Abstract: A system for peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) reduction of a frequency shifted plurality of digital broadcast signals taking into account the combined signal peaks in order to transmit the signals more efficiently in a single broadcast transmission system. The PAPR algorithm takes into account a rotating constellation phase offset for the shifted signals corresponding to the amount of applied frequency shift. In the case of a dual sideband In-Band-On-Channel (IBOC) signal typically used in conjunction with an FM carrier in the center, the sidebands can be interleaved to create a new IBOC signal definition and take the place of the FM carrier for an all-digital transmission that is backward compatible with IBOC receivers allowing for a gradual migration to all digital broadcasting.

Abstract: A mesh network includes multiple in-band on-channel (IBOC) transceivers, connected in a mesh configuration. A first IBOC transceiver communicates directly with a second IBOC transceiver, and an edge transceiver communicates directly with the second IBOC transceiver, but indirectly with the first IBOC transceiver via the second IBOC transceiver. The first IBOC transceiver includes a first network interface, an IBOC radio frequency (RF) transmitter, and a wireless network interface. The first network interface receives broadcast content for IBOC transmission from the edge transceiver. The IBOC RF transmitter transmits the broadcast content within an IBOC broadcast area. The wireless network interface receives feedback, related to the broadcast content, from an IBOC user device within the IBOC broadcast area, and transmits the feedback indirectly to the edge transceiver.

Abstract: A device that includes a first correlithm object delay device, a second correlithm object delay device, and a third correlithm object delay device. The a first correlithm object delay device is operable to receive a first correlithm object at a first time, store the first correlithm object, and output the first correlithm object at a second time later than the first time. The second correlithm object delay device is operable to receive the first correlithm object at a third time later than the second time, store the first correlithm object, and output the first correlithm object at a fourth time later than the third time. The third correlithm object delay device is operable to receive the first correlithm object at a fifth time later than the fourth time, store the first correlithm object, and output the first correlithm object at a sixth time later than the fifth time.

Abstract: A device, such as a base station or user equipment (UE), may identify a narrowband reference signal (NB-RS) energy per resource element (EPRE) for a NB-RS to be transmitted in a wireless transmission. The device may identify a ratio of a narrowband physical downlink shared channel (N-PDSCH) EPRE to the NB-RS EPRE for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols containing neither a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) nor a NB-RS. In deployments where NB transmissions are transmitted in a guard-band adjacent to a wideband system bandwidth, a device may identify a second ratio for N-PDSCH EPRE to CRS EPRE within OFDM symbols containing CRS. In deployments where NB transmissions are transmitted in-band with the wideband system bandwidth, a device may identify a third ratio of NB-RS EPRE to CRS EPRE, and a fourth ratio of N-PDSCH EPRE to NB-RS EPRE within OFDM symbols containing NB-RS transmissions.

Abstract: An example security device receives a plurality of data units carrying traffic in a message encoded in accordance with an application layer protocol for a server. The message comprises payload. The security device analyzes the plurality of data units to identify the application layer protocol; selects a data extraction algorithm in dependence on the identified application layer protocol; extracts selected data from the payload, in accordance with one or more tokenizing rules; and forwards selected data to a token encoder, to allow the token encoder to store selected data and return at least one token used to identify the selected data. The device receives from the token encoder, at least one token and replaces the selecting data in the payload with the at least one token to form modified payload and forming and forwards a modified message comprising the payload data, in place of the message, thereby securing the original message.

Abstract: A system for peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) reduction of a frequency shifted plurality of digital broadcast signals taking into account the combined signal peaks in order to transmit the signals more efficiently in a single broadcast transmission system. The PAPR algorithm takes into account a rotating constellation phase offset for the shifted signals corresponding to the amount of applied frequency shift. In the case of a dual sideband In-Band-On-Channel (IBOC) signal typically used in conjunction with an FM carrier in the center, the sidebands can be interleaved to create a new IBOC signal definition and take the place of the FM carrier for an all-digital transmission that is backward compatible with IBOC receivers allowing for a gradual migration to all digital broadcasting.

Abstract: The present invention provides a receiver. In one embodiment, the receiver includes a receive portion employing transmission signals from a transmitter having multiple antennas and capable of providing channel estimates. The receiver also includes a feedback generator portion configured to provide to the transmitter a pre-coder selection for data transmission that is based on the channel estimates, wherein the pre-coder selection corresponds to a grouping of frequency-domain resource blocks. The present invention also provides a transmitter having multiple antennas. In one embodiment, the transmitter includes a transmit portion coupled to the multiple antennas and capable of applying pre-coding to a data transmission for a receiver. The transmitter also includes a feedback decoding portion configured to decode a pre-coder selection for the data transmission that is fed back from the receiver, wherein the pre-coder selection corresponds to a grouping of frequency-domain resource blocks.

Abstract: An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal transmission apparatus which transmits OFDM signals by using a plurality of transmission antennas includes a subcarrier setting device which sets signals for subcarriers so as to use some of the subcarriers of the OFDM signals as pilot subcarriers to transmit pilot signals and use the remaining subcarriers as data subcarriers to transmit data signals, the subcarrier setting device changing polarities of signals for the pilot subcarriers for each transmission antenna.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for blind frequency synchronization. In one embodiment, a method is disclosed, comprising: downconverting a received orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signal to baseband; identifying, from the downconverted received signal, a series of OFDM symbols in the time domain; performing a fast Fourier transform (FFT) on a block of several time domain samples to turn the time domain OFDM symbols into frequency domain OFDM symbols, one sample per subcarrier in the received OFDM signal; computing a cross-correlation between in-phase and quadrature samples in each subcarrier and for each frequency domain OFDM symbol, wherein the cross-correlation may be computed as a sum of products of either squares or absolute values of the in-phase and quadrature samples; and summing the computed cross-correlation across the series of symbols and across all subcarriers to determine a frequency offset for the received OFDM signal.

Abstract: A receiver and a method for providing block synchronization of symbols and integral frequency offset correction of subcarriers are provided. Samples of a received signal are transformed into the frequency domain. Subcarrier extraction is performed to extract selected subcarriers. The extracted subcarriers are differentially demodulated using subcarriers from the previous symbol and coherently combined with reference subcarrier values to obtain sample vectors. The sample vectors are obtained over a number of symbols preferably equal to the number symbols in a block. Cyclic correlation is performed on those sample vectors relative to a known synchronization (sync) pattern. A maximum magnitude search is performed over sample vectors obtained from the cyclic correlation to determine an integral frequency offset and a block boundary of the received signal. The integral frequency offset and the block boundary can be used to tune and synchronize the receiver for proper reception of the received signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for processing a received digital radio broadcast signal to efficiently remove signal interference artifacts from digital and/or analog signals by using signal quality information extracted from audio samples in one or more buffered audio frames to detect audio frames containing clipped noise artifacts and weaker noise artifacts and to selectively apply anti-interference processing to remove the signal interference artifacts.

Abstract: Short training field (STF) for use within single user, multiple user, multiple access, and/or MIMO wireless communications. An STF design as is made such that the power associated with the tone indices at the edges of the STF design is relatively less than the power associated with the tone indices more centrally located within the STF design. Also, when multiple respective operational modes are supported (e.g., 1 MHz and 2 MHz), the respective STF designs corresponding to those respective operational modes have a great deal of similarity. For example, the respective STF designs for different respective operational modes may have certain common STF tone indices among those respective STF designs.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitter to transmit a plurality of supplementary data streams is provided, including a multiplexer (MUX) unit which generates a transmission stream by inserting the plurality of supplementary data streams into a normal data stream so that the plurality of supplementary data streams are continuously arranged in an alternating pattern in the normal data stream, and an exciter unit which processes the transmission stream so that the plurality of supplementary data streams are distinguishably arranged in a plurality of areas forming a plurality of transmission units.

Abstract: A transmitting system and a method of transmitting digital broadcast signal are disclosed. The method of transmitting digital broadcast signal includes FEC encoding mobile data to build data frames, dividing the data frames into a plurality of data portions, converting one of the data portions into a plurality of SCCC blocks, performing convolutional coding on mobile data, mapping the SCCC blocks to data blocks and extended data blocks, forming a data group, forming a fixed number of mobile data packets and a first scalable number of mobile data packets, multiplexing the fixed number of mobile data packets, the first scalable number of mobile data packets and a second scalable number of main data packets.

Abstract: A system for simultaneous transmission (1) of Morse signaling over a radio communication using digital technology, comprising a signal generator (2) with at least one digital modulation which includes at least one amplitude modulation component; a Morse code generator (3) that generates Morse tones in analog form; and a first attenuator module (4), controlled by the Morse code generator (4). In this way, a signal with digital modulation generated by the signal generator (2) is attenuated in amplitude by the first attenuator module (4), the amplitude attenuation being the function of the amplitude of the waveform generated by the Morse code generator (3). In this way the transmission of information by digital modulation is simultaneous with the transmission of the Morse code by analog amplitude modulation (AM), using one single radiofrequency (RF) carrier signal and without service interruption or information loss.

Abstract: Provided are a communication system that is capable of acquiring information having a relatively large data amount by a transmission unit while securing a communication speed of a transmission signal of transmission unit, and a transmission unit employed in communication system. Transmission unit transmits superimposition requesting data from a superimposition requesting unit to a second monitoring terminal in a transmission segment of transmission signal. Second monitoring terminal, upon receiving superimposition requesting data and with responding thereto, transmits, to transmission unit, monitoring data corresponding to a monitoring input from a sensor device with a superimposition signal superimposed on transmission signal as superimposition response data in a reply segment of transmission signal.

Abstract: There is provided an optical transmission device which includes a determiner, a convertor, and a switch. The determiner determines whether a frame includes a fixed stuff byte area or not when the frame is received from a first network, where the frame includes a payload area for storing client data and the fixed stuff byte area is for storing fixed data. When the determiner determines that the frame includes the fixed stuff byte area, a convertor to convert a fixed stuff byte area into the payload area and a switch switches a clock frequency from a first clock frequency used in the first network to a second clock frequency used in a second network when the frame including the converted fixed stuff byte area is output to the second network on the basis of the clock frequency as a reference.

Abstract: A method is provided for protecting data content against illegal copying. The data content is provided by an entertainment system and is output to output units in an authorized playback environment for playing back the data content. The method includes transmitting the data content in the authorized playback environment from the entertainment system to an output unit, and adding an interference signal to the data content such that, during playback of the data content outside the authorized playback environment a disruption is induced.

Abstract: A wireless communication system can include at least two base stations coupled with a network, the two base stations transmitting pilot signals that are used to make a soft handoff decision for a communication device based on base station related information received from the communication device, the base station related information being assembled within the communication device by continuously tracking selected base station pilot signals received by the communication device, the selected base station pilot signals sometimes including one or more pilot signals that are not assigned to rake fingers associated with a receiver coupled with the communication device, and at least one of the base stations delivering soft handoff information to the communication device after the soft handoff decision has been made by the network.

Abstract: A packet flow side channel encoder and decoder embeds and extracts a side channel communication in an overt communication data stream transmitted over a network. The encoder selects more than one group of related packets being transmitted on the network, relates a packet of one group to a packet of another group to form a pair of packets; and delays the timing of at least one packet from each pair of packets The decoder determines inter-packet delays that are the difference in timing between two packets in a pair of packets; determines at least one inter-packet delay difference between two or more determined inter-packet delays; and extracts a bit using the at least one interpacket delay difference.

Abstract: In a method of data transmission in a data communication network, data packets may be tormatted according to different transmission protocols (“secondary data packets”) that are received for transmission through the data communication network and may be packed into one or more “primary data packets” formatted according to the transmission protocol of the data communication network. In addition to a sequence number, the primary data packets may include a first packet offset to identify the location of a first new secondary data packet that is packed into the primary data packet. A first packet offset field length may be determined during connection negotiation. The data transmission method of the invention may include packing one or more secondary data packets, or a portion thereof, in a primary data packet to fill the primary data packet, thus minimizing unused data bits in the primary data packet.

Abstract: A method, system, and apparatus of network artifact identification and extraction are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes aggregating a payload data (e.g., may be a component of the extracted artifact) from different network packets to form an aggregated payload data, matching the payload data with an entry of a library of known artifacts, determining a type of the payload data based on a match with the entry of the library of known artifacts, separating the payload data from a header data in a network packet, and communicating the aggregated payload data as an extracted artifact to a user. The method may include using the extracted artifact to perform network visibility analysis of users on packets flowing across the network. The method may validate that the entry is accurate by performing a deeper analysis of the payload data with the entry of the library of known artifacts.

Abstract: A multipath component in a GPS signal received is detected when an asymmetry exists in the correlation function of the received signal and the expected GPS signal. The multi-path component is also detected, even without a line-of-sight component in the received GPS signal, when a peak of the correlation function jumps a significant distance (i.e., a sudden, significant change in a detected code phase).

Abstract: This document describes tools useful in relaying a data stream from a data device to a network tunnel, such as by injecting in-band control messages without impacting a data rate. For example, the tools may receive data packets on a first link and then relay the data packets to a data device on a second link. While doing so, the tools may periodically free an amount of link time by reducing the length of the relayed data packets by reducing the length of a header of each data packet. The tools may then consume the freed link time by sending a control message on the second link to the data device.

Abstract: A communication device 1 has a first protocol analysis section 11 that analyzes a status of a transmission signal Vs received at a transmission signal receiver 10. A transmission controller 14 determines a communication available period and a communication unavailable period based upon the analysis result. When the communication available period is determined, the transmission controller 14 allows a second protocol signal transmitter 12 to transmit a packet in accordance with a second protocol to a signal line Ls. With this result, it is possible to transmit a relatively large amount of data while suppressing noise influence caused by a varying condition of a carrier, in contrast to a prior system in which the transmission signal is superimposed only by a simple determination of the carrier condition. Thus, it is possible to share the signal line Ls with the time-division multiplexing transmission system and improve reliability of data transmission.

Abstract: A method of formatting a digital broadcast transport stream packet, a digital broadcast transmitter, and a signal processing method thereof, includes constructing a transport stream packet that includes a stuffing region for an insertion of a known supplementary reference signal (SRS) data therein, randomizing the packet that includes the stuffing region is randomized, and the SRS data is inserted into the stuffing region of the randomized packet. Adding a parity for an error correction to the packet into which the SRS data has been inserted, the packet to which the parity has been added is interleaved, and a trellis encoding of the interleaved packet is performed. Inserting a segment sync signal and a field sync signal into the trellis-encoded packet, and a vestigial side band (VSB) modulation and an RF conversion of the packet are performed to transmit the VSB-modulated and RF-converted packet.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, a method is provided in which indications of signal quality associated with each of the plurality of user stations are received. Multiple user stations (e.g., a first user station and a second user station) are selected to receive data from a base station based on the indications of signal quality associated with the plurality of the user stations. A first packet is constructed which contains signaling data for the first user station and application data for the second user station. A second packet which contains application data for the first user station is super-imposed upon the first packet. The first and second packets are transmitted simultaneously from the base station to the first and second user stations.

Abstract: For eigenmode transmission with minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver spatial processing, a transmitter performs spatial processing on NS data symbol streams with steering vectors to transmit the streams on NS spatial channels of a MIMO channel. The steering vectors are estimates of transmitter steering vectors required to orthogonalize the spatial channels. A receiver derives a spatial filter based on an MMSE criterion and with an estimate of the MIMO channel response and the steering vectors. The receiver (1) obtains NR received symbol streams from NR receive antennas, (2) performs spatial processing on the received symbol streams with the spatial filter to obtain NS filtered symbol streams, (3) performs signal scaling on the filtered symbol streams with a scaling matrix to obtain NS recovered symbol streams, and (4) processes the NS recovered symbol streams to obtain NS decoded data streams for the NS data streams sent by the transmitter.

Abstract: There are provided a customer premise equipment (CPE) device, a corresponding method, and a Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM) for connecting to a digital network. The CPE device includes a user input device for receiving a user input specifying one or more channels for which closed caption (CC) information is sought. The CPE device also includes a decoder for receiving the CC information for the one or more channels specified by the user input.

Abstract: In a method of communicating between layers of a protocol stack, message data are generated for communicating between a first layer and a second layer of the protocol stack. The message data are incorporated into a data unit by providing an opaque object within the data unit, conforming to a data structure definition supporting extendible schemas, the opaque object including the message data.

Abstract: A method of formatting a digital broadcast transport stream packet, a digital broadcast transmitter, and a signal processing method thereof, includes constructing a transport stream packet that includes a stuffing region for an insertion of a known supplementary reference signal (SRS) data therein, randomizing the packet that includes the stuffing region is randomized, and the SRS data is inserted into the stuffing region of the randomized packet. Adding a parity for an error correction to the packet into which the SRS data has been inserted, the packet to which the parity has been added is interleaved, and a trellis encoding of the interleaved packet is performed. Inserting a segment sync signal and a field sync signal into the trellis-encoded packet, and a vestigial side band (VSB) modulation and an RF conversion of the packet are performed to transmit the VSB-modulated and RF-converted packet.

Abstract: A method of formatting a digital broadcast transport stream packet, a digital broadcast transmitter, and a signal processing method thereof, includes constructing a transport stream packet that includes a stuffing region for an insertion of a known supplementary reference signal (SRS) data therein, randomizing the packet that includes the stuffing region is randomized, and the SRS data is inserted into the stuffing region of the randomized packet. Adding a parity for an error correction to the packet into which the SRS data has been inserted, the packet to which the parity has been added is interleaved, and a trellis encoding of the interleaved packet is performed. Inserting a segment sync signal and a field sync signal into the trellis-encoded packet, and a vestigial side band (VSB) modulation and an RF conversion of the packet are performed to transmit the VSB-modulated and RF-converted packet.

Abstract: A system, apparatus and method for transparently authenticating continuous data streams. A continuous data stream is divided into data blocks. Block authentication code(s) are determined using the data in the data blocks, a hash function and a key. The block authentication code(s) are embedded into the data block(s) by adjusting the timing between the packets in the data block(s). Timing delays may be used to separate the blocks. The continuous data stream may be received and authenticated by comparing an extracted block authentication code with a new calculated content-based block authentication code.

Abstract: The present patent application comprises a method and apparatus to compile a superposition coded packet by compiling user candidates for superposition coding, ranking the user candidates based on a result of an evaluation function, selecting a deserving user candidate from among the user candidates, and compiling a superposition coded packet by adding other user data packets to a packet of the deserving user data packet, wherein the data packets for the user candidates may conform to a plurality of different formats and wireless communication standards.

Abstract: A system providing a tunnel service capable of data communication between different types of networks. A method of setting an address of a tunnel router in a user node includes: transmitting a message requesting at least one tunnel router address to a tunnel service support server; receiving a message including at least one tunnel router address from the tunnel service support server; and storing the tunnel router address included in the received message. According to the system and method, the address of a tunnel router providing a tunnel service to a user node can be more easily set, and even when the address of the tunnel router changes or a new tunnel router is added, the address of the tunnel router can be easily set without the user manually changing the address of the tunnel router.

Abstract: A correlation unit (32) sequentially obtains correlation values between a baseband signal and a reference signal and outputs the obtained reference signal to a section division unit (33). The output of the correlation unit (32) is divided into symbol time periods by the section division unit (33). A section position detection unit (34) detects a largest correlation value in each of sections resulting from the division by the correlation unit (32) and outputs, to a synchronization judgment unit (35), first position information that indicates a relative position of each detected largest correlation value. The synchronization judgment unit (35) detects an arrival of a packet signal and estimates a symbol timing based on the first position information of the sections.

Abstract: A method for correcting packet errors in a combined stream including steps of receiving a combined and re-packetized transport stream comprising program information for at least two transport streams (A and B), wherein each transport stream (A and B) comprises program information associated with respective distinctive packet IDs (PIDs), detecting an invader packet associated with the combined and re-packetized transport stream A does not belong in the combined and re-packetized transport stream A, offering the invader packet to combined and re-packetized transport stream B in which a gap is detected, and de-combining combined and re-packetized transport stream B such that information from a de-combined version of the invader packet fills a gap in a de-combined version of combined and re-packetized transport stream B.

Abstract: A scrambler performs IQ multiplexing of output signals from a spreader and a distributor in order to generate a complex signal (I signal and Q signal), amplitude coefficients ?cc(I) and ?cc(Q) are determined in accordance with signal powers on I axis and Q axis.

Abstract: Communications from a transmission side to a reception side neither changing the format of voice code data nor requiring another transmission path or increasing the transmission quantity of control information are controlled utilizing information obtained on the reception side. A system includes a first communication equipment provided with a control information embedding unit for embedding control information that is used for a control of communications from a communication partner to the own communication equipment and that is obtained on the own communication equipment side in the communication data to be transmitted to the communication partner side and a second communication equipment provided with a communication control unit for controlling communications to the first communication equipment side using control information transmitted from the first communication equipment.

Abstract: A method of formatting a digital broadcast transport stream packet, a digital broadcast transmitter, and a signal processing method thereof, includes constructing a transport stream packet that includes a stuffing region for an insertion of a known supplementary reference signal (SRS) data therein, randomizing the packet that includes the stuffing region is randomized, and the SRS data is inserted into the stuffing region of the randomized packet. Adding a parity for an error correction to the packet into which the SRS data has been inserted, the packet to which the parity has been added is interleaved, and a trellis encoding of the interleaved packet is performed. Inserting a segment sync signal and a field sync signal into the trellis-encoded packet, and a vestigial side band (VSB) modulation and an RF conversion of the packet are performed to transmit the VSB-modulated and RF-converted packet.

Abstract: A content comprises contiguous blocks containing a program stream and interleaved blocks containing interleaved program streams, wherein the program streams are divided into program units and are readable independently of one another, and the occurrence of consecutive interleaved blocks is forbidden. The content is enhanced as follows. Each program unit of the enhancement program stream is associated with a program unit of the original program stream. The enhancement program stream is interleaved in the content at the program unit level such that enhancement program units are as close as possible to the original program unit they are associated with. The occurrence of consecutive interleaved block is avoided; and the original program units point to the enhancement program units they are associated with.

Abstract: A method for detecting and directing traffic in a network environment is provided that includes receiving a packet included within a communication flow that is initiated by a mobile terminal and setting a flag within the packet. The method further includes directing the packet to a next destination by recognizing that the flag included within the packet was set and therefore is associated with a mobile-to-mobile communication session.

Abstract: A packet flow side channel encoder and decoder embeds and extracts a side channel communication in an overt communication data stream transmitted over a network. The encoder selects more than one group of related packets being transmitted on the network, relates a packet of one group to a packet of another group to form a pair of packets; and delays the timing of at least one packet from each pair of packets The decoder determines inter-packet delays that are the difference in timing between two packets in a pair of packets; determines at least one inter-packet delay difference between two or more determined inter-packet delays; and extracts a bit using the at least one interpacket delay difference.

Abstract: A feed circuit accepts a stream of digital payload data and inserts it at predetermined first positions into a stream of digital transmission data. The feed circuit generates supplementary digital data using the stream of digital payload data and inserts it at predetermined second positions into a stream of digital transmission data. The feed circuit feeds the digital transmission data into a transmission medium. Said circuit determines the supplementary digital data in such a way that at least one frequency's portion of a frequency spectrum of the stream of digital transmission data will be minimized.

Abstract: For eigenmode transmission with minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver spatial processing, a transmitter performs spatial processing on NS data symbol streams with steering vectors to transmit the streams on NS spatial channels of a MIMO channel. The steering vectors are estimates of transmitter steering vectors required to orthogonalize the spatial channels. A receiver derives a spatial filter based on an MMSE criterion and with an estimate of the MIMO channel response and the steering vectors. The receiver (1) obtains NR received symbol streams from NR receive antennas, (2) performs spatial processing on the received symbol streams with the spatial filter to obtain NS filtered symbol streams, (3) performs signal scaling on the filtered symbol streams with a scaling matrix to obtain NS recovered symbol streams, and (4) processes the NS recovered symbol streams to obtain NS decoded data streams for the NS data streams sent by the transmitter.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for inband emergency notification for voice calls by multiplexing at least one emergency signal within an audible data stream and transmitting the audible data stream from a telematic communication unit to a mobile vehicle communication system. The mobile vehicle communication system decodes the emergency signal from the audible data stream and provides an emergency service as a function of the emergency signal.

Abstract: A driving circuit of a display device includes a timing controller for combining p first digital data signals (p being a positive integer greater than 1) corresponding to colors for displaying images to generate q second digital data signals and for supplying the q second digital data signals to first to qth data transmission lines (q being a positive integer smaller than p), and a plurality of data driver integrated circuits for processing the q second digital data signals from the timing controller to restore the p first digital data signals, converting the p restored digital data signals into analog data signals, and supplying the analog data signals to a display panel.

Abstract: Utility data modulation is superimposed on a payload data modulator optical signal by exploiting spread spectrum techniques by virtue of one embodiment of the present invention. Utility data transmission rates of e.g., 200 Kbps, can be achieved without impairment to payload data transmission. The utility data modulated signal spectrum overlaps or is entirely within the payload data modulation spectrum, therefore, overcoming problems with optical amplifier gain control and pink noise.

Abstract: Demodulator architectures for processing a received signal in a wireless communications system. The demodulator includes a number of correlators coupled to a combiner. Each correlator typically receives and despreads input samples (which are generated from the received signal) with a respective despreading sequence to provide despread samples. Each correlator then decovers the despread samples to provide decovered “half-symbols” and further demodulates the decovered half-symbols with pilot estimates to generate correlated symbols. The decovering is performed with a Walsh symbol having a length (T) that is half the length (2T) of a Walsh symbol used to cover the data symbols in the transmitted signal. The combiner selectively combines correlated symbols from the assigned correlators to provide demodulated symbols. One or more correlators can be assigned to process one or more instances of each transmitted signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus encode a source data stream via convolutional encoding. Plural encoded data streams are interleaved and transmitted on plural transmission channels. Data groups generated via convolutional encoding are interleaved via time-interleaving functions to disperse selected bits within puncture groups of the data groups, bits in between data groups, and bits in selected sets of data groups to facilitate reconstruction of the source data stream from at least a portion of the interleaved data stream received on at least one transmission channel. The time-interleaving functions are selected to facilitate reconstruction of the source data stream from one transmission channel following continuous blockage. Subsets of bits of puncture groups are selected to allow reconstruction of the source data stream from more than one of the transmission channels using a minimum number of subsets.