Abstract: A switching device is adapted for a true diversity receiver and contains: a control switch defined between two microcontrollers of two antennas and configured to switch RF wireless microphone signals so that the two microcontrollers execute a single-receiving dual true diversity program or a dual-receiving single true diversity program. The RF wireless microphone signals are received by the two antennas and are decoded to sound signals by two digital decoders respectively, and the sound signals are sent to two audio signal processors by a multiplexer which corresponds to the two microcontrollers to switch the sound signals of a single-receiving dual true diversity or a dual-receiving single true diversity. Thereafter, the sound signals are output by a sound signal mixer.

Abstract: Systems and methods for mitigating known interference at a receiving device are provided. A signal from a transmission source is received by a receiving device that is affected by an interference source. At least one of a first pilot signal associated with the transmission source and a second pilot signal associated with the interfering source is determined. The first pilot signal includes information broadcast from the transmission source and the second pilot signal includes information broadcast from the interference source. Interference caused by the interference source is mitigated from the received signal using at least one of the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal.

Abstract: A system that incorporates the subject disclosure may include, for example, a device to perform operations including determining a target playback latency not less than a greater of a first playback latency of a streaming media signal at a first media processor and a second playback latency of the first media signal at a second media processor. The streaming media signal includes a first in-content reference. A coordinated playback time is determined according to the target playback latency. A buffer, when adjusted by a buffer value, causes the first in-content reference to be encountered at a coordinated time during playback by the first media processor, which results in a synchronized playback of the streaming media between the first and second media processors. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an L1 signaling generator configured to generate L1 signaling including first information and second information; a frame generator configured to generate a frame including a payload including a plurality of sub frames; and a signal processor configured to insert a preamble including the L1 signaling in the frame and transmit the frame. The first information includes information required for decoding a first sub frame among the plurality of sub frames. Therefore, a processing delay in a receiving apparatus is reduced.

Abstract: A method of managing wirelessly transmitted use-data in a wireless data transmission environment, the method comprising: Receiving the wirelessly transmitted use-data by a first receiver and estimating a reception quality of the use-data received by the first receiver by applying a quality criterion. In case the reception quality meets the quality criterion, the method moreover comprises using a second receiver for background scanning the wireless data transmission environment, and in case the reception quality does not meet the quality criterion, the method moreover comprises using the second receiver additionally for reception of the use-data, thus providing both receivers for a diversity reception of the use-data.

Abstract: A method includes receiving, by a first device from a second device, a plurality of encoded messages on a plurality of transmission time intervals (TTIs), where the plurality of encoded messages are forward error correction (FEC) encoded, and where the FEC spans the plurality of encoded messages and decoding the plurality of encoded messages using FEC. The method also includes determining a plurality of decoding status messages in accordance with decoding the plurality of encoded messages and transmitting, by the first device to the second device, the plurality of decoding status messages less often than once every TTI.

Abstract: This specification provides a method for deciding a communication protocol between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver. To this end, a method for deciding a communication protocol by the wireless power receiver for data transmission or reception with the wireless power transmitter includes transmitting first communication protocol information indicating communication protocols supportable by the wireless power receiver itself to the wireless power transmitter, and deciding a communication protocol for the data transmission or data reception based on second communication protocol information, which indicates communication protocols selected based on the first communication protocol information, when the second communication protocol information is received from the wireless power transmitter.

Abstract: Described herein is an optical coherence tomograph (OCT) angiography technique based on the decorrelation of OCT signal amplitude to provide flow information. The full OCT spectrum can be split into several narrower spectral bands, resulting in the OCT resolution cell in each band being isotropic and less susceptible to axial motion nose. Inter-B-scan decorrelation can be determined using the individual spectral bands separately and then averaged. Recombining the decorrelation images from the spectral bands yields angiograms that use the full information in the entire OCT spectral range. Such images provide significant improvement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for both flow detection and connectivity of microvascular networks compared to other techniques. Further, creation of isotropic resolution cells can be useful for quantifying flow having equal sensitivity to axial and transverse flow.

Abstract: This specification provides a method for deciding a communication protocol between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver. To this end, a method for deciding a communication protocol by the wireless power receiver for data transmission or reception with the wireless power transmitter includes transmitting first communication protocol information indicating communication protocols supportable by the wireless power receiver itself to the wireless power transmitter, and deciding a communication protocol for the data transmission or data reception based on second communication protocol information, which indicates communication protocols selected based on the first communication protocol information, when the second communication protocol information is received from the wireless power transmitter.

Abstract: Interference in preamble signals and pilot signals in cooperative transmission using interference suppressing technology is avoided. A wireless apparatus for transmitting a wireless signal on which directivity control has been performed to stations in a wireless system including at least one wireless apparatus is provided with a known signal generating unit which generates a known signal to be added to the wireless signal, a weighting processing unit which performs weighting on the known signal generated by the known signal generating unit, and a wireless processing unit which transmits the known signal on which the weighting has been performed by the weighting processing unit.

Abstract: Channel state information (CSI) feedback in a wireless communication system is disclosed. User equipment transmits a CSI feedback signal via a Physical Uplink Control CHannel (PUCCH). If the UE is configured in a first feedback mode, the CSI comprises a first report jointly coding a Rank Indicator (RI) and a first precoding matrix indicator (PMI1), and a second report coding Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) and a second precoding matrix indicator (PMI2). If the UE is configured in a second feedback mode, the CSI comprises a first report coding RI, and a second report coding CQI, PMI1 and PMI2. The jointly coded RI and PMI1 employs codebook sub-sampling, and the jointly coding PMI1, PMI2 and CQI employs codebook sub-sampling.

Abstract: An example transmitter includes first and second circuit stages and interface circuits. The first circuit stage is configured to generate modulated signals each having a different carrier frequency from baseband signals. The second circuit stage is configured to generate radio frequency (RF) energy to be radiated by antenna(s). The interface circuits are coupled between the first circuit stage and the second circuit stage. The second circuit stage and the interface circuits are configurable to provide a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the second circuit stage provides transmit paths and the interface circuits couple each of the modulated signals to a respective one of the transmit paths. In the second mode, the second circuit stage provides a first transmit path and the interface circuits couple a sum of at least two of the modulated signals to the first transmit path.

Abstract: A sequence of symbols is received on a first channel. A noise contribution of a given synchronization symbol is estimated; a reference noise contribution of at least one further symbol is estimated. Based on the noise contribution and further based on the reference noise contribution the given synchronization symbol is selectively considered when determining a coupling coefficient of crosstalk between the first channel and a second channel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for transmitting/receiving data in a relay communication system. The method comprises the steps of: setting, as a guard band, the first predetermined number of symbol transmission slots of a data transmission period in a subframe resource element of a downlink channel constituted by a control signal transmission period to which a control signal is allocated and the data transmission period to which downlink data is allocated; allocating reference signals to symbols of the data transmission period; puncturing the symbols corresponding to the guard band from among the symbols to which said reference signals are allocated; and transmitting signals to which said reference signals are allocated.

Abstract: A method of connecting devices to a network is provided. The method includes providing base stations connected to a network, and at each of the base stations, receiving probe signals from terminal devices. For each of the terminal devices, the base station calculates a signature waveform based on a time-reversed waveform of a channel response signal derived from the corresponding probe signal. For each of the terminal devices, the base station determines a downlink transmit signal for the terminal device based on the downlink data and the corresponding signature waveform, and transmits the downlink signals to the terminal devices. Several base stations have overlapping broadcast regions, several terminal devices are located within the overlapped broadcast regions, the base stations transmit the downlink signals using a same frequency band, and some downlink signals transmitted by base stations having overlapping broadcast regions also overlap in time.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal calculates an interference rejection combining reception weight matrix so as to reduce interference with a desired beam by another beam, in which the desired beam is a beam of radio waves transmitted from a desired base station. The mobile communication terminal estimates an interference and noise power expected when the IRC is implemented based on the interference rejection combining reception weight matrix and calculates a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio expected when the IRC is implemented based on the interference and noise power. The mobile communication terminal measures or calculates received signal qualities relative to radio waves received from a plurality of base stations, to compensate for the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio or the interference and noise power.

Abstract: Wireless communication devices (UEs) may include multiple receive (RX) chains and associated antennas, and at least one transmit (TX) chain co-located with one of the RX chains. The UE may track instant fading of the antenna gain(s) during reception of packets from an associated access point (AP) device to which the UE intends to transmit packets. The UE may also track long term antenna gain(s), using any packets received at the multiple RX chains within the UE. At a switching occasion, a decision is made by the UE whether to switch antennas. If the instant fading detection is based on packets received no later than a specified time period prior to the switching occasion, then the UE may make the switching decision based on the results of the instant fading tracking. Otherwise, the UE may make the switching decision based on the results of the long term antenna gain tracking.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for detecting one or more predefined signals while suppressing interference. In some embodiments, a method of operation of a wireless device in a wireless network to detect a predetermined signal in the presence of interference comprises detecting one or more first cells and detecting one or more predetermined signals from a second cell while spatially filtering transmissions from one or more perceived directions of the one or more first cells, respectively. In this manner, detection of the one or more predefined signals from the second cell is improved. In some embodiments, the one or more first cells are strong relative to the weaker second cell.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for adaptively adjusting receiver operation for e.g., power optimization. In one embodiment, operation during diversity operation is adaptively adjusted. Diversity techniques consume significantly more power than non-diversity operation. However, the performance gain from receiver diversity is not always predictable. Consequently, in one embodiment, a device evaluates the overall performance gain contributed by diversity operation and, where the performance gain is insignificant or inadequate, the device disables diversity operation. In one implementation, the device can operate in a static single antenna mode, a dynamic single antenna mode and a dynamic multiple antenna mode.

Abstract: Wireless communication wherein channel estimation accuracy is improved while keeping the position of each bit in a frame, even when a modulation system having a large modulation multiple value is used for a data symbol. An encoding operation encodes and outputs transmitting data (bit string) and a bit converting operation converts at least one bit of a plurality of bits constituting a data symbol to be used for channel estimation, among the encoded bit strings, into ‘1’ or ‘0’. A modulating operation modulates the bit string inputted from the bit converting operation by using a single modulation mapper and a plurality of data symbols are generated.

Abstract: A wireless communication system includes a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The WTRU is configured to generate at least one local codebook based on a baseline codebook, and select a codeword from the local codebook that is associated with feedback.

Abstract: The application relates to a “wireless communication network including a station and an access point” which is in particular a Wi-Fi network according to the IEEE 802.11 standards. Internet service providers are searching for ways to get a better understanding of the end-user's wireless environment including link quality and performance. The proposed method calculates a performance value based on measured round trip times which are sent at different modulation rates. Based the change of performance in dependence of the modulation rate conclusions about the possible source of performance problems can be drawn, in particular it can be distinguished between (Bluetooth) interference and distance between station and access point being too large.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to improving maximum transmit power in multi-carrier reverse-link transmission. In one aspect, a method of carrier management for a multi-carrier reverse link transmission is disclosed. A method can include transmitting a reverse link signal on a plurality of carriers, and the reverse link signal including payload data and overhead data. A method can funnel payload data onto a first carrier of the plurality of carriers, while maintaining transmission of the overhead data on all the carriers of the plurality of carriers. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for reducing filter insertion loss while maintaining out-of-band attenuation. In some embodiments, a system can be configured for processing of radio-frequency (RF) signals. The system can include a plurality of signal paths configured to accommodate multiple frequency bands, with each of the multiple bands having a passband. The system can further include a filter circuit disposed along each of the signal paths. At least one of the filter circuits can be segmented into two or more segments that substantially cover the passband corresponding to the filter circuit. The segmented filter circuit can be configured to provide a desired attenuation of out-of-band interferers and a desired insertion loss level. In some embodiments, the signal paths can include receive (Rx) paths.

Abstract: A wireless communications system is presented that adapts its mode of operation between spatial and non-spatial multiplexing in response to transmission-specific variables. Mode determination logic determines, in response to a received signal, if spatial or non-spatial multiplexing should be used to transmit a subscriber datastream between the BTS and the UE. The mode determination logic receives a measure of a transmission characteristic of the signal, compares the transmission characteristic to a transmission characteristic threshold and selects either spatial or non-spatial multiplexing in response to the comparison. The transmission characteristic includes at least one of delay spread, post-processing signal-to-noise ratio, CRC failure, residual inter-symbol interference, mean square error, coherence time, and path loss.

Abstract: The embodiments herein relate to a method in a base station (301) for scheduling a user equipment (305) in a communication system (300). The user equipment (205) receives a part of a CSI from the user equipment (305) in a TTI. The CSI comprises at least one of a CQI, a RI, a PCI, and an HARQ ACK/NACK. The user equipment (205) determines a type of data stream in which the part of the CSI was received and determines whether the type of data stream is equal to a predetermined type. The user equipment (205) schedules the user equipment (305) with a first transmission type when the type of data stream is equal to the predetermined type with a second transmission type when the type of data stream is different from the predetermined type.

Abstract: A spatially-distributed architecture (SDA) of antennas transmits a set of uniquely coded signals. A first receiver having a known position in a coordinate system defined by the SDA receives reflected versions of the uniquely coded signals. A first processor receives the reflected versions of the uniquely coded signals and identifies a position of a non-cooperative object in the coordinate system. A platform having a second receiver receives non-reflected versions of the uniquely coded signals. The platform determines a position of the platform in the coordinate system. In an example, the platform uses a self-determined position and a position of the non-cooperative object communicated from the SDA to navigate or guide the platform relative to the non-cooperative object. In another example, the platform uses a self-determined position and information from an alternative signal source in a second coordinate system to guide the platform after a coordinate conversion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for joining of a first field device to a wireless sensor actuator network using a configuration tool. The wireless sensor actuator network comprises a plurality of interconnected field devices and gateway for connecting the interconnected field devices to a plant automation network comprising controllers and network manager. The method comprises receiving device information associated with the first field device, transmitting a commissioning request for the first field device, the commissioning request comprising device information and geographical location information of the first field device, receiving commissioning information comprising a session key, a network key and routing information, and commissioning the first field device using the received commissioning information for joining the said field device to the wireless sensor actuator network.

Abstract: There is provided an arrangement for a wireless communication system that includes a set of power amplifiers and a set of antennas based on which at least two different configurations are provided, including a first configuration of power amplifiers and antennas and a second configuration of power amplifier(s) and antennas. The arrangement also includes switching circuitry configured to switch between the configurations. The second configuration employs a smaller number of power amplifiers than the first configuration, and the second configuration has fewer power amplifiers than antennas where at least one power amplifier is connected to at least two antennas via respective antenna branches that are configured with different delays, as represented by delay elements. A difference in delay between a pair of these antenna branches is based on a measure representative of the inverse bandwidth of a signal to be transmitted through the antennas.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to techniques for reporting Channel Quality Indicator (CQI). In certain aspects, a User Equipment (UE) may schedule switch from at least a first set of zero or more antennas used by the UE, to at least one second set of zero or more antennas, wherein the first and second sets differ by at least one antenna. The UE may determine a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) to be reported from the UE for use at a base station in a subsequent CQI subframe set, based at least on the scheduled switch. The UE may thereafter transmit the CQI to the base station.

Abstract: A method for a data signal on channels having spatial correlations by a Base Station (BS) is provided. The method includes estimating the spatial correlations of the channels, selecting a part of the channels based on a result of the estimation and transmitting a signal for channel estimation on the selected partial channels, and receiving channel estimation information estimated based on the signal from a User Equipment (UE) and generating a data signal to be transmitted to the UE on the channels using the channel estimation information.

Abstract: In one aspect, a tuner includes an analog front end to receive a radio frequency (RF) signal and to downconvert the RF signal to a second frequency signal, a digitizer to convert the second frequency signal to a digitized signal, a channel equalizer including a filter to filter the digitized signal, and a first controller to update the filter according to a frequency response of the filter.

Abstract: A mobile communication terminal calculates an interference rejection combining reception weight matrix based on a vector representing a reference signal transmitted from a desired base station so as to reduce interference with a desired beam of radio waves. The mobile communication terminal estimates, from the interference rejection combining reception weight matrix and the reference signal, an all received power expected when an IRC is implemented, and estimates, from an interference rejection combining weight vector, a channel matrix, and a reference signal sequence, a desired reference signal power expected when an IRC is implemented. The mobile communication terminal subtracts the desired reference signal power from the all received power, thereby estimating an interference and noise power expected when an IRC is implemented, and calculates an SINR expected when an IRC is implemented from the estimated interference and noise power.

Abstract: Diversity receiver front end system with amplifier phase compensation. A receiving system can include a first amplifier disposed along a first path, corresponding to a first frequency band, between an input of the receiving system and an output of the receiving system. The receiving system can include a second amplifier disposed along a second path, corresponding to a second frequency band, between the input of the receiving system and the output of the receiving system. The receiving system can include a first phase-shift component disposed along the first path and configured to phase-shift the second frequency band of a signal passing through the first phase-shift component based on a phase-shift caused by the first amplifier at the second frequency band.

Abstract: A system for open circuit detection for inductive sensors includes coils coupled in a star configuration on a first side of each coil. The system further includes driving pins coupled to the coils on a second side of each coil and voltage sources coupled to the driving pins. The system further includes one or more comparators coupled to the driving pins that monitor the voltages of the driving pins to detect open circuits.

Abstract: A method of automatically measuring noise levels of a plurality of uplink paths in a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) includes: sequentially measuring a noise level of each uplink path of the plurality of uplink paths; extracting the noise level of each uplink path at a final end of the uplink path; detecting the noise level of each uplink path; and determining a status of each uplink path by comparing the detected noise level with a threshold value.

Abstract: A dual-modem device opportunistically switches between spatial filtering techniques to enhance the received symbol estimates based at least in part on identifying, at a first modem, an interfering communication from a second modem. A WLAN modem can determine the timing of a WWAN transmission from a coexisting WWAN modem that interferes with a WLAN transmission and toggle between MRC and IRC receive techniques based at least in part on the determined timing.

Abstract: An electronic device including a first transceiver configured to process a first carrier, a second transceiver configured to process a second carrier, a switch, a baseband processor configured to process a first baseband signal and a second baseband signal, which are processed respectively by the first transceiver and the second transceiver, an antenna connected through the switch in association with some of a plurality of reception paths with respect to the first carrier, and a reception path configured to provide the second transceiver with the first carrier received via the antenna connected through the switch to the second transceiver.

Abstract: An interference cancellation system (ICS) may be used with a communication system to prevent or minimize interference from one or more sources. The ICS may receive radio RF signals comprised of one or more signals of interest (SOI) and multiple interfering signals. The ICS may use a sample of the interfering signals to cancel the interfering signals from the SOI. The multiple interfering signals may be converted into a single optical signal for cancellation. One or more optical cancellation paths may be used for interference cancellation. Each optical cancellation path may include an optical attenuator and/or an optical delay to achieve phase shifts and/or delays for interference cancellation.

Abstract: A wireless receiver (74) for receiving signals from a transmitter (72). The transmitter comprises a plurality of transmit antennas (TAT1?, TAT2?) for transmitting the signals, which comprise respective independent streams of symbols. Additionally, interference occurs between the respective streams. The receiver comprises a plurality of receive antennas (RAT1?, RAT2?) for receiving the signals as influenced by a channel effect between the receiver and the transmitter. The receiver also comprises circuitry (80) for multiplying the signals times a conjugate transpose of an estimate of the channel effect and times a conjugate transpose of a linear basis transformation matrix. The receiver also comprises circuitry (84) for selecting the linear basis transformation matrix from a finite set of linear basis transformation matrices. Lastly, the receiver comprises circuitry (88) for removing the interference between the respective streams.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a receiver to receive a first signal from at least one additional apparatus including a data frame including a FACK request in a signal (SIG) field. A baseband processor generates feedback information for use to perform channel estimation. A transmitter transmits a second signal that includes the feedback information to the at least one additional apparatus.

Abstract: A method includes receiving at a receiver circuit a composite signal including non-interfered data resource elements and interfered data resource elements from a plurality of radio cells, and determining a first mutual information metric based on the non-interfered data resource elements. The method further includes determining a second mutual information metric based on the interfered data resource elements, and determining effective mutual information based on a combination of the first mutual information metric and the second mutual information metric.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes systems and methods for identifying a signal that is a product of two or more other signals. In an embodiment, the presence of intermodulation distortion in a communication system is determined by comparing a cyclic autocorrelation function (“CAF”) of a complex envelop of signal content in a frequency bin, comparing the determined CAF with the CAF for a known signal type, and comparing a frequency of the signal content with the frequency of an RF channel in the communication system.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for interference control have been disclosed. A method for a base station in a wireless communication system, comprising: obtaining a system setting of the wireless communication system; selecting a transmission mode based at least in part on the system setting, wherein the transmission mode is one of an Interference Cancellation IC transmission mode and a Beamforming BF transmission mode; and configuring the selected transmission mode. The total system throughput may be maximized by dynamically switching the transmission mode between IC and BF at the base station. Further, the proposed switching mechanism may be applied to various communication networks where downlink interference may occur.

Abstract: A system and method for collaboratively designing optimized beamforming vectors is disclosed for a wireless multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) space division multiple access (SDMA) communication system to optimize an aggregate SNR performance metric across the different users, thereby permitting the flexibility to trade off computational requirements and size of control information exchanged with performance. Using adaptive vector space search methods, the space of all receive beamformers is searched to find the set which maximizes either the sum or product of SNRs of the users.

Abstract: Provided are a method and a system for filtering out adjacent frequency band interference. The method includes that an RF MEMS switch control module receives a first transmitted coupling signal from a first frequency band RF module and a second received coupling signal from a second frequency band RF module; the RF MEMS switch control module determines whether interference exists between a first frequency band and a second frequency band according to the first transmitted coupling signal and the second received coupling signal; if interference exists, the RF MEMS switch control module filters out the interference by instructing a first frequency band RF MEMS radio frequency reconfigurable antenna working in the first frequency band to change a first antenna structure and/or by instructing a second frequency band RF MEMS radio frequency reconfigurable antenna working in the second frequency band to change a second antenna structure.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for generating a hybrid waveform for data transmission between a transmitting device and a receiving device. The transmitting device may employ an OFDM processing technique to periodically transmit known first pilot symbols mapped from a signal constellation where each signal has equal energy during a first time period and a cyclic prefix based single-carrier (CP-SC) processing technique to transmit data packets and second known pilot symbols during a second time period. Channel estimation is based on first pilot symbols, which are inserted into all subcarriers of OFDM symbol blocks within a specific period. Channel estimation tracking is based on the second pilot symbols interleaved within data packets. The receiving device may be configured to estimate CSI based in part on first pilot symbols and to track the channel estimation based in part on the second pilot symbols in order to provide reliable data detection.

Abstract: A system and method for frequency reuse for wireless point-to-point backhaul. Frequency reuse is enabled through the cancellation of interfering signals generated by interference sources. In one embodiment, a conventional dish antenna is complemented with one or more additional auxiliary antennas (e.g., isotropic). The one or more additional auxiliary antennas enable cancellation of interfering signals whose direction of arrival (DOA) is off the dish antenna's bore-sight.

Abstract: A system including a diversity module and an antenna selection module. The diversity module is configured to measure i) a first signal-to-noise ratio and a first error rate for a first signal received via a first antenna, and ii) a second signal-to-noise ratio and a second error rate for a second signal received via a second antenna. The antenna selection is module configured to select the first antenna or the second antenna by comparing i) the first signal-to-noise ratio to the second signal-to-noise ratio, and ii) the first error rate to the second error rate.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus, and a communication system are provided that allow a reduction in a frame loss due to interference caused by use of the same channel. A transmitting apparatus disposed in a base station includes a GPS receiver for receiving a GPS signal, a timing generator for controlling respective function blocks in accordance with the GPS signal and an inter-base-station control signal so as to precisely synchronize the timing of frame transmission among base stations, the front-end transmission processing unit including for converting transmission information into transmission time slots, a frame generator for generating a frame including a plurality of time slots and one frame guard, and a back-end transmission processing unit for transmitting the generated frame as a radio signal.