Abstract: A furnace as described in this invention comprises a temperature regulating portion to assist in melting a non-ferrous material, such as an aluminium, and to reserve said material for the subsequent casting or injection molding procedure. The furnace provides a mean to eliminate an oxide, such as iron oxide, which generally floats on the top layer of a molten material inside a melting portion and a heating portion by preventing the flow of said oxide into the temperature regulating portion. A sensor or any detector that can detect the level of the molten material is utilized to measure the surface level of said molten material. A temperature regulating burner, which is a flat flame type, is utilized on the ceiling of the temperature regulating portion in order to prevent any oxidation reaction to occur as well as to reduce the concentration of oxygen inside the portion.

Abstract: A burner and/or injector panel includes at least two cooling circuits that may be connected in series with a flexible hose or rigid pipe connected to the circuits behind a rear face of the panel or connected in parallel to a source of cooling water by independently connecting each cooling circuit to the cooling water source without connecting the flexible hose or rigid pipe.

Abstract: A hydrogen vacuum furnace (100) is provided with a process chamber (1) wherein a subject (10) to be heated is stored; a heating chamber (2) wherein a heater lamp (25) is stored; and a crystal board (3) for separating the subject (10) and the heater lamp (25) one from the other. In the hydrogen vacuum furnace (100), the subject (10) is heated by a radiant ray applied from the heater lamp (25). The process chamber (1) and the heating chamber (2) are provided with gas feed ports (11, 21) and exhaust ports (12, 22), respectively, for feeding and exhausting a gas. When the subject (10) is being heated, atmospheric pressure in each chamber is adjusted so that the heating chamber (2) is under positive pressure to the process chamber (1) by feeding or exhausting the gas.

Abstract: A sealing device is arranged around a rod electrode extending vertically through an aperture made in the ceiling of an arc furnace and being vertically movable inside the furnace to prevent the access of gases from the furnace through the aperture to the atmosphere, and on the other hand to prevent air from flowing from the atmosphere into the furnace. The sealing device comprises a gas distribution chamber provided with an inlet channel for feeding essentially passive gas, such as nitrogen or air, into the gas distribution chamber. The sealing device also includes a slit nozzle encasing the electrode, through which nozzle a gas jet is arranged to be discharged from the gas distribution chamber towards the electrode in a direction that is at an angle with respect to the horizontal plane and has a slightly upwards inclined orientation, and that is, with respect to the furnace interior, pointed outwardly, so that the sealing is carried out owing to the effect of the created stagnation pressure.

Abstract: A two-wire metal vapor vacuum arc (MeVVA) vacuum head includes an upper housing and a lower vacuum housing. The lower vacuum housing includes a plurality of ports, a vacuum space, and a first grid positioned in the vacuum space. A plurality of electrodes are positioned in the ports with a first end with an electrical contact area extending into the upper housing, and a second end extending into the vacuum space with an exposed electrical discharge area spaced from the first grid. An electrode of opposite polarity is positioned in one of the lower housing ports with a first end extending into the upper housing and a second end attached to the first grid. An extractor grid is positioned adjacent to the first grid, an electrode selector is operatively connected to the plurality of electrodes, and a trigger generator circuit is connected to an input of the electrode selector.

Abstract: A device that prevents exhaust gas leakage during movement of an electrode in an electric furnace. An electrode holder is attached to the electrode. An actuator moves the electrode between first and second positions within an aperture formed in an upper portion of the furnace. A fixed section is attached to a waste charging station. A first moving section is moveably coupled with the fixed section, a second moving section is moveably coupled with the first section and fixedly attached to the electrode holder on a first side, and a third moving section is fixedly attached to the electrode holder on a second side opposite the first side. The device moves between a retracted position in which the first and second moving sections are adjacent to the fixed member, and an extended position in which the first and second moving sections are distal from the fixed member.

Abstract: In order to provide a magnetic rotation transmitting device capable of obtaining a large transmitting torque without using a large-sized permanent magnet, in an axial-type magnetic rotation transmitting device, which includes a driving rotation body having one or plural magnetic line(s) in which plural first magnets (10A) are disposed in a circumferential direction on a first disk (11A) at almost equal intervals, a drive source rotationally driving a drive shaft of the driving rotation body, and a driven rotation body having one or plural magnet line(s) in which second magnets (20A) of the same number as the first magnets (10A) are disposed in the circumferential direction on a second disk (21A) at almost equal intervals, symmetrically disposed to, and magnetically coupled with the driving rotation body with a magnetic coupling gap and, which utilizes a magnetic operation and which allows the driven rotation body to rotate by rotationally driving the drive shaft by means of the drive source, the first magnet

Abstract: A fume extraction system includes a combustion zone coupled with an exhaust outlet of a furnace to receive an exhaust gas stream emerging from the furnace outlet during system operation, where the exhaust gas stream includes explosive gases that undergo combustion reactions within the combustion zone. A duct section is aligned downstream from the combustion zone to deliver the exhaust gas stream toward a venting outlet. A suction unit establishes a negative pressure within the system so as to draw the exhaust gas stream from the furnace outlet and through the fume extraction system during system operation. An exhaust damper is further provided within the system between the combustion zone inlet and the suction unit. A control system selectively controls the negative pressure applied to the furnace, combustion zone and duct section based upon a measured concentration of at least one gas constituent within the exhaust gas stream.

Abstract: A furnace for melting and holding aluminum materials, the furnace being characterized in that the furnace comprises: a pre-heating tower for pre-heating aluminum blocks, a melting crucible furnace which receives a supply of aluminum blocks from the pre-heating tower at a position immediately under the pre-heating tower, and a holding crucible furnace which receives a continuous supply of molten aluminum from the melting crucible furnace at a position side-by-side with the melting crucible furnace, and that an exhaust gas resulting from combustion in the melting crucible furnace can be supplied to the inside of the pre-heating tower as an ascending current for heat exchange with aluminum blocks, the furnace being capable of continuous melting and energy savings.

Abstract: Device to take in fumes and cool the roof (10) of electric furnaces. The device has a central aperture (11) into which an electrode can be inserted and a peripheral aperture (12) to take in and discharge the fumes. The device also has a first cooling system (13) for a central zone surrounding, and cooperating with, the central aperture (11), and a second system (15) to take in and convey the fumes. The first cooling system (13) includes a circular cyclone chamber (18) having a plurality of turns (19) able to cool the zone surrounding the central aperture (11).

Abstract: Device to take in fumes and cool the roof (10) of electric furnaces. The device has a central aperture (11) into which an electrode can be inserted and a peripheral aperture (12) to take in and discharge the fumes. The device also has a first cooling system (13) for a central zone surrounding, and cooperating with, the central aperture (11), and a second system (15) to take in and convey the fumes. The first cooling system (13) includes a circular cyclone chamber (18) having a plurality of turns (19) able to cool the zone surrounding the central aperture (11).

Abstract: An oxygen injector for a post combustion system used in an electric arc furnace includes a housing formed of a concave configured front wall and a spaced rear wall. The housing has a width greater than the spacing defined between the front wall and spaced rear wall. An oval configured conduit wall is located medially in the housing and extends from the rear to front wall to form an oval configured oxygen chamber and a water chamber with the oxygen chamber bound internally by the conduit wall. Orifices are formed in the front wall within the oxygen chamber.

Abstract: An electric arc furnace includes a closed melting vessel and includes an opening that can be closed where metal to be molten is charged into the melting vessel. At least one electrode extends into the melting vessel and generates an electric arc and forms a molten metal bath. At least one oxygen lance can be extended into the melting vessel for injecting oxygen into the molten metal bath and create a reaction where the carbon monoxide is generated. Gas is exhausted from the melting vessel and the carbon monoxide gas concentration of the exhaust gas is measured. A post combustion chamber receives the exhaust gas and provides post combustion of the exhaust gas. Post combustion oxygen is injected into the melting vessel in an amount sufficient to provide post combustion based on the amount of oxygen necessary for post combustion of the exhaust gas and the post combustion chamber.

Abstract: Fume intake and cooling device for intake conduits (11,111,211) in electric arc furnaces (26a,26b), comprising a containing structure (28) associated at one end (12) with an aperture on the roof of the furnace and connected at the second end (13) with an intake and filter system (27), the containing structure (28) having, in cooperation with its inner sidewalls, cooling means, the cooling means comprising a pipe (14), which is spiral shaped and has turns (16) lying on a plane substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the conduits (11,111,211), the turns (16) being distanced with respect to each other in such a way as to form interstices (20) between adjacent turns (16), the interstices (20) through which the fumes pass serving to anchor the slag.

Abstract: An exhaust device to suck in the fumes in an electric arc furnace (11) fed either by direct or alternating current. The furnace (11) comprises a crown (20) with at least one aperture (19) to introduce and position the electrodes (12) associated with a cupola, in a vertically raised position, which surrounds the electrodes (12) partially in a vertical direction. The cupola is smaller in diameter than the crown (20), there being included a fourth hole connected to the discharge pipe for the fumes (14). The cupola functions as a decantation chamber (13) substantially cylindrical in shape. The cupola functioning as a decantation chamber (13) including at its upper part a conduit (15) to discharge the fumes projecting tangentially and connecting the cupola functioning as a decantation chamber (13) to the discharge pipe (14), placed at the side of the cupola (13).

Abstract: Apparatus for the cleaning, especially degreasing, of electrically conductive material (9), for example metal and/or ceramic turning chips and/or grinding sludges, under vacuum conditions, essentially consisting of a container (4) and at least two electrodes (4,5) which are connected to a power supply unit (8), the material (9) to be cleaned being heatable by the two electrodes (4,5) by direct passage of current.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for soldering components on plates under the influence of a gas, having an at least two-piece housing, wherein a seal is provided between the housing elements. It is proposed to employ a liquid as the sealing means. It is achieved by means of this that the mechanical stresses occurring because of thermal stress can be absorbed immediately, because of which the formation of a leak is prevented in a simple manner.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for limiting the passage of a gas such as air through an opening, particularly an opening through which solid material passes, by providing a sealing chamber in advance of the entrance to the low pressure chamber having a large plenum with a variable speed exhaust blower in its upper portion, and a grate situated in its lower portion for access of air to the plenum. The blower speed is responsive to differential pressure measurements taken in the low pressure chamber and immediately adjacent the exterior of the low pressure chamber. Upstream of the plenum are one or more mechanical seals or flexible baffles which contact the top of the solid charge material and ride over it as the solid material passes beneath the mechanical seal.

Abstract: A smoke suction duct of an electric furnace is constructed as a separate member from other exhaust duct portions and other devices and is supported to be rotatable about an axis of the duct. Further, the smoke suction duct is either alternately turned to right and left or continuously turned in one direction by a duct turning device. Since accumulating dust is raised to an upper portion of the smoke suction duct where an exhaust gas flow has a high velocity due to rotation of the smoke suction duct and is pushed toward a combustion tower by the exhaust gas flow, dust is advantageously prevented from accumulating on a bottom of the smoke suction duct.

Abstract: Apparatus for melting preferably highly reactive metals, such as titanium for example, in a vacuum melting furnace, for example a vacuum arc furnace for the remelting of metals, with one or more melting positions, a melting crucible (5, 28) being provided at each melting position, these crucibles being closed vacuum-tight after the end of the melting operation and then separated from the melting furnace, the furnace being provided with a single manipulator and by this manipulator each single crucible (5, 28) can be closed vacuum-tight by means of a separate crucible closure plate (13, 37).

Abstract: An electric arc furnace has a dished hearth, vertical side walls, and a relatively flat roof consisting of a center portion, a relatively planar outer portion and a cylindrical skirt which abuts the side wall to define a space above and around the expected surface of the furnace charge wherein CO containing waste gases can be oxidized to minimize CO and promote heat transfer to the furnace charge. The roof center portion is refractory having holes for receiving electrodes and the outer portion is formed of water-cooled pipes which define sections of the annulus. The upper end of the side walls is also formed of water-cooled panels.

Abstract: The invention relates to an induction melting furnace 1 for metals which are difficult to melt including an induction coil 2 surrounding the crucible 3 and a mold receptacle 4 surrounded by an annular chamber 5 to hold the cooling agent. The crucible 3 is disposed in a housing 7 provided with a vacuum connection 6. In order to improve the microporous nature, the melt contained in the mold receptacle 4 is compressed by means of a pressure which is build up in the mold receptacle 4 prior to the cooling.

Abstract: A method of controlling the course over time of a target temperature of a molten metal in a ladle, for example, in which the required heating power is produced by at least one plasma torch. Determination is made of the variation with time of a target temperature, the mass of an outwardly flowing melt, and a specific heat value of the melt present in the ladle. From the foregoing values there is ascertained the course of a corresponding setting signal for obtaining the heating power necessary to obtain the desired temperature course. Simultaneously and continuously the actual temperature of the melt is measured. When the actual temperature of the melt deviates from its target temperature in excess of a predetermined tolerance, the setting signal for the heating power is changed by decreasing such setting when an actual temperature exceeds the target temperature, and increasing such setting when an actual temperature is less than the target temperature.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for controlling the atmosphere above the bath of an electroslag remelting furnace, including sealing the atmosphere of the furnace directly above the crucible by employing a shell secured to the crucible and a shroud secured between the shell and the movable furnace ram to encapsulate the atmosphere, and analyzing the oxygen content of the atmosphere and controlling the amount of oxygen therein by introducing an inert gas in the atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention includes a heat insulation wall which is formed in a closed plane configuration, such as a circle, and which has first and second pairs of apertures formed therein to accommodate cooling (inert) gases which are introduced into the heat chamber defined by said insulation wall. The cooling gases pass into the heat chamber and out of the heat chamber through the first and second pairs of apertures to cool a workpiece which has been heat treated. The pairs of apertures lie (in pairs) opposite one another on the periphery of the heat insulation wall. Outside of the heat insulation wall, lying opposite the first pair of apertures, is located a heat reflecting member and opposite the second pair of apertures, outside of the heat insulation wall, there is located a heat reflecting baffle. Accordingly when the heat chamber is operating in a heat treating mode any heat which passes through an aperture or a pair of apertures is reflected back through said apertures into the heat chamber.

Abstract: A method is provided for maintaining a predetermined effluent gas pressure within an electric arc melting furnace of the type having an off-gas duct system. The method involves establishing, by simulation, correlations between specific measurable physical characteristics within the furnace and in the off-gas duct system and then utilizing these correlations to establish a program for automatically varying the volume of off-gas flow through the duct to maintain effluent gas pressure within a desired range within the furnace. Sensors are provided in the duct system to monitor the physical characteristics in the off-gas flow and for transmitting data to a microprocessor adapted to operate flow-regulating apparatus in the duct system to thereby maintain the pressure within the furnace within a predetermined range.

Abstract: Refining method of molten metal which employs a refining apparatus provided with a tiltable refining vessel, a tuyere formed therein for blowing inert gas and/or flux or further sometimes additive alloy component(s), with the aid of inert gas into the molten metal, and a suitable number of electrodes for heating the molten metal and flux, for the purpose of performing a first refining process of carrying out the heating of the molten metal and the flux with the electrodes and a second refining process of tilting the vessel for blowing into the molten metal insert gas and others from the tuyere, whereby harmful or unnecessary metallic and/or non-metallic impure components can be removed for improving the quality of the article.

Abstract: An electrically conductive refractory lined crucible is covered by a refractory lined roof. At least one electrode supported by the roof extends downwardly into the crucible for melting the flux within the crucible. The crucible lining itself functions as the second electrode. The roof and the crucible are air-tight thereby preventing air from entering the crucible. An exhaust port located in the upper portion of the roof is connected to a vacuum device for exhausting fumes from the crucible and for controlling the atmosphere within the crucible.

Abstract: A gas having high CO content evolved at reaction zone in a ferrosilicon-refining electric furnace is burned and deflected to wipe transversely on the top level of the charged raw materials with the aid of air introduced near electrodes through an air pipe. The burning of the gas is so controlled that a content of oxygen in the burned gas is within a range of 12-17% by volume by controlling a volume of the air to be introduced near electrodes as well as a volume of air invading into the furnace through a poking window and a gap between a shell of the furnace and a heat-shielding hood above the furnace. The CO-rich gas which has heretofore been exhausted in vain from the furnace can now be used to preheat the charged raw materials and prevents the furnace from blocking due to formation of crusts at the top level of the charged raw materials. The exhaust gas is now less noxious, has a higher temperature that can be used for driving a turbine of a generator.

Abstract: An apparatus for reheating molten steel in a ladle under a shielded gaseous atmosphere comprises a vertically movable electrode housing, a lower portion of which extends through a tight passage formed in the ladle cover or in the cover of a ladle-containing vessel. This passage comprises a hollow water-cooled jacket or belt assembly surrounding the housing and provided with recesses for scraper rings and a packing and connected, through a flexible and vacuum-tight coupling, to a flanged collar rigid with the cover. Stacked refractory rings of insulating material are interposed between the belt and the flanged collar. The packing may be replaced by an inflated flexible tubular torus. A conduit is provided for supplying lubricant to the surfaces in mutual sliding contact.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vacuum furnace temperature controller for the stable regulation of temperature over a wide range of temperatures. The control loop includes a multiplier responsive to the desired temperature which modifies the overall loop gain and the maximum power which may be applied to the furnace heater as a function of the desired temperature.