care, digital education, retail business, security and safety related services, etc.), on the basis of the 5G communication technology and IoT associated technology. According to an embodiment, a method of a terminal in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes receiving system information, identifying power information for a synchronization signal and a broadcast channel, based on the system information, and transmitting and receiving a signal, based on the power information. In this method, the power information for the synchronization signal and the broadcast channel are set equally.

Abstract: The MAC frame in a wireless communication system includes a terminal ID allocated to each of multiple terminals. At least one connection ID is allocated to each terminal having the terminal ID, and sub-carrier allocation information is allocated to each connection having the connection ID. The sub-carrier allocation information includes a sub-carrier allocation status for each sub-carrier, and the number of allocated information bits for each sub-carrier. The sub-carrier allocation status and the number of allocated information bits for each sub-carrier can be allocated, by sub-carriers, to the sub-carrier allocation information using a same number of bits; or the information on the sub-carrier allocation status is first allocated to the sub-carrier allocation information and the number of allocated information bits for each sub-carrier is allocated.

Abstract: A duplex frequency is supplemented by providing simplex frequencies and distributing a data load among them. A server initially communicates with a communications device using a duplex channel. A scheduler of the server determines when it is no longer optimal to use the single duplex channel, and distributes data among the duplex channel and the simplex channels. Before sending this data through multiple channels, the server first sends a schedule to the communications device to inform which bits of data are coming through which channels at which times. The scheduler compiles this schedule and sends it to the communications device through the duplex channel. A descheduler within the communications device receives the schedule and alerts the communications device to start receiving data on other simplex channels. The descheduler then puts the bits of data in order as they stream in across the duplex and simplex channels.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a system and method for dynamically duplicating network packets onto a reliable link. Network devices can be connected by a primary link and by a secondary link. As the network quality of the first link degrades, the system can adaptively duplicate network packets onto the second link. As a high priority link, the secondary link can have less total bandwidth when compared to the primary link. Accordingly, all the traffic traversing the primary link may not be able to be duplicated onto the secondary link to preserve network reliability when the quality of the first link degrades. The present solution can effectively manage the bandwidth of the secondary link and set duplication rates that control the duplication of the packets onto the secondary link.

Abstract: This disclosure describes enhancements to Ethernet for use in higher performance applications like Storage, HPC, and Ethernet based fabric interconnects. This disclosure provides various mechanisms for lossless fabric enhancements with error-detection and retransmissions to improve link reliability, frame pre-emption to allow higher priority traffic over lower priority traffic, virtual channel support for deadlock avoidance by enhancing Class of service functionality defined in IEEE 802.1Q, a new header format for efficient forwarding/routing in the fabric interconnect and header CRC for reliable cut-through forwarding in the fabric interconnect. The enhancements described herein, when added to standard and/or proprietary Ethernet protocols, broadens the applicability of Ethernet to newer usage models and fabric interconnects that are currently served by alternate fabric technologies like Infiniband, Fibre Channel and/or other proprietary technologies, etc.