Abstract: A cooling system to cool a surface of a tilting metallurgical furnace including an inner plate of the surface, a plurality of nozzles, and a drain manifold is disclosed. The inner plate has an external surface and an internal surface. The plurality of nozzles is configured to be fluidly connected to a coolant supply pipe. At least a first nozzle of the plurality of spray conduits is configured to spray coolant against the external surface of the inner plate. The drain manifold positioned to receive coolant from the external surface of the inner plate. At least a second nozzle of the plurality of nozzles is configured to spray coolant directly into the drain manifold.

Abstract: An arc furnace having a furnace vessel for melting steel, a cover for closing the furnace vessel and a pivot unit with which the cover can be moved away from the furnace vessel in which the furnace vessel is mounted so as to be movable in the vertical direction relative to the pivot unit, and the pivot unit has a holder for releasably fixing the cover in the vertical direction.

Abstract: An arc furnace having a furnace vessel for melting steel, a cover for closing the furnace vessel and a pivot unit by means of which the cover can be moved away from the furnace vessel in which the furnace vessel is mounted so as to be movable in the vertical direction relative to the pivot unit, and the pivot unit has a holder for releasably fixing the cover in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A roof system for an electric arc furnace includes a skew removably attached to the electric arc furnace, a lining of refractory material affixed to the skew, and a delta composed of a refractory material. The delta has at least one aperture capable of receiving an electrode. The delta fits onto and is supported by the refractory lining that is affixed to the skew.

Abstract: A high temperature industrial furnace roof system having first and second spaced apart hanger brick rows with a filler row disposed therebetween and a cable system including a plurality of electrical cables. The filler row includes a plurality of filler elements having at least one removable heating module with a heat source. The cable system operatively connects the heat source with a power source and permits the removable heating module to be removed from the respective filler element while the respective heat source remains operatively connected with the power source.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a roof for an electric furnace. The roof includes: a small-ceiling seating port (120) which has a small-ceiling seating surface (122) and a small-ceiling support surface (124) that extends from the small-ceiling seating surface inwards and downwards; and a large ceiling (130) which has an upper roof panel (132) that radially extends from the small-ceiling seating port at a downward inclination angle, a lower roof panel (134) disposed below the upper roof panel at a position spaced apart from the upper roof panel, and a side roof panel (136) connected to the upper roof panel and the lower roof panel. The upper roof panel is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the small-ceiling seating port, and the lower roof panel is connected to a lower end of the small-ceiling support surface so that the inclination angle of the lower roof panel can be increased.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a roof for a ladle furnace which can be compatible with a dust collection elbow or with a dust collection hood. The roof according to the present invention includes a side part (102) which has a vertical cylindrical shape, and a cover part (104) which covers an upper end of the side part. A first seating hole (110) is formed in a central portion of the cover part, and a second seating hole (112) is formed in the cover part at a position adjacent to the first seating hole. A small ceiling (160) or a dust collection hood (170) is selectively seated into the first seating hole. A dust collection elbow (180) or a water cooling panel (190) is selectively seated into the second seating hole.

Abstract: The invention refers to an industrial furnace cover. Such a furnace can be, i.a., any metallurgical melting and/or treatment vessel, for example an electric arc furnace.

Abstract: A lift and pivot device for a cover of a furnace including a guide housing having a base plate, a rotatably mounted slide roller, and a vertical opening; a lift pin that can be lifted and lowered inside the vertical opening; a lift cylinder for lifting and lowering the lift pin, the lift cylinder being articulated to the lift pin at one end as well as articulated and rotatably connected to the base plate at the other end; and a guide frame for carrying the cover. The guide frame includes a support arm, wherein an upper end of the support arm is equipped for connection to the cover and includes a lift nose having a lift eye which is in engagement with an end of the lift pin facing away from the lift cylinder. The support arm at the other end thereof has a slide plate.

Abstract: This invention relates to an industrial furnace roof filler element to allow replacement of a failed heat source during operation. The filler element can include a lower portion, a module, an aperture, a protuberance, a bore and/or a heat source. This invention also relates to a method of operation for an industrial furnace wherein a failed heat source is replaced during operation of the industrial furnace.

Abstract: This invention concerns an electric arc furnace comprising a chamber suitable for containing molten steel; a roof suitable for covering the chamber and for containing a mass of scrap steel; electrodes suitable for melting the mass of scrap, and means of support on a base. The latter means are such as to support the chamber and permit its oscillation around a horizontal axis of rotation. The roof and the chamber are counterprofiled in correspondence to the respective interface walls to create a rotoidal type coupling with regard to the axis of rotation. The roof, during oscillation of the chamber, remains fixed with regard to the base as well as in a closed position with regard to the chamber.

Abstract: The present invention is based on a novel electric induction furnace design that enables the removal of zinc-containing filter dust (FD) originating from the production of steel (alloy or non-alloy) and the production of cast iron with galvanized steel scrap, using a novel process based on the carbothermal reduction of the metal oxides present in the FD, performed at the temperature at which the materials are melted inside the electric induction furnace. The electric induction furnace of the invention incorporates an electric arc or plasma beam generator to melt all the inorganic non-metallic material. The incorporation of this generator also enables the use of large volumes of molten slag.

Abstract: A roof system for an electric arc furnace includes a skew removably attached to the electric arc furnace, a lining of refractory material affixed to the skew, and a delta composed of a refractory material. The delta has at least one aperture capable of receiving an electrode. The delta fits onto and is supported by the refractory lining that is affixed to the skew.

Abstract: To increase the efficiency in a furnace installation for melting down metallic or metal-containing charge materials, where an electrode system with a roof (6) for operating the melting-down process mainly with secondary energy can be swung into position on a lower shell part (14, 15) of a furnace (A, B), an upper shell part (17) can be swung into position on the lower shell part (14, 15) to form a premelting vessel (16). The upper shell part (17) includes a vessel wall (18) that substantially upwardly extends the vessel wall of the lower shell part (14, 15) in and additionally has a roof (7).

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for carbothermically producing aluminum are disclosed. The systems may include a reactor and an electrical supply. The reactor may include a plurality of side-entering electrodes and a top-entering electrode. The electrical supply may be operable to supply multiphase current to the side-entering electrodes and/or the top-entering electrodes. The electrodes may be in communication with a molten bath of the reactor, and the multiphase current supplied thereto may be passed through the bath to heat the reactor. The amount of current supplied to various electrode sets may be adjusted to facilitate tailored heating of the molten bath.

Abstract: An electric arc roof furnace top contains a central portion and a peripheral portion surrounding the central portion. Each of these portions has an inner surface suitable for facing the furnace inner space. The inner surfaces of the peripheral and central portions form together a step so as to raise the inner surface of the central portion in relation to the inner surface of the peripheral portion with respect to the furnace inner space.

Abstract: A refractory brick having a plurality of segments positioned along a longitudinal axis of the refractory brick. Each segment has at least two arcuate recesses and at least two arcuate ridges. The recesses of a first segment of the segments are positioned at a radial offset with respect to the recesses of a second segment which is adjacent the first segment. A plurality of refractory bricks are interlocked with respect to each other to form a refractory construction.

Abstract: The invention concerns a replacement method and a device for assembling and disassembling modules of an electric arc furnace. Said method consists in lifting and pivoting the furnace cover or in only lifting it; when disassembling, it consists in removing the agent and power supply ducts as well as the instrument leads of the upper container (3) and/or of the lower container (2) and, after assembling in connecting them. The invention aims at enabling use of a low-power load crane and in significantly reducing replacement time. Therefor, once the lower container has been detached (2), the upper container (3) remains in its position, or once the energy agent supply ducts and the instrument leads have been detached, the upper container is lifted and detached by the loading crane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for producing steel. The invention device comprises a container (1, 101, 201). The metal used is molten, blown and refined in said container which comprises an upper component (5, 205) having at least one opening, a lower component (2, 202) and means for tapping the melt and slag from the container. Electrodes (21) can be charged into the container through said opening. The aim of the invention is to improve said device in such a way that said device can be constructed in a more simple manner in comparison with known devices. A bottom tapping system is provided for tapping the melt and optionally the slag.

Abstract: A system for supporting and cooling a furnace roof comprised of refractory bricks comprises a plurality of roof support members extending across the furnace and being supported from above the furnace roof. The support members are provided with internal channels for circulation of a cooling fluid, and are provided with side surfaces adapted to support rows or refractory bricks between adjacent roof support members. The system eliminates the need to suspend individual bricks from above the roof, and provides simultaneous support and cooling of the roof structure.

Abstract: A metal-made water-cooling jacket for electric arc furnaces, characterized by comprising an Al diffusion layer having a thickness ranging from 200 to 800 &mgr;m, the Al concentration of the outermost surface of the Al diffusion layer being from 10 to 50 wt. %, formed on the surface of the metal by calorizing treatment.

Abstract: Device to take in fumes and cool the roof (10) of electric furnaces. The device has a central aperture (11) into which an electrode can be inserted and a peripheral aperture (12) to take in and discharge the fumes. The device also has a first cooling system (13) for a central zone surrounding, and cooperating with, the central aperture (11), and a second system (15) to take in and convey the fumes. The first cooling system (13) includes a circular cyclone chamber (18) having a plurality of turns (19) able to cool the zone surrounding the central aperture (11).

Abstract: A refractory hanger brick for high temperature industrial furnace roof construction having an elongated upwardly extending refractory portion having a generally rectangular cross section and a lower refractory base portion having a generally rectangular lower face, each side of the base portion having a base length greater than a corresponding side of the elongated upwardly extending refractory portion so as to provide support for insulating material and/or adjacent filler bricks. The upper end of the elongated upwardly extending refractory portion distal from the lower refractory base portion forms a hanger recess along opposite sides of the upper end. At least one generally laterally extending lug is disposed above each of the hanger recesses to retain the hanger in a fixed position and to provide at least one hanger position along the upper end opposite sides.

Abstract: A roof (3) for a metallurgical ladle/furnace (L.A.F) (1) comprising a self-supporting structure of metallic pipework (4) defining at least one flow circuit for cooling water, with a lower end having a circular peripheral flange (A), with a cylindrical body member (c) of smaller diameter than the flange (A) located above the flange (A) (in use away from the ladle/furnace), and is provided with an end wall (14) having a plurality of apertures (14) each to receive, in a gas-tight manner, a carbon electrode (8), and an aperture (5) for fume extraction provided in the arcuate wall (16) of the cylindrical body member.

Abstract: Device to take in fumes and cool the roof (10) of electric furnaces. The device has a central aperture (11) into which an electrode can be inserted and a peripheral aperture (12) to take in and discharge the fumes. The device also has a first cooling system (13) for a central zone surrounding, and cooperating with, the central aperture (11), and a second system (15) to take in and convey the fumes. The first cooling system (13) includes a circular cyclone chamber (18) having a plurality of turns (19) able to cool the zone surrounding the central aperture (11).

Abstract: A cooled roof for electric arc furnaces (20) or ladle furnaces (29). The roof being used as a covering element and including a cooling system comprising tubes fed with cooling fluid. The roof including at least a central aperture (25) for the positioning and movement of the electrodes (30) and at least a peripheral aperture (14) for the aspiration and discharge of fumes. The aperture (14) being connected to intake systems. The roof including two single-block cooling structures, inner (1) and outer (12), consisting of respective bent tubes (15, 16) developing according to adjacent and superimposed rings or spirals. The inner (11) and outer (12) cooling structures being associated with one another at least in correspondence with the respective bases facing towards the inside of the furnace (20, 29). Between the inner cooling structure (11) and the outer cooling structure (12) there being defined an annular interspace (13) in which the fumes circulate in an annular direction and slow down.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method for collecting fumes from an arc furnace of the type typically used in metal foundries. The system provides an electrode hood with extended sides for improved collection of fumes from the vicinity of the electrodes. It also provides a movable spout hood for collection of fumes when metal is tapped. The furnace is tilted when metal is tapped. A tilting duct is connected to provide a path for emissions drawn into the hood on the furnace. The tilting duct moves with the furnace. A stationary duct leads to the bag house. The tilting duct and stationary duct meet at an interface and have facing openings that maintain a path for collecting fumes throughout the entire range of motion of the furnace. The stationary duct has a group of dampers that open and close as the furnace tilts to limit air intake to the portion of the stationary duct opening that is adjacent the tilting duct opening.

Abstract: System to plug the roof of an electric arc furnace having a main chamber or melting volume arranged below the roof and at least one electrode introduced into the main chamber, the system comprising an upper element or auxiliary roof element arranged on the top of the roof and shaped so as to define an inner chamber and at least a central aperture through which the electrode can be moved, the auxiliary roof element consisting of a plurality of pipes inside which a cooling fluid circulates under pressure.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for the production of steel utilizing a single vessel for the electric arc smelting of scrap, directly reduced iron or pig iron in solid form, and for the oxygen blowing of the resulting melt through an oxygen lance introduced via a tower-shaped part of the roof. Another part of the roof can pivot to allow charging of the furnace with solids and the tower can be provided with a funnel enabling a molten iron charge to be fed to the furnace.

Abstract: Spray cooled roof assembly for a metallurgical vessel, e.g. an electric arc furnace, comprising two spray cooled components, one of which covers a major portion of the furnace, and the other component of the roof assembly having an integral spray cooled extension for the removal of heated gases from the furnace.

Abstract: Device to cool the roof (10) in electric arc furnaces, of the type comprising a plurality of contiguous panels (27) disposed to cover at least a substantial part of the inner circumferential periphery of the roof (10), each of the panels (27) consisting of at least one pipe (11) wherein cooling fluids circulate, the roof (10) having at least one central aperture (35) to insert, position and move the electrodes (28) and at least one peripheral aperture, or fourth hole (16) to vent the fumes from inside the furnace, each cooled panel (27) covering its own defined arc of the inner circumferential ring of the roof (10) and comprising a spiral-shaped cooling pipe (11), the coils (15) of the spiral lying on respective vertical planes disposed substantially radially with respect to the center of the roof (10), the coils (15) defining a first outer layer (17) and a second inner layer (18) of pipes (11), the first outer layer (17) and second inner layer (18) being separated by a hollow space (19) lying on a plane suit

Abstract: Fume intake and cooling device for intake conduits (11,111,211) in electric arc furnaces (26a,26b), comprising a containing structure (28) associated at one end (12) with an aperture on the roof of the furnace and connected at the second end (13) with an intake and filter system (27), the containing structure (28) having, in cooperation with its inner sidewalls, cooling means, the cooling means comprising a pipe (14), which is spiral shaped and has turns (16) lying on a plane substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the conduits (11,111,211), the turns (16) being distanced with respect to each other in such a way as to form interstices (20) between adjacent turns (16), the interstices (20) through which the fumes pass serving to anchor the slag.

Abstract: Spray cooled roof for a metallurgical furnace in the form of an assembly of separate hollow metal sections, each of which has a separate spray cooling system.

Abstract: A process for smelting steel is implemented in an electric arc furnace of the type including a vessel containing a bath of molten steel, a roof resting on top of the said vessel and a single roof electrode or a plurality of roof electrodes lying within a circle. In the process an oxygenic gas in the form of gas jets is blasted into the vessel toward the surface of the bath, so that the areas of impact of the jets on the surface do not cover the electrode or the circle. The jets are blasted in from the upper part of the furnace and have a shallow depth of penetration into the bath.

Abstract: Charging device for supplying liquid metal to an electric furnace with a shaft 15, the device consisting of a balcony 19 extending the shaft 15 of the furnace 10 laterally and communicating with the hearth of the furnace 10.

Abstract: Two component spray cooled roof for electric furnaces to accommodate off-center electrode positions.

Abstract: A cover with a spray cooling system for the main body of an electric furnace is of a double-layered structure with a hollow inner space in which are provided a plurality of spray nozzles such that cooling water sprayed therefrom will cool the cover. A water collecting box with one or more water outlets is attached to the outer circumferential side surface of the cover such that its bottom surface is below the bottom surface of the cover, and the interior of the box is connected to the hollow inner space of the cover such that the sprayed cooling water can be discharged without the use of a vacuum pump and does not cover the inner surface of the inner space to prevent uniform and efficient cooling of the cover.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for soldering components on plates under the influence of a gas, having an at least two-piece housing, wherein a seal is provided between the housing elements. It is proposed to employ a liquid as the sealing means. It is achieved by means of this that the mechanical stresses occurring because of thermal stress can be absorbed immediately, because of which the formation of a leak is prevented in a simple manner.

Abstract: A combination of a spray cooled roof having a central opening, a support member and mast post wherein the roof is provided with an engagement which are detachably engaged to the corresponding engagement affixed to a support arm assembly which extends over a closed part of the roof. The support member is coupled to the mast post which raises, lowers and laterally moves the roof.

Abstract: The furnace includes a vessel closed by a floating roof, and a sealing means mechanism between the roof and the vessel. The sealing mechanism includes two joint surfaces, one of which is arranged on the peripheral edge portion of the roof whereas the other is arranged on the peripheral edge portion of the vessel. The first surface is substantially toric and the second surface substantially frustoconical. The joint surfaces permit the centering of the roof relative to the axis of the vessel. The peripheral edge portion of the vessel is provided with a coping element on which one of the joint surfaces is arranged.

Abstract: A refractory brick for high temperature industrial furnace roof construction which accommodates hanger attachment at a plurality of locations along the length of the hanger brick. A high temperature industrial roof system having alternate rows of hanger bricks, of the above configuration, and filler bricks which are at least 2 1/2 times as wide as the hanger bricks and can be individually removed by lifting from the top of the furnace. The high temperature industrial furnace roof may be constructed of two configurations of refractories with shortening of the length of either configuration of refractory to accommodate designs having a wide variety of roof widths. Electrically heated furnaces have bus bars which run along the length of the furnace and are fed through the top of the furnace.

Abstract: A preformed assembly is provided for the replacement of a thermally stressed portion of a unitary water cooled closure element, e.g. made of plain carbon steel, of a furnace system which includes a steel frame to which is pre-welded a copper covering plate, the steel frame being welded into a closely fitting cut-out in the closure element, e.g. a furnace roof or furnace shell.

Abstract: A graphite block for an induction furnace in the form of a right prism formed from a plurality of plates associated along adjacent end faces parallel to the axis of the prism. Each plate includes a longitudinal recess opening into its top face adjacent a first end and a longitudinal recess opening into its bottom face adjacent an opposite end. Each end face is provided with a flexible graphite joint. The association of plates results from a partial interfitting of a top face longitudinal recess of one plate with a bottom face longitudinal recess of a second plate, the recesses being adapted to leave a void of polygonal section between the plates. This void is occupied by a graphite key of similar section divided over its length into two parts meeting along an oblique surface.

Abstract: A roof structure for an electric arc smelting furnace includes a spider frame for supporting a plurality of independent removable coolant coil sections. An inner coil section is generally annular in shape and includes a coolant pipe which spirals completely around a central opening in the roof structure. An intermediate coil section is also generally annular in shape, but includes a coolant pipe which extends around the circumference of the inner section, reverses itself around the circumference of the first pipe of the intermediate section, and then reverses itself once again around the circumference of the second coolant pipe of the intermediate section, to form a generally serpentine pattern. A plurality of semi-annular outer coil sections are supported radially outwardly from the intermediate coil section. Each outer section includes a first pipe located generally centrally within the semi-annular section and extending from end to end.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace has a dished hearth, vertical side walls, and a relatively flat roof consisting of a center portion, a relatively planar outer portion and a cylindrical skirt which abuts the side wall to define a space above and around the expected surface of the furnace charge wherein CO containing waste gases can be oxidized to minimize CO and promote heat transfer to the furnace charge. The roof center portion is refractory having holes for receiving electrodes and the outer portion is formed of water-cooled pipes which define sections of the annulus. The upper end of the side walls is also formed of water-cooled panels.

Abstract: A cover for a vessel handling heated substances, such as a furnace, in which the cover comprises an outer segment defining an opening in which a removable inner cover segment (delta) is seated and wherein said inner cover segment comprises spaced apart walls defining an enclosed space that contains coolant spray means adapted for spraying coolant onto the wall that is closest to the interior of the vessel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an arrangement for gas collection in electrolytic aluminium reduction furnaces equipped with Soderberg anode. The arrangement comprises a plurality of liftable cover plates 8-11 which cover the complete area between the sidewalls of the furnace and the anode casing 2. The cover plates 8-11 are gas tight sealed against the circumference of the anode casing 2 and against the furnace sidewalls 7. The cover plates 8-11 are on their upper side equipped with a plurality of ribs 12. A channel 13 comprising of a lower plate 14, and inclined plate 15 and an upper plate 16 is inserted in recesses in the ribs 12.

Abstract: An electric furnace includes a furnace vessel covered by a furnace lid liftable and lowerable by a lid lifting mechanism and pivotable from a position above the furnace vessel into a position lateral of the furnace vessel and back by a lid pivoting mechanism. A lid supporting framework is pivotably mounted lateral of the furnace vessel and includes at least one lid bracket extending over the furnace vessel for lifting, lowering and pivoting the furnace lid. In order to be able to pivot the lid bracket without furnace lid and without necessitating manipulations to be carried out at the furnace lid for the purpose of exchanging the lid or the lid core, the lid bracket is detachably connected to the furnace lid by at least one coupling means, with a coupling piece of the coupling means being arranged on the lid bracket and a coupling counter piece of the coupling means being arranged on the furnace lid.

Abstract: An electric furnace includes a furnace vessel arranged on a furnace platform and covered by a furnace lid liftable and lowerable by a lid lifting mechanism and pivotable from a position above the furnace vessel into a position lateral of the furnace vessel, and back, by a lid pivoting mechanism. A lid supporting framework pivotably mounted lateral of the furnace vessel and including at least one lid bracket is provided for lifting, lowering and pivoting the furnace lid. In order that the high-current cables are only slightly twisted when pivoting the furnace lid, despite the pivot axis for the furnace lid being arranged as close to the furnace vessel as possible, the lid supporting framework is pivotably connected with the furnace platform by an oscillating crank hinged to it.

Abstract: The specification discloses a ladle furnace apparatus for refining molten steel tapped from a steelmaking furnace therein. There are introduced molten steel and a slag making material into the ladle. The outer and inner lids of the ladle furnace are put on the respective receiving surfaces of the ladle to close the opening thereof. In the interior of the ladle, the slag making material is slagged by arc heating thereby to refine molten steel introduced therein by means of the slag. During the refining process, the suction of gas is carried out from a space formed between the outer lid and the inner lid. Therefore, a dust containing gas generated by reaction of the molten steel and slag enters the space between the outer lid and the inner lid passing through a gap formed between the inner lid and the ladle or electrode holes disposed in the inner lid to be sucked therefrom.