Abstract: A method is provided of a wireless communication device operating in connection with a cellular communication system providing a serving cell and one or more interfering cells. A signal is received comprising symbols of the serving cell transmitted in a downlink channel and symbols of the one or more interfering cells and a first function of a signal-to-interference ratio of the received signal is calculated. One or more of the interfering cells are selected as dominant interfering cells based on a respective average power of reference symbols of the one or more interfering cells in the received signal, an average power of demodulated symbols of the serving cell in the received signal and a respective average power of demodulated symbols of each of the dominant interfering cells in the received signal are determined.

Abstract: A technique for assessing the reliability of bits received by a modulation symbol on a channel is provided. A providing circuit provides an input dataset including a plurality of input values. The input values correspond to different transmit hypotheses according to a modulation alphabet used for encoding the bits in the symbol. A computing circuit performs a first computing step and a second computing step. In the first computing step, a first intermediary dataset is computed by combining the input values of the input dataset according to a first combination scheme. In the second computing step, a second intermediary dataset is computed by combining the input values of the input dataset according to a second combination scheme. The second combination scheme is different from the first combination scheme. An assessing circuit assesses the reliability of the bits based on the first intermediary dataset and the second intermediary dataset.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a decoding path selection device for decoding codewords generated by convolutional codes or turbo codes encoders in error correction codes, the decoding path selection device comprising: a branch metrics calculation unit for receiving incoming signals and calculating branch metrics values; a programmable generalized trellis router for generating a decoding path control signal according to the turbo code or convolutional code specification employed by one of communications standards; a multiplexer for receiving the branch metrics values from the branch metrics calculation unit and the decoding path control signal from the programmable generalized trellis router and selecting a corresponding branch metrics value; a recursive calculation unit, connected after the multiplexer and for receiving the corresponding branch metrics value from the multiplexer; and an a-posteriori probability calculation unit, connected after the recursive calculation unit and for calculating a final decod

Abstract: Systems and method for adaptive constellation mapping determine transmission formats for simultaneous transmission from multiple transmitter chains. The adaptive constellation mapping can select a winning combination of mappings using distance metrics. The distance metrics can be calculated from estimated received signal constellations at a multi-layer receiver. The multi-layer receiver can separate the data received from each of the transmitter chains. Additional systems and method can determine a whether to use adaptive constellation mapping or an alternate transmission format. Further systems and methods can determine a transmit arrangement that include selection of which of multiple transmitters will be a part of an adaptive constellation mapping transmission, the number of layers that will be transmitted by each transmitter, the transmitter chains that will be used, and which of multiple antennas that will be used.

Abstract: A subscriber unit, including an antenna array and an antenna array interface coupled to the antenna array, is described. Wireless transmissions, at least two of which are based on different directional transmissions from a transmitter, are received at the antenna array. Feedback messages are generated using the antenna array interface. The feedback messages are communicated using the antenna array to adjust settings of the transmitter.

Abstract: A WAP including: a sounding mode module, a sounding matrix generator, a sounding aggregator, a gain normalizer and a beamforming expansion module. The sounding mode module determines whether a number of communication streams supported by the WAP matches the number of streams contained in a sounding response from a station, and initiates a composite set of soundings when those capabilities do not match. The sounding matrix generator generates linearly independent spatial mapping matrices each associated with a corresponding one of the set of composite soundings and at least one reference SMM. The sounding aggregator aggregates partial sounding feedback matrices received from the targeted station node in response to the composite soundings. The gain normalizer normalizes the partial sounding feedback matrices utilizing the reference SMM. The beamforming expansion module expands the aggregated sounding feedback matrices into a full beamforming matrix for spatially mapping downlink communications.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for estimating one or more channel properties of a downlink from a cellular communications network based on quasi co-located antenna ports with respect to the one or more channel properties. In one embodiment, a wireless device receives a downlink subframe including a downlink control channel from the cellular communications network. The wireless device estimates one or more large-scale channel properties for an antenna port of interest in the downlink control channel based on a subset of reference signals that correspond to antenna ports in the cellular communications network that are quasi co-located with the antenna port of interest with respect to the one or more large-scale channel properties. As a result of using the quasi co-located antenna ports, estimation of the one or more large-scale channel properties is substantially improved.

Abstract: There is provided a method comprising estimating bit rate information for first traffic if said first traffic were to be routed between a user equipment which is attached to a first network and a network access point of a second network and determining if said first traffic is to be routed between said user equipment and said network access point in dependence on said estimated bit rate information.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and provide a decoding method and a decoder, which are used to reduce decoding complexity. The method includes: receiving a to-be-decoded signal; performing region decision on the to-be-decoded signal according to a region decision rule formed by S region decision formulas, to acquire a region decision result; acquiring N constellation points according to the decision result, where the N constellation points are separately constellation points that are in the N subsets and that are closest to the to-be-decoded signal; acquiring N non-encoded bits corresponding to the N constellation points, and branch metrics between the to-be-decoded signal and the N constellation points; and performing Viterbi decoding based on the branch metrics and the N non-encoded bits, and outputting a decoding result corresponding to the to-be-decoded signal. The present invention is applicable to a signal decoding scenario.

Abstract: An improved slicer for a data receiver is described. In particular, an improved slicer architecture with improved noise immunity and improved tolerance to signal level shift of an input signal to the data receiver is disclosed. The improvement is achieved through using multiple comparators to account for a wider range of the noise and input signal level shift. Other methods and apparatuses are described therein, including a two-comparator and a four comparator embodiments.

Abstract: A communication device is provided comprising a frontend component configured to receive a signal being a combination of an information signal and an interference signal; a first interference removal component configured to reconstruct the interference signal and to subtract the reconstructed interference signal from the received signal to generate a first processed received signal; a second interference removal component configured to equalize the received signal based on channel information of a channel between the device and a sender of the information signal and channel information of a channel between the device and a sender of the interference signal to generate a second processed received signal; and a processor configured to reproduce information contained in the information signal based on the one of the processed received signals or a combination of the processed received signals based a comparison of the first processed received signal and the second processed received signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device and method of decoding code blocks of a transport block of a communication signal using a decoder. The method comprises making an assumption about how many decoder iterations should be used for different code blocks of the code blocks of the transport block, wherein the assumption is made based on a study of code block soft-bits. The method also comprises decoding the transport block using different numbers of decoder iterations for the different code blocks, based on the made assumption about how many decoder iterations should be used for the different code blocks.

Abstract: At least one magnetic nanowire including multiple cells; a write-read head combined with a first contact of the magnetic nanowire; and a read-only head combined with a second contact of the magnetic nanowire. Data stored through a write head included in the write-read head are read in sequence through a read head included in the write-read head in response to a last in first out (LIFO) method.

Abstract: The present disclosure presents example methods and apparatuses for improved cell searching in a wireless communications environment. For example, the disclosure presents example methods that can include computing a predicted serving signal strength associated with a serving cell where a mobility state of a user equipment is one of a stationary state or a low mobility state. Furthermore, in an aspect, the example method can include ascertaining a search threshold based at least on the predicted serving signal strength and generating a search integration length based on at least the search threshold. In addition, some example methods may include scanning for one or more reselection candidate cells based on at least the search integration length, wherein each of the one or more reselection candidate cells has a cell signal strength greater than the search threshold.

Abstract: A receiving device includes a first processing unit configured to execute a first demodulation process on a second signal transmitted in a second radio area different from a first radio area in which a first signal as a desired signal is transmitted; a first estimation unit configured to execute a first estimation process of estimating a channel for the second radio area based on an execution result of the first demodulation process; and a second processing unit configured to execute a cancellation process of cancelling a component from a received signal based on the estimated channel, the component being attributed to the second signal transmitted in the second radio area, wherein the receiving device executes a second demodulation process on the desired signal based on an execution result of the cancellation process.

Abstract: A forward error correction and differentially encoded signal obtained via a communication channel is supplied to a soft-input soft-output (SISO) differential decoder that is bi-directionally coupled to a SISO forward error correction decoder. Over a first portion of a plurality of decoding iterations of the differentially encoded signal, the SISO differential decoder and the SISO forward error correction decoder are operated in a turbo decoding mode in which decoded messages generated by the SISO differential decoder are supplied to the SISO forward error correction decoder and forward error correction messages are supplied to the differential decoder. Over a second portion of the plurality of decoding iterations of the differentially encoded signal, the SISO forward error correction decoder is operated in a non-turbo decoding mode without any messages passing to and from the SISO differential decoder. Decoder output is obtained from the SISO forward error correction decoder.

Abstract: Proposed is a method of optical data transmission. The method comprises different steps. At least one stream of data bits is received. Sets of data bits are mapped onto successive logical states. The logical states correspond to respective sets of two initial QPSK symbols chosen according to a QPSK mapping and according to a set partitioning rule. The logical states are differentially encoded according to a differential encoding rule. For the differentially encoded logical states respective sets of two resulting QPSK symbols are derived according to the QPSK mapping and according to the set partitioning rule. The encoded sets of two QPSK symbols are transmitted using polarization division multiplexing. The differential encoding rule results in a differential encoding of one of the initial QPSK symbols but not the other of the initial QPSK symbols.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe devices, apparatus, methods, computer-readable media and system configurations for processing elementary check nodes associated with an iterative decoder in a manner that conserves computing resources. In various embodiments, first and second sets of m tuples may be received, e.g., as input for the elementary check node. Each tuple may include a symbol and a probability that the symbol is correct, and the first and second sets of m tuples may be sorted by their respective probabilities. In various embodiments, less than all combinations of the first and second sets of m tuples may be computed for consideration as output of the elementary check node, and some computed combinations may be eliminated from consideration as output. In various embodiments, the elementary check node may output a set of m output tuples with the highest probabilities. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: A method includes transmitting, at a first time, a first transmission vector signal towards an antenna via a feeder cable connected to the antenna; receiving a first reflected vector signal, the first reflected vector signal being a reflection of the first transmission vector signal reflected from a point in the feeder cable; determining a first transformed transmission vector signal by performing a first vector forward transform on the first transmission vector signal; determining a first transformed reflected vector signal by performing a first vector forward transform on the first reflected vector signal; determining a first complex conjugate vector signal based on the first transmission vector signal and the first reflected vector signal; determining a first computed vector signal by performing a first vector inverse transform on the first complex conjugate vector signal; and determining a first sub-vector by performing a windowing function based on the first computed vector signal.

Abstract: Multiple symbol noncoherent soft output detectors in accordance with embodiments of the invention are disclosed. In a number of embodiments, the multiple symbol noncoherent soft output detector uses soft metrics based on the Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR) of each symbol to provide information concerning the reliability of each detected symbol. One embodiment of the invention includes a receiver configured to receive and sample a phase modulated input signal, and a multiple symbol noncoherent soft output detector configured to receive the sampled input signal and to generate a soft metric indicative of the reliability of a detected symbol based upon observations over multiple symbols.

Abstract: A method for interleaved multi-dimensional encoding, the method may include receiving or generating a first version of a group of bits and a second version of the group of bits, wherein the first and second versions differ from each other by an arrangement of bits of the group of bits; and encoding the first and second versions of the groups of bits in an interleaved manner; wherein the encoding comprises calculating at least one codeword component of the first version by encoding a set of bits of the first version and at least a portion of a redundancy of at least one data entity of the second version and calculating at least one codeword component of the second version by encoding a set of bits of the second version and at least a portion of a redundancy of at least one data entity of the first version.

Abstract: An encoding method of generating an encoded sequence by performing encoding of a given encoding rate based on a predetermined parity check matrix. The predetermined matrix is either a first parity check matrix or a second parity check matrix. The first parity check matrix corresponds to a low density parity check (LDPC) convolutional code that uses a plurality of parity check polynomials, and the second parity check matrix is generated by performing at least one of row permutation and column permutation on the first parity check matrix. A parity check polynomial satisfying zero of the LDPC convolutional code is expressible by using a specific mathematical expression.

Abstract: An indexed file layout, comprising index information, is defined for segmented streaming of multimedia content. The index information can comprise program description information and streaming segment index information. In addition, the layout can comprise files containing streaming segments of the program, where the streaming segments are each encoded at one or more bitrates independently of other streaming segments of the program. The layout supports client switching between different bitrates at segment boundaries. Optimized client-side rate control of streaming content can be provided by defining a plurality of states, selecting available paths based on constraint conditions, and selecting a best path through the states (e.g., based on a distortion measure). In one client-side rate control solution states correspond to a specific bitrate of a specific streaming segment, and in another client-side rate control solution states correspond to a measure of client buffer fullness.

Abstract: Methods and systems for beam forming, implemented in a base station used in a communication system, include measuring channel state information (CSI) for a number of active phased-array antennas less than a full number of phased-array antennas. Analog beam forming weights are determined using the measured CSI. An optimal digital precoder is determined from the analog beam forming weights. The analog beam forming weights and optimal digital precoder are applied to one phased-array antenna.

Abstract: A low-density parity-check decoder utilizes information about hard errors in a storage medium to identify bit locations to flip log-likelihood ratios while attempting to decode codewords. The decoder iteratively flips and saturates log-likelihood ratios for bits at hard error locations and re-decodes until a valid codeword is produced. The decoder also identifies variable nodes associated with trapping sets for iterative log-likelihood ratio bit flipping.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to adapting transmitter configuration for efficient concurrent primary user detection through adaptive self-interference cancellation. A wireless transmitting device may schedule a transmission in a shared spectrum. The device may scan at least a portion of the shared spectrum during the transmission to receive a signal. Interference caused by the transmission may he cancelled from the received signal using self-interference cancellation circuitry. The device may determine whether the received signal indicates usage by a primary user of the shared spectrum. In an aspect, the transmission may be a SISO transmission. In another aspect, carrier aggregation may be used for the transmission and a potential carrier may be subject to primary user detection.

Abstract: A process capable of employing compression and decompression mechanism to receive and decode soft information is disclosed. Upon receiving a set of signals representing a logic value from a transmitter via a physical communication channel, the set of signals is demodulated in accordance with a soft decoding scheme and subsequently, a Log Likelihood Ratio (“LLR”) value representing the logic value is generated. After generating a quantized LLR value in response to the LLR value via a non-linear LLR quantizer, the quantized LLR value representing the compressed logic value is stored in a local storage.

Abstract: A method for measuring a signal-to-noise ratio when decoding Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes is provided. The method includes receiving from an input of a demodulator an input code word with “strong” or “weak” solutions, decoding the input code word in a LDPC decoder using a predetermined dependence of a mean number of iterations on the signal-to-noise ratio, recording a number of iterations performed during the decoding of the input code word, averaging derived values of the number of iterations for a specified time interval, estimating a signal-to-noise ratio based on averaged derived values of the number of iterations and based on the predetermined dependence of the mean number of iterations on the signal-to-noise ratio, and generating an output decoded code word.

Abstract: A Forward Error Correction (FEC) decoder is provided, for example including a Layered Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) component. In an implementation, power consumption of the LDPC decoder is minimized with minimal to no impact on the error correction performance. This is achieved, in an implementation, by partially or fully eliminating redundant operations in the iterative process.

Abstract: A method for system for dynamic channel Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR) quantization for a Solid State Drive (SSD) controller is a targeted approach to scaling which results in a scaled, quantized set of LLRs whose relative magnitude remains undisturbed from an original magnitude. The method reads a set of voltages from each channel of the SSD. The set of reads is configured in location and number for performance. Once a set is returned, the method determines an LLR for each of the voltages read resulting in a raw set of LLRs. Targeted scaling results in a scaled set of LLRs between an upper limit and a lower limit determined for reading by a decoder. Once scaled, the LLRs are rounded and quantized for use by the decoder to produce an Error Correction Code (ECC).

Abstract: A modified soft output Viterbi algorithm (SOVA) detector receives a sequence of soft information values and determines a best path and an alternate path for each soft information value and further determines, when the best and alternate paths lead to the same value for a given soft information value, whether there is a third path departing from the alternate path that leads to an opposite decision with respect to the best path for a given soft information value. The SOVA detector then considers this third path when updating the reliability of the best path. The modified SOVA detector achieves max-log-map equivalence effectively through the Fossorier approach and includes modified reliability metric units for the first N stages of the SOVA detector, where N is the memory depth of a given path, and includes conventional reliability metric units for the remaining stages of the detector.

Abstract: A modulation coding scheme (MCS) is selected from i) a first set of MCSs when the selected channel bandwidth is a first channel bandwidth, or ii) a second set of MCSs when the selected channel bandwidth is a second channel bandwidth, wherein the first set of MCSs is different than the second set of MCSs, and the second set of MCSs excludes MCSs from the first set of MCSs that will result in a padding-related constraint not being met when the second channel bandwidth is to be used. Information bits are interleaved, which includes applying a frequency rotation. The information bits are modulated according to the selected MCS. A plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols are generated using the modulated information bits.

Abstract: A method, a user equipment and a base station are provided. The method is for transmitting Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request-Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information in a communication system in which two carriers are configured, which includes: a user equipment encodes a codeword of the two carriers. The codeword represents encoded HARQ-ACK information of a first carrier and a second carrier according to a specific encoding scheme of dual-carrier configured with Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (DC-MIMO). The user equipment then transmits the encoded codeword of the two carriers to a base station. Therefore, bit error ratio (BER) and detection error cost are decreased, power overhead is saved, and a cubic metric (CM) value of the system is not affected, thereby enhancing the performance of the system.

Abstract: A decoder to search a tree graph to decode a received signal. The tree graph may have a plurality of levels, each level having a plurality of nodes and each node representing a different value of an element of a candidate transmit signal corresponding to the received signal. The decoder may include a first module to execute a branch prediction at each branch node to select one of a plurality of candidate nodes stemming from the branch node that has a smallest distance increment, and a second module, running in parallel to the first module, to evaluate the branch prediction made by the first module at each branch node by computing an accumulated distance of the selected node. If the accumulated distance of the selected node is greater than or equal to a search radius, the first module may override the branch prediction and select an alternative candidate node.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for decoding data. A decoder receives a plurality of variable node values for a plurality of variable nodes and processed reliability data for at least a subset of the plurality of variable nodes. Circuitry updates the variable node values based on the variable node values and the processed reliability data. The processed reliability data represents a version of the reliability data for at least the subset of the plurality of variable nodes.

Abstract: A digital demodulation system calculates an I channel value and a Q channel value of a received signal. The digital demodulation system then changes detection levels to obtain non-uniform detection levels. The digital demodulation system then demodulates the received signal bit by bit by using the changed detection levels and the I channel value and the Q channel value.

Abstract: A system and method involve receiving a plurality of samples of at least one orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) signal, the samples containing at least one complete OFDM symbol including data samples and a cyclic prefix comprising inter-symbol interference (ISI) samples and one or more ISI-free samples, and determining a symbol time offset estimate ? that minimizes the squared difference between the ISI-free samples and their corresponding data samples and satisfies a correlation based boundary condition.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an electronic system includes a decoder configured to decode an encoded data unit using multiple variable nodes and multiple check nodes to perform a low-density parity check (LDPC) decoding process. The encoded data unit can be received from a solid-state memory array. As part of performing the LDPC decoding process, the decoder can (i) convert reliability information representing first non-binary values to reliability information representing first binary values, (ii) determine reliability information representing second binary values using the reliability information representing first binary values, and (iii) convert the reliability information representing the second binary values to reliability information representing second non-binary values.

Abstract: This invention is related to a low-complexity MIMO detector in a wireless communication system with near optimal performance. An initial symbol estimation is performed for a received symbol vector. The soft information of the received symbol vector can be more accurately calculated using every candidate symbol vector of a combined set of candidate symbol vectors, wherein the combined set is generated based on the initial estimation. By combining aspects of both the linear detection and the ML detection, the complexity of the proposed detector becomes orders of magnitude lower than that of a ML detector, but the performance is very close to that of an ML detector.

Abstract: One or more embodiments provides a precoder selection method for performing hybrid beamforming in a wireless communication system. The method includes selecting a predetermined number of candidate transmit beams using a signal strength received through each of first combinations with receive beams that can be mapped to each transmit beam of each of transmit antennas mounted on a transmitter. The method also includes selecting a precoder using signal strength received through each of second combinations with receive beams that can be mapped to each of the candidate transmit beams.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for transmitting feedback of a mobile station (MS) in a wireless communication system supporting a multi-carrier operation are provided. The method includes transmitting feedback information to a base station, and in this case, the feedback information is transmitted through a MAC control message and the feedback information includes carrier information of an activation carrier related to the MAC control message.

Abstract: This method of generating precoders is used in optimising transmission capacity between an eNodeB and UEs in a DL MU-MIMO communication system. The method includes the steps of computing correlation values between pairs of precoding matrices (PMs) of the reported precoding matrix indicators (PMIs) (step 40), selecting a PM pair having a minimum correlation value (step 42). If the minimum correlation value is less than a lower threshold Tmin, the method uses a PM corresponding to the received PMI (step 44). If the minimum correlation value is greater than Tmin and less than an upper threshold Tmax, the method includes the steps of computing correlation values of the reported PMI and Channel Matrices (CMs) from a fixed codebook of representative CMs (step 48), selecting a CM pair having a maximum correlation value (step 52), and computing precoders from the selected CM pair (step 54).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and system for fine estimation of a local oscillator frequency offset of a received signal at a coherent receiver, by evaluating the probability mass function (PMF) of the signal phase of output symbols at different frequencies. At frequencies other than the actual frequency offset, the signal phase is uniformly distributed in [??,?] such that the summation of square of PMF (PMF sum-square) values is minimized. However at the actual frequency offset, the signal phase is no longer uniformly distributed over [??,?]; in other words the signal phase will take some specific values in [??,?], therefore a peak PMF sum-square value will result. This peak PMF value provides an indication of the actual offset frequency of the received signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating at least one signal based on at least one aspect of at least two received signals is provided. The apparatus comprises: a diverse antennae array of M antennae, where M is greater than or equal to two; at least one multiple-input and multiple-output capable transceiver in communication with each antenna in the diverse antennae array of M antennae; encoding circuitry capable of causing first data to be encoded; decoding circuitry capable of causing second data to be decoded; and processing capable of causing diversity combining, where the processing circuitry is in communication with the multiple-input and multiple-output capable transceiver, the encoding circuitry, and the decoding circuitry.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating at least one signal based on at least one aspect of at least two received signals is provided. The apparatus comprises: a diverse antennae array of M antennae, where M is greater than or equal to two; at least one multiple-input and multiple-output capable transceiver in communication with each antenna in the diverse antennae array of M antennae; encoding circuitry capable of causing first data to be encoded; decoding circuitry capable of causing second data to be decoded; and processing capable of causing diversity combining, where the processing circuitry is in communication with the multiple-input and multiple-output capable transceiver, the encoding circuitry, and the decoding circuitry.

Abstract: A method, a user equipment and a base station are provided. The method is for transmitting Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request-Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) information in a communication system in which two carriers are configured, which includes: a user equipment encodes a codeword of the two carriers. The codeword represents encoded HARQ-ACK information of a first carrier and a second carrier according to a specific encoding scheme of dual-carrier configured with Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (DC-MIMO). The user equipment then transmits the encoded codeword of the two carriers to a base station. Therefore, bit error ratio (BER) and detection error cost are decreased, power overhead is saved, and a cubic metric (CM) value of the system is not affected, thereby enhancing the performance of the system.

Abstract: A relay and a terminal in a multi-pair two-way network and a communication method thereof is provided. A communication method of a relay of a network including K transmit-and-receive pairs including a plurality of terminals, with the relay including M antennas and each of the terminals including N antennas, including accessing a codebook including codewords, the codebook being configured to enable effective channels from the K transmit-and-receive pairs to the relay to be aligned in independent dimensions, respectively, when the K transmit-and-receive pairs transmit signals simultaneously, each of the effective channels being aligned based on one of the codewords, selecting one or more of the codewords indicating the effective channels from the K transmit-and-receive pairs to the relay, respectively, and transmitting information associated with the selected codewords to corresponding ones of the K transmit-and-receive pairs.

Abstract: A transmission system may include a transformer, an adder, an encoder, and a transmitter. The transformer may segment and transform a data packet into segments. The adder may add a check code to each of the segments. The encoder may encode error correction to each of the segments with the added check code. A receiving system may include a receiver, a decoder, a checker, and a selector decoder. The decoder may decode error correction in each of the encoded segments. The checker may check the check code of the error corrected segments. The selector decoder may select at least one of the valid segments based upon the check code and transform the selected segments into a data packet.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for speech signal processing are provided. The method includes: receiving an encoded speech signal sent by a user equipment, where the encoded speech signal includes a first substream, a second substream, and a third substream, and the first substream is attached with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC); performing decoding processing on the first substream, the second substream, and the third substream by adopting a decoding algorithm, where a decoding algorithm that is based on an auxiliary decision of the CRC is adopted to perform decoding processing on the first substream; and sending decoding results of the first substream, the second substream, and the third substream to a base station controller, where the decoding result of the first substream includes a decoded bit stream and a CRC result. Decoding performance of the first substream is improved, and users' higher requirements for the speech quality are met.

Abstract: In accordance with particular embodiments, a method for adjusting power distribution includes establishing a connection between a base station and a plurality of remote transceivers. The method also includes establishing a plurality of wireless connections with a plurality of endpoints via one or more of the plurality of remote transceivers. The method further includes determining a plurality of signal quality indications. Each signal quality indication is associated with a different one of a plurality of unique endpoint-remote transceiver pairs. The method additionally includes determining a power distribution for the plurality of remote transceivers based on the plurality of signal quality indications and an optimization equation. The optimization equation is configured to optimize a data throughput associated with the plurality of wireless connections by determining a power gain for each of the wireless connections.