Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to an apparatus and a method for re-synthesizing signals. The apparatus includes a receiver for receiving a plurality of digitally multiplexed signals, each digitally multiplexed signal associated with a different physical transmission channel, and for simultaneously recovering from at least two of the digital multiplexes a plurality of bit streams. The apparatus also includes a transmitter for inserting the plurality of bit streams into different digital multiplexes and for modulating the different digital multiplexes for transmission on different transmission channels. The method involves receiving a first signal having a plurality of different program streams in different frequency channels, selecting a set of program streams from the plurality of different frequency channels, combining the set of program streams to form a second signal, and transmitting the second signal.

Abstract: Throughput between personal computers and the Internet is increased by using inverse multiplexing over local loop telephone lines of different users. The different personal computers share the multiple intersubnetwork connections with each other, so that the efficiency of the use of the intersubnetwork connections is increased. Each of the computers is capable of receiving and/or transmitting inverse-multiplexed data signals over the same plurality of intersubnetwork connections. Preferably, at each computer, use is made of a separate connecting device locally coupled to the computer and an intersubnetwork connection and remotely coupled to one or more other such connecting devices. The connecting devices are placed in different housings, each having a regular connection with a local computer and a wireless transmission connection to corresponding connecting devices in neighboring housings.

Abstract: A method for processing overheads in an optical communication system and a signal processing device are disclosed. The method includes: in a receiving direction, conduct an O/E and S/P conversion for the received optical signal, extract overheads necessary for overheads processing; transmit the overheads in serial; conduct an S/P conversion of the overheads, add fixed reserved overheads, and revert the parallel overheads for overheads processing; in a transmitting direction, generate parallel overheads, extract overheads necessary for overheads processing; transmit the overheads in serial; conduct an S/P conversion of the overheads, revert the overheads, synthesize the overheads with the payload data before the P/S and E/O conversion, and generate and transmit the optical signal. In accordance with the disclosed method and device, a serial bus is employed to transmit overheads, which reduces the number of buses on the motherboard and lowers the complexity of system design.

Abstract: A receive device includes a plurality of demodulators and a tunnel destination. The demodulators are configured to receive multiple data streams, each of the multiple data streams having a bit rate that is lower than a bit rate of a transmit data stream. The tunnel destination is configured to recombine the multiple data streams to provide a receive data stream having a bit rate equal to the bit rate of the transmit data stream. At least one of multiple radio frequency channels is connected to a legacy user between a transmit site and the receive device.

Abstract: A method and device for distributing both high-speed data service, such as digital computer, video and multimedia data, and lower speed data service, such as POTS voice telephone signals, throughout a customer premises. High-speed digital data and lower speed POTS voice signals are separated by a POTS splitter and distributed throughout the customer premises on separate distribution networks. The lower speed POTS is carried on a wireless distribution network and the high-speed data carried on the existing customer premises wiring ordinarily used for POTS.

Abstract: System and methods are provided for multiplexing digital data. In accordance with certain implementations, a method is provided that includes coordinating transmission of digital data elements of a packet including digital data elements arranged 1 . . . n. The coordinating step may include transmitting a first stream of data elements stored in memory, starting with data element 1 of the packet and proceeding upward through the data elements of the packet in sequential order, and transmitting a second stream of data elements stored in the memory, starting with data element n of the packet and proceeding downward through the data elements of the packet in sequential order, wherein transmitting of the first stream and the second stream is attempted to be performed during the same time. The method may also include terminating any sending of the first and second streams of data elements when the entire packet has been received.

Abstract: A method of sending data from a transmit site to a receive device includes dividing a first transmit data stream having a first bit rate into multiple data streams with each of the multiple data streams having a bit rate that is lower than the first bit rate. Each of the multiple data streams is transmitted over a cable network having multiple radio frequency channels. The multiple data streams are recombined at the receive device to provide a receive data stream having a bit rate equal to the first bit rate. A second transmit data stream is transmitted over one of the radio frequency channels to a legacy user connected to the one radio frequency channel between the transmit site and the receive device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system and method for transmitting audio data in a combined cabin management system in an aircraft with the steps: playing back entertainment programs and providing communications possibilities with an entertainment system (1), which is connected to several first audio data sources (3) and to several first audio playback devices (4), setting and displaying cabin parameters with a control system (2), which is connected to several second audio data sources (8) and to several second audio playback devices (9), transmitting audio data between the control system (2) and the entertainment system (1) with several audio channels (6) each with a coding device (5) and a decoding device (7) respectively.

Abstract: Aspects of a system for physical layer aggregation may include one or more switch ICs and/or physical (PHY) layer ICs that enable reception of data packets via a medium access control (MAC) layer protocol entity. Each of the received data packets may be fragmented into a plurality of fragment payloads. Each of the plurality of fragment payloads may be sent to a PHY layer protocol entity instance a physical layer protocol entity instance selected from a plurality of physical layer protocol entity instances.

Abstract: A communications network gateway receives a stream of information formatted to be compatible with a first sub-network and it receives a stream of information formatted to be compatible with a second sub-network. The frames in the second stream are extracted and modified to be compatible with the transmission format of the first sub-network. The two streams of information are then aggregated for transmission over a logical network link in a manner that optimizes the bandwidth utilization of the overall communications network.

Abstract: At a transmitter, an ATM cell stream is received from the ATM layer and is distributed on a cell-by-cell bases across multiple DSL PHY's. At the receiver, the cells from each DSL PHY are re-combined in the appropriate order to recreate the original ATM cell stream, which is then passed to the ATM layer.

Abstract: A digital broadcast transmitting/receiving system and a method for processing data are disclosed. The method for processing data may enhance the receiving performance of the receiving system by performing additional coding and multiplexing processes on the traffic information data and transmitting the processed data. Thus, robustness is provided to the traffic information data, thereby enabling the data to respond strongly against the channel environment which is always under constant and vast change.

Abstract: This invention relates to a data transmitting apparatus and a data receiving apparatus, which multiplexes and transmits HD-SDI signals, and which receives the multiplexed and transmitted HD-SDI signals. The data transmitting apparatus is characterized by being equipped with a parallel data forming section which forms word string data De based on HD-SDI signals DHS of n channels, a data multiplexing section which obtains multiplex word string data Dm based on De, a multiple channel data forming section which forms bit string data DSX of m channels from Dm, a data multiplexing and P/S converting section which forms bit string data DTG based on DSX and in which a bit rate is set to 10 Gb/s or more, and an electric photo converting section which sends away DTG.

Abstract: A method for controlling the voltage of signals used to control power amplifiers is described. A first multiplexer and a second multiplexer are set to an enabling signal. The first multiplexer is on a first integrated circuit and the second multiplexer is on a second integrated circuit. A command is written to the first multiplexer to set the first multiplexer to one of a plurality of control signals used to control a power amplifier. A command is written to the second multiplexer to select one of the plurality of control signals that maps to the first multiplexer. The second integrated circuit is connected to a power supply.

Abstract: In a digital broadcasting signal receiving/recording/reproducing apparatus, a recorded program can be immediately reproduced without performing complicated operations. Only a desired program and information related to the desired program are separated to be extracted from the digital broadcasting signal. Then, the separated/extracted broadcasting signal is supplied to a recording/reproducing apparatus. In the recording/reproducing apparatus, the supplied broadcasting signal is recorded, and the recorded program can be immediately reproduced without complicated manipulating operations during the signal reproducing operation.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods are provided to enhance transmitting and receiving video data streams with feedback information over a lossy and/or congested network. The systems, apparatus, and methods may optimize retransmission for lost packets or lost data frames. Optimizations are also provided to select reference frames in a data stream so that block errors are contained when RPS is used to encode data frames. Optimization in decoding may include reconstructing high-resolution data frames from low-resolution data frames.

Abstract: A transmitter generates MUX-PDUs for video, audio, data, and/or control streams based on a fixed PHY packet size such that all or a substantial percentage of the MUX-PDUs conform to the PHY packet size. The MUX-PDUs have variable sizes and are mapped to PHY packets such that (1) each MUX-PDU that is smaller than the PHY packet size is sent in one PHY packet and (2) each MUX-PDU that is larger than the PHY packet size is sent in a minimum number of PHY packets. Each MUX-PDU is padded with one or more null MUX-PDUs and/or one or more padding bytes, if needed, to obtain the PHY packet size. Each PHY packet is sent in one transmission time interval (TTI) to a receiver. The receiver performs the complementary processing on the received PHY packets to recover the MUX-PDUs. The receiver forwards each valid MUX-PDU and discards any padding.

Abstract: A transmission system includes a transmission apparatus and a receiving apparatus for repeatedly transmitting and receiving a frame with plural time slots at a constant frequency, in which digital audio data of plural channels and auxiliary data required to playback the digital audio data are transmitted using previously allocated time slots. A multiplexer is provided for multiplexing, assuming an area made up of previously allocated time slots that are included in respective frames amounting to a number of a multiple of n as block data when the predetermined encryption unit is n bytes. The digital audio data and the auxiliary data are allocated as the block data wherein the auxiliary data is allocated to the time slots that are located at the same positions of respective plural frames within the block data, and the digital audio data is allocated in the time slots that are located at the same position in the respective frames amounting to the number of a multiple of n in the block data.

Abstract: A network-on-chip interconnects an array of integrated circuit resources. The network-on-chip includes at least one vertical communications ring per column of the array and at least one horizontal communications ring per row of the array. A network interface is associated with each resource of the array and operates to interface the communications rings with each other and the resource with the communications rings. A ring hop is provided at each network interface and for each communications ring thereat. Each ring hop functions as an add/drop multiplexer with respect to inserting packets onto the associated communications ring and extracting packets from the associated communications ring. Packets are communicated over the vertical/horizontal rings using a logical transport channel that flows in a cyclic manner through the communications ring without interruption.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an algorithm for dividing a link into one or more reduced-width links. For one embodiment of the invention, a multiplexing scheme is employed to effect a bit transmission order required by a particular cyclic redundancy check. The multiplexed output bits are then swizzled on-chip to reduce on-board routing congestion.

Abstract: A scrambler performs IQ multiplexing of output signals from a spreader and a distributor in order to generate a complex signal (I signal and Q signal), amplitude coefficients ?cc(I) and ?cc(Q) are determined in accordance with signal powers on I axis and Q axis.

Abstract: A digital broadcasting system and a data processing method are disclosed. The method includes receiving a data processing method includes receiving a broadcast signal in which main service data and mobile service data are multiplexed, acquiring transmission-parameter-channel signaling information including transmission parameter information of the mobile service data, and fast-information-channel signaling information, acquiring binding information describing a relationship between at least one ensemble transferring the mobile service data and a first virtual channel contained in the at least one ensemble by decoding the fast-information-channel, and acquiring status information of the first virtual channel, displaying content data contained in the mobile service data according to the binding information and the status information of the first virtual channel.

Abstract: A method for detecting data frame mode mismatch errors may include receiving a data frame that includes an overhead byte. It may be determined whether a value associated with the overhead byte indicates that a transmitting device operating mode matches a receiving device operating mode. In an additional implementation, it may be determined whether a value associated with the overhead byte indicates that a transmitting device output port matches a receiving device input port. An alarm may be generated when it is determined that the value associated with the overhead byte indicates that either the transmitting device operating mode does not match the receiving device operating mode or the transmitting device output port does not match the receiving device input port.

Abstract: A broadband switched multiplexer comprising an input broadband demultiplexer (2) comprising a broadband input port (4) for receiving an input broadband signal and at least one output port (5) having a passband; an output broadband multiplexer (3) comprising at least two input ports (6) and a broadband output port (7), each input port having a different passband, each input port passband overlapping a different portion of the demultiplexer output port passband; the demultiplexer output port being in electrical communication with the multiplexer input ports by signal paths (8), each signal path having a switch (13) for opening and closing the path therein.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus that addresses and resolves the issues currently affecting the ability to offer Enhanced TV, in particular, those issues concerning timing and synchronization, interaction with other modules in the STB, and distribution.

Abstract: The method for transporting LAN signal in an OTN is provided by embodiments of the present invention includes mapping a LAN signal into an adaptation protocol frame; mapping the adaptation protocol frame into a virtual concatenation group comprising at least one 1 Gbps level Optical Channel Data Unit (ODU); multiplying the 1 Gbps level ODU in the virtual concatenation group into a higher order ODU; mapping the higher order ODU into a higher order Optical Channel Transport Unit (OTU); and outputting the higher order OTU to the OTN. Embodiments of the present invention improve the bandwidth utilization rate while implementing the transparent transporting of the LAN signal in the OTN.

Abstract: In the wireless communication base station sharing apparatus, a first signal combiner/distributor is connected to a main system duplexer through a first port, distributes a signal received through the first port to second and third ports, combines the signals received through the second and third ports according to the phases of the signals, and provides the combined signal through the first port or a fourth port. A second signal combiner/distributor is connected to a subsystem duplexer through a fifth port and the antenna through an eighth port, distributes a signal received through the fifth port to sixth and seventh ports, combines the signals received through the sixth and seventh ports according to the phases of the signals, and provides the combined signal through the fifth or eighth port. Variable filters are provided in signal paths between the first and second signal combiner/distributors.

Abstract: A device (200) that is presently rendering human communications content (202) via a corresponding human communication interface (203) will also passively wirelessly transmit information (103) regarding an existing native capability regarding also wirelessly transmitting the human communication content. Upon receiving (in response to that passive transmission) information (105) regarding an existing other device's (205) capability of also rendering that human communication content, this device can then switch (106) present rendering of the human communication content from the first device to the second device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for demultiplexing sampled data at a first data rate on a data line using a non-standard demultiplex mode is achieved by first demultiplexing the sampled data using a standard, factor of two, demultiplex mode, to produce n data lines at 1/n time the first data rate, and then down-converting n data lines to m data lines at 1/m times the first data rate to produce the non-standard demultiplex mode. As a specific example sampled data is demultiplexed using a standard 4× mode and then converted to a non-standard 3× mode.

Abstract: An IS-OFDM system for point-to-point wireless communications that suppresses narrow-band interference comprises an IS-OFDM transmitter and an IS-OFDM receiver, wherein a transmitted signal comprises a plurality of subcarriers, and further wherein each subcarrier contains more than one and potentially all symbols transmitted in a given frame. The IS-OFDM transmitted signal is at a data rate that is equal to the data rate of the input data stream via the use of P/S converters.

Abstract: High-speed serial data transceiver circuitry on a programmable logic device (“PLD”) includes some channels that are able to operate at data rates up to a first, relatively low maximum data rate, and other channels that are able to operate at data rates up to a second, relatively high maximum data rate. The relatively low-speed channels are served by relatively low-speed phase locked loop (“PLL”) circuitry, and have other circuit components that are typically needed for handling data that is transmitted at relatively low data rates. The relatively high-speed channels are served by relatively high-speed PLLs, and have other circuit components that are typically needed for handling data that is transmitted at relatively high data rates.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an Ethernet access device and method thereof. The device includes at least two downlink physical port units, a multiplex/demultiplex unit and an uplink physical port unit. The downlink physical port unit is adapted to convert between a low-speed physical layer signal input to/output from the access device and a low-speed physical layer load carried therein; the uplink physical port unit is adapted to convert a high-speed physical layer signal input to/output from the access device and a high-speed physical layer load carried therein; and the multiplex/demultiplex unit is adapted to multiplex and demultiplex between the low-speed physical layer load of the downlink physical port unit and the high-speed physical layer load of the uplink physical port unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, devices, and systems that provide the ability to playback multiple VoIP audio streams simultaneously with a single RTP session and further provides the ability to conference all streams together prior to transmission. More specifically, the present invention focuses on the transport layer and sample-based multiplexing employed to provide this capability.

Abstract: A local area network (60) within a residence or other building, including both wired (5) and non-wired segments (53). The wired segments are based on new or existing wires (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e) in the building, wherein access to the wires is provided by means of outlets (61a, 61d), such as a telephone system, electrical power distribution system, or cable television wiring system. The non-wired segments are based on communication using propagated waves such as radio, sound, or light (e.g. infrared). The wired and non-wired segments interface in the outlet, using a module (50) that serves as mediator between the segments. The module can be integrated into the outlet, partially housed in the outlet, or attached externally to the outlet. Such a network allows for integrated communication of data units (24b) connected by wires and data units (24a, 24d) connected without wires.

Abstract: In a method for power reduction at a receiver, a first radio frame is processed to recover transmitted data based on transport format information. The transport format information is determined based on a combination of transport format information associated with a plurality of received radio frames rather than a single frame. In another method for power reduction at a receiver, whether transport format information associated with a first radio frame is different from transport format information associated with a second radio frame is determined. The transport channel data is then processed based on the determination. The first radio frame is received prior to the second radio frame, and the transport format information indicates a transport format for transport channel data received in the first and second radio frames.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for rate matching is described. During operation of a transmitter, multiple data streams are received and individually interleaved with a permutation of a same length K?. A permutation (?p0) of a second stream is the same as a permutation (?sys) of a first stream and a permutation (?p1) of a third stream is different from the permutation of the first stream. Each element of ?p1 is derived from the corresponding element of ?sys. The plurality of interleaved streams are multiplexed to form a circular buffer. Finally, data is transmitted from the circular buffer.

Abstract: A retransmission apparatus using an IP multicasting method for a DMB service including a plurality (n) of radio frequency (RF) receivers, each for receiving a DMB RF signal of a corresponding channel, a plurality (n) of DMB decoders, each for outputting a transport stream (TS) by decoding the DMB RF signal received from a corresponding RF receiver, a plurality (n) of slicers, each for processing the TS input from a corresponding DMB decoder; a plurality (n) of network interfacers, each for IP packetizing the TS sliced by a corresponding slicer; a network switch for receiving the IP packets from the plurality (n) of network interfacers, transferring the received IP packets to a multicasting processing unit, and receiving multicasting data from the multicasting processing unit, and the multicasting processing unit for receiving the IP packets from the network switch, creating a single piece of multicasting data by assigning multicasting addresses to the received IP packets, and outputting the created multicasti

Abstract: Presented herein are system(s), method(s), and apparatus for rapid switching between streams of data. In one embodiment, there is described a circuit for providing media. The circuit comprises a multiplexed stream processor, a queue, and a decoder. The multiplexed stream processor receives a multiplexed stream and filtering at least one elementary stream. The queue queues the at least one elementary stream. The decoder decodes the at least one elementary stream. The multiplexed stream processor filters at least another elementary stream instead of at least one elementary stream after issuance of a command to switch from the at least one elementary stream to the at least another elementary stream. The queue stores a portion of the at least one elementary stream after issuance of the command, said portion of the at least one elementary stream being written into the queue before issuance of the command.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus is disclosed, which performs positive/negative stuffing with 8-bit/10-bit (8B/10B) codes being kept intact while retaining the normality of 8B/10B codes and the continuity of running disparity (RD) without termination of 8B/10B codes of a plurality of Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) signals received. The apparatus then executes multiplexing and separation after synchronization of the plurality of signals, thereby achieving the “transparent” transport of management information which is contained in the 8B10B codes between user devices.

Abstract: A digital broadcast receiving system and a method for controlling the same are disclosed. The method a method for controlling a digital broadcast receiving system includes the steps of receiving a broadcast signal having mobile service data and main service data multiplexed therein, extracting transmission parameter channel (TPC) signaling information and fast information channel (FIC) signaling information from a data group within the received mobile service data, acquiring a program table, by using the IP signaling channel within an ensemble included in the received broadcast signal, and controlling the system to create a list of channels mapped with all ensembles transmitted through at least one physical frequency, by using the acquired program table.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a transmission time interval signal in a cellular network is described. A multiplexed data signal is received. A demultiplexer is applied to the data signal. The data signal from the demultiplexer is encoded. A linear transform is applied to the data signal. A plurality of uplink transmission time interval signals, which include the data signal, are reformatted. The placement of one or more reference signals are staggered within each of the plurality of transmission time interval signals. Each of the plurality of uplink transmission time interval signals are transmitted.

Abstract: An add/drop multiplexer where a first signal converter converts first-low-order-group signals received from DSn network, into high-order-group signals, which are transferred to SDH (SONET) network and to which second-low-order-group signals, slower in transmission speed than the first-low-order-group signals are added. A second signal converter converts high-order-group signals, received from SDH (SONET) network, into first-low-order-group signals. A selector selectively outputs first-low-order-group signals received from the DSn network, or first-low-order-group signals obtained by the second signal converter, as the input signals to the first signal converter.

Abstract: Systems and methods for conveying multiple low-bit-rate data streams over a data transport medium which is configured to transport data in a single, high-bit-rate data stream. In one embodiment, a plurality of low-bit-rate signals are received and a corresponding data rate is determined. Each of the signals is formatted in frames comprising a payload and overhead data. The high-bit-rate signal is also formatted in frames comprising a payload and overhead data, but the frames (including payload and overhead) contain more bits than those of the low-bit-rate frames. The payloads of the low-bit-rate frames are mapped into the payloads of the high-bit-rate frames. The overhead and timing data of the low-bit-rate frames are mapped into the unused portion of the overhead of the high-bit-rate frames. After the high-bit-rate signal is transported, the payload, overhead and timing data of each of the low-bit-rate signals is extracted, and the corresponding signals are reproduced.

Abstract: The invention provides for systems, methods, and a transport re-encapsulator/tagger for delivering streaming media to customer premises equipment. A digital streaming media system broadcasts streaming media to provider networks which use middleware which has certain requirements for the transport encapsulation and tagging of headers of the streaming media. The invention provides for re-encapsulating/tagging of media broadcasts having one type of transport encapsulation/tagging into a type of transport encapsulation/tagging required by the middleware.

Abstract: Telecommunication equipment of the present invention includes a switch for receiving data from a plurality of ports and inserting a unique port identifier in the data from each port to identify the source port of the data. The equipment also includes a multiplexer coupled to the switch and operable to multiplex the data from the plurality of ports into a single serial data stream. A method of the present invention includes the steps of receiving data from a plurality of ports, adding a unique port identifier to the data from each port to identify the port from which the data came, and multiplexing the data from the plurality of ports into a single data stream for transmission.

Abstract: A data communication system for communicating one or more payload streamed data signals and an auxiliary data signal, the auxiliary data signal being arranged as one or more data packets according to a data packet protocol, each packet having a packet destination address. The system includes at least two data handling nodes, a transmitting one of the data handling nodes arranged to transmit data to a receiving one of the data handling nodes, and a transmission data formatter associated with the transmitting node for formatting the packets of the auxiliary data signal into a streamed data signal format and for multiplexing the payload streamed data signals and the formatted auxiliary data signal into a bitstream for transmission. The system further includes a received data reformatter associated with the receiving node for demultiplexing the input streamed data signals and the formatted auxiliary data signal and for reformatting the auxiliary data signal into packets according to the data packet protocol.

Abstract: An approach is provided for supporting signal acquisition and frame synchronization in a digital broadcast system utilizing Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes. Hierarchical modulation is utilized to provide backward compatibility, whereby the lower layer signal is encoded using LDPC coding. A signal is received, whereby the signal is modulated according to the hierarchical modulation scheme including an upper layer and a lower layer. The signal includes a data pattern and a coded frame. The dependency of the received signal on the upper layer modulation is removed. The modulation removed signal is correlated with multiple predetermined data patterns to determine the data pattern of the signal. The code rate of the coded frame is derived based on the determined data pattern. The above arrangement is particularly suited to a digital satellite broadcast system.

Abstract: In generation of a system header included in an program stream of extended MPEG-2 Systems, when a basic stream ID is an extension ID and basic buffer size information represents 0 byte, extension buffer size information expressed by a total of 24 bits of an extension ID, a marker bit and an extension stream ID and a total of 24 bits including an extension stream ID, a marker bit and extension buffer bound scale information and required for reproduction of an elementary stream to be multiplexed using a pair of an extension ID and an extension stream ID is generated and recorded.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to an apparatus and method for performing frequency translation. The apparatus includes a receiver for receiving and digitizing a plurality of first signals, each signal containing channels and for simultaneously recovering a set of selected channels from the plurality of first signals. The apparatus also includes a transmitter for combining the set of selected channels to produce a second signal. The method of the present invention includes receiving a first signal containing a plurality of different channels, selecting a set of selected channels from the plurality of different channels, combining the set of selected channels to form a second signal and transmitting the second signal.

Abstract: A data transfer circuit is provided for sending digital data at high rates across short but significant distances within an integrated circuit. The data is sent on parallel conductors that are divided into a number of groups. At the receiving end, a multiplexer selects each of the groups in turn and presents them at a set of conductors that are the same in number as one of the groups. At the transmitting end, a data marshalling circuit takes the bitstream to be transmitted and places it on the conductors in a particular redundant fashion so that the bitstream appears to advance across the set of outputs of the multiplexer. That is particularly useful where those outputs are presented to a pre-emphasis filter and line driver. The apparent data rate can be changed by making two or more of the groups of conductors have identical data.