Abstract: A headgear-based sports signaling system which includes a controller capable of transmitting electronic signals to receivers mounted in or on sports headgear, and wherein the receivers control lights or other displays in or on the sports headgear to signal events that have occurred during game play. In some configurations, the controller is a whistle with airflow detection which transmits signals to the headgear when airflow is detected in the whistle.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to reduce a load of preventing dew condensation, and to provide a highly reliable humidity detection device. In order to achieve the purpose, this humidity detection device is provided with: a humidity sensor having a humidity detection unit and a temperature detection unit; a heating resistor that heats the humidity sensor; and a heating control unit that controls a heating temperature of the heating resistor. The humidity detection device is characterized in having a target temperature storage unit that stores target temperatures of the heating resistor, said target temperatures having been determined corresponding to temperatures and humidities.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling operation of a gas turbine engine including at least one acoustic transmitter/receiver device located on a flow path boundary structure. The acoustic transmitter/receiver device includes an elongated sound passage defined by a surface of revolution having opposing first and second ends and a central axis extending between the first and second ends, an acoustic sound source located at the first end, and an acoustic receiver located within the sound passage between the first and second ends. The boundary structure includes an opening extending from outside the boundary structure to the flow path, and the second end of the surface of revolution is affixed to the boundary structure at the opening for passage of acoustic signals between the sound passage and the flow path.

Abstract: A method for determining the temperature of an aggressive and/or abrasive gas is described using an acoustic transmitter and an acoustic receiver. The transmitter emits an acoustic signal with varying frequencies and the receiver extracts from the acoustic input signal a frequency of the maximum. Based on this the frequency of this maximum the temperature of the gas between transmitter and receiver is calculated.

Abstract: A condition measurement apparatus is provided and includes a gas turbine engine combustor having an end cover, a liner defining a liner interior and a fuel nozzle communicative with the liner interior, the end cover being formed to separate a cold side thereof, which is a relatively low temperature environment, from a hot side thereof, which is a relatively high temperature environment in which the liner and the fuel nozzle are disposed, the combustor being formed to define a fuel flow path extending through piping disposed at the cold side of the end cover by which fuel is deliverable to the fuel nozzle, and a condition sensing device operably mounted on the piping.

Abstract: A thermometer is provided. A housing has at least one opening. A dielectric element is disposed in the housing. At least one microwave guide is coupled to the at least one opening for providing a signal into the dielectric element for propagation at a resonant frequency and for receiving the signal from the dielectric element. A temperature determination unit receives the signal from the at least one microwave guide, measures the resonant frequency of the dielectric element, and determines the temperature of the dielectric element based on a relationship between resonant frequency and temperature of the dielectric element.

Abstract: Ultrasound data are collected from a thermal source and a mass of tissue before initiating therapy to measure two parameters of the bio-heat transfer equation (BHTE). The parameters are the thermal diffusivity (K) of the tissue and the magnitude of the thermal source (Q). Once the parameters have been obtained, the BHTE can be calibrated to the specific mass of tissue and the specific thermal source. The calibrated BHTE can be used to generate a temperature dependence curve calibrated to the thermal source and tissue, and spatio-temporal temperature maps, to facilitate pre-therapy planning. During therapy, ultrasound data are collected to determine if Q changes during therapy, and if so, the BHTE is recalibrated using the new Q value, increasing an accuracy of the temperature estimations.

Abstract: A computer which functions by a performance prediction program for a ground source heat pump system of the present invention and a performance prediction system constructed thereby include a dimensionless distance calculating means, a first dimensionless time calculating means, a second dimensionless time calculating means, a boundary time acquiring means, an underground temperature change calculating means, and a tube surface temperature change calculating means. The performance prediction program and performance prediction system can be applied to the design of heat exchange system by obtaining predicted underground temperature data for the ground source heat pump system with high accuracy and predicting the performance for the ground source heat pump system based on the resulting underground temperature changes, etc., in view of the use of a plurality of buried tubes, underground temperature change patterns for buried tubes placed at different intervals, and the use of U-shaped tube heat exchangers.

Abstract: An acoustic pyrometer measures the average gas temperature across a space of known distance, especially turbulent, high temperature gas loaded with caustic particulates. It includes an acoustic signal generator that generates a high amplitude acoustic signal with a short rise time The acoustic signal generator includes an outer tank closed at top and bottom ends by top and bottom end walls and enclosing an outer chamber. A cylinder is supported within the tank and has top and bottom opposed ends. A mid-plate extends across the cylinder and defines the bottom end, and an axial opening in the mid-plate receives a shaft of a piston assembly having an upper piston and a lower piston at ends of the shaft. A throat is attached to the bottom end, and receives the lower piston. The lower piston seals the throat when received in the throat. The upper piston is slidable in the cylinder under influence of air pressure.

Abstract: Acoustic temperature measurement at a remote location is provided. An acoustic source transmits acoustic radiation to an acoustic receiver along an acoustic path. The path passes through or near the remote location. The temperature is non-uniform along the path. A change in an integrated acoustic delay between the source and receiver along the path is measured. This acoustic delay can be either a phase velocity delay or a group velocity delay. The temperature at the remote location is determined by relating the measured change in integrated acoustic delay to the remote location temperature with a combined thermal-acoustic model. The combined model relates temperature to acoustic propagation velocity along the path. The combined model preferably includes temperatures of the source and receiver locations, and a heat source geometry at the remote location.

Abstract: One or more heating elements comprise a heating element. One or more elongated beams comprise an elongated beam. The heating element is coupled with the elongated beam and induces a time-varying thermal gradient in the elongated beam to cause one or more oscillations of one or more of the one or more elongated beams.

Abstract: An acoustic pyrometer measures the average gas temperature across a wide space of known distance, especially turbulent, high temperature gas loaded with caustic particulates. It includes an acoustic signal generator that generates a high amplitude acoustic signal with a short rise time and a detector positioned adjacent the signal generator that detects the onset of the acoustic signal in the signal generator and generates a first electrical signal corresponding in time to the onset of the acoustic signal in the signal generator. A receiver, positioned across the space from the signal generator, receives acoustic signals from the space and generates electrical signals corresponding to amplitude and frequency of the acoustic signals received in the receiver.

Abstract: A magnet is provided to a vibrating plate within a detection pipe unit and an electromagnet is placed opposite to the magnet with a slight gap therebetween. A drive circuit applies, to a coil at every predetermined measurement cycle, an alternating current at a frequency which is swept over a predetermined range centered at a resonance frequency of the vibrating plate. When the alternating current is applied, a phase comparison circuit detects a change in phase that is caused according to whether or not an object contacts the vibrating plate. A microcomputer determines presence/absence of the object based on the detected change in phase, measures the temperature based on the detected change in phase in a former half cycle of the predetermined measurement cycle and changes the swept frequency based on the result of measurement of the temperature in a latter half cycle of the predetermined cycle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, a measuring cell and a system for measuring very small heat changes in a sample. The system comprises a measuring cell 16 for containing the sample during the measurement process, at least one electromagnetic radiation unit 14 for radiating one or several samples with modulated monochromatic or polychromatic radiation 46 inside said measuring cell 16. Said measuring cell 16 comprises at least one acoustic transducer 22 for generating a first output signal V(t) and at least one heat measuring device 24 for generating a second output signal T(t). Both signals are connectable to a combining unit 18 that generates an information signal by means of a reference signal f(t). Said information signal is connectable to a signal processing unit 20 for determining at least one relevant reaction parameter as a function of the measured heat change.

Abstract: An acoustic pyrometer measures the average gas temperature across a wide space of known distance, especially turbulent, high temperature gas loaded with caustic particulates. It includes an acoustic signal generator that generates a high amplitude acoustic signal with a short rise time and a detector positioned adjacent the signal generator that detects the onset of the acoustic signal in the signal generator and generates a first electrical signal corresponding in time to the onset of the acoustic signal in the signal generator. A receiver, positioned across the space from the signal generator, receives acoustic signals from the space and generates electrical signals corresponding to amplitude and frequency of the acoustic signals received in the receiver.

Abstract: A magnet is provided to a vibrating plate within a detection pipe unit and an electromagnet is placed opposite to the magnet with a slight gap therebetween. A drive circuit applies, to a coil at every predetermined measurement cycle, an alternating current at a frequency which is swept over a predetermined range centered at a resonance frequency of the vibrating plate. When the alternating current is applied, a phase comparison circuit detects a change in phase that is caused according to whether or not an object contacts the vibrating plate. A microcomputer determines presence/absence of the object based on the detected change in phase, measures the temperature based on the detected change in phase in a former half cycle of the predetermined measurement cycle and changes the swept frequency based on the result of measurement of the temperature in a latter half cycle of the predetermined cycle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fiber-optic temperature sensor which is provided with a preferably spherical microparticle with a diameter in the range of from 5 to 100 micrometers as the optical resonator. Said microparticle is linked with optical waveguides for coupling light in or out. A laser diode (1) incites optical resonances in the microparticle, the wavelengths of these resonances depending on the diameter of the microparticle. Due to the thermal expansion of the microparticle, said diameter in turn depends on the temperature. The temperature sensor is calibrated so that the resonance wavelengths can be correlated with corresponding temperature values.

Abstract: An acoustic pyrometer measures the average gas temperature across a wide space of known distance, especially turbulent, high temperature gas loaded with caustic particulates. It includes an acoustic signal generator that generates a high amplitude acoustic signal with a short rise time and a detector positioned adjacent the signal generator that detects the onset of the acoustic signal in the signal generator and generates a first electrical signal corresponding in time to the onset of the acoustic signal in the signal generator. A receiver, positioned across the space from the signal generator, receives acoustic signals from the space and generates electrical signals corresponding to amplitude and frequency of the acoustic signals received in the receiver.

Abstract: A dew point sensor includes a micro-cantilever beam formed on a substrate. A cooling device and a temperature sensor are in thermal contact with the micro-cantilever beam and a control circuit is coupled to the micro-cantilever beam, the cooling device and the temperature sensor. The control circuit controls and monitors a resonance of the micro-cantilever beam, controls a temperature of the cooling device and receives a temperature indication from the temperature sensor. Using the above information, the dew point temperature is determined by identifying the temperature of the micro-cantilever beam when its resonance changes due to a change in mass caused by the formation of dew on the micro-cantilever beam when the dew point is reached. A method of determining the dew point is also disclosed. The method includes exciting a micro-cantilever beam in a vibratory mode and decreasing a temperature of the micro-cantilever beam.

Abstract: A method for measuring the temperature of a metallurgical furnace. An empirical relationship is established that connects the temperature, an operating parameter of the furnace that is causally connected with the generation of acoustic noise, and a representative acoustic noise frequency. Preferably, the relationship is based on modeling the gas phase in the furnace as an ideal gas; the representative frequency is the centroid frequency of the acoustic noise spectrum; and the empirical relationship includes the transformation of the operating parameter into an effective acoustic noise wavelength.

Abstract: A temperature sensing device employs a resonant polysilicon beam, in combination with electrical circuitry for oscillating the beam at its natural resonant frequency, to sense changes in temperature. The resonant beam is formed as part of a silicon layer, and the silicon layer is in direct contact with a dissimilar material. In one version of the device, the silicon layer is deposited onto a sapphire substrate by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. In another version, the beam is part of a polysilicon layer deposited onto a silicon wafer substrate. The silicon substrate is thinned, then thermoelectrically bonded to a borosilicate glass substrate. In still another version, the silicon substrate is selectively thinned and has deposited thereon a TCE mismatched material. In all versions, temperature is sensed based on a thermal mismatch of the two dissimilar materials.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the photothermal and/or calorimetric investigation of gaseous, liquid and solid measuring material is based on the detuning of an ultrasonic resonator (1). The latter has an ultrasonic transmitter (2) and an ultrasonic receiver (3), which face one another. The signal from the receiver is analyzed by an analyzer (5) as to its amplitude or phase position which gives, as a result of the temperature dependence of the sonic velocity, information on thermal changes in the ultrasonic resonator designed as a gas cell or calorimeter. The present apparatus makes it possible to detect gases or to calorimetrically investigate the material to be investigated, particularly light-conducting elements (5), such as light fibers.