Abstract: A consist communication system is disclosed for use with a train consist. The consist communication system may have a fluid conduit, at least a first cable disposed within the fluid conduit and configured to transmit communication signals, and at least a second cable disposed within the fluid conduit and configured to transmit electrical power. The communication conduit may also have a coupling fixedly connected to an end of the fluid conduit, a first transformer coil connected to the at least a first cable, and a second transformer coil connected to the at least a second cable and disposed in an orthogonal orientation relative to the first transformer coil.

Abstract: In one embodiment, A system for communication has a receiver for receiving data from a passive transmitter capacitively coupled to the receiver. The receiver has a sensing element having a plurality of terminals configured to be capacitively coupled to the passive transmitter and DC isolated from the passive transmitter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bidirectional wireless transmission system for serial format data signals between a “master” electronic device (3) and a “slave” energy meter (2) including a microcontroller (20) having a serial input port (RX). According to the invention, the serial format data signals are exchanged at short range via bidirectional electromagnetic coupling means (4) outputting a pulse on each rising or falling front in said serial format data signals. To transmit data signals from the “master” device (3) to the “slave” meter (2), the pulses at the output of the electromagnetic coupling means (4) are delivered to said serial input port (RX).

Abstract: A method for generating an amplified radio frequency (RF) signal is provided. In-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signals are received and interleaved so as to generate a time-interleaved signal. Delayed time-interleaved signals are then generated from the time interleaved signal, and each of the delayed time-interleaved signals is amplified so as to generate a plurality of amplified signals. The amplified signals are then combined with a transformer, where the delayed time-interleaved signals are arranged to generate a filter response with the transformer.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, modules, and methods of communicating with memory devices utilizing multi-band communication containing a baseband and one or more amplitude shift keyed (ASK) RF channels over each differential pair of off-chip transmission lines. Configurations are described for interfacing between microprocessors, or controllers and memory devices or modules, and within a DIMM and its DRAM devices, and between multiple DIMM memory modules.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving an input signal in transmitter circuitry of a first semiconductor die and processing the input signal, sending the processed input signal to an isolation circuit of the die to generate a voltage isolated signal, and outputting the voltage isolated signal from the isolation circuit to a second semiconductor die coupled to the first semiconductor die via a bonding mechanism. Note that this second semiconductor die may not include isolation circuitry.

Abstract: A tri-state control mechanism can be implemented for a line driver of a transmitter unit to switch the output impedance of the transmitter unit between a low impedance state in the transmit mode and a high impedance state in the receive mode while minimizing turn-off glitch. It may be determined whether a communication device comprising the transmitter unit is configured in a transmit operating mode or a receive operating mode. If the communication device is configured in the receive operating mode, a first bias voltage can be generated to bias output transistors of the line driver circuit in a sub-threshold state. If the communication device is configured in the transmit operating mode, a second bias voltage can be generated to bias output transistors of the line driver circuit in a saturation state.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a sender circuit is configured to be coupled to a receiver circuit via a first transmission channel, and generate a drive signal dependent on a data input signal received by the sender circuit and dependent on at least one drive signal generation parameter. The sender circuit is further configured to adjust the at least one drive signal generation parameter dependent on a feedback signal received at a second input.

Abstract: A device for enabling a local area network wiring structure to simultaneously carry digital data and analog telephone signals on the same transmission medium. It is particularly applicable to a network in star topology, in which remote data units (e.g. personal computers) are each connected to a hub through a cable comprising at least two pairs of conductors, providing a data communication path in each direction. Modules at each end of the cable provide a phantom path for telephony (voice band), signals between a telephone near the data set and a PBX, through both conductor pairs in a phantom circuit arrangement. All such communication paths function simultaneously and without mutual interference. The modules comprise simple and inexpensive passive circuit components.

Abstract: A balun structure is disclosed having positive and negative going signal paths coupled to a ninety degree hybrid. The positive signal path has a circuit trace and a phase shaper structure that provides three hundred and sixty degrees of phase shift at Port 1 of the hybrid. The negative going signal path has a circuit trace and a second order phase shaper that provides four hundred and fifty degrees of phase shift at Port 2 of the hybrid. Port 1 is coupled to Port 3 of the hybrid and functions as an output port. The first order phase shaper and the second order phase shaper compensate for the signal loss caused by a signal cable coupled to the output port and provide a frequency band from DC to at least 15 GHz and a transient response having less than ten percent pre-shoot.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for providing a communication system for handling pulse information. Embodiments of the invention provide a pulse shaping unit operable to avoid saturation of the pulse transformer, while being easily incorporated into IC processes. Some embodiments of the pulse shaping unit provide a two-to-three level driver unit for converting a two-level input voltage signal to a three-level driver signal for driving a pulse transformer. Other embodiments of the pulse shaping unit provide components configured to differentially drive a pulse transformer, effectively converting a two-level input voltage signal to a three-level driver signal.

Abstract: A magnetics based hybrid circuit, comprising a receiver side transformer and a transmitter side transformer is described. Power is supplied via respective inductive elements coupled to respective first end of the receiver side transformer and the transmitter side transformer. A DC blocking element is further provided in series between the second end of the receiver side primary winding and the second end of the transmitter side primary winding.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a digital isolation system including an isolation barrier, a transmitter circuit receiving an input signal and transmitting a positive pulse upon detecting a first type of edge in the input signal and transmitting a negative pulse upon receipt of a second type of edge in the input signal and a receiver circuit receiving the transmitted signals, removing noise in the received signal and reconstructing the input signal using a differential comparator.

Abstract: A receiver of a signal communication apparatus; the apparatus including a transmitter adapted to transmit coded signals, the receiver for receiving the signal and a wireless interface interposed between the transmitter and the receiver and having a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna. The receiver includes a decoder configured to decode the received signal and circuitry coupled to the receiving antenna and capable of triggering the decoder if the value of the received signal is outside a logical hysteresis having a first logic threshold having a value smaller than the value of the direct current component of the received signal and a second logic threshold having a value greater than the value of the direct current component of the received signal.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a multi-bit digital signal isolation system including a plurality of micro-transformers, each having a primary winding and a secondary winding, a transmitter circuit receiving a multi-bit signal and transmitting an encoded logic signal across the plurality of micro-transformers corresponding to the multi-bit signal, the primary winding of each micro-transformer receiving a signal corresponding to one of at least three possible states, and a receiver circuit receiving the encoded logic signal from the secondary windings of the plurality of transformers, decoding the encoded logic signal and reconstructing the received multi-bit signal based upon the decoded signal.

Abstract: A receiver includes a positive pulse determination circuit and a negative pulse determination circuit. The positive pulse determination circuit outputs a first L-level between when a pulse signal having a negative amplitude is detected and when neither a pulse signal having a positive amplitude nor a pulse signal having a negative amplitude is detected; otherwise a first H-level if a pulse signal having a positive amplitude is detected during another period. The negative pulse determination circuit outputs a second L-level between when a pulse signal having a positive amplitude is detected and when neither a pulse signal having a positive amplitude nor a pulse signal having a negative amplitude is detected; otherwise a second H-level is output if a pulse signal having a negative amplitude is detected during the other period.

Abstract: A locomotive consist includes a lead locomotive, one or more trail locomotives, and a multiple unit (MU) cable bus interconnecting the first locomotive and the trail locomotives, which is used in the locomotive consist for transferring non-network control information between the lead vehicle and the trail locomotives. In a system and method for communicating data in the locomotive consist, network data is transmitted from the lead locomotive in the locomotive consist to one or more of the trail locomotives in the locomotive consist. The network data is transmitted over the MU cable bus. Each locomotive may include a computer unit or other electronic component, which along with the MU cable bus form a network in the train, e.g., an Ethernet network.

Abstract: An electrical device is provided for a power line system for data transmission, including at least one line of a power supply network, at least one signal line, and a coupling region wherein the at least one line of the power supply network and the at least one signal line are partially arranged. The at least one line of the power supply network and the at least one signal line are electrically isolated from each other and capacitively coupled to each other in the coupling region. A motor vehicle is equipped with the power line system for data transmission.

Abstract: A system includes a first communication module to be coupled to a first transmission medium for distributing power using a voltage waveform having a first amplitude; and a second communication module to be coupled to a second transmission medium for distributing power using a voltage waveform having a second amplitude different from the first amplitude, the second transmission medium being coupled to the first transmission medium. Each of the first and second communication modules is configured to use signals that propagate between the first and second transmission media.

Abstract: A device for enabling a local area network wiring structure to simultaneously carry digital data and analog telephone signals on the same transmission medium. It is particularly applicable to a network in star topology, in which remote data units (e.g. personal computers) are each connected to a hub through a cable comprising at least two pairs of conductors, providing a data communication path in each direction. Modules at each end of the cable provide a phantom path for telephony (voice band), signals between a telephone near the data set and a PBX, through both conductor pairs in a phantom circuit arrangement. All such communication paths function simultaneously and without mutual interference. The modules comprise simple and inexpensive passive circuit components.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a multi-bit digital signal isolation system including a plurality of micro-transformers, each having a primary winding and a secondary winding, a transmitter circuit receiving a multi-bit signal and transmitting an encoded logic signal across the plurality of micro-transformers corresponding to the multi-bit signal, the primary winding of each micro-transformer receiving a signal corresponding to one of at least three possible states, and a receiver circuit receiving the encoded logic signal from the secondary windings of the plurality of transformers, decoding the encoded logic signal and reconstructing the received multi-bit signal based upon the decoded signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor integrated circuit device including a transmitting circuit and a receiving coil inductively coupled to a transmitting coil. The transmitting circuit transmits data by supplying a current through the transmitting coil not at the time of transition of data but at every rising edge or falling edge of a clock used in transmission of data. At every rising edge or falling edge of the clock, a receiving circuit captures a voltage induced in the receiving coil due to the current flowing through the transmitting coil, reproduces the transmitted data and outputs the reproduced data.

Abstract: A noise cancellation system has a first transformer with an input side and an output side, the input side having first and second taps coupled to a signal provider, and a center tap providing a first common-mode voltage signal. A first digital subscriber line (xDSL) modem has an input coupled to the output side of the first transformer and an output coupled to customer premises equipment (CPE) for providing an xDSL signal to the CPE. A second transformer has an input side and an output side, the input side having first and second taps coupled to a signal provider, and a center tap providing a second common-mode voltage signal. A second xDSL modem is coupled to the output side of the second transformer. The difference between the first and second common-mode voltage signals is provided to at least one of the first and second xDSL modems to filter out noise from the xDSL signal provided by that modem.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to generate a common-mode reference signal. A common-mode current is received at a common-mode current sensing circuit. The common-mode current is sampled at a node between the common-mode current sensing circuit and a shunt resistor. The resulting voltage across the shunt resistor from the applied common-mode current is used as a common-mode reference signal.

Abstract: A signal transmitting device and a method for transmitting via a signal transmitting device is disclosed. In one embodiment the transmitting device comprises a first resonant circuit with a resonant circuit inductance and a resonant circuit capacitance and a second resonant circuit with a resonant circuit inductance and a resonant circuit capacitance, a coupling element which couples the first resonant circuit to the second resonant circuit, a first excitation circuit, coupled to the first resonant circuit, and at least one further excitation circuit coupled to the second resonant circuit.

Abstract: An isolator that includes first and second substantially identical circuitry galvanically isolated from each other and each having at least one communications channel thereon for communicating signals across an isolation boundary therebetween and each of said first and second circuitry having configurable functionality associated with the operation thereof. A coupling device is provided for coupling signal across the isolation boundary between the at least one communication channels of the first and second circuitry. First and second configuration memories are provided, each associated with a respective one of the first and second circuitry. First and second configuration control devices are provided, each associated with a respective one of the first and second circuitry and each configuring the functionality of the associated one of the first and second circuitry.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, an integrated circuit comprises an encoding module, a modulation module and a spectral shaped module. The encoding module includes an interleaver that adapted to operate in a plurality of modes including a first mode and a second mode. The interleaver performs repetitive encoding when placed in the second mode. The modulation module is adapted to compensate for attenuations that are to be realized during propagation of a transmitted signal over the power line. The spectral shaped module is adapted to compensate for amplitude distortion and further compensates for attenuations that will be realized during propagation of the transmitted signal over the power line.

Abstract: A network architecture for underground communication using redundant interconnected communication systems utilizes an aboveground master control station to send a status request message to a belowground gateway. The gateway may then, in turn, broadcast a status request message to a plurality of communication hubs located throughout an underground region using each of a plurality of potentially available communication systems. In the event that one of the communication hubs fails to respond over the then-current communication system, the master control station may switch the current communication system being used to a truly available system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transceiver with power-saving function and the method thereof, in which when the network is on link-down status, the transmitter will enter the power-saving mode, and with an auxiliary circuit to provide a comfortable common-mode voltage and to present comfortable impedance matching to save the power consumption.

Abstract: A system includes a first device having a first transceiver and a first device electrode pair connected to the first transceiver, and a second device having a second transceiver and a second device electrode pair connected to the second transceiver. The second device electrode pair is located relative to the first device electrode pair such that the first device electrode pair and the second device electrode pair form a capacitive network. The first transceiver and second transceiver are each configured to receive a plurality of bits, encode each bit of the plurality of bits, and DC balance and transmit each of the plurality of encoded bits over the capacitive network. Methods for use with the system are provided for encoding and transmitting data, as well as receiving and decoding the encoded data.

Abstract: A network contains a main pipe, a branch pipe leading to the main pipe, an electric data line laid in the main pipe and one laid in the individual connecting pipe, one central data distribution unit and a terminal unit. A data line is introduced into the main pipe and is connected to the data distribution unit, its other end laid in the system of pipes being configured as a transmitting or receive antenna. An additional data line is introduced into the system of pipes via the individual connecting pipe and is connected to the terminal unit with one end and another end is configured as a transmitting or receive antenna. The transmitting or receive antenna of the data line serving as an antenna and the transmitting or receive antenna of the additional data line form a pair of antennas between the antennas of which a radio link exists.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a transmission line pre-emphasis circuit includes a primary signal path generating a primary differential output current indicative of a digital data stream and a secondary signal path including a pulse shaping stage incorporating a network and a scaling stage. The pre-emphasis circuit generates an overshoot pulse with variable pulse width. In another embodiment, a transmission line pre-emphasis circuit includes a primary signal path generating a primary differential output current indicative of a digital data stream and one or more secondary signal paths incorporating a network implementing a specific transient response. Each of the secondary signal paths includes a scaling stage and a shaping stage each with programmable bias current. The scaling stage can be configured before or after the shaping amplifier. The pre-emphasis circuit generates an overshoot signal with variable amplitude and/or variable width.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a transmission line pre-emphasis circuit includes a primary signal path generating a primary differential output current indicative of a digital data stream and a secondary signal path including a pulse shaping stage incorporating a network and a scaling stage. The pre-emphasis circuit generates an overshoot pulse with variable pulse width. In another embodiment, a transmission line pre-emphasis circuit includes a primary signal path generating a primary differential output current indicative of a digital data stream and one or more secondary signal paths incorporating a network implementing a specific transient response. Each of the secondary signal paths includes a scaling stage and a shaping stage each with programmable bias current. The scaling stage can be configured before or after the shaping amplifier. The pre-emphasis circuit generates an overshoot signal with variable amplitude and/or variable width.

Abstract: A communication system includes a synchronizing signal generator that generates a synchronizing signal based on a timing of an alternating waveform in a power line, a data communicating circuit that performs the data communication, and a communication controller that controls to acquire a transmitting right utilizing a timing of the synchronizing signal and to control the communication circuit in accordance with whether or not the communication apparatus acquires the transmitting right.

Abstract: A digital communication system comprising a host and a client, the host calls the client via two transmission lines. The host includes a processor, a first control unit, a second control unit, a high frequency transformer and an interface unit. The digital communication system utilizes the first control unit and the high frequency transformer to modulate outgoing signals. The digital communication system utilizes the second unit and the high frequency transformer to demodulate incoming signals.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for providing a communication system for handling pulse information. Embodiments of the invention provide a pulse shaping unit operable to avoid saturation of the pulse transformer, while being easily incorporated into IC processes. Some embodiments of the pulse shaping unit provide a two-to-three level driver unit for converting a two-level input voltage signal to a three-level driver signal for driving a pulse transformer. Other embodiments of the pulse shaping unit provide components configured to differentially drive a pulse transformer, effectively converting a two-level input voltage signal to a three-level driver signal.

Abstract: In a transmission device for differential communication, a first cathode-side element part is coupled between a first communication line and a cathode-side power supply line, a second cathode-side element part is coupled between a second communication line and the cathode-side power supply line, a first anode-side element part is coupled between the first communication line and an anode-side power supply line, and a second anode-side element part is coupled between the second communication line and the anode-side power supply line. A driving portion drives the element parts based on transmission data input from an outside. A target potential generating portion generates target potentials of the element parts based on potentials of the first communication line and the second communication line.

Abstract: A digital communication system, an indoor unit, and an outdoor unit in which characteristic variation due to temperature is small are provided. The digital communication system comprises an IDU 1 and an ODU 6 connected through a cable 8, in which the IDU 1 includes a slope equalizer 2 which applies a given frequency characteristic to a baseband signal, a DAC 3 which converts the baseband signal from digital form into analog form, and an AGC circuit 5 which amplifies the baseband signal converted from digital form into analog form with a given amplification factor and outputs the signal to the ODU 6, and the ODU 6 includes a power detection circuit 7 which detects a length of the cable 8, determines a frequency characteristic to be applied to the baseband signal and an amplification factor according to the detected length of the cable 8 and notifies the determined frequency characteristic and amplification factor to the slope equalizer 2 and the AGC circuit 5 respectively.

Abstract: A transmission line pre-emphasis circuit includes a primary signal path receiving a digital data stream and generating a primary output current indicative of the digital data stream, one or more secondary signal paths each incorporating a network implementing a specific transient response where the one or more secondary signal paths receive the digital data stream and generate secondary output currents representing one or more overshoot signals indicative of the transient response of the respective network. The one or more secondary signal paths have variable gain being programmed through respective DC programming signals. The secondary output currents are summed with the primary output current. The transmission line pre-emphasis circuit further includes an output loading stage coupled to generate from the summed current a pre-emphasized digital output signal indicative of the one or more overshoot signals added to the digital data stream.

Abstract: A system for communicating over a power cable has a power line connected to a power source at one end, a switch mode transformer connected to the power line at the other end for transforming voltage received from the power source through the power line, modulation of the switch mode transformer, and a receiver situated at the power source end and adapted to detect and process ripple signals from the switch mode transformer propagated on the power line.

Abstract: Systems and methods for designing, using, and/or implementing communications in beacon-enabled networks are described. In various implementations, these systems and methods may be applicable to power line communications (PLC). For example, a method may include identifying one of a plurality of orthogonal superframes. The identified superframe may include beacon slots and contention access period (CAP) slots. The beacon slots may follow a sequence of two or more frequency subbands, and the CAP slots may follow the same sequence of two or more frequency subbands. Also, the sequence of two or more frequency subbands may be distinct from other sequences of two or more frequency subbands followed by other beacon slots and CAP slots within others of the plurality of available superframes. The method may then include communicating with another device using the identified superframe.

Abstract: A magnetic package for a communication system is disclosed the package comprises a plurality of transformers, wherein each transformer comprises a differential transformer. Each differential transformer comprises at least 2 sets of three pins. Each transformer is coupled to a twisted pair channel and a transceiver. The magnetic package includes at least one common mode transformer coupled to at least one of the transformers, wherein the at least one common mode transformer includes at least three pins. The at least three pins for the at least one common mode transformer are in a position relative to the other pins such that the package size is minimized.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for producing a transmission signal to be transferred over a transmission path from an input signal, for example an xDSL signal, wherein a bandwidth of the input signal is distributed onto a plurality of frequency bands in such a way that part signals are obtained corresponding to the individual frequency bands, and wherein each part signal is conducted to separate line drivers, and wherein output signals of the individual line drivers are combined to form the transmission signal to be transferred over the transmission path by combination means, which can be designed as an adder. In order to obtain the frequency band which pertains in each case from the input signal, which can be transformed into an analogue signal with a D/A converter, filter means can be used.

Abstract: A receiver with a balanced I/Q transformer is described. In an exemplary design, the receiver includes an LNA that amplifies a received RF signal and provides a single-ended RF signal to the balanced I/Q transformer. The balanced I/Q transformer includes at least one primary coil and first and second secondary coils. The first secondary coil is magnetically coupled to the at least one primary coil and provides a first differential RF signal to a first mixer. The second secondary coil is magnetically coupled to the at least one primary coil and provides a second differential RF signal to a second mixer. The first and second mixers downconvert the first and second differential RF signals with I and Q LO signals, respectively, and provide differential I and Q downconverted signals. The primary and secondary coils may be fabricated on two conductive layers of an integrated circuit.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method and apparatus are described to transmit a data signal from a power supply unit, over existing direct current (DC) power transmission lines, to a residential gateway which includes an infrared (IR) receiver designed to receive optical signals. In one embodiment, the IR receiver is configured to receive a carrier current communication signal from the power supply unit over a pair of copper wires coupled to the IR receiver. The carrier current communication signals may be encoded by a transmission encoding logic circuit using pulse position modulation techniques. The received carrier current communication signals may be demodulated and decoded to reproduce an input data stream.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detection of load impedance modulation as a result of communication of data from the secondary to the primary side of a transformer are presented. The load impedance on the secondary of the transformer barrier is modulated differentially using data to be communicated across the barrier. A detection circuit on the primary side isolates the load current from the magnetizing current in the primary. The load current is subsequently integrated over two consecutive Manchester periods and the integrated value from the first Manchester period is compared against that of the second period thereby recovering the receive data.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and a high speed communication device that allow one of a plurality of high speed communication devices connected to a transmission line having a normal impedance to effectively receive data. The high speed communication device can include a transmission line interface connected to the transmission line, a receiver connected to the transmission line interface, and a transmitter selectively coupled to the transmission line interface. The transmitter can have an impedance substantially equal to the normal line impedance. The high speed communication device can present a high impedance to the transmission line with respect to the normal line impedance when the transmitter is not coupled to the transmission line interface, and the high speed communication device can present an impedance to the transmission line that is substantially equal to the normal line impedance when the transmitter is coupled to the transmission line interface.

Abstract: An access node of a communication system comprises a plurality of transmitters adapted for communication with at least one receiver. The access node is operative to simultaneously estimate channel coefficients between multiple ones of the transmitters and the receiver, and to utilize the estimated channel coefficients to control at least one data signal sent by at least one of the multiple transmitters to the receiver. In the process of simultaneously estimating the channel coefficients, the access node transmits a plurality of distinct probing signals generated based on respective ones of a plurality of different frequency expansions. For example, each of the distinct probing signals may be generated based on a distinct combination of a common probing sequence and a selected one of the plurality of different frequency expansions.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an artificial noise (AN) controller coupled to a digital subscriber line (DSL) transmitter and configured to adjust an AN level for a signal transmitted by the DSL transmitter, wherein the AN level is adjusted based on an actual signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the signal from the receiver to achieve a desired SNR for the signal. Also disclosed is a method comprising maintaining a data rate in a line at about a desired level by adjusting an AN level in a transmitted signal based on a SNR of a received signal.

Abstract: A network transmitting apparatus and a power saving method thereof are provided. The network transmitting apparatus includes a chip, a transformer, and a power regulating unit. The chip includes a detecting and controlling unit, an analog circuit, and a digital circuit. The detecting and controlling unit receives a received signal and detects the received signal and a state of the chip to generate a first control signal. The transformer has a first side coupled to the chip and a second side. The power regulating unit coupled to the detecting and controlling unit and a center tap of the first side of the transformer is used for receiving a voltage, generating a first regulated voltage according to the first control signal, and connecting the first regulated voltage to the center tap of the first side of the transformer, the analog circuit, and the digital circuit.